2025届广东省河源市高三毕业班调研模拟测试（二）英语试题

这是一份2025届广东省河源市高三毕业班调研模拟测试（二）英语试题，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Thank yu fr yur interest in The UCLA Health Vlunteen Summer Prgram. Once yu are accepted int the prgram, yu may begin yur vlunteering in the fllwing critical areas:
Wayfinding
Wayfinders are statined at hspital entrances and greet each visitr/patient alng with prviding wheelchair assistance. Wayfinders must be friendly and have gd cmmunicatin skills 2-hur shifts are available Mnday-Friday between 8:00 :00 p.m. Due t the standing nature f this psitin, 4 hurs will be rewarded fr 2 hurs f Wayfinding service.
Flaters
Flaters help deliver patient mail and newspapers. Assignments can change each shift depending n needs f the department, Vlunteers are assigned t the Vlunteer Office fr ne 4-hur shift per week Mnday-Friday between 9:00 :00 p.m.
Patient Transprt
Patient Transprt vlunteers are respnsible fr discharging patients and helping the patient transprt staff. This is a great pprtunity fr students t see all areas f the hspital and get clinical expsure. Shifts are available seven days a week anytime between 8:00 :00 p.m.
Applying t the Summer Vlunteen Prgram
Step 1: Sign up fr an Infrmatin Sessin n zm. Sign-ups are n a first cme, first serve basis.
Step 2: Submit all required applicatin frms nline fr review and apprval.
Step 3: Attend ne In-Persn Orientatin (培训). There is nly ne sessin, and we will nt have make-up sessins.
step 4: Cmplete 50 vlunteer hurs by August 31, 2025.
1．What can we learn abut Wayfinding?
A．Time bnus will be given.B．It is available n weekends.
C．Assignments change with needs.D．It trains vlunteers t find ways.
2．What is an advantage f Patient Transprt?
A．It ffers clinical training.B．It assists in treating patients.
C．It prvides flexible shifts.D．It helps shw patients arund.
3．What are applicants expected t d when applying fr the prgram?
A．Sign up as sn as pssible.B．Track vlunteer hurs.
C．Attend a make-up rientatin.D．Review applicatin frms.
Grwing up in Cyprus, Elena felt she was different frm ther girls — she was interested in bilgy. But it was a family tragedy that helped shape her determinatin t majr in medicine. “My parents lst their first child because he had Dwn’s syndrme. He passed away when I was abut seven years ld,” she says. “And I guess that’s always been playing n my mind and I gradually frmed the idea f studying medicine.”
At abut 14, she set her sights n studying medicine in the UK. “Despite being a student frm a freign cuntry, I achieved A-levels in all my subjects, cnsidered suitable fr medicine,” she says. Nw as a cnsultant surgen at ne f the busiest majr trauma (创伤) units in England, Elena has spken f her successful career and the challenges she has encuntered as a female dctr including smetimes having t remind patients suspicius f her that “I am the surgen”.
Elena’s main jb is wrking with the majr trauma team, but is als invlved in the team dealing with patients that have severe surgical issues. “When I’m a cnsultant, I have a psitin f respnsibility nt nly twards my patients, but als twards the team that I cperate with,” she says. Wrking hard, she has never experienced prejudice frm ther male surgens, wh shw great respect fr her.
Elena des nt shy away frm the fact that being a wman has smetimes felt like a disadvantage. “Find what yu lve ding day after day, because yur prfessinal career is a lng time, and it takes a lt — prbably like 20 r 30 years f yur life. Therefre, it’s f great significance t d what yu are fnd f and then just g fr it,” she says.
4．What inspired Elena t pursue a career in medicine?
A．A childhd incident.B．Her desire fr being different.
C．Her interest in bilgy.D．Encuragement frm her parents.
5．What was ne challenge Elena faced?
A．Gaining acceptance frm her patients.B．Achieving A-levels in her English studies.
C．Obtaining gd scres as a freign student.D．Reminding herself abut her being a dctr.
6．What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A．Respect frm ther surgens.B．Elena’s main respnsibilities.
C．Prejudice frm Elena’s patients.D．Medical staff’s devtin t the jb.
