2024-2025学年江西省景德镇市高二上学期1月期末英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2024-2025学年江西省景德镇市高二上学期1月期末英语试卷（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
It is that time f the year, when a handful f wrld’s leading schlars, scial activists and researchers are rewarded with what is ften cited as the mst prestigius acknwledgement f human effrt-the Nbel Prize. Here’s a lk at wh has wn the prize and fr what.
Physilgy r Medicine
Swedish geneticist Svante Peab wn the first Nbel f the year, fr starting the field f ancient DNA studies. He is well-knwn fr extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA frm Neanderthal bnes.
Physics
Alain Aspect, Jhn F. Clauser and Antn Zeilinger’s wrk in quantum (量子) technlgy landed them the secnd Nbel Prize annunced in 2022. Althugh Aspect is frm France, Clauser frm the U. S, and Zeilinger frm Austria, the three separately perfrmed “grundbreaking experiments” as ne team. “Their results have cleared the way fr new technlgy,” the cmmittee stated.
Chemistry
The Nbel Prize fr chemistry went t anther tri, Carlyn R. Bertzzi frm the U. S., Mrten Meldal frm Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless frm the U. S. “fr the develpment f click chemistry and birthgnal chemistry,” the cmmittee stated. Dr. Bertzzi is the eighth wman chemist t be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist t be awarded tw Nbel Prizes.
Ecnmics
The Prize in Ecnmic Sciences was awarded t three American ecnmists, Ben S. Bernanke, Duglas W. Diamnd and Philip H. Dybvig “fr research n banks and financial crises,” the Nbel Prize cmmittee annunced n Mnday. By studying the histry f American ecnmics, particularly the Great Depressin f the 1930s, they imprved hw we understand the rle f banks during times f hardship and the bank’s impact n scietal functins.
1. What prize is related t the research with bnes?
A. Chemistry.B. Physilgy.C. Ecnmics.D. Physics.
2. Fr what reasn were Ben S. Bernanke, Duglas W. Diamnd, and Philip H. Dybvig awarded the Prize in Ecnmic Sciences?
A. Fr their wrk in ancient DNA studies
B. Fr their wrk in quantum technlgy
C. Fr their research n banks and financial crises
D. Fr the develpment f click chemistry
3. What can be inferred frm the article abut the Nbel Prizes?
A. All winners are frm the same cuntry.
B. The Nbel Prizes are nly awarded t individuals, nt teams.
C. The Nbel Prize in Ecnmic Sciences is nt as prestigius as the thers.
D. The Nbel Prizes recgnize significant cntributins acrss varius fields.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项诺贝尔奖的获得情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Physilgy r Medicine中“He is well-knwn fr extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA frm Neanderthal bnes.(他以从尼安德特人的骨头中提取、测序和分析古代DNA而闻名)”可知，生理学奖项与骨骼研究有关。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The Prize in Ecnmic Sciences was awarded t three American ecnmists, Ben S. Bernanke, Duglas W. Diamnd and Philip H. Dybvig “fr research n banks and financial crises,” the Nbel Prize cmmittee annunced n Mnday.(诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，经济科学奖授予了三名美国经济学家，分别是Ben S. Bernanke、Duglas W. Diamnd和Philip H. Dybvig，以表彰他们“对银行和金融危机的研究”)”可知，Ben S. Bernanke, Duglas W. Diamnd和Philip H. Dybvig凭关于银行和金融危机研究获奖。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“It is that time f the year, when a handful f wrld’s leading schlars, scial activists and researchers are rewarded with what is ften cited as the mst prestigius acknwledgement f human effrt-the Nbel Prize.(每年的这个时候，少数世界顶尖的学者、社会活动家和研究人员都会获得诺贝尔奖，这通常被认为是对人类努力的最负盛名的认可)”可知，诺贝尔奖用于表彰各个领域的重大贡献。故选D。
B
On a sunny afternn during my trip t Singapre, a simple yet impactful event unflded that has left a lasting impressin n me. I was enjying a strll thrugh the bustling streets, sipping n a refreshing milk drink. As I finished the last drp, I lked arund fr a trash bin t dispse f the empty cartn. Sptting a rw f bins, I casually tssed the cartn int ne, assuming it was the right place fr it.
Hwever, my actin was nt as envirnmentally cnscius as I had thught. A lcal Singaprean, nticing my mistake, apprached with a plite smile. He bent dwn, retrieved the cartn I had discarded, and placed it int a different bin. I std there, slightly embarrassed, as he explained with a kind gesture that I had mistakenly thrwn it int the bin fr nn-recyclable waste.
