①寒假复习-专题01 非谓语动词（知识讲解+高考必考题型练）2025年高二英语寒假衔接讲练 (译林版)

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非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的动词形式。非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词。
非谓语动词的主要形式
一、非谓语动词作主语: 动词不定式与动词-ing形式
1. 动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以在句中用作主语。不定式作主语时常用形式主语it代替, 不定式置于句末。
T d the jb well is nt easy. 要把这项工作做好并不容易。（表示具体的情况）
=It is nt easy (fr us) t d the jb well.
Sitting there was pleasant. 坐在那里很愉快。
【归纳】不定式或不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语即不定式放在后面，构成以下结构：
(1)It is/was + adj. + (f/fr sb.不定式的逻辑主语) + t d ...
(2)It is/was + a/an+名词 + (fr sb.) + t d ...
(3)It takes/tk (sb.) + time/curage/patience/…抽象名词 + t d ...
(4)It makes/made sb. + adj. + t d ...
It takes ten years t grw trees, but a hundred years t rear peple. [谚] 十年树木，百年树人。
It made me relaxed t knw that I have passed the exam. 知道我通过了考试，我感到轻松无比。
2. 动词-ing形式有时也用形式主语it代替, 动词-ing形式置于句末。这时常用于以下句型:
it is n gd/use ding sth. , it is a waste f time ding sth. , it is wrthwhile ding sth. 。
It is n gd pretending t knw what yu d nt knw. 假装知道你不知道的东西是没有益处的。
It is wrthwhile fllwing the advice f a wise man. 听从明智人的建议是值得的。
【名师点津】动词-ing形式作主语时, 有时其前面要加上形容词性物主代词或名词所有格, 表明动作的发出者。
My clsing the dr made him angry.
我关门使他生气了。
Parents’ playing with their children can cntribute t their healthy grwth.
父母和孩子玩能促进他们的健康成长。
二、非谓语动词作宾语: 动词不定式与动词-ing形式
1. 在affrd, agree, arrange, chse, claim, desire, expect, fail, hpe, intend, ffer, pretend, prmise, refuse, wish等动词后, 常接动词不定式作宾语。
He managed t pass the exam but I failed t finish my task.
他成功地通过了考试, 但是我没有完成我的任务。
The prduct claims t firm yur bdy in a mnth. 词汇复现
这种产品声称可以在一个月内使你的身体变结实。
He refused t cmment n the issue.
他拒绝对这个问题作任何评论。
2. 在advise, admit, avid, cnsider(考虑), deny, enjy, finish, practise, suggest等动词以及burst ut, give up, insist n, keep n, put ff等短语后, 常接动词-ing形式作宾语。
He admitted having n capability t slve the cmplicated prblem.
他承认没有能力解决这个复杂的问题。
They had t pstpne carrying ut the prject fr lack f mney.
由于缺乏资金, 他们不得不推迟实施这个项目。
3. 在like, lve, begin, start等动词后, 既可以接动词不定式作宾语, 也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语, 但二者区别不大, 常可以交换使用。
I like singing. =I like t sing. 我喜欢唱歌。
It started raining. = It started t rain. 开始下雨了。
4. 在remember, frget, regret, try, mean等动词后, 既可以接动词不定式作宾语, 也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语, 但二者意义不同。
I remember reading the stry smewhere befre.
我记得以前在什么地方读过这个故事。
Please remember t turn ff the lights when yu leave the ffice.
当你离开办公室时, 请记得关灯。
Driving a car means taking respnsibility fr my life and the lives f ther peple.
开车意味着要为我的生命和他人的生命负责。
She des nt mean t rent an apartment.
她没有打算租一间公寓。
After explaining the text the teacher went n t ask us t d exercises.
解释完课文后, 老师接下来让我们做练习题。
After a rest we went n planting trees.
休息了一会儿后, 我们继续植树。
5. 介词后一般只接动词-ing形式作宾语。
I’m prud f being a Chinese.
我为自己是一个中国人而自豪。
Please frgive me fr nt telling yu the news in time.
请原谅我没有及时告诉你这个消息。
【名师点津】want, need, require等动词后, 常用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动的意思, 动词-ing形式可以换成动词不定式的被动式。例如:
My hair needs cutting. = My hair needs t be cut.
我的头发需要剪了。
【巧学助记】接动词-ing形式作宾语的口诀
建议抵制享受(suggest/ advise; resist; enjy)