7．What is Elena’s advice n chsing a career?
A．Make a lng-term prfessinal plan.B．Knw yur strengths and weaknesses.
C．Fllw yur passin and determinatin.D．Understand yur career respnsibilities.
Plastic bttles and bags can be vaprized int chemical building blcks and turned int new plastics with all the prperties f riginal materials. There are hurdles (障碍) still t vercme, but the new prcess is a big step tward a truly circular ecnmy fr plastic.
Abut 5 billin tnnes f plastic has gne t landfill since the 1950s, and recycling effrts have nly tackled 9 percent f what we have prduced. With current techniques, plastics degrade in each recycling rund and end up in landfill after nly a few cycles f the prcess.
Jhn Hartwig at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and his clleagues had previusly develped a prcess that brke dwn waste plastic int its cnstituent parts, but it relied n the expensive metal catalysts (催化剂). Nw, his team has discvered an imprved prcess that wrks n bth plyethylene, frm which mst plastic bags are made, and plyprpylene, which is used t make harder bjects. And it relies nly n catalysts cnsidered s cmmn that they are essentially “dirt”, says Hartwig.
In experiments, the team used tw catalysts t turn a mixture f plyethylene and plyprpylene int riginal chemicals fr plastic with the efficiency f nearly 90 percent. Hwever, Hartwig warns that there are still many hurdles t vercme, and that the prcess has nly been tested in the presence f a small number f cmmn additives (添加物). “There will be additives that will affect the catalysts,” he says. This may mean having a way t separate thse additives r finding catalysts that are resistant t them.
Cressida Bwyer at the University f Prtsmuth, U.K., says that even if we have a prcess that can split waste plastic int cnstituent parts and withstand additives, ther issues remain. The degree f pisnusness and dispsal f the catalysts and additives must be cnsidered, she says. “These culd utweigh any perceived benefits f recycling technlgies. Recycling shuld nt be seen as any kind f slutin t maintaining r increasing prductin f single-use and unnecessary plastics and cntinuing the current prevailing take-make-waste culture,” she adds.
8．What des paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A．The harm plastic wastes d t humans.
B．The alarming speed f making plastic wastes.
C．The lw efficiency f current plastic recycling.
D．The pressing envirnmental pllutin by plastic wastes.
9．Which has the clsest meaning t the underlined wrd “dirt” in paragraph 3?
A．Materials quite essential.B．Materials easily accessible.
C．Materials abundant in plastics.D．Materials basic t the prducts.
10．What des Hartwig think f the imprved prcess?
A．It is nt fully prepared fr practical use.
B．It reduces the need fr single-use plastics.
C．It needs further research t develp new materials.
D．It can be applied t a limited number f cmmn plastics.
11．What can be inferred frm Cressida Bwyer’s wrds?
A．Recycling desn’t prduce any harmful substances and pisns.
B．Health and envirnmental pllutin shuld be the biggest cncern.
C．Recycling can be relied upn as a slutin t widespread use f plastics.
D．The imprved prcess is as beneficial and sustainable as it is thught.
Tp-dwn prcessing is the prcess f using cntext r general knwledge t understand what we perceive (感知). In 1970, psychlgist Richard Gregry intrduced the cncept. He claimed that perceptin is cnstructive.
The prcessing plays an imprtant rle in ur interactins with ur envirnment. Our five senses are cnstantly taking in infrmatin. At any given time, we are experiencing different sights, sunds, tastes, smells, and ways things feel when we tuch them. If we paid attentin t each ne f ur senses all the time, we’d never d anything else. It enables us t simplify the prcess by relying n cntext and ur pre-existing knwledge t understand what we ntice. If ur brains didn’t emply tp-dwn prcessing ur senses wuld verwhelm us.
Tp-dwn prcessing helps us understand what ur senses are perceiving in ur daily lives. Fr example, suppse yu receive an imprtant letter but a few drps f water have ruined part f the text. A few letters in different wrds are nw just smudges (污迹). Yet, yu’re still able t read the letter in its entirety using tp-dwn prcessing. Yu use the cntext f the wrds and sentences in which the smudges appear and yur knwledge f reading t cmprehend the meaning f the letter’s message. See a wrd LO*E, with ne letter kncked dwn, yet yu are still able t quickly recgnize the wrd as LOVE.