This small act was a pwerful lessn in envirnmental awareness and the imprtance f fllwing lcal recycling practices. It was a humbling mment, realizing that in a city-state knwn fr its cleanliness and rder, every individual plays a part in maintaining its pristine envirnment. The man’s actin was nt a sclding but a quiet demnstratin f civic respnsibility and respect fr the envirnment.
This encunter in Singapre was mre than just a lessn in recycling; it was a turning pint fr me. It inspired me t be mre aware, mre respnsible, and mre respectful in my travels. It was a small act that left a big impressin, and it will frever be a part f my jurney twards being a mre cnscientius glbal citizen.
4. What did the authr d with the milk cartn initially?
A. He recycled it crrectly.B. He kept it as a suvenir.
C. He threw it int the wrng trash bin.D. He gave it t the Singaprean man.
5. Hw did the Singaprean man react when he saw the authr’s mistake?
A. He sclded the authr sftly.B. He ignred the authr’s mistake.
C. He laughed at the authr’s mistake.D. He plitely crrected the authr’s mistake.
6. What des “civic respnsibility” refer t in the passage?
A. The respnsibility t travel.B. The respnsibility t drink milk.
C. The respnsibility t scld thers.D. The respnsibility t keep the city clean.
7. Hw did the authr feel after this incident?
A. The authr was inspired t be mre envirnmentally cnscius and respnsible in his actins.
B. The authr felt embarrassed and decided t avid visiting Singapre again.
C. The authr became mre aware f the imprtance f fllwing lcal custms in every cuntry.
D. The authr decided t fcus n enjying his travels withut wrrying abut envirnmental issues.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一次新加坡之行中，无意将牛奶盒扔错了垃圾桶，一位新加坡男子礼貌地纠正了作者的错误。这件事激励作者在旅行中更有意识、更负责任、更尊重他人。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As I finished the last drp, I lked arund fr a trash bin t dispse f the empty cartn. Sptting a rw f bins, I casually tssed the cartn int ne, assuming it was the right place fr it.(当我喝完最后一滴时，我环顾四周，寻找一个垃圾桶来处理空纸盒。看到一排箱子，我随手把纸盒扔进一个箱子里，以为那是放纸盒的合适地方)”以及第二段“Hwever, my actin was nt as envirnmentally cnscius as I had thught. A lcal Singaprean, nticing my mistake, apprached with a plite smile.(然而，我的行为并不像我想象的那样具有环保意识。一位当地的新加坡人注意到我的错误，礼貌地微笑着走过来)”可知，作者最初把牛奶盒扔错了垃圾桶。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A lcal Singaprean, nticing my mistake, apprached with a plite smile. He bent dwn, retrieved the cartn I had discarded, and placed it int a different bin. I std there, slightly embarrassed, as he explained with a kind gesture that I had mistakenly thrwn it int the bin fr nn-recyclable waste.(一位当地的新加坡人注意到我的错误，礼貌地微笑着走过来。他弯下腰，捡起我丢弃的纸盒，放进另一个箱子里。我站在那里，有点尴尬，他友好地解释说，我错把它扔进了不可回收垃圾的垃圾箱)”可知，当这位新加坡男子看到作者的错误时，他礼貌地纠正了作者的错误。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It was a humbling mment, realizing that in a city-state knwn fr its cleanliness and rder, every individual plays a part in maintaining its pristine envirnment. The man’s actin was nt a sclding but a quiet demnstratin f civic respnsibility and respect fr the envirnment.(这是一个令人羞愧的时刻，我意识到，在一个以清洁和秩序闻名的城邦，每个人都在维护其原始环境中发挥着作用。这名男子的行为不是责骂，而是一种公民责任和对环境的尊重的安静表现)”可知，文章中的“公民责任”指的是保持城市清洁的责任。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“It inspired me t be mre aware, mre respnsible, and mre respectful in my travels. It was a small act that left a big impressin, and it will frever be a part f my jurney twards being a mre cnscientius glbal citizen.(它激励我在旅行中更有意识、更负责任、更尊重他人。这是一个小小的举动，却给我留下了深刻的印象，它将永远成为我成为一个更有责任心的全球公民的一部分)”可知，事件发生后，作者受到启发，在他的行动中更有环保意识和责任感。故选A。
C
Rbt guide dgs may sn becme available t the 17 millin visually impaired peple in China thanks t researchers frm Nrthwestern Plytechnical University, wh achieved a breakthrugh using an artificial intelligence language mdel.
The AI guide dg can prvide assistance in life such as crssing streets, using elevatrs and guiding indr spaces withut having t be cnnected t the internet. It is a big step in explring the applicatin f invlved intelligence — an intelligent machine with a physical frm that can interact with the envirnment in real-time using sensrs t cnduct instructins r make decisins. The research makes it pssible t prvide better guidance services fr visually impaired peple, especially fr emtinal cmpaninship.