考虑承认冒险(cnsider; admit; risk)
避免推迟实践(avid; delay/put ff; practice)
期待成功完成(lk frward t; succeed in; finish)
接动词不定式作宾语的口诀
同意提出做计划(agree; ffer; plan)
要求答应来帮忙(demand/ ask; prmise; help)
决定准备遭拒绝(decide; prepare; refuse)
敢于选择有希望(dare; chse; wish/ hpe/ expect)
不能做到莫假装(fail; pretend)
设法做成决心坚(manage; determine)
三、非谓语动词作表语: 动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式
1. 动词不定式可以在句中用作表语, 说明主语所指的内容, 动词不定式可以带逻辑主语。动词不定式作表语时, 如果前面有实义动词d的形式, t可以省略。
His aim is t becme an astrnaut in the future.
他的目标是将来成为一名宇航员。
My hpe is fr all t cme tgether.
我希望所有人都来。
All I did was (t) give him a helping hand.
我所做的就是帮助他。
2. 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式可以在句中用作表语, 说明主语的特征或者状态, 动词-ing形式还可以表示主语所指的内容。
The film was s mving that he was mved t tears.
这部电影如此感人, 以至于他感动得流泪了。
My jb is lking after the elderly in the nursing hme.
我的工作是在养老院照顾老人。
四、非谓语动词作定语: 动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式
动词不定式作定语常表示将要发生的事; 动词-ing形式作定语常表示正在发生的事, 与被修饰词之间是主动关系; 动词-ed形式作定语常表示已经发生的事或表示被动意义, 与被修饰词之间是被动关系。
I have a meeting t attend tmrrw.
明天我有一个会议要参加。
The man being rewarded is my next-dr neighbur.
正在受奖的那个人是我的隔壁邻居。
The animal intrduced t the island caused damage t the lcal ecsystem.
引进到这个岛上的动物对当地的生态系统造成了破坏。
【名师点津】(1)当名词前面有序数词或形容词最高级以及nly, last, next等修饰时, 后面常用不定式作定语。
(2)下面的名词后面接动词不定式作定语
ability, attempt, chance, curisity, desire, decisin, determinatin, effrt, failure, intentin, need, pprtunity, place, plan, prmise, reasn, right(权利)等。
(3)动词不定式中的动词若是不及物动词, 而不定式与其修饰的名词之间有动宾关系, 这个不定式后就应有必要的介词。
五、非谓语动词作状语: 动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式
1. 动词不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因和结果, 动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、伴随等意义。
I walked slwly n the ice in rder nt t fall dwn. (表目的)
为了不摔倒, 我在冰上慢慢地走。
They lifted a rck nly t drp it n their wn feet. (表结果)
他们搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
He sat in a chair, reading a nvel. (表伴随)
他坐在椅子上读一本小说。
Walking n the ice, he was very frightened. (表时间)
走在冰上, 他感到很害怕。
Being ill, he can’t g t schl. (表原因)
他生病了, 不能去上学。
Warned f the danger, the by still played with the knife. (表让步)
虽然被警告有危险, 那男孩还是拿着刀玩。
Given mre time, I wuld d it better. (表条件)
如果给我更多的时间, 我会做得更好。
2. 作状语时, 动词-ing形式具有主动意义, 与句子主语在逻辑上是主动关系; 动词-ed形式具有被动意义, 与句子主语在逻辑上是被动关系。
Being shrt f mney, I decided t apply fr the wrk. (主语I和be shrt f mney之间是主动关系)
因为缺钱, 我决定申请这份工作。
Bitten by a dg, Allen was rushed t the hspital. (主语Allen和bite之间是被动关系)
艾伦被狗咬了, 被火速送到医院。
3. 动词-ing形式作状语可用完成式, 表示此动作发生在谓语动作之前。
Having read all the papers, he answered the questins fluently.
他读完所有试卷之后, 流利地回答了问题。
4. 动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式作状语时, 有时前面可以加when, while, if, unless, nce, thugh, until等连词, 相当于状语从句的省略。
Unless invited (=Unless I’m invited), I wn’t attend his birthday party.
除非受到邀请, 否则我不会参加他的生日聚会。
When walking ut f the meeting rm(= When they were walking ut f the meeting rm), all the peple were talking abut the decisin made just nw.
人们走出会议室时都在谈论刚才做出的决定。
六、非谓语动词作补语: 动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式
1. 在expect, frbid, frce, rder, permit, request, warn等动词后, 常接“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构, 动词不定式作补语。