On the ne hand, tp-dwn prcessing serves a psitive functin by simplifying the way we cmprehend ur sensry perceptins. It enables us t shrtcut the cgnitive path between ur perceptins and their meaning. On the ther hand, patterns can als prevent us frm perceiving things in unique ways. S we may understand the pattern f hw t use a mbile phne, but if the manufacturer cmes ut with a new phne that emplys cmpletely unique interactin patterns, we may nt be able t figure ut hw t use it. Besides, as ur knwledge is limited and biased (片面的) in certain ways, it can lead t perceptual errrs.
12．What is the authr’s purpse in writing paragraph 2?
A．T explain main reasns.B．T give practical examples.
C．T draw specific cnclusins.D．T analyse theretical framewrks.
13．What maybe the key t understanding a text with missing letters?
A．Pre-existing knwledge.B．Active interactins.
C．Five physical senses.D．Lessns frm mistakes
14．What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A．Seeing is believing.B．Practice makes perfect.
C．Every cin has tw sides.D．Experience is the best teacher.
15．What des the authr intend t d accrding t the text?
A．Intrduce a reading methd.B．Deepen underlying meanings.
C．Illustrate a cgnitive strategy.D．Clarify a prducing prcess.
It’s well knwn that kids benefit frm eating dinner with their families. In fact, children wh spend this quality time with their parents d better in schl and have larger vcabularies. 16 But what yu may nt knw is that eating tgether as a family has benefits in ther aspects t.
Healthy eating can be prmted. When families eat tgether, they usually have healthier hme-cked meals and cnsume mre fruits and vegetables. 17 S they tend t give up destructive behavir and eat mre mindfully when their children are watching.
18 It has been fund that family meals may lead t scial benefits fr parents including thse wh have lwer levels f the symptms (症状) f depressin and stress. Parents wh eat with their children als say that they are mre likely t be in a gd md.
When parents and kids eat tgether, they are develping links. In ther wrds, they can build strnger cnnectins. They will turn ff the TV, put away their cell phnes and just have face-t-face cnversatins. Keep the cnversatins psitive and encurage kids t discuss their day. 19
Eating tgether helps pass n family traditin. 20 When teens grw up in hmes that have regular family meals, they are far mre likely t cpy that practice in their hmes. A study published in the Jurnal f Family Psychlgy shws the mre frequently a child eats family meals with his parents, the mre be eats with his wn children.
A．Scial skills can als be a key factr.
B．Eating tgether prfits parents’ mental health.
C．Plus, parents shuld keep listening mre ften.
D．Parents want t be a mdel f gd eating habits.
E．Eating as a family hands dwn gd parenting skills.
F．The mre the family cmmunicate, the better their relatinship.
G．They als have lwer rates f anxiety and manage emtins mre sensibly.
二、完形填空
I’ve never met Mrs. Pddar, the wner f the huse where I am living in this freign cuntry. I finished my 21 thrugh a prperty agent. Mrs. Pddar is a cmplete 22 fr me.
Yet, a few mnths later, Mrs. Pddar instructed my agent t 23 my rent, and the new rent is nly half f the riginal! Feeling 24 , I asked my agent abut the reasn. He tld me that Mrs. Pddar 25 I was frm abrad studying here alne and was still 26 the new envirnment. She did this just t ffer me sme 27 .
Being away frm my family t 28 my cllege degree, I have fund the life here 29 in the past few mnths: n friends, n familiar fd…. But the 30 Mrs. Pddar shwed me pened a new wrld t me, 31 me nt t indulge (沉湎) in negative feelings and t establish new relatinships. S I decided t 32 with peple in my lcal area by first lending a hand t thers. On ne ccasin, I shpped fr grceries fr an ld cuple, wh 33 me t a heavy meal they made. Actually, abut half f my spare time is 34 with ffering help t peple in my neighbrhd.
We are indeed frm different 35 , but that desn’t lsen the ties between us.