“Thugh in recent years there have been sme electrnic navigatin aids (导航助手), such as electrnic navigatin helmets, navigatin canes, and electrnic guide dgs, they cannt engage in cnversatins with peple r fully understand human instructins,” said Sun Zhe, an assciate prfessr at the university’s Schl f Artificial Intelligence, Optics and Electrnics, “They can nly perfrm tasks accrding t pre-designed prgrams. They are just cld machines. That’s nt enugh. Visually impaired peple face numerus challenges in daily life, including navigatin difficulties and pssible dangers, but smart guide dgs using the language mdel can ffer them mre cnvenient and safer guidance, effectively imprving their life quality.” Sun said.
The research team began develping the smart guide dg based n the AI mdel at the end f last mnth. Its findings have been published in the Cmmunicatins f the Chinese Cmputer Sciety. “The current results prve the pssibility f this apprach, but there is still sme way t g befre it can be put int practical applicatin,” Sun said. “We will put mre effrt int it and make it available fr thse in need as sn as pssible.”
8. What assistance can AI-guide dgs prvide?
A. Prvide real-time guidance in daily life.B. Make emtinal facial expressins.
C. Offer suggestins based n the internet.D. Replace yu t make big decisins.
9. What des the phrase “cld machines” refer t in the article?
A. Machines that are nt physically warm.
B. Machines that are utdated and ineffective.
C. Machines that are used in cld envirnments.
D. Machines that lack emtinal understanding and interactin.
10. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. The team has develped AI-guide dgs fr a lng time.
B. AI-guide dgs have nt been put int prductin yet.
C. Many scientists dubt the team’s research achievements.
D. There is a lack f funding fr the prject’s research.
11. What is the main fcus f the article?
A. The limitatins f current navigatin aids fr the visually impaired.
B. The develpment f AI guide dgs fr visually impaired individuals.
C. The emtinal challenges faced by visually impaired peple.
D. The advancements in artificial intelligence technlgy.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了西北工业大学研究人员利用人工智能模型开发智能导盲犬的突破，为视觉障碍者提供更安全、便捷的生活辅助及情感陪伴的可能性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“The AI guide dg can prvide assistance in life such as crssing streets, using elevatrs and guiding indr spaces withut having t be cnnected t the internet.(这种AI导盲犬可以在日常生活中提供帮助，比如过马路、使用电梯和引导室内行走，而且不需要连接互联网)” 可知，AI导盲犬可以在日常生活中提供实时指导。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中“They can nly perfrm tasks accrding t pre-designed prgrams.(它们只能根据预设计的程序执行任务)”可知，它们只能根据预先设计的程序执行任务，是“冷漠的机器”。这里的“cld machines”指的是缺乏情感理解和互动能力的机器。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““The current results prve the pssibility f this apprach, but there is still sme way t g befre it can be put int practical applicatin,” Sun said.(“目前的结果证明了这种方法的可能性，但要将其投入实际应用还有一段路要走，”孙说道)”表明尽管目前的研究成果证明了这种方法的可能性，但距离实际应用还有一段路要走。因此可以推断出AI导盲犬尚未投入生产。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容及文章第一段“Rbt guide dgs may sn becme available t the 17 millin visually impaired peple in China thanks t researchers frm Nrthwestern Plytechnical University, wh achieved a breakthrugh using an artificial intelligence language mdel.(得益于西北工业大学研究人员利用人工智能语言模型取得的突破，机器人导盲犬可能很快就会面向中国1700万视障人士提供服务)”可知，全文主要讨论了西北工业大学研究人员开发的一种基于人工智能的语言模型的智能导盲犬，旨在为视障人士提供更好的导航服务，并改善他们的生活质量。文章详细描述了这项技术的优点及其未来的发展潜力。因此，文章的主要焦点是关于为视障人士开发AI导盲犬。故选B。
D
New research has fund a link between the height f ceilings in exam halls and the perfrmance f students. While the shape f a rm can’t make yu smarter, the envirnments we’re in have an effect n us. The authrs f the study suggest that big and pen rms, with high ceilings, make it harder fr students t fcus n what’s in frnt f them.
A previus study frm sme f the same researchers, making use f brain mapping technlgy and virtual reality, had fund a relatinship between cgnitive ability and the perceived size f a persn’s surrundings. Here, the team wanted t d sme real-wrld testing.
“We were curius t apply ur lab findings t a real-wrld dataset and see if being in a large space while having t cncentrate n an imprtant task wuld result in a prer perfrmance,” says Isabella Bwer.
The study analyzed exam results frm 15,400 students ver eight years and acrss three campuses referencing their scres against what was expected based n the cursewrk they’ d previusly submitted.