He warned us t be careful.
他警告我们要小心。
We expect him t answer ur questins with patience. 词汇复现
我们期望他耐心地回答我们的问题。
2. see, hear, ntice, watch, feel等动词后的补语。
(1)接不带t的动词不定式作补语, 表示动作的整个过程;
(2)接动词-ing形式作补语, 表示动作正在进行, 与宾语之间是主动关系;
(3)接动词的-ed形式作补语常表示被动意义, 与宾语之间是被动关系。
I saw him crss the street and enter a shp.
我看见他穿过马路然后进了一家商店。
I saw him crssing the street.
我看见他正在过马路。
I saw him kncked dwn n the street.
我看见他在街上被撞倒了。
3. 在使役动词have, let, make后用省略t的动词不定式作补语。have, make后面还可以用动词-ed形式作补语常表示被动意义, 与宾语之间是被动关系。have可以接动词-ing形式作补语, 表示动作正在进行, 与宾语之间是主动关系。
The pliceman let the suspect tell the truth.
警察让嫌疑犯如实交代。
He raised his vice t make himself heard.
为了让其他人听到他的声音, 他提高了嗓门。
Dn’t have the water running in the garden, fr I had it watered yesterday.
不要让水一直在花园里流, 昨天我已经浇过了。
4. catch/spt+宾语+动词-ing形式表示“发现……正在做”
I caught/sptted them stealing my apples.
我发现他们正在偷我的苹果。
5. keep/find+宾语+动词-ing形式/动词-ed形式
Srry t have kept yu waiting s lng.
很抱歉, 让你久等了。
Please keep me infrmed f yur latest infrmatin.
请让我了解你的最新情况。
When I wke up, I fund the grund cvered with snw.
当我醒来时, 我发现地上覆盖着雪。
We find the water running int a cave.
我们发现水正流向一个洞里。
6. “with/withut + 名词/代词 +非谓语动词作补语”的复合结构
He didn’t fall asleep with the nise ging n.
有噪音他睡不着。
All the afternn he wrked with the dr lcked.
整个下午他都锁着门(在房里)工作。
I can’t g ut with all these clthes t wash.
要洗这些衣服, 我无法出去了。
【名师点津】 动词不定式作补语易错提醒
三使、一感觉、两听、五看、半帮助(have, make, let, feel, hear, listen t, watch, see, lk at, bserve, ntice, help)等动词在主动语态中, 后面作补语的动词不定式不可带t, 但是被动语态必须加上t。
I am ften made by the teacher t rewrite the cmpsitin.
老师经常让我重写作文。
She was seen t help an injured ld man near the bank.
有人看见她在银行附近帮助了一位受伤的老人。
1. 区分动词不定式及动词-ing形式作主语
(1)动词-ing形式多表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念或一个已经完成了的动作, 而不定式则表示具体的某一次行为或将来的动作, 不过有时二者之间区别很小。
例如:
T accmpany my mther is what I want t d this evening.
陪妈妈是我今晚想做的事。
Climbing muntains is great fun. 爬山很有趣。
(2)不定式、动词-ing形式作主语时可有逻辑主语。不定式的逻辑主语通常是介词fr/f引导的名词或宾格代词; 动词-ing形式的逻辑主语则常用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。
It’s impssible fr him t cmplete the task in such a shrt time.
他不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项任务。
The children’s lving nature can surely inspire their lve fr their family members.
孩子们对大自然的热爱能激起他们对家庭成员的爱。
2．巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别
(1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且正在进行，要想到用动词-ing形式；
(2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表示完成，要想到用动词-ed形式；
(3)若非谓语动词表示将来的动作，作状语表示目的，在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等，要想到用动词不定式形式。
3．掌握非谓语动词的句型公式
It's＋形容词＋(fr/f sb.＋) t d sth.; It's n gd/use/pleasure ding sth.; find/think/believe/cnsider＋it＋形容词＋t d sth.。
4．巧辨谓语动词和非谓语动词
(1)一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语，一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词，则填谓语动词。谓语动词要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致等；
(2)若句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词(并列连词或从句连词)时，则所给动词一定用非谓语动词。非谓语动词需要确定是动词-ing 形式、动词-ed形式还是动词不定式形式。
5. 独立主格结构
(1）独立主格结构的特点
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在；
独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系；
独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。
