江苏省南京市秦淮区2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末(解析版)英语试卷

这是一份江苏省南京市秦淮区2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末(解析版)英语试卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了听力，单项填空，完形填空，阅读理解，阅读还原，词汇填空，短文填空，阅读表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、听力（略）
二、单项填空(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
1. Which wrd can we put in the blank in the pem?
At sunset hillside village still seems far;
Cld and lnely the pr huses are.
At wden gate a dg is heard t bark;
With wind and snw I cme when night is ________.
— By Liu Changqing
A. darkB. clC. lngD. deep
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们可以在诗的空白处填入哪个词？日落时分，山坡上的村庄仍显得遥远；穷人的房子又冷又孤独。在木门前听到狗吠声；在风雪交加、夜幕降临的时候，我来了。——刘昌庆。
考查形容词辨析。dark黑暗的；cl凉爽的； lng长的；deep深的。根据“With wind and snw I cme when night is”可知，是指诗人到达时夜很黑暗了。故选A。
2. Li Ziqi’s shrt vides help peple find happiness in life. ________, her vides help peple take a clser lk at the amazing Chinese culture.
A. InsteadB. HweverC. MreverD. Otherwise
【答案】C
【解析】句意：李子柒的短视频帮助人们找到生活中的幸福。此外，她的视频帮助人们更近距离地了解令人惊叹的中国文化。
考查副词辨析。Instead相反；Hwever然而；Mrever此外；Otherwise否则。根据“Li Ziqi’s shrt vides help peple find happiness in life”和后一句“her vides help peple take a clser lk at the amazing Chinese culture.”可知，前后句是递进关系，“此外”符合语境。故选C。
3. The students ________ mrning exercises n the playgrund when a sudden strm hit at 9 a. m. last Friday.
A. dB. didC. are dingD. were ding
【答案】D
【解析】句意：上周五上午9点，学生们正在操场上做早操，突然来了一场暴风雨。
考查动词时态。根据“when a sudden strm hit at 9 a. m. last Friday.”可知，该句描述的是过去的时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were ding”。故选D。
4. —________ did the famus giant panda Hua Hua weigh when it was brn?
—It weighed abut 200 grams at birth.
A. Hw muchB. Hw lngC. Hw manyD. Hw heavy
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——著名的大熊猫花花出生时的体重是多少？——它出生时重约200克。
考查特殊疑问句。hw much多少，对不可数名词的量进行提问；hw lng多久；hw many多少，对可数名词的数量进行提问；hw heavy多重。根据“It weighed abut 200 grams at birth.”，可知，此处是对重量进行提问，根据“did the famus giant panda Hua Hua weigh”，可知，此句用hw much des sth weigh的句型，故选A。
5. I’m afraid the washing machine will ________ sme day if yu dn’t fllw the instructins when using it.
A. get lstB. g wrngC. give upD. cme dwn
【答案】B
【解析】句意：如果您不按照使用说明操作，恐怕有一天这台洗衣机会出故障。
考查动词短语。get lst迷路；g wrng出问题；give up放弃；cme dwn下降。根据“the washing machine”以及“if yu dn’t fllw the instructins when using it”可知，此处表示不按照使用说明操作，洗衣机会出问题。故选B。
6. —What exciting news! The 9th Asian Winter Games will take place in Harbin.
—That’s great! We all think Harbin is a(n) ________ place fr winter sprts.
A. awfulB. perfectC. silentD. strange
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——多么令人激动的消息！ 第九届亚洲冬季运动会将在哈尔滨举行。——太好了！ 我们都认为哈尔滨是冬季运动的完美场所。
考查形容词辨析。awful可怕的；perfect完美的；silent沉默的；strange奇怪的。根据“That’s great!”可知对方认为哈尔滨是冬季运动的完美场所。故选B。
7. T help peple knw mre abut yu, yu’d better ________ yur qualities with sme examples.
A. checkB. changeC. decide D. describe
【答案】D
【解析】句意：为了帮助人们更多地了解你，你最好用一些例子来描述你的品质。
考查动词辨析。check检查；change改变；decide决定；describe描述。根据“T help peple knw mre abut yu, yu’d better …yur qualities with sme examples.”可知，用举例子来描述品质。故选D。
8. We frm the wrd “________” in a different way frm the ther three.
A. keybardB. kindnessC. mailbxD. mnlight
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们组成新单词“kindness”的方法不同于其他三个。
考查构词法。keybard键盘；kindness善良；mailbx邮箱；mnlight月光。分析每个单词可知，keybard“键盘”，由key和bard合成；kindness“善良”是在单词kind后面加-ness构成；mailbx“邮箱”由mail和bx合成；mnlight“月光”由mn和light合成。故选B。