In exam rms with high ceilings, students tended t underperfrm cmpared t thse taking exams in rms with a “standard” ceiling height, even after accunting fr age, gender, time, subject and prir exam experience — ther factrs ptentially affecting the results.
“The key pint is that large rms with high ceilings seem t disadvantage students and we need t understand what brain mechanisms (机制) are at play, and whether this affects all students t the same degree,” says Bwer.
Thse are questins that future research can find ut. It’s clear that envirnment matters — and that we might nt give students the best chance fr success by hlding exams in rms that aren’t custm-built fr the purpse.
“Examinatins have been a key part f ur educatin system fr ver 1,300 years, shaping students career paths and lives,” says Jaclyn Bradbent. “It’s crucial t recgnize the ptential impact f the physical envirnment n student perfrmance and make necessary adjustments t ensure all students have an equal pprtunity t succeed.”
12. Why did the researchers cnduct the study?
A. T prve that large rms have n effect n exam perfrmance.
B. T apply lab findings t a real-wrld dataset and see the impact.
C. T shw that standard ceiling height is the best fr exam rms.
D. T demnstrate that the physical envirnment has n influence n students.
13. What is future research expected t find ut?
A. Whether exam rms with high ceilings will disadvantage students.
B. Whether ther factrs culd ptentially affect the results f the study.
C. Whether students are equally affected in exam rms with high ceilings.
D. Whether brain mechanisms affect students in exam rms with high ceilings.
14. What is the authr’s view n the imprtance f the physical envirnment in exams?
A. It is crucial and can impact student perfrmance significantly.
B. It is imprtant but nly affects a few students.
C. It is nt imprtant as it des nt affect exam perfrmance.
D. It is imprtant but nly in the cntext f large, pen rms.
15. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr this passage?
A. The Impact f Rm Shape n Intelligence
B. The Rle f Physical Envirnment in Educatin
C. The Effect f Ceiling Height n Exam Perfrmance
D. The Imprtance f Brain Mechanisms in Exam Rms
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系，天花板很高的、宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““We were curius t apply ur lab findings t a real-wrld dataset and see if being in a large space while having t cncentrate n an imprtant task wuld result in a prer perfrmance,” says Isabella Bwer.(伊莎贝拉·鲍尔说：“我们很好奇，想把我们的实验室的发现应用到现实世界的数据集，看看在一个大空间里，同时必须专注于一项重要任务，是否会导致表现变差。”)”可知，研究人员进行这项研究是为了将实验室的发现应用于真实世界的数据集，并观察其影响。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The key pint is that large rms with high ceilings seem t disadvantage students and we need t understand what brain mechanisms (机制) are at play, and whether this affects all students t the same degree(关键是，高天花板的大房间似乎对学生不利，我们需要了解是什么大脑机制在起作用，以及这对所有学生的影响程度是否相同)”以及倒数第二段“Thse are questins that future research can find ut.(这些都是未来研究可以发现的问题)”可知，未来的研究有望发现学生在天花板很高的考场是否同样受到影响。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It’s clear that envirnment matters — and that we might nt give students the best chance fr success by hlding exams in rms that aren’t custm-built fr the purpse.(很明显，环境很重要——如果我们在不是专门为考试而建的教室里举行考试，我们可能不会给学生最好的成功机会)”可知，作者认为物理环境在考试中至关重要，可以显著影响学生的表现。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“New research has fund a link between the height f ceilings in exam halls and the perfrmance f students.(一项新研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现有关)”结合文章主要介绍新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。可知，C选项“天花板高度对考试成绩的影响”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5 小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有项为多余选项。
Making gd eye cntact is a surprisingly difficult yet imprtant part f gd cmmunicatin skills. If yu want t imprve yur ability t lk peple in the eye, yu can practice making eye cntact n yur wn t give the right impressin in cnversatins. ___16___
Try t relax as much as pssible. The mre yu think abut what yu’re ding, the mre awkward yu’ll feel. Yur nervusness can then be misinterpreted as dishnesty. ___17___ If yu’re ging int an imprtant meeting r interview, d sme breathing exercises. A few big, full, deep breaths can d a lt t calm yu dwn.
___18___ It’s actually physically smewhat difficult t keep yur eyes lcked n bth f anther persn’s eyes. It’s mre cmmn t fcus n ne, r n a spt n the face, rather than trying t lk at bth eyes at nce. If it helps, try mving back and frth between the tw eyes.
Break yur gaze (凝视) t make ther gestures while listening. ___19___ This lks natural as well as prviding yu with a needed break if necessary.
Try t keep yur eyes fcused while yu talk as well as listen. It’s ne thing t lk while yu’re listening. ___20___ Dn’t be afraid if yu have t break yur gaze ccasinally, but try t keep yur face and eyes frward and up as yu’re talking.