（2）独立主格结构的构成: 名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。
Every mrning the ld man walks in the park, his pet dg fllwing him alng(＝and his pet dg fllws him alng)．
每天早上，老人在公园里散步，他的宠物狗跟着他。
She std there, her eyes lking upward int the sky and her hands crssed n her breast.
她站在那里，眼睛向上望着天空，双手交叉放在胸前。
真题感知
1. （2023北京卷）She called fr actin (address)the struggles f peple arund the wrld —__________(face) “t little water r t dirty water”.
2.(2023∙全国甲卷) Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables (寓言) (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.
3. (2023∙全国甲卷) “There was nce a twn in the heart f America, where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
4. (2023∙全国甲卷) Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message 46 (intend) fr everyne.
5. (2023∙全国乙卷) It is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully ______(build) system f ring rads.
6. (2023∙全国乙卷) (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I 47 (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while cnstantly grwing.
7. (2023∙全国乙卷) As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years (recrd) everything I discvered.
8. (2023∙新高考全国Ⅰ卷) T eat ne, yu have t decide whether (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill, r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
9. (2023∙新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Shanghai may be the (recgnize) hme f the sup dumplings but fd histrians will actually pint yu t the neighbring canal twn f Nanxiang as Xia lng ha’s birthplace.
10. (2023∙新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f their cntents.
11. (2023∙新高考全国Ⅰ卷) N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is rarely enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left (want) mre next time.
12. (2023∙浙江1月卷) In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Frbidden City, ________ (surrund)in cncentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
提升专练
一、单句语法填空
1． They called n Western natins t (cmmitment) mre mney t the prest natins.
2． It’s all my fault. I’m (blame).
3． The detx was mre difficult (tlerate) than I had expected. But n reflectin, I can see hw much f my time (ccupy) with checking my phne.
4． Frms will be available in schl and nline fr them (indicate) their chices and return t schl.
5． The film star wears sunglasses, s he can g shpping withut (recgnize).
6． I wrte him an email t shw my cngratulatins n the master’s degree. (btain)
7． When I stepped int the surgery, the dctr was busy a patient. (examine)
8． The scientist develped ne mdel fr (simulatr) a full year f the glbe’s climate.
9． My drawing was nt a picture f a hat. It was a picture f a ba cnstrictr (digest) an elephant.
10． We were all impressed by the statue f the hrse (date) back t the Xia dynasty.
11．With time (g) by, the wman gradually frgt that accident.
12．Dn’t leave the lights ( burn) all night. It will waste t much electricity.
13．Mst f us didn’t like the table (advertise) in the magazine.
14． There are many serius health prblems (assciate) with smking.
15． He refused t accept (dnate) mney and decided t make mney by himself.