9. Which f the fllwing has the same sentence structure as “I see him playing basketball n the playgrund.”?
A. We will send her a birthday card.
B. They ften fly kites n windy days.
C. All the classmates find Tm generus.
D. The new idea sunds really wnderful.
【答案】C
【解析】句意：下列哪项与“我看见他在操场上打篮球”有相同的句子结构？
考查句子结构。We will send her a birthday card.我们将寄给她一张生日卡；They ften fly kites n windy days.他们经常在有风的日子放风筝；All the classmates find Tm generus. 所有的同学都觉得汤姆很慷慨；The new idea sunds really wnderful.这个新主意听起来真不错。句子“I see him playing basketball n the playgrund.”中：I为主语；see为谓语；him为宾语；playing basketball为宾补；n the playgrund状语。选项C“All the classmates find Tm generus.”中：All the classmates为主语；find为谓语；Tm为宾语；generus为宾补。因此选项C结构与题干的句子都是“主+谓+宾+宾补”的结构。故选C。
10. — I was preparing fr the test and missed the red leaves in Qixia Muntain last mnth.
—________. Yu have t wait fr anther year t see them.
A. N prblemB. That’s right
C. That’s a pityD. It desn’t matter
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——上个月我忙着准备考试，错过了栖霞山的红叶。 ——真遗憾。你得再等一年才能见到他们。
考查情景交际。N prblem没问题；That’s right那是对的；That’s a pity真遗憾；It desn’t matter没关系。根据“missed the red leaves in Qixia Muntain last mnth.”和“Yu have t wait fr anther year t see them.”可知，此处表达遗憾。故选C。
三、完形填空 (共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
PE classes were the mst difficult part fr Nra, a Grade 8 student. She didn’t ____11____ hw tired she wuld be, but the way her classmates lked at her. In fact, Nra was much bigger than thers f her age. A grup f students ften ran behind her, laughing and talking abut ____12____ Nra ran. Nra kept telling herself, “One mre ____13____ and I’ll leave the middle schl. Then I wn’t have t take this stupid PE class.”
But ____14____ changed when a girl named Ze jined the class. She had shrt hair, bright eyes, and a lng scar (伤疤) n the left side f her face. She intrduced herself, “Hi, everyne, I’m Ze. I lve sprts and fashin. Yu might be ____15____ why I had the scar. I gt it when I fell ff my bike. I think it makes me cl.” Nra listened in surprise. Hw culd the girl speak ut her ____16____?
During the lunchtime, Ze nticed Nra was sitting at her usual table in the crner alne. She was ____17____ enugh t walk ver t jin Nra. Nra culdn’t believe Ze wuld like t sit with her. They enjyed a wnderful time that day. Nra thught Ze was different frm the ther classmates, ____18____ she built up the curage (勇气) t share her stries in the PE class with Ze. “Hug yurself!” said Ze. Hearing that, Nra ____19____ felt a mment f warmth rushing ver her. She seemed t get a lt f energy frm Ze’s wrds and tried t be herself.
It was time fr PE class again, but this time Ze was with her. Nra became much braver and finally ____20____ that true cnfidence (自信) came frm herself, nt frm thers’ wrds. In the beautiful sunshine, the tw girls walked frward tgether.
11. A. lk afterB. care abutC. think fD. find ut
12. A. hwB. whyC. whenD. where
13. A. dayB. hurC. mnthD. year
14. A. nneB. nthingC. anythingD. smething
15. A. hearingB. knwingC. wnderingD. cmplaining
16. A. planB. jkeC. secretD. dream
17. A. shyB. hnestC. friendlyD. interesting
18. A. sB. rC. butD. because
19. A. mainlyB. usuallyC. carefullyD. suddenly
20. A. taughtB. advisedC. guessedD. understd
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C 16. C 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. D
【语篇解读】本文讲述了Nra在体育课上因体型问题感到自卑，但在新同学Ze的影响下，逐渐找回自信的故事。
【11题详解】
句意：她不在乎累，但她真的不喜欢同学们看她的眼神。
lk after照顾；care abut在乎；think f想起；find ut查明。根据“She didn’t…the tiredness, but she really disliked the lks her classmates gave her.”可知，前后句子是转折关系，因此前句应该说的是不在乎累。故选B。
【12题详解】
句意：一群学生经常跑在她身后，笑着谈论诺拉跑得怎么样。
hw如何；why为什么；when何时；where哪里。根据“Nra ran”可知，谈论诺拉跑得怎么样。故选A。
【13题详解】
句意：再过一年，我就要离开中学了。
day天；hur小时；mnth月；year年。根据“PE classes were the mst difficult part fr Nra, a Grade 8 student.”可知，再过一年，故选D。
【14题详解】
句意：但当一个名叫佐伊的女孩加入班级后，事情发生了变化。