A. Fcus n ne eye.
B. Practice ther gd listening skills.
C. S staying relaxed is f particular imprtance.
D. Try t keep yur eyes pen as much as pssible.
E. Ding s can make yu a better listener and a mre effective speaker.
F. It’s gd t break eye cntact when yu’re laughing, r t nd and smile.
G. But it’s mre difficult t keep eye cntact while yu’re als trying t say smething.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在交流中做好眼神交流，包括放松自己、专注于一只眼睛、在倾听时移开视线以及说话和倾听时都要尽量保持眼神专注等技巧。
【16题详解】
由上文“Making gd eye cntact is a surprisingly difficult yet imprtant part f gd cmmunicatin skills. If yu want t imprve yur ability t lk peple in the eye, yu can practice making eye cntact n yur wn t give the right impressin in cnversatins. (良好的眼神交流是良好沟通技巧中非常困难却又重要的一部分。如果你想提高与人对视的能力，你可以自己练习眼神交流，以便在对话中给人留下正确的印象。)”可知，本空要说跟“练习眼神交流的好处”有关的话题，故E选项“Ding s can make yu a better listener and a mre effective speaker. (这样做可以让你成为一个更好的倾听者和更有效的演讲者)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
【17题详解】
由上文“Try t relax as much as pssible. The mre yu think abut what yu’re ding, the mre awkward yu’ll feel. Yur nervusness can then be misinterpreted as dishnesty. (尽量放松。你越想自己在做什么，你就会觉得越尴尬。你的紧张可能会被误解为不诚实。)”可知，本空应谈论“不要紧张，要放松”有关的话题，故C选项“S staying relaxed is f particular imprtance. (因此，保持放松尤为重要。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
由下文“It’s actually physically smewhat difficult t keep yur eyes lcked n bth f anther persn’s eyes. It’s mre cmmn t fcus n ne, r n a spt n the face, rather than trying t lk at bth eyes at nce. If it helps, try mving back and frth between the tw eyes. (实际上，从生理上讲，你很难同时盯着另一个人的眼睛。更常见的做法是盯着一只眼睛，或者盯着脸上的某个地方，而不是同时盯着两只眼睛。如果有帮助的话，试着在两只眼睛之间来回移动。)”可知，本空应谈论与“专注于一只眼睛”有关的话题，故A选项“Fcus n ne eye. (专注于一只眼睛。)”能引起下文，符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
由上文“Break yur gaze (凝视) t make ther gestures while listening. (在倾听的时候，把目光移开，做出其他手势。)”可知，本空应谈论与“把目光移开，做出其他手势”有关的话题，故F选项“It’s gd t break eye cntact when yu’re laughing, r t nd and smile. (当你笑的时候，或者点头微笑的时候，移开视线是好的)”能承接上文，符合语境，该选项中的“break eye cntact”与上文“Break yur gaze”相呼应。故选F。
【20题详解】
由上文“Try t keep yur eyes fcused while yu talk as well as listen. It’s ne thing t lk while yu’re listening. (当你说话和听的时候，尽量让你的眼睛集中。)”可知，在说话和倾听时都要尽量保持眼神专注，且由下文“Dn’t be afraid if yu have t break yur gaze ccasinally, but try t keep yur face and eyes frward and up as yu’re talking. (如果你不得不偶尔打断你的目光，不要害怕，但在你说话的时候，试着让你的脸和眼睛向前和向上。)”可知，本空要谈论“保持眼神专注的困难”有关的话题，故G选项“But it’s mre difficult t keep eye cntact while yu’re als trying t say smething (但是当你也想说些什么的时候，保持眼神交流就更难了)”能承上启下，符合语境，该选项中的“keep eye cntact”与上文“keep yur eyes fcused”相呼应，且“mre difficult”与上文形成转折关系，突出了说话的同时保持眼神交流更难。故选G。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
SPACE, the final frntier, the stuff f dreams. Yet, in reality, a place that is filled with ___21___ and smetimes tragedy (悲剧). This time, its legendary tale is ___22___ by British astrnaut Tim Peake in his bk Space: The human stry.
It is abut the ___23___ experience and the “unusual nrmality f what we try and make ut ur jb t be——it’s ___24___ peple ding extrardinary jbs”, says Peake, ___25___ an ambassadr fr the Eurpean Space Agency.
The main image f ne pht included in this bk ___26___ the biggest feat (壮举) s far: the ___27___ mn landing n 20 July 1969. This is nt the representative ___28___ f Neil Armstrng’s first steps, ___29___ a mre candid picture (taken by Armstrng) f Buzz Aldrin walking acrss the lunar surface.