16．Here are six suggestins t have yur hme (security) while yu are away.
17．Yu can’t imagine what difficulty we had (walk) hme in the snwstrm.
18．It is ne f the funniest things (find) n the Internet s far this year.
19．One yung sldier rse with a message f thanks, his vice (chke) with emtin.
20．S many peple (help) us, we finished the task ahead f time.
21． (judge) frm the happy shuts utside tnight, I’m sure they have wn the game.
22． A bus fell ff the bridge, five peple dead and anther eight (injure).
23． “But I have cheated my grandmther,” said the girl, tears f guilt (flw) dwn her cheeks.
24．My palms (sweat), an inner vice tld me that I had t calm dwn.
25． The film has als enabled western audience (have) a better understanding f Chinese culture.
26．He didn’t knw that the accident was (change) his whle life.
27．The driver wanted t park his car near the radside but was asked by the plice nt .
28．Carrying adequate batteries, hwever, wuld make the plane t heavy (gt) ff the grund.
29．Parents are making an attempt (prtect) their kids by giving whatever they have.
30．Banks actively encurage peple (brrw) mney.
31．I went arund t my friend’s huse. Withut ur phnes, we had a prper cnversatin fr ver tw hurs, withut (distract) by messages frm ther peple.
32．We have already succeeded in (wrk) ut grund rules with the Department f Defense.
33．These measures wuld make valuable (cntribute) t (reduce) industrial accidents.
34．Tm sat in the dctr’s (wait) rm. There were many patients there.
35．She had devted herself t (practise) fr ten years and became ne f the best swimmers.
36．The cmpany has n rules abut (favur) U.S. citizens during layffs.(所给词的适当形式填空)
37． When ( teach) English, whether t children r adults, yu have t be very creative t keep their interest.
38．—Mr Jhnsn, Im really srry t have kept yu (wait) fr a lng time.
—I knw yu are very busy at the mment.
39．Kids usually finish schl at 3:30 p.m. Hwever, mst parents wrk until 6:00 p.m., (make) it hard fr them t pick their kids up.
40．Cnsequently, she succeeded in making a kind f candy nly (use) natural sweeteners, which can reduce ral bacteria.
41． ( knw) all this, I still want t see it in persn.
42．When the little girl fund s many peple (surrund) her, she felt very nervus.
43．Inside the “Kare Bags” fr the hmeless peple are (necessary) such as tthpaste, sap and scks, (buy) first with her pcket mney and then thrugh crwd funding.
44．I think the dictinary (publish) this year is wrthy f being bught.
45．Last Saturday, I went fishing with my fellws, nly t have my left ft (injure).
46．Ordinary sap, (use) crrectly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
47．A great number f students (questin) said they were frced t practice the pian.
二．句型转换
1．She gt up early this mrning s that she culd get t schl n time. (同义句转换)
= t schl n time, she gt up early this mrning.
2．He fund that everyne had gne when he arrived at the prt. (用过去分词改写句子)
→He arrived at the prt, nly .
3．She tk the dress ut f the clset and tried it n, but fund it didn’t fit. (用不定式改写句子)
4．She is the first blind student that will study in this university. (用不定式改写句子)
5．After he had turned ff the TV set, he began t g ver his lessns. (用动词-ing形式改写)