nne什么都没有；nthing什么都没有；anything任何事；smething某事。根据“But…changed when a girl named Ze jined the class.”可知，某些事改变了，故选D。
【15题详解】
句意：你可能对这个伤疤感到好奇。
hearing听到；knwing知道；wndering知道；cmplaining抱怨。根据“I gt it when I fell ff my bike.”可知，此处说的是对这个伤疤感到好奇，wnder abut意为“对……好奇”，动词短语。故选C。
【16题详解】
句意：女孩怎么能说出自己的秘密呢？
plan计划；jke玩笑；secret秘密；dream梦想。根据“the girl speak ut”可知，说出自己的秘密，故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：她很友好地走过去加入诺拉。
shy害羞的；hnest诚实的；friendly友好的；interesting有趣的。根据“walk ver t jin Nra”以及“Nra culdn’t believe Ze wuld like t sit with her.”可知，友好地走过去加入诺拉。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：诺拉认为佐伊与其他同学不同，因此她鼓起勇气与佐伊分享她在体育课上的故事。
s所以；r或者；but但是；because因为。前后句之间是因果关系，即前因后果，此处应用s引导结果状语从句。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：听到这话，诺拉突然感觉一股温暖涌上心头。
mainly主要地；usually通常；carefully认真地；suddenly突然。根据“felt a mment f warmth rushing ver her”可知，突然感觉一股温暖涌上心头。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：诺拉变得更加勇敢，终于明白真正的自信来自于自己，而不是别人的言语。taught教；advised建议；guessed猜测；understd理解。根据“true cnfidence (自信) came frm herself”可知，Nra最终明白真正的自信来自于自己，故选D。
四、阅读理解(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wuld yu like t make a msquit trap (捕蚊器) by yurself next summer? We can make ne easily. It is cheap and friendly t the envirnment.
What yu need
A bttle, white sugar, yeast, water and a black clth.
Hw it wrks
The water, sugar and yeast wrk tgether t make carbn dixide (二氧化碳). It attracts mre msquites. The funnel shape makes it easy fr msquites t fly int the bttle, but hard fr them t get ut.
21. What des the writer think f the msquit trap?
①Nt expensive. ②Easy t make.
③Ppular amng teenagers. ④Friendly t the envirnment.
A. ①②③B. ①②④C. ①③④D. ②③④
22. Why d we need t turn the tp f the bttle dwnward?
A. T make the trap mre interesting.
B. T help make mre carbn dixide.
C. T prevent the water frm getting ut.
D. T make it difficult fr msquites t fly ut.
23. Where can we prbably find the passage?
A. In a magazine.B. In a travel guide.
C. in a stry bk.D. In an animal reprt.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【语篇解读】本文介绍了如何制作捕蚊器。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“We can make ne easily. It is cheap and friendly t the envirnment.”可知，捕蚊器便宜、易于制作、且环保，没有提到受青少年欢迎。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Turn the tp f the bttle dwnward t make a funnel shape”以及“The funnel shape makes it easy fr msquites t fly int the bttle, but hard fr them t get ut.”可知，将瓶口向下是为了让蚊子容易进入但难以飞出。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍如何制作捕蚊器，适合刊登在杂志上。故选A。
B

In Octber 2023, vlunteers sent a small green sea turtle t the Sea Turtle Care Center at an aquarium (水族馆) in Suth Carlina. The turtle, Rictta, gt trapped in a fishing line, and lst a frnt flipper (鳍). Peple fund mre fishing lines in the turtle’s bdy.
Rictta was nt the nly ne. Since the care center pened in 2000, wrkers there have seen many turtles like Rictta. Sme turtles’ injuries (伤害) came frm bat strikes and animal bites.
“The best part abut my jb is that every day is different,” says Grace Buschiazz, a bilgist at the Sea Turtle Care Center. “Whatever the sea turtles need frm me, I’m ging t d it.” At the age f 15, Buschiazz vlunteered fr a prject. It helped prtect sea turtle eggs. That was when she fell in lve with sea turtles.
Buschiazz recmmends that kids can vlunteer just like her if they are interested in sea turtles. “Yu can d it at an aquarium,” she says. “Yu can als d it at a lcal animal center. There are lts f ways t help sea turtles.”
Buschiazz makes the turtles’ meals and makes sure they stay healthy. She des everything she can t help the turtles get better.
Since 2000, the team at the Sea Turtle Care Center has successfully treated and released mre than 400 sea turtles. And that’s anther thing Buschiazz lves abut her jb: getting t see hw peple save the turtles’ lives and help them g back int the sea.