21．A．mvingB．purchasingC．sellingD．renting
22．A．newcmerB．strangerC．friendD．helper
23．A．lwerB．cancelC．cllectD．raise
24．A．mtivatedB．cnfusedC．excitedD．annyed
25．A．anticipatedB．suspectedC．discveredD．argued
26．A．wndering atB．adjusting tC．lking intD．wrking n
27．A．cnvenienceB．adviceC．cmfrtD．freedm
28．A．pursueB．changeC．plishD．supprt
29．A．bringB．adventurusC．tughD．eventful
30．A．trustB．wisdmC．respectD．kindness
31．A．frcingB．expectingC．encuragingD．cmmanding
32．A．negtiateB．liveC．crrespndD．cnnect
33．A．treatedB．entitledC．guidedD．welcmed
34．A．readyB．ccupiedC．stuckD．cnsistent
35．A．neighbrhdsB．familiesC．generatinsD．backgrunds
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu is a third-year student at Xi’an Internatinal Studies University majring in turism management. She 36 (draw) t the cuntryside after cming 37 an advertisement fr “New Peasants”, a gvernment initiative that cnnects students, and cntent creatrs with internship (实习) pprtunities at rural businesses.
The ad was fr a psitin at a village htel, which Liu thught 38 (ffer) an ideal pprtunity t gain firsthand, 39 (practice) knwledge while experiencing life in the Chinese cuntryside, Fping.
Meanwhile, Xu Wen, an archival (档案的) science student at Nrthwest University in Xi’an, als arrived in Fping. She had been lking fr a summer internship far 40 (remve) frm her cllege majr, believing nly by having new experiences culd she further 41 (her).
Xu nw believes that 42 (address) the issue f “hmgeneity (同质化)” in China’s rural turism requires tapping int lcal culture, which necessitates the effective use f bth physical and nline archives, 43 that the internship has awakened her imaginatin regarding the ptential f archival science.
Nw in its third year, the “New Peasants” prgram has received applicatins frm thusands f university students, accrding t the nline travel agency Trip.cm. “The 44 (eager) f yung peple fr the cuntryside is mre than 45 we culd have imagined,” the cmpany said in a statement.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是学生会主席，为推动两岸互动和心灵沟通，你校将于5月18日举办一次“两岸一家亲”英文演讲比赛，请你以学生会名义发布一则通知，具体内容如下：
1.演讲的目的；
2.演讲的具体安排；
3.演讲的主要内容及注意事项。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ntice
Dear schlmates,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Unin
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My childhd is magical and full f adventure. I have s many childhd memries, and I wuld like t share ne that still stimulates me. This unfrgettable childhd event was abut the first day when I learned hw t swim. It happened s unexpectedly and quickly that nt nly I but my parents were surprised. Of curse, we were prud as well. I was barely seven years ld back then, and my parents thught that it was time fr me t learn hw t swim. One summer mrning, they tk me t a swimming pl in the City Swimming Cmplex which was just a 35-minute drive frm ur huse. It was a weekend and bth my parents accmpanied me. After we reached the Swimming Cmplex, we fund many peple were learning hw t swim. My mther said she wuld watch me learn this imprtant skill with the help f my father. Then she cheered me n and tk a seat.
I had n idea hw t swim but I was excited t try this new adventure. Hwever, when my father gt int the swimming pl with me, I became a bit nervus. It seemed that things were nt quite as easy fr me.