6．What is imprtant fr keeping healthy is being happy. (用V-ing 作主语改写) (句型转换)

7．We are all very eager t read his new nvel. (同义句转换)
We are all his new nvel.
8．It tk him a whle day t explre the ld part f twn. (同义转换)
He a whle day the ld part f twn.
9． When Mary’s father saw her s scared, he began t tell a stry t relieve her. (非谓语动词) (句型转换)
10．The new machines will wrk faster. Thus it will reduce ur cst. (用动词-ing形式改写)

11．I nticed she was reading an e-bk with an e-reader. (用动词-ing形式改写)

12． Classic wrks were written by famus writers and they present great thughts thrugh interesting stries and language. (用过去分词作定语改写)

13．He fund that his hmetwn had been greatly changed. (用动词-ed形式改写句子)

14．The building fell dwn immediately after the terrrists attacked it. (用动词-ed形式改写句子)

15．My brther is a scientist wh is engaged in theretical research. (用动词-ed形式改写句子)

16． It seems that my rmmate has much cnfidence fr the cming final exam. (同义句转换)
My rmmate much cnfidence fr the cming final exam.
17．（2023上·高二课时练习）When she saw her classmates laughed suddenly because f her flish mistakes, she cried suddenly.
→ because f her flish mistakes, she .(现在分词短语作状语)
18． If yu d nt slw dwn and take a break, yu’ll be very tired very quickly.(句型转换)
→If yu d nt slw dwn and take a break, yu will very quickly.

19． Wuld yu mind if I ask yu a few questins? (改成陈述性宾语从句)
I if yu wuld mind me a few questins.
20． The by lay n the grund and fixed his eyes n the ceiling. (用过去分词改写句子)
→The by lay n the grund, his eyes .
21． When all wrk was finished, he had time t have a gd rest.
→ , he had time t have a gd rest. (句型转换)
22．用独立主格结构合并。
Newtn made numerus cntributins t the wrld.
The mst well-knwn cntributin f Newtn is perhaps “the Law f Gravity”.

23．Tm threw himself int his mther’s arms and tears f shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(句式升级)
→Tm threw himself int his mther’s arms, .(with复合结构)
→Tm threw himself int his mther’s arms, .(独立主格结构)
24． If weather permits, we shall g there n ft. (句型转换)
→ , we shall g there n ft.
25． If time permits, I will visit the Great Wall. (用独立主格结构)
, I will visit the Great Wall.
26． The by lay n the grund and fixed his eyes n the ceiling. （同义句转换）
→The by lay n the grund, his eyes ．
27．The bell rang and he ran t the classrm as fast as he culd. (句型转换)
→ , he ran t the classrm as fast as he culd.
28． He made numerus cntributins t the wrld, the mst well-knwn being the general thery f relativity …
仿写：许多因素促成了一个人的成功，其中最重要的就是信心。

29．Because the key was lst that day, she culd nt enter the rm. （同义句转换）
（1） that day, she culd nt enter the rm. (with的复合结构)
（2） that day, she culd nt enter the rm. (独立主格结构)
30．If he is given time, he’ll becme a first-class tennis player. (用动词-ed形式改写句子)

目录
考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢
重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺
难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升
学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破
常考考点
真题举例
动词不定式作目的状语/现在分词作后置定语
2023北京卷
动词不定式作目的状语/现在分词作状语/过去分词作定语
2023全国甲卷
动名词作宾语，过去分词作定语，现在分词作状语
2023全国乙卷
动词不定式作宾语，动词不定式作宾补，过去分词作定语
2023 新高考I卷
现在分词完成式作状语
2023浙江1月卷
形式功能
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
相当词类
不定式（t＋v.）
√
√
√
√
√
√
n./adj./adv.
动名词（v.-ing）
√
√
√
√
n.
现在分词（v.-ing）
√
√
√
√
adj./adv.
过去分词（v.-ed）
√
√
√
√
adj./adv.
remember,
frget
t d(动作未做)
ding(已做)
regret
t d(遗憾要做)
ding(后悔做过)
try
t d(尽力去做)
ding(尝试做)
mean
t d(打算做)
ding(意味着做……)
g n
t d(接下来做另外一件事)
ding(继续做原来的事情)
can’t help
(t) d(不能帮助做)
ding(禁不住做)