24. What d we knw abut Rictta after reading the passage?
A. Animal bites led t Rictta’s injury.
B. Vlunteers helped Rictta after it gt hurt.
C. Rictta was brn in a sea turtle care center.
D. Rictta lst bth f its frnt flippers in 2023.
25. What des the underlined wrd “release” mean in Paragraph 6?
A. Let g.B. Wait fr.C. Knw abut.D. Bring tgether.
26. What is the best title f this passage?
A. Saving sea turtles.B. A sea turtle’s stry.
C. Learning abut sea animals.D. Advice n being vlunteers.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了拯救海龟的工作。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In Octber 2023, vlunteers sent a small green sea turtle t the Sea Turtle Care Center at an aquarium (水族馆) in Suth Carlina. The turtle, Rictta, gt trapped in a fishing line, and lst a frnt flipper(鳍).”可知，志愿者帮助受伤的海龟，故选B。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Since 2000, the team at the Sea Turtle Care Center has successfully treated and released mre than 400 sea turtles.”可知，自2000年以来，海龟护理中心的团队已成功治疗并放生了400多只海龟；可推测出“release”意为“释放”，与“let g”意思相近。故选A。
【26题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述对受伤海龟的拯救过程、护理工作以及鼓励人们帮助海龟的行动，因此最佳标题为“Saving sea turtles”，即“拯救海龟”，故选A。
C
One f Cca-Cla’s many slgans (标语) was “Yu can’t beat the real thing”. The cmpany was trying t say that there were a lt f ther drinks, but nne f them was as gd as the “real” Cke.
Yu may nt agree. But when it cmes t art, scientists in the Netherlands think it’s true—yu can’t beat the real thing.
Martin de Munnik, a member f the Neurensis Research (研究) Cmpany, did a research with ther members. They invited 20 vlunteers t take part in it in the Mauritshuis Museum. Researchers shwed five real artwrks t them. While they were lking at the artwrks, a special machine recrded their brain (大脑) activities.
Then these vlunteers needed t lk at the pictures f the same five artwrks as befre. The researchers cmpared (比较) their brain activities when they were lking at the real artwrks and the pictures. The research shwed that when vlunteers were lking at the real artwrks, their emtinal respnses (情绪反应) were 10 times strnger than thse when they were lking at the pictures.
The researchers said the respnses were quite different. Real artwrks made the brain much mre excited than pictures f the same artwrks did. The real art caused a strng emtinal respnse in a part f the brain called the precuneus. This part f the brain is abut feelings and memries.
Erik Scherder, a famus scientist, said the research shwed the imprtance f museums fr peple f all ages. “It shws what the real artwrk des fr yur brain when yu see it clsely,” he said. “Museums can make peple have such rich feelings that everyne can get a lt frm them.”
27. The writer uses Cca-Cla’s slgan in Paragraph 1 t ________.
A. cmpare different drinks
B. ask peple t chse Cke
C. tell the imprtance f slgans
D. intrduce the tpic f real things
28. Which is the crrect rder f ding the research?
a. Vlunteers enjyed five real artwrks.
b. The machine recrded the first brain activity.
c. The researchers cmpared vlunteers’ brain activities.
d. Vlunteers lked at the pictures f the same five artwrks.
e. Researchers invited 20 vlunteers t take part in the research.
A. a-c-b-d-eB. a-c-e-d-bC. e-a-b-d-cD. e-a-d-c-b
29. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Enjying real artwrks is nly helpful t children.
B. The precuneus is a part f the brain abut languages.
C. Lking at real artwrks can bring peple rich feelings.
D. Pictures will cause strnger emtinal respnses than real artwrks.
30. The writer intrduces the research t ________.
A. ask peple t d mre research int art
B. advise peple t enjy artwrks in museums
C. help peple t recrd their brain activities better
D. get peple t knw mre abut famus artwrks
【答案】27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B
【语篇解读】本文主要通过一项研究来表明欣赏真正的艺术品会带给人们更强烈的情感反应，建议人们在博物馆欣赏艺术品。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The cmpany was trying t say that there were a lt f ther drinks, but nne f them was as gd as the “real” Cke.”及“yu can’t beat the real thing.”可知，通过第一段可口可乐的标语来引入“真实事物”的主题。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They invited 20 vlunteers t take part in it in the Mauritshuis Museum.”可知，研究人员邀请了20名志愿者参与研究，对应e；根据“Researchers shwed five real artwrks t them. While they were lking at the artwrks,a special machine recrded their brain(大脑) activities.”可知，志愿者欣赏了五件真正的艺术品并且机器记录了首次大脑活动，对应a与b；根据“Then these vlunteers needed t lk at the pictures f the same five artwrks as befre. ”可知，志愿者们看了相同五件艺术品的图片，对应d；根据“The researchers cmpared (比较) their brain activities when they were lking at the real artwrks and the pictures.”可知，研究人员比较了志愿者的脑部活动，对应c。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The real art caused a strng emtinal respnse in a part f the brain called the precuneus. This part f the brain is abut feelings and memries.”可知，真正的艺术在大脑中的一个名为楔前叶的部分引起了强烈的情感反应，带来丰富的感受。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“... said the research shwed the imprtance f museums fr peple f all ages...‘Museums can make peple have such rich feelings that everyne can get a lt frm them.’”可推知，作者通过介绍这项研究，建议人们欣赏博物馆真实的艺术品。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 (共55分)
(请将答案填写在答题卷上)
五、阅读还原(共5小题； 每小题1分，满分5分)
从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。
D yu knw “20 minutes fr parks”? It’s all abut the idea that spending just 20 minutes in a park each day can help yu becme healthier and happier.