Fur days earlier, the Apll 11 missin ____30____ the mn, as a striking image f its launch shws. T its left, Ed White can be seen spacewalking during the Gemini 4 missin in June 1965, which saw him flating rughly 150 kilmeters ____31____ Earth. Ed White and astrnauts Gus Grissm and Rger Chaffe were set t crew the Apll 1 missin, a predecessr (前身) f Apll 11 that was ____32____ t launch int rbit arund Earth in February 1967. The image at tp left shws them during capsule training. ____33____, all three died n 27 January 1967, after a fire brke ut during a test.
Thinking f the ____34____, Peake says: “We’re lking at establishing a lunar statin and stepping stnes t Mars. As the ISS (Internatinal Space Statin) cmes t its retirement, it felt like the right time t ____35____ the whle stry up t date.”
21. A. gravityB. ptinsC. risksD. desire
22. A. frgttenB. nticedC. rememberedD. tld
23. A. rller casterB. rller skatingC. hnr rllD. rck&rll
24. A. attractiveB. ethnicC. rdinaryD. native
25. A. abslutelyB. currentlyC. definitelyD. typically
26. A. attachesB. cmplainsC. gathersD. features
27. A. fatalB. finalC. firstD. funny
28. A. scriptB. ceremnyC. elementD. sht
29. A. butB. therefreC. hweverD. therwise
30. A. hped frB. lnged frC. prvided frD. set ff fr
31. A. abveB. besidesC. asideD. behind
32. A. admittedB. chsenC. intendedD. pursued
33. A. UnusuallyB. UnfrtunatelyC. UnfairlyD. Uncertainly
34. A. futureB. cmpetitinsC. sceneryD. traditin
35. A. giveB. bringC. makeD. take
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英国宇航员Tim Peake在他的书籍Space: The human stry中，对太空探索的传奇故事进行了叙述。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在现实中，这个地方充满了风险，有时甚至是悲剧。A. gravity重力；B. ptins选择；C. risks风险；D. desire渴望。根据下文“and smetimes tragedy”可知，这个地方是充满风险的。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一次，英国宇航员Tim Peake在他的Space: The human stry一书中讲述了它的传奇故事。A. frgtten忘记；B. nticed注意到；C. remembered记得；D. tld讲述。根据上文“its legendary tale”和下文“by British astrnaut Tim Peake in his bk Space: The human stry”可知，英国宇航员Tim Peake讲述这个故事。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：目前担任Eurpean Space Agency大使的Peake说，这是一种过山车式的体验，“我们试图让自己的工作变得不寻常——普通人做着不平凡的工作。”A. rller caster过山车；B. rller skating滑旱冰；C. hnr rll荣誉榜；D. rck&rll摇滚。根据第一段“a place that is filled with risks and smetimes tragedy”可知，太空中风险很多，所以在太空中就像是坐过山车一样，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前担任Eurpean Space Agency大使的Peake说，这是一种过山车式的体验，“我们试图让自己的工作变得不寻常——普通人做着不平凡的工作。”A. attractive有吸引力的；B. ethnic民族的；C. rdinary普通的；D. native本地的。根据下文“peple ding extrardinary jbs”可知，此处是指普通人做不平凡的工作。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：目前担任Eurpean Space Agency大使的Peake说，这是一种过山车式的体验，“我们试图让自己的工作变得不寻常——普通人做着不平凡的工作。”A. abslutely绝对地，完全地；B. currently目前；C. definitely肯定地，当然；D. typically典型地。根据下文“an ambassadr fr the Eurpean Space Agency”可知，Peake目前是Eurpean Space Agency的大使。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书中包含的一张照片的主图像展示了迄今为止最伟大的壮举：1969年7月20日人类首次登月。A. attaches粘，贴；B. cmplains抱怨；C. gathers聚集；D. features特写。根据上文“The main image f ne pht”和下文“the biggest feat”可知，那张照片是对那次伟大壮举的特写。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本书中包含的一张照片的主图像展示了迄今为止最伟大的壮举：1969年7月20日人类首次登月。A. fatal致命的；B. final最后的；C. first第一次的；D. funny有趣的。根据下文“n 20 July 1969”和历史知识可知，1969年7月20日人类首次登月，空格处意为“第一次的”。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是Neil Armstrng迈出第一步的代表性照片，而是Buzz Aldrin在月球表面行走的一张更像是被偷拍的照片（由Neil Armstrng拍摄）。