Lking arund, I nticed that many ther children f all ages were als trying t grasp this skill and sme f them had pretty much learned the art and science f this skill. Influenced by thers, I was determined t fcus n my training and swim as well as them. Under the guidance f my father, I learned with all my effrt and devtin, and I made rapid prgress. After teaching me fr 30 minutes r s, my father went t buy sme snacks fr us and my mther came t talk t me fr a while near the pl. She asked me if I had learned anything at all. T prve my prgress, I jumped int the water and started swimming.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My mther was frightened by my actin at first.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Eating the snacks bught by my father, we were all thrilled and excited.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
《2025届广东省河源市高三毕业班调研模拟测试（二）英语试题》参考答案
1．A 2．C 3．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加州大学洛杉矶分校健康志愿者暑期项目，包括其工作内容和申请方法。
1．细节理解题。根据Wayfinding中“Due t the standing nature f this psitin, 4 hurs will be rewarded fr 2 hurs f Wayfinding service.(由于该职位的站立性质，提供2小时寻路服务可获得4小时奖励)”可知，寻路志愿者可以获得时间奖励。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据Patient Transprt中“Shifts are available seven days a week anytime between 8:00 :00 p.m.(每周7天，从早上8点到晚上8点的任何时间都可以轮班)”可知，病人转运岗位的优势是上班时间非常灵活。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据Applying t the Summer Vlunteen Prgram中“Sign up fr an Infrmatin Sessin n zm. Sign-ups are n a first cme, first serve basis.(报名参加一个关于zm的信息会议。报名是先到先得的)”可知，申请该项目时，申请人需要尽快报名。故选A项。
4．A 5．A 6．B 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了埃琳娜受家庭悲剧的影响，决心从医，并介绍了她作为一名女医生的成功职业生涯以及她所遇到的挑战。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“But it was a family tragedy that helped shape her determinatin t majr in medicine. ‘My parents lst their first child because he had Dwn’s syndrme. He passed away when I was abut seven years ld,’ she says. ‘And I guess that’s always been playing n my mind and I gradually frmed the idea f studying medicine.’(但正是一场家庭悲剧帮助她下定决心主修医学。“我父母失去了他们的第一个孩子，因为他患有唐氏综合症。我七岁左右的时候，他就去世了，”她说。“我想这件事一直萦绕在我的脑海中，我逐渐形成了学医的想法。”)”可知，是童年时期的一场家庭悲剧激发了埃琳娜追求医学事业的决心。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Elena has spken f her successful career and the challenges she has encuntered as a female dctr including smetimes having t remind patients suspicius f her that ‘I am the surgen’.(埃琳娜谈到了她成功的职业生涯以及她作为一名女医生所遇到的挑战，包括有时不得不提醒对她表示怀疑的病人“我是外科医生”)”可知，埃琳娜面临的一个挑战是获得病人的接受。故选A项。
6．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Elena’ s main jb is wrking with the majr trauma team, but is als invlved in the team dealing with patients that have severe surgical issues. “When I’m a cnsultant, I have a psitin f respnsibility nt nly twards my patients, but als twards the team that I cperate with,” she says. Wrking hard, she has never experienced prejudice frm ther male surgens, wh shw great respect fr her.(埃琳娜的主要工作是与主要创伤小组合作，但也参与了处理有严重手术问题的病人的小组。“当我是一名顾问时，我不仅要对我的病人负责，还要对我合作的团队负责，”她说。由于努力工作，她从未受到其他男外科医生的偏见，他们对她非常尊重)”可知，本段介绍了埃琳娜的主要职责。