作业16　社会现象与社会热点类议论文--2025年高考英语大二轮复习（专练）

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A
(2023·全国乙)
If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld，a histry that des nt privilege ne part f ①humanity，yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne，because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts，while mst f the wrld，fr mst f the time，has nt.Writing is ne f humanity’s later achievements，and until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things.
Ideally a histry wuld bring tgether texts and bjects，and sme chapters f this bk are able t d just that，but in many cases we simply can’t.The clearest example f this between literate and nn-literate histry is perhaps the first cnflict，at Btany Bay，between Captain Ck’s vyage and the Australian Abriginals.Frm the English side，we have scientific reprts and the captain’s recrd f that terrible day.Frm the Australian side，we have nly a wden shield(盾) drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht.If we want t recnstruct what was actually ging n that day，the shield must be questined and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reprts.
In additin t the prblem f ②miscmprehensin frm bth sides，there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted，especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write.Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries.The Caribbean Tain，the Australian Abriginals，the African peple f Benin and the Incas，all f whm appear in this bk，can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice.When we cnsider cntact between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these，all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted，nly ne half f a dialgue.If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin，we have t read nt just the texts，but the bjects.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A．Hw past events shuld be presented.
B．What humanity is cncerned abut.
C．Whether facts speak luder than wrds.
D．Why written language is reliable.
2．What des the authr indicate by mentining Captain Ck in paragraph 2?
A．His reprt was scientific.
B．He represented the lcal peple.
C．He ruled ver Btany Bay.
D．His recrd was ③ne-sided.
3．What des the underlined wrd “cnversatin” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Prblem. B．Histry. C．Vice. D．Sciety.
4.Which f the fllwing bks is the text mst likely selected frm?
A．Hw Maps Tell Stries f the Wrld
B．A Shrt Histry f Australia
C．A Histry f the Wrld in 100 Objects
D．Hw Art Wrks Tell Stries
语境猜词
①humanity(派)＝human＋ity
②miscmprehensin(派)＝mis＋cmprehen(d)＋sin
③ne-sided(合)＝ne＋sided
B
(2024·广东韶关二模)
Is life a stry r a game? Answers may vary frm ne t anther.Over the curse f life，we find things t lve and cmmit t—a jb，a partner r a cmmunity.At times，we struggle t learn frm ur misfrtunes t grw in wisdm，kindness and grace.
Will Strr，a writer whse wrk I admire，says this stry versin f life is a misunderstanding.In his bk The Status Game，he argues that human beings are deeply driven by status.Rather than abut being liked r accepted，he writes，it’s abut being better than thers.“When peple are bedient t us，ffer respect，admiratin r praise，that’s status.It feels gd.”
Life is a series f games，he adds.There’s the high schl game f cmpeting t be the ppular kid.The lawyer game t make partner.The finance game t make the mst mney.The academic game fr fame.The sprts game t shw that ur team is the best.Even when we are trying t d gd，Strr claims，we’re playing the “virtue game” t shw we are mrally superir t thers.
I think Strr is in danger f becming ne f thse guys wh ignre the nble desires f the human heart and the caring element in every friendship and family.The ①status-mad wrld that Strr describes is s lveless.In fact，gaming as a way f life is ②immature.Maturity means rising abve the shallw desire—fr status—that desn’t really nurish us.It’s abut cultivating the higher desires: the lve f truth and learning; the inner pleasure the craftsman gets in his wrk，which is nt abut ppularity，and the desire fr a gd and meaningful life that inspires peple t practise daily acts f genersity.
Hw d peple gradually learn t cultivate these higher mtivatins? T answer that，I’d have t tell yu a stry.
5．What lies in the cre f Will Strr’s pinin abut life?
A．The pride in ne’s virtue. B．The pursuit f ③superirity.
C．The desire fr acceptance. D．The mtivatin by wealth.
6．What can be viewed as higher mtivatins in the text?
A．Lve and superirity. B．Maturity and desire.
C．Cmmitment and kindness. D．Friendship and ppularity.