A. script剧本，讲稿；B. ceremny仪式，典礼；C. element元素；D. sht照片、镜头。根据上文“The main image f ne pht”可知，此处是说这不是Neil Armstrng迈出第一步的代表性照片。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查连词/副词词义辨析。句意：这不是Neil Armstrng迈出第一步的代表性照片，而是Buzz Aldrin在月球表面行走的一张更像是被偷拍的照片（由Neil Armstrng拍摄）。A. but但是；B. therefre因此；C. hwever然而；D. therwise否则。根据上文“f Neil Armstrng’s first steps”和下文“a mre candid picture (taken by Armstrng) f Buzz Aldrin walking acrss the lunar surface”可知，前后两句是转折关系，空格处用but。注意hwever虽表转折，但空后要有逗号，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：4天前，阿波罗11号登月任务出发了，这是一张引人注目的发射照片。A. hped fr希望；B. lnged fr渴望；C. prvided fr供养，赡养；D. set ff fr出发前往。根据上文“the Apll 11 missin”和下文“the mn”可知，阿波罗11号是出发前往月球。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在照片的左边，可以看到Ed White在1965年6月的双子座4号任务中进行太空行走，当时他漂浮在地球上空大约150公里处。A. abve在……上方；B. besides除……之外（还）；C. aside在旁边；D. behind在……后面。根据上文“Ed White can be seen spacewalking”可知，此处是指他在地球上方行走。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ed White和宇航员Gus Grissm和Rger Chaffe被安排参加阿波罗1号任务，这是阿波罗11号的前身，计划于1967年2月发射进入地球轨道。A. admitted承认；B. chsen选择；C. intended计划；D. pursued追求。根据下文“t launch int rbit arund Earth in February 1967”可知，阿波罗1号任务计划于1967年2月发射进入地球轨道。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，1967年1月27日，在一次试验过程中发生火灾后，这三人全部遇难。A. Unusually通常；B. Unfrtunately不幸的是；C. Unfairly不公平地；D. Uncertainly不确定地。根据下文“all three died n 27 January 1967”可知，三个都死了，这是不幸的事情。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到未来，Peake说：“我们正在考虑建立一个月球站，成为通往火星的垫脚石。随着国际空间站（ISS）即将退役，我觉得现在是时候把整个故事更新了。”A. future将来；B. cmpetitins竞争；C. scenery风景；D. traditin传统。根据下文“We’re lking at establishing a lunar statin and stepping stnes t Mars”可知，这是Peake对未来的展望，空格处意为“未来”。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：考虑到未来，Peake说：“我们正在考虑建立一个月球站，成为通往火星的垫脚石。随着国际空间站（ISS）即将退役，我觉得现在是时候把整个故事更新了。”A. give给；B. bring带来，使处于某种状况；C. make制作；D. take拿走。根据上文“We’re lking at establishing a lunar statin and stepping stnes t Mars”和下文“the whle stry up t date”可知，Peake的意思是现在是时候把整个故事更新了，bring sth. up t date是固定短语，意为“使某物更新”。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jingdezhen Cld Rice Ndles, ____36____ traditinal Han Chinese snack frm Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, is renwned fr its unique flavr and rbust appearance. Its rigins ____37____ (rt) in the city’s histry and culture deeply, dating back t the Qing Dynasty. Recrds frm that era mentin “fine fd” and “fine ceramics,” ____38____ (indicate) the lcals’ fcus n fd quality and taste.
The ndles are thicker and runder than cmmn rice ndles, prviding a chewy texture. They are ___39___ (typical) seasned with sesame il, chili sauce, spring nins, and range peel, creating a rich and unique flavr. In Jingdezhen, a day ften starts ____40____ a bwl f cld rice ndles, highlighting its imprtance in lcal cuisine.
Over time, Jingdezhen Cld Rice Ndles ____41____ (evlve). During the 1980s, a peak perid fr Jingdezhen’s prcelain industry, many factry wrkers cnsumed the ndles, cntributing t its ____42____ (ppular). Tday, lcal ndle businesses fcus n brand develpment, and yunger ____43____ (generatin) are taking ver family businesses, injecting fresh vitality int the develpment f cld rice ndles.
In ____44____ (cnclude), Jingdezhen Cld Rice Ndles are an integral part f the daily diet and culture f Jingdezhen, reflecting the lifestyle and dietary habits f its peple. _____45_____ their rigin and develpment mirrr is the city’s culinary evlutin and cultural heritage.