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Find what yu lve ding day after day, because yur prfessinal career is a lng time, and it takes a lt — prbably like 20 r 30 years f yur life. Therefre, it’s f great significance t d what yu are fnd f and then just g fr it,’ she says.”(她说：“找到你每天都喜欢做的事情，因为你的职业生涯很长，需要花费很多时间——可能像你生命中的20或30年。因此，做你喜欢的事情，然后放手去做，这是非常有意义的。”)可知，埃琳娜建议选择职业时要追随自己的热情和决心。故选C项。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了塑料回收领域的一项新进展，即通过使用常见催化剂将废弃塑料分解为原始化学成分，从而制造出具有原生材料所有特性的新塑料。尽管这项技术展示了实现塑料循环经济的巨大潜力，但仍有许多挑战需要克服，包括处理塑料中的添加剂问题和考虑催化剂及添加剂的毒性和处置方法。
8．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Abut 5 billin tnnes f plastic has gne t landfill since the 1950s, and recycling effrts have nly tackled 9 percent f what we have prduced (自20世纪50年代以来，约有50亿吨塑料被送往垃圾填埋场，而回收工作仅处理了我们所生产塑料的9%)”可知，这段主要讲的是当前塑料回收效率很低，故选C项。
9．词义猜测题。根据原文第三段“Nw, his team has discvered an imprved prcess that wrks n bth plyethylene, frm which mst plastic bags are made, and plyprpylene, which is used t make harder bjects. And it relies nly n catalysts cnsidered s cmmn that they are essentially “…”, says Hartwig.(现在，他的团队发现了一种改进的工艺，该工艺既适用于制造大多数塑料袋的聚乙烯，也适用于制造较硬物体的聚丙烯。哈特维格说，它只依赖于被认为非常常见的催化剂，这些催化剂本质上就是“……”)”可知，此处说的催化剂很常见，也就是容易获取的材料，所以“dirt”在这里的意思接近“Materials easily accessible”，故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据原文第四段“Hwever, Hartwig warns that there are still many hurdles t vercme, and that the prcess has nly been tested in the presence f a small number f cmmn additives (添加物). “There will be additives that will affect the catalysts,” he says. This may mean having a way t separate thse additives r finding catalysts that are resistant t them.(然而，哈特维格警告说，仍有许多障碍需要克服，而且该工艺只在少量常见添加剂存在的情况下进行了测试。他说：“会有添加剂影响催化剂。” 这可能意味着要有一种方法来分离这些添加剂，或者找到对它们有抵抗力的催化剂)”可知，哈特维格认为改进后的工艺还没有完全为实际应用做好准备，还有很多问题需要解决，故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“Cressida Bwyer at the University f Prtsmuth, U.K., says that even if we have a prcess that can split waste plastic int cnstituent parts and withstand additives, ther issues remain. The degree f pisnusness and dispsal f the catalysts and additives must be cnsidered, she says. “These culd utweigh any perceived benefits f recycling technlgies. Recycling shuld nt be seen as any kind f slutin t maintaining r increasing prductin f single-use and unnecessary plastics and cntinuing the current prevailing take-make-waste culture,” she adds.(英国朴茨茅斯大学的克雷斯达・鲍耶说，即使我们有了一种可以将废塑料分解成组成部分并能耐受添加剂的工艺，其他问题仍然存在。她说，必须考虑催化剂和添加剂的毒性程度以及处置问题。“这些可能会超过回收技术带来的任何可感知的好处。回收不应被视为维持或增加一次性和不必要塑料生产以及延续当前盛行的“取 — 造 — 废”文化的任何解决方案。”)”可知克雷斯达・鲍耶说即使我们有了一种可以将废塑料分解成组成部分并能耐受添加剂的工艺，其他问题仍然存在，必须考虑催化剂和添加剂的毒性程度以及处置问题，可以推断出，克雷斯达・鲍耶认为健康和环境污染应该是最大的关注点，不能只看到回收工艺的好处而忽视了其他方面带来的不良影响，故选B项。
12．A 13．A 14．C 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自上而下的处理信息帮助我们理解感知到的事物，文章主要解释了这一认知过程。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“The prcessing plays an imprtant rle in ur interactins with ur envirnment. Our five senses are cnstantly taking in infrmatin. At any given time, we are experiencing different sights, sunds, tastes, smells, and ways things feel when we tuch them. If we paid attentin t each ne f ur senses all the time, we’d never d anything else. It enables us t simplify the prcess by relying n cntext and ur pre-existing knwledge t understand what we ntice. If ur brains didn’t emply tp-dwn prcessing ur senses wuld verwhelm us.