7.What’s the main purpse f the passage?
A．T crrect an attitude.
B．T tell a stry.
C．T explain tw arguments.
D．T criticize a viewpint.
8．What stry d yu think the authr will tell next?
A．A king’s-cmeback stry.
B．A ④rags-t-riches stry.
C．A Yuan Lngping-style stry.
D．An vernight-success stry.
语境猜词
①status-mad(合)＝status＋mad
②immature(派)＝im＋mature
③superirity(派)＝superir＋ity
④rags-t-riches(合)＝rags＋t＋riches
C
(2024·河南鹤壁二模)
Saying farewell t smene yu lve，even fr a night，can be difficult，①much less saying gdbye fr a lifetime r frever in death.Juliet bid Rme adieu(再见) fr the evening with the wrds，“Parting is such sweet srrw.” Sweet srrw is an xymrn.But this seeming cntradictin is true in the cntext f relatinships.
Relatinships are based n feelings，emtins，and passin.Deep friendships and lving relatinships are measured by the level f emtinal ②attachment.Emtins ③intensify ver time.Peple spend time with the peple they like.The mre ne persn likes anther persn，the clser the relatinship becmes.Each persn in the relatinship receives an emtinal benefit frm knwing the ther persn.
Saying gdbye means separating frm the peple wh make up a significant part f yur emtinal identity.Separatin，even a temprary absence，frm the peple yu have a deep emtinal cnnectin with can cause srrw because yu will n lnger be able t enjy their cmpany.
The sweet side f saying gdbye is the emtinal fulfillment f being in a clse relatinship.The time spent tgether is emtinally rewarding，especially if that persn is seen as a ④sulmate.Humans are scial beings.We seek the lve and cmfrt f ther peple.Lneliness devastates the human cnditin and leads t sadness.Sad peple will d anything they can t find fulfilling relatinships.⑤Likewise，happy peple will d anything they can t maintain r enhance relatinships.Here in lies the essential pint f the emtinal prblem.
The mre intense relatinships becme，the mre devastating the emtinal lss that is felt upn separatin.The exhilaratin f relatinships cannt be truly measured withut experiencing the verwhelming lss f a deep emtinal cnnectin.
Enjy the cmpany f the persn yu are with as lng as yu can; knwing the pain yu will feel at the end f the relatinship is the true measure f the relatinship.If it desn’t hurt t say gdbye，perhaps it wasn’t wrth saying hell.
9．Which f the fllwing can create the same effect as “sweet srrw”？
A．Icy cld. B．Clicking sund. C．⑥Deafening silence. D．Endless speech.
10．What can we learn frm paragraph 3?
A．Saying gdbye is unavidable in ur daily life.
B．The cmpanin f clse friends can lessen srrw.
C．A persn’s identity is cnnected with relatinship.
D．Separatin is the srrwful part f saying gdbye.
11．Hw can a persn get emtinal satisfactin in scial life accrding t the passage?
A．By making mre cmments n thers’ wrk.
B．By building deep emtinal cnnectins with thers.
C．By cmfrting friends with lve and intense feelings.
D．By being a thughtful persn by standing in thers’ shes.
12．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Sweet srrw is very cmmn in clse relatinships.
B．The pain f separatin is the measure f relatinships.
C．Human beings are eager t get emtinal fulfillment.
D．Happiness is meaningless withut sadness t cmpare it.