____31____ Huang Bingbing living in Shenzhen is ne f them. She began visiting the small park near her wrking place during her weekday lunch breaks three years ag. On the grass, she can be clser t living plants and animals. It helps her clear the mind and take a rest frm wrk.
Huang believes parks are like yur wn secret hiding place. She thinks herself a quiet persn. ____32____ She enjys spending time alne in parks withut wrrying abut anything.
Parks are als shared spaces. ____33____ “Parks help peple find jy withut pening their wallets,” Liu Xie, a yung stage designer explained. At the same time, parks are public (公共的) spaces as well. Cheng Yuyan, 25, the starter f the “We Lve Strlling in the Park” grup n Duban, nticed smething interesting during her visits t parks in Japan. ____34____ Lcal peple gave them t the parks fr free. Als, many parks ffer guidebks describing the histry, gegraphy and blming schedules (花开时间表) f the plants inside. After her trip t Japan, Cheng plans t ask members f her Duban grup t take n similar respnsibilities (责任). “____35____ I hpe this grup will shw mre scial respnsibilities,” she said.
A. They’re different frm shpping malls and cinemas.
B. She likes t walk, bat and chat with friends in parks.
C. Everyne can d smething fr the parks and the city.
D. There are park benches with peple’s names n them.
E. The gvernment plans t build mre parks in the future.
F. S the park is an excellent relaxing place fr peple like her.
G. Nwadays, yung peple in China chse t visit parks mre ften.
【答案】31. G 32. F 33. A 34. D 35. C
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了“20分钟公园”的概念，即每天只需在公园里待20分钟就可以帮助人们变得更健康、更快乐。并通过几个例子说明了公园对人们生活的积极影响。
【31题详解】
根据后文“Huang Bingbing living in Shenzhen is ne f them. She began visiting the small park near her wrking place during her weekday lunch breaks three years ag.”可知，现在有很多年轻人选择去公园，所以选项G“如今，中国的年轻人选择更频繁地去公园”符合语境。故选G。
【32题详解】
根据前文“Huang believes parks are like yur wn secret hiding place. She thinks herself a quiet persn.”可知，公园对于像她这样安静的人来说是一个很好的放松地方，所以选项F“所以公园对于像她这样的人来说是个很好的放松的地方”符合语境。故选F。
【33题详解】
根据后文“ ‘Parks help peple find jy withut pening their wallets,’ Liu Xie, a yung stage designer explained.”可知，公园与购物中心和电影院等消费场所不同，所以选项A“它们与购物中心和电影院不同”符合语境。故选A。
【34题详解】
根据后文“Lcal peple gave them t the parks fr free.”可知，当地人免费把它们捐赠给公园。因此应该是在说公园里有一些东西，所以选项D“有刻着人们名字的公园长椅”符合语境。故选D。
【35题详解】
根据后文“I hpe this grup will shw mre scial respnsibilities,”可知，每个人都可以为公园和城市做些什么，所以选项C“每个人都可以为公园和城市做些事情”符合语境。故选C。
六、词汇填空(共5小题； 每小题1分，满分5分)