【答案】36. a 37. are rted 38. indicating 39. typically 40. with 41. have evlved 42. ppularity 43. generatins 44. cnclusin 45. What
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了江西景德镇的传统汉族小吃——景德镇冷粉的历史以及特点。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：景德镇冷粉是一种来自江西景德镇的传统汉族小吃，以其独特的风味和粗犷的外观而闻名。此处snack为泛指，且traditinal是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查短语和时态。句意：它的起源深深植根于这座城市的历史和文化，可以追溯到清朝。短语be rted in表示“植根于”，且陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为rigins，谓语用复数。故填are rted。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那个时代的记载提到了“精美的食物”和“精美的陶瓷”，表明当地人对食物质量和味道的关注。此处indicate与上文构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填indicating。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：它们通常用香油、辣椒酱、小葱和橙皮调味，创造出浓郁而独特的味道。修饰动词seasn(给……调味)用副词typically，故填typically。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：在景德镇，一天的开始通常是一碗冷米粉，这凸显了它在当地美食中的重要性。短语start with表示“以……开始”。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：随着时间的推移，景德镇冷粉不断演变。根据上文Over time可知为现在完成时，主语为Jingdezhen Cld Rice Ndles，助动词用have。故填have evlved。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：在20世纪80年代，景德镇瓷业的鼎盛时期，许多工厂工人都喜欢吃这种面条，这也促进了它的流行。作宾语，应用名词ppularity，不可数。故填ppularity。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：如今，当地的米粉企业注重品牌发展，年轻一代接手家族企业，为冷粉的发展注入了新鲜的活力。根据后文are可知用复数作主语。故填generatins。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：总之，景德镇冷粉是景德镇日常饮食文化的重要组成部分，反映了景德镇人的生活方式和饮食习惯。短语in cnclusin表示“总之”。故填cnclusin。
【45题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：它们的起源和发展反映了这座城市烹饪的演变和文化遗产。引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物用what，首字母大写。故填What。
第四部分：写作(共两节;满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周五下午你校开展了一次以“First Aid and Sprt”为主题的活动，请你给校英文报投稿介绍以下相关信息：
1．活动内容；2．活动感受。
注意：1．词数80左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
First Aid and Sprt
Last Friday afternn, ur schl held an event themed “First Aid and Sprt,” which was bth educatinal and engaging.
The event cvered essential first aid skills tailred fr sprts injuries, including hw t treat sprains, strains, and cncussins. Students actively participated in practical demnstratins and learned the imprtance f immediate care.
The event was a huge success, receiving us students’ high praise. It nt nly enhanced ur first aid knwledge but als prepared us t handle emergencies n the sprts field effectively.
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the tail end f the depressin (大萧条), and things were tugh. Mm had a hard time raising us kids n her wn in ur small cmmunity f New Westminster, BC. My dad had drwned in Pitt Lake five years earlier — I still remember it as if it were yesterday.
Lking back, I realize what Mm went thrugh sending us kids t schl. Every mrning she wuld put a new piece f cardbard in ur shes, because ur sles were wrn ut. Cnstant mving was typical fr my family in these times. Rent was twenty-five dllars a mnth, but Mm culdn’t pay it. These were hard and sad years, but we never cmplained.
Christmas was appraching, and we were entitled t a twenty-five dllar Christmas fund fr scial assistance. Mm said that instead f buying fd, she wuld use the mney t pay back rent. She tld us then there wuld be nthing fr Christmas.
Unknwn t Mm, I had been selling Christmas trees t earn enugh mney t buy a new pair f bts. Bts with n cardbard in the sles. I knew exactly which bts I wanted. They had a price f twenty-three dllars.
Well, the big day came n the afternn f Christmas Eve. I was very excited, as I hurried up the rad t catch the bus. It was nly half a mile walk, but n the way I nticed a huse with Christmas lights and decratins. It was then that I realized that at ur huse, we had nthing fr Christmas. I knew then that we wuld have n turkey r ham fr Christmas, and I felt sad.
Suddenly, I was feeling a strange sense f guilt. Here I was ging t buy a new pair f bts while Mm was hme in tears. She wuld be trying t explain t us why there were n presents. I stpped. The bus drve ff withut me, and I std alne, but feeling as if a weight had been lifted ff my shulders. I changed my mind and I realized what I had t d.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右：
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Acrss the street was a big grcery stre called the Piggly Wiggley.
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Paragraph 2: I whispered fr bys t quietly unlad the grceries and pile them against the dr.
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【参考范文】
Acrss the street was a big grcery stre called the Piggly Wiggley. I went int the stre, brimming with happiness. I realized that the twenty-five dllars I had wrked s hard fr went a lng way fr grceries. I bught a turkey, ham and all the Christmas treats. I spent every dime f my hard-earned mney. The wner f the grcery stre said, “Sn, yu can’t pack all thse grceries and carry them hme yurself.” S I asked tw bys with carriers n their bicycles t run them the half- mile dwn t ur huse.
I whispered fr bys t quietly unlad the grceries and pile them against the dr. Once they had dne this, with great excitement, I kncked n the dr. I culd hardly wait t see my mther’s face! When Mm pened the dr, sme f the grceries fell inside, and she just std there dumbfunded. I cheered, “Merry Christmas! There really is a Santa Claus!” That day I gt enugh hugs frm Mm t last tw lifetimes. T see my mther’s prayers answered mre than made up fr the bts I never gt. It was a Merry Christmas fr us after all!