语境猜词
①much less
②attachment(派)＝attach＋ment
③intensify(派)＝intens(e)＋ify
④sulmate(合)＝sul＋mate
⑤likewise(合)＝like＋wise
⑥deafening(派)＝deaf＋en＋ing
答案精析
1．A [段落大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，不能仅通过文本讲述世界历史，因为物品也记录了人们关心的事情，即第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。]
2．D [推理判断题。根据第二段首句可推断，作者认为历史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“Frm the English side，we have scientific reprts and the captain’s recrd f that terrible day.Frm the Australian side，we have nly a wden shield(盾) drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht.”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。故选D。]
3．B [词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“ are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted，especially when nly the victrs knw hw t speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they vice.”可知，物品同样能讲述历史，文字描述只能说明一半的历史。故画线词所在句“If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin，we have t read nt just the texts，but the bjects.”强调解读物品来了解历史的另一半。所以cnversatin指的是“历史”。故选B。]
4．C [文章出处题。根据第一段、第二段最后一句以及最后一段第二、三句和最后一句可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好地了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。]
5．B [细节理解题。根据第二段中关键句“In his ’s abut being better than thers.”以及第三段中“There’s the high schl game f shw we are mrally superir t thers.”可知，Will Strr对于生活的观点的核心在于要比别人更好，B项“追求优越感”符合题意，故选B。]
6．C [推理判断题。根据第四段中“It’s genersity.(它是关于培养更高的愿望：对真理和学习的热爱；工匠从他的作品中获得内心的愉悦，这与受欢迎与否无关，以及对美好而有意义的生活的渴望，激励着人们践行慷慨的日常行为)”可知，C项“全心投入和善良”可以被视为更高的动机，故选C。]
7．A [写作意图题。本文首先提出问题：生活是一个故事还是一场游戏？接着提到了作家Will Strr对此问题的回答——他认为生活就是一系列的游戏，人类深受地位的驱使，然后作者指出这种生活态度是不成熟的，并提出了自己的观点，故本文目的是纠正一种态度，故选A。]
8．C [推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“It’s abut ”和最后一段“Hw d ’d have t tell yu a stry.”可知，更高的愿望是对真理和学习的热爱和对美好而有意义的生活的渴望，作者接下来要讲述关于如何培养这些更高动机的故事，C项“一个袁隆平式的故事”符合更高动机的内涵，故选C。]
9.C [推理判断题。根据第一段中“Sweet srrw is an xymrn. But this seeming cntradictin is true in the cntext f relatinships.(甜蜜的悲伤是一种矛盾修辞法。但这种看似矛盾的现象在人际关系中却是真实存在的)”可知，本句中sweet srrw是一种矛盾的修辞方法。故C选项“Deafening silence.(震耳欲聋的沉默)”符合题意。故选C。]
10．D [推理判断题。根据第三段“告别意味着你要跟那些在你的情感认同中占据重要地位的人分开。与和你有深厚情感联系的人分离，即使是短暂的缺席，都会带来悲伤，因为你将无法再享受他们的陪伴”可知，分离是告别时悲伤的部分。故选D。]
11．B [推理判断题。根据第二段中“Deep ver time.(深厚的友谊和恋爱关系是由情感依恋的程度来衡量的。情感会随着时间的推移而增强)”以及第四段中“The time spent ther peple.(一起度过的时光在情感上是有益的，尤其是如果那个人被视为灵魂伴侣。人类是社会生物。我们从他人身上汲取爱与安慰)” 可推知，一个人可以通过与他人建立深厚的情感联系在社交生活中获得情感上的满足。故选B。]
12．B [主旨大意题。 通读全文以及根据最后两段可知，文章通过“告别”带给人看似矛盾的情感体验这一现象，深入分析了分离痛苦这种情感体验在衡量人际关系疏密中的作用。B选项“The pain f separatin is the measure f relatinships.(分离的痛苦是衡量感情的尺度)”可概括文章的主旨。故选B。]
语境猜词答案
A．①人类(总称) ②误解 ③片面的，单方面的
B．①为地位而疯狂的 ②不成熟的 ③优越感 ④贫穷到富裕的
C．①更不用说 ②喜欢，依恋 ③增强，加剧 ④灵魂伴侣 ⑤同样地，类似地 ⑥震耳欲聋的
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。
语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。生活是一个故事还是一场游戏？作家Will Strr认为生活就是一系列的游戏，人类深受地位的驱使，作者指出这种生活态度是不成熟的，成熟意味着追求更高的愿望。
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章通过著名戏剧台词“Parting is such sweet srrw”引出对人际关系的讨论，阐述了分离的痛苦是衡量感情的尺度