根据括号中所给的汉语或音标写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
36. The firefighters culdn’t see peple ________ (清晰地) because f heavy smke.
【答案】clearly
【解析】句意：由于浓烟滚滚，消防队员看不清人群。根据中文提示可知，clearly“清晰地”，副词，此处修饰动词see，故填clearly。
37. If the baby desn’t like the ty, he will ________ (摇动) his head frm side t side.
【答案】shake
【解析】句意：如果婴儿不喜欢这个玩具，他就会左右摇头。根据中文提示，shake“摇动”符合题意，will接动词原形。故填shake。
38. Hld a piece f tissue ver yur muth and nse when yu ________ (/kɒf/), and then clean yur hands.
【答案】cugh
【解析】句意：咳嗽时用纸巾捂住口鼻，然后洗手。根据音标提示，cugh“咳嗽”符合题意，为动词。故填cugh。
39. AI ffers us ________ (支持) and advice, but we shuldn’t lse the ability t think n ur wn.
【答案】supprt
【解析】句意：人工智能为我们提供支持和建议，但我们不应该失去独立思考的能力。supprt“支持”，为不可数名词。故填supprt。
40. Red-crwned cranes face ________ (严重的) prblems in the wild because f less and less living space.
【答案】serius
【解析】句意：由于生存空间越来越小，丹顶鹤在野外面临严重问题。“严重的”用serius，形容词，修饰名词prblems，作定语。故填serius。
七、短文填空(共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over the years, mvies and bks have used trnades a lt in their stries. ____41____ trnad can be very dangerus. It usually has wind speeds (速度) ver 300 miles per hur, and ____42____ (travel) ver 50 miles befre ending. Mst trnades last fr less than 10 minutes, but larger nes usually last arund 30 minutes. ____43____ (sad), trnades kill abut 60 peple every year in America.
Scientists can’t g inside trnades. That means trnades are very hard t study. As a result, it is still ____44____ (certain) hw trnades frm (形成) and die. ____45____ (tell) hw strng a trnad is, scientists lk at hw much damage (损坏) it causes and shw the levels n the EF-Scale (分级) ____46____ EFO t EF5. Fr example, if a trnad nly damages trees, it will be at the level f EFO, while a trnad at ____47____(strng) level f EF5 blws away buildings with wind speeds ver 300 miles per hur.
____48____ trnades can happen very quickly, make sure yu knw what t d when facing them. When yu find ____49____ (yu) meeting a trnad, calm dwn and try t find a safe place inside. Put yur hands ver the back f yur head fr ____50____ (prtect). Als, stay away frm windws and heavy things, r they may fall n yu.
【答案】41. A 42. travels
43. Sadly 44. uncertain
45. T tell
46. frm 47. the strngest
48. Since 49. yurself
50. prtectin
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了龙卷风的相关信息以及如何保护自己。
【41题详解】
句意：龙卷风可能非常危险。根据“trnad”可知，用不定冠词修饰单数可数名词，表示泛指，句首首字母大写，故填A 。
【42题详解】
句意：风速通常超过每小时 300 英里，并在结束前行驶超过 50 英里。根据“It usually has wind speeds (速度) ver 300 miles per hur”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语为“it”，需要使用动词的第三人称单数形式“travels”。故填travels。
【43题详解】
句意：可悲的是，龙卷风每年在美国造成约 60 人死亡。根据“trnades kill abut 60 peple every year in America.”可知，副词修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写，故填Sadly。
【44题详解】
句意：因此，龙卷风如何形成和消亡仍不确定。根据“hw trnades frm (形成) and die.”可知，尚不确定如何形成，故填uncertain。
【45题详解】
句意：为了判断龙卷风的强度，科学家们会观察它造成的损害程度，并在 EF 等级上显示从 EFO 到 EF5 的级别。根据“hw strng a trnad is”可知，此处不定式动词作目的状语，句首首字母大写，故填T tell。
【46题详解】
句意：为了判断龙卷风的强度，科学家们会观察它造成的损害程度，并在 EF 等级上显示从 EFO 到 EF5 的级别。根据“EFO t EF5”可知，EF-Scale从EFO到EF5的范围，“从……到……”，故填frm。
【47题详解】
句意：例如，如果龙卷风仅损坏树木，则其级别为 EFO，而最强 EF5 级别的龙卷风会以超过 300 英里/小时的风速吹走建筑物。根据“EF5”可知，达到最高级，此处用最高级，the strngest符合句意，故填the strngest。
【48题详解】
句意：由于龙卷风发生得非常快，因此请确保您知道面对龙卷风时该怎么做。根据“trnades can happen very quickly,”可知，前因后果的关系，since符合句意，句首首字母大写，故填Since。
【49题详解】
句意：当您发现自己遇到龙卷风时，请冷静下来并尝试在内部找到一个安全的地方。根据“When yu find”可知，发现自己遇到龙卷风，反身代词“yurself”与先行主语“yu”一致。故填yurself。
【50题详解】
句意：将双手放在脑后进行保护。根据“fr”可知，名词作宾语，故填prtectin。
八、阅读表达(共5小题； 每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文并回答问题。(注意：每题不超过10个词)
When yu think f winter, which wrd cmes t yur mind? Cld? Dark? Snw? Ice? When the weather turns terrible, we can stay in warm huses and enjy nice fd, but wild animals may nt have this fun. S hw d animals spend the lng cld winter mnths?
Sme animals make jurneys t warmer places nce a year. We call this migratin. They smetimes travel thusands f miles by land, air, r sea t reach their winter hme. Small mnarch butterflies travel frm all ver the cuntry t spend their winters in Mexic. Caribus (北美驯鹿) have ne f the lngest land migratins, travelling ver 2,000 miles! But nt all migratins are as lng as the examples. Sme birds make shrter migratins frm high muntains t lwer lands t find better places with less snw and mre fd. This type f migratin is abut changes in height.