(这个过程在我们与环境的互动中起着重要的作用。我们的五种感官不断地接收信息。在任何给定的时间，我们都在体验不同的视觉、声音、味道、气味，以及触摸事物时的感觉。如果我们一直关注我们的每一种感官，我们就永远不会做其他事情。它使我们能够通过依赖上下文和我们已有的知识来理解我们注意到的东西，从而简化这个过程。如果我们的大脑不采用自上而下的处理方式，我们的感官就会压倒我们)”可知，作者写第二段的目的是分析自上而下的处理是至关重要的主要原因。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Yu use the cntext f the wrds and sentences in which the smudges appear and yur knwledge f reading t cmprehend the meaning f the letter’s message. See a wrd LO*E, with ne letter kncked dwn, yet yu are still able t quickly recgnize the wrd as LOVE.(你可以利用出现污迹的单词和句子的上下文以及你的阅读知识来理解信件的意思。看到一个单词“LO*E”，一个字母被敲掉了，但你仍然能很快认出这个单词是“LOVE”)”可知，理解一篇缺少字母的文章的关键是已有的信息。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“On the ne hand, tp-dwn prcessing serves a psitive functin by simplifying the way we cmprehend ur sensry perceptins. It enables us t shrtcut the cgnitive path between ur perceptins and their meaning. On the ther hand, patterns can als prevent us frm perceiving things in unique ways.(一方面，自上而下的处理通过简化我们理解感官知觉的方式起到了积极的作用。它使我们能够缩短我们的感知和它们的意义之间的认知路径。另一方面，模式也可以阻止我们以独特的方式感知事物)”可知，自上而下的处理通常是有益的，但它也有局限性，有时会阻碍我们以新颖的方式感知事物或适应不熟悉的情况的能力。因此，事物都有两面性。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Tp-dwn prcessing is the prcess f using cntext r general knwledge t understand what we perceive (感知). In 1970, psychlgist Richard Gregry intrduced the cncept. He claimed that perceptin is cnstructive.(自上而下的处理是使用上下文或一般知识来理解我们所感知的东西的过程。1970年，心理学家理查德·格雷戈里提出了这个概念。他声称感知是建设性的)”，结合文章主要说明了自上而下的处理信息帮助我们理解感知到的事物，文章主要解释了这一认知过程。可知，作者想要说明一个认知策略。故选C。
16．G 17．D 18．B 19．F 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家人们一起吃饭不仅对孩子有益，同时也会在其他方面给人们带来好处。
16．根据前文“It’s well knwn that kids benefit frm eating dinner with their families. In fact, children wh spend this quality time with their parents d better in schl and have larger vcabularies.(众所周知，孩子们从与家人共进晚餐中受益。事实上，与父母共度这段美好时光的孩子在学校表现更好，词汇量也更大)”可知，此处在讲述和家人共进晚餐的好处；G项“They als have lwer rates f anxiety and manage emtins mre sensibly.(他们也有更低的焦虑率和更明智地管理情绪)”承接上文，进一步阐述与父母共度用餐时光给孩子心理健康和情绪上带来的益处，其中als说明与上文构成并列递进关系。故选G项。
17．根据前文“When families eat tgether, they usually have healthier hme-cked meals and cnsume mre fruits and vegetables.(当家人一起吃饭时，他们通常会吃更健康的家常菜，吃更多的水果和蔬菜)”可知，本段主要讲述，孩子们和家人共进晚餐，会吃的更健康，所以D项“Parents want t be a mdel f gd eating habits.(父母想成为良好饮食习惯的榜样)”解释为什么会吃的健康的原因，符合本段主题；且D选项与下文“S they tend t give up destructive behavir and eat mre mindfully when their children are watching.(因此，当孩子们看着他们时，他们往往会放弃破坏性的行为，吃得更用心。)”构成因果关系。故选D项。
18．设空位于段首，为本段中心句；根据后文“It has been fund that family meals may lead t scial benefits fr parents including thse wh have lwer levels f the symptms (症状) f depressin and stress. Parents wh eat with their children als say that they are mre likely t be in a gd md.(研究发现，家庭聚餐可能会给父母带来社会效益，包括那些抑郁和压力症状较低的父母。和孩子一起吃饭的父母也表示，他们更有可能心情愉快)”可知，一起吃饭可以有利于父母的心理健康，所以B项“Eating tgether prfits parents’ mental health.(一起吃饭有利于父母的心理健康)”符合本段主题。故选B项。