If winter makes yu want t sleep, yu’re nt alne. Sme animals hibernate fr part r all f the winter. This is a special, very deep sleep. There are a few different types f hibernatin. Fr example, a bear will eat a lt f fd t build up fat reserves. During hibernatin, its bdy temperature drps, and its heart beats mre slwly. A bear’s heartbeat may drp frm arund 55 beats per minute t just 9 beats. The bear can sleep fr mnths withut eating r drinking, using its fat fr energy.
Instead f ging t warmer places r sleeping thrugh the winter, sme animals spend the winter by changing bdies with seasns. Sme animals may grw a thicker and warmer winter cat. Sme ther animals change the clur f their fur. Fr example, the snwshe rabbits are usually brwn in summer, but they change the clur f their fur int the clur f snw in winter fr better hiding.
What abut yu? Will yur mind, bdy r actin change in the wintertime? D yu g t a warmer place fr hliday r just stay at yur cmfrtable hme? Or maybe yu really enjy taking part in sme utdr activities in winter. N matter hw yu like t spend the winter, spring is just arund the crner.
51. Hw far d caribus travel t spend the winter?
________________________________________
52. Why d sme birds migrate t lwer lands?
________________________________________
53. When a bear hibernates, what changes happen t its bdy?
________________________________________
54. What clurs are snwshe rabbits in different seasns?
________________________________________
55. Will yu spend winter staying at hme r ging utside t have fun? Why? (此题不限制词数)
________________________________________
【答案】51. Over 2,000 miles.
52. Fr better places with less snw and mre fd.
53. Bdy temperature drps and heartbeat slws.
54. Brwn in summer and white in winter.
55. I will stay at hme because it’s warm and cmfrtable. (开放性试题，言之有理即可)
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了动物们如何通过迁徙、冬眠和身体适应等方式度过寒冷的冬季。
【51题详解】
根据“Caribus (北美驯鹿) have ne f the lngest land migratins, travelling ver 2,000 miles!”可知，北美驯鹿为了过冬会迁徙2000多英里。故填Over 2,000 miles.
【52题详解】
根据“Sme birds make shrter migratins frm high muntains t lwer lands t find better places with less snw and mre fd.”可知，鸟类飞到低地是为了寻找雪更少、食物更多的地方。故填Fr better places with less snw and mre fd.
【53题详解】
根据“During hibernatin, its bdy temperature drps, and its heart beats mre slwly.”可知，熊在冬眠期间，它的体温下降，心脏跳动更慢。故填Bdy temperature drps and heartbeat slws.
【54题详解】
根据“Fr example, the snwshe rabbits are usually brwn in summer, but they change the clur f their fur int the clur f snw in winter fr better hiding.”可知，雪兔在夏天是棕色的，冬天是白色的。故填Brwn in summer and white in winter.
【55题详解】
开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案为I will stay at hme because it’s warm and cmfrtable.
九、首字母填空 (共10小题； 每小题1分，满分10分)
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
When winter cmes, I can always remember the winter-fun I had every year. In my memry, the cld air was f____56____ with the cheerful sunds f peple playing n the frzen lake, and the sky mixed with the muntains far away.
The Summer Palace, built in the Qing dynasty, is nw pen t visitrs. It is a ppular park in Beijing, e____57____ during winter. Peple may nt see beautiful flwers in winter, but they can enjy themselves playing n the ice there. Fr example, thick ice c____58____ the whle Kunming Lake in sunlight. That makes Kunming Lake becme an excellent n____59____ ice rink (溜冰场). Peple had a lt f fun n Kunming Lake. While playing with my dad n ice sleds (雪橇), I saw a grup f peple putting sme sleds tgether int a lng line. Hw e____60____ it was t feel the cld wind while flying n an ice sled n the grunds f the Summer Palace!
In the past, during the lng cld winters, peple used ice sleds as a frm f transprt (交通方式) t g a____61____ frzen lakes and rivers t get t the ther side. My grandparents and parents were als able t play n the ice when they were children. I talked t my grandfather abut his experiences playing with ice sleds during his childhd. This is w____62____ he said, “In winter, my friends and I wuld g t a frzen lake. We fund sme t____63____ and materials t make sleds. We used metal (金属的) sticks t m____64____ the ice sleds arund. We gt n the sleds and put the metal sticks int the ice t push the sleds frward. We wuld als have c____65____ with each ther t see wh was faster.”
Thrugh winter sprts, I can experience Beijing in a special way while exercising and laughing.
【答案】56. (f)illed
57. (e)specially
58. (c)vers
59. (n)atural
60. (e)xciting
61. (a)crss
62. (w)hat 63. (t)ls
64. (m)ve 65. (c)mpetitins
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了作者在北京度过冬天的快乐回忆。
【56题详解】
句意：在我的记忆里，寒冷的空气中弥漫着人们在冰冻的湖面上玩耍的欢快声音，天空与远处的山脉交织在一起。根据“the cheerful sunds f peple”和首字母提示可知，空气中充满笑声。be filled with“充满”。故填(f)illed。
【57题详解】
句意：它是北京一个受欢迎的公园，尤其是在冬天。根据“but they can enjy themselves playing n the ice there”和首字母提示可知，此处指颐和园在冬天尤其受欢迎。especially“尤其”，副词，作状语。故填(e)specially。
【58题详解】
句意：例如，在阳光下，厚厚的冰层覆盖着整个昆明湖。根据“That makes Kunming Lake”可知，此句时态为一般现在时。空处位于第三人称单数主语ice后，填动词三单形式作谓语。根据“they can enjy themselves playing n the ice there.”和首字母提示可知，冰覆盖昆明湖。cver“覆盖”，动词，其三单形式为cvers。故填(c)vers。
【59题详解】
句意：这使得昆明湖成为一个绝佳的天然溜冰场。空处位于名词短语ice rink前，填形容词作定语。根据“thick ice cvers the whle Kunming Lake in sunlight.”和首字母提示可知，昆明湖在冬天就是天然的溜冰场。natural“天然的”，形容词。故填(n)atural。
【60题详解】
句意：在颐和园里坐着冰橇飞驰，感受着寒风，是多么令人兴奋啊！此句为“Hw+形容词+主语+谓语!”结构的感叹句。空处填形容词，且修饰坐着冰橇飞驰这件事。根据“feel the cld wind while flying n an ice sled n the grunds f the Summer Palace”和首字母提示可知，此处指这件事是令人兴奋的。exciting“令人兴奋的”，形容词，修饰物。故填(e)xciting。
【61题详解】
句意：过去，在漫长寒冷的冬季，人们使用冰橇作为交通工具穿过冰冻的湖泊和河流到达对岸。根据“get t the ther side.”和首字母提示可知，此处指穿过湖泊。acrss“从表面穿过”，介词，g acrss“横穿”。故填(a)crss。
【62题详解】
句意：这是他说的：“冬天，我和朋友们会去一个冰冻的湖边。”根据“In winter, my friends and I wuld g t a frzen lake.”和首字母提示可知，此处指他的话。用疑问代词what“什么”来指代，what在从句中作said的宾语。故填(w)hat。
【63题详解】
句意：我们找到了一些制作雪橇的工具和材料。空处与materials为并列关系，填名词。根据“t make sleds”和首字母提示可知，此处指找到了工具。tl“工具”，可数名词，前无冠词，用复数形式的tls表示泛指。故填(t)ls。
【64题详解】
句意：我们用金属棍来到处移动冰橇。use sth t d“使用某物做某事”，空处填动词原形。根据“We gt n the sleds and put the metal sticks int the ice t push the sleds frward.”和首字母提示可知，此处指移动。mve“移动”，动词。故填(m)ve。
【65题详解】
句意：我们还会互相比赛，看彼此谁更快。空处位于动词have后，填名词作宾语。根据“t see wh was faster”和首字母提示可知，此处指会进行比赛。cmpetitin“竞赛，比赛”，可数名词，前无冠词修饰，用复数形式的cmpetitins表示泛指。故填(c)mpetitins。
十、书面表达(满分15分)
66. 4月20-26日是江苏省爱鸟周，你校学生会号召同学们利用周末时间进行户外观鸟活动。假如你是学生会主席，请你用英语撰写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
(1) 推荐并介绍南京一处观鸟之地(可参考下图)；
(2) 说明观鸟过程中的注意事项；
(3) 阐释观鸟活动的意义。
要求：
1.内容涵盖所有要点，可适当拓展，全文连贯通顺。
2.文中不得提及个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
3.词数 80 左右。
Hell, everyne! Spring is a gd time t g birdwatching. Let’s g utdrs and watch the birds at weekends. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Birdwatching is great. I hpe all the students can take part in the activity!
【答案】参考例文
Hell, everyne! Spring is a gd time t g birdwatching. Let’s g utdrs and watch the birds at weekends. Xuanwu Lake is a great place fr birdwatching in Nanjing. There are varius kinds f birds. Yu can see them flying freely amng the trees and ver the water.
When birdwatching, please keep quiet and dn’t make any nise t disturb the birds. Als, dn’t get t clse t their nests.
Birdwatching can help us learn mre abut birds and nature. It als allws us t enjy the beauty f the utdrs and relax urselves. Birdwatching is great. I hpe all the students can take part in the activity!