19．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结；根据前文“When parents and kids eat tgether, they are develping links. In ther wrds, they can build strnger cnnectins. They will turn ff the TV, put away their cell phnes and just have face-t-face cnversatins. Keep the cnversatins psitive and encurage kids t discuss their day.(当父母和孩子一起吃饭时，他们正在建立联系。换句话说，他们可以建立更强的联系。他们会关掉电视，放下手机，只进行面对面的交谈。保持积极的对话，鼓励孩子们讨论他们的一天)”可知，本段主要讲述父母和孩子一起吃饭，他们可以加强沟通，建立联系，所以F项“The mre the family cmmunicate, the better their relatinship.(家庭沟通越多，他们的关系就越好)”是对前文的总结。故选F项。
20．根据前文“Eating tgether helps pass n family traditin.(一起吃饭有助于传承家庭传统)”阐述关于家庭聚餐对家族传统延续的益处；E项“Eating as a family hands dwn gd parenting skills.(作为一个家庭，饮食传承了良好的育儿技巧)”可知，是对前文的进一步解释，符合文意。故选E项。
21．D 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外租房时，房东Pddar夫人虽然与作者素未谋面，却主动降低房租，给予作者温暖，促使作者积极与他人建立联系，帮助邻里，感悟到尽管人们来自不同的背景，但彼此之间的联系并不会因此减弱。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是通过房产中介完成租房的。A. mving移动；B. purchasing购买；C. selling售卖；D. renting租赁。根据前文“I’ve never met Mrs. Pddar, the wner f the huse where I am living in this freign cuntry.”和后文“thrugh a prperty agent.”可知，作者从未见过房东，所以是通过房产中介完成租赁程序。故选D项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pddar夫人对我来说完全是个陌生人。A. newcmer新来的人；B. stranger陌生人；C. friend朋友；D. helper帮手。根据前文“I’ve never met Mrs. Pddar”可知，作者从未见过Pddar夫人，所以她对作者来说是个陌生人。故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，几个月后，Pddar夫人让我的中介降低我的房租，新房租只是原来的一半！A. lwer降低；B. cancel取消；C. cllect收集；D. raise提高。根据后文“the new rent is nly half f the riginal”可知，新房租只是原来的一半，即房东让中介降低了房租。故选A项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到困惑，于是问我的中介原因。A. mtivated有动力的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. excited兴奋的；D. annyed恼怒的。根据后文“I asked my agent abut the reasn”可知，作者不知道房东为何降低房租，所以感到困惑。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，Pddar夫人发现我是从国外来这里独自学习的，还在适应新环境。A. anticipated预料；B. suspected怀疑；C. discvered发现；D. argued争论。根据后文“I was frm abrad studying here alne”可知，房东发现了作者是从国外来这里独自学习的。故选C项。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他告诉我，Pddar夫人发现我是从国外来这里独自学习的，还在适应新环境。A. wndering at对……感到惊奇；B. adjusting t适应；C. lking int调查；D. wrking n致力于。根据前文“I was frm abrad studying here alne”和后文“the new envirnment”可知，作者从国外独自来这里求学，还在适应新环境。故选B项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她这样做只是为了给我一些安慰。A. cnvenience便利；B. advice建议；C. cmfrt安慰；D. freedm自由。根据前文可知，Pddar夫人发现作者是从国外来这里独自求学，还在适应新环境，由此推知，房东降低房租是为了给作者一些安慰。故选C项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开家人去追求我的大学学位，我发现过去几个月这里的生活很艰难：没有朋友，没有熟悉的食物……A. pursue追求；B. change改变；C. plish打磨；D. supprt支持。根据后文“my cllege degree”可知，作者离开家人是为了追求大学学位。故选A项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：离开家人去追求我的大学学位，我发现过去几个月这里的生活很艰难：没有朋友，没有熟悉的食物……A. bring无聊的；B. adventurus冒险的；C. tugh艰难的；D. eventful多事的。根据后文“n friends, n familiar fd”可知，作者在这里没有朋友，没有熟悉的食物，所以生活很艰难。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Pddar夫人对我表现出的善意为我打开了一个新世界，鼓励我不要沉湎于负面情绪，建立新的关系。A. trust信任；B. wisdm智慧；C. respect尊重；D. kindness善意。根据前文“Yet, a few mnths later, Mrs. Pddar instructed my agent t 3 my rent, and the new rent is nly half f the riginal!”可知，房东主动给作者降了房租，这是对作者表现出的善意。故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Pddar夫人对我表现出的善意为我打开了一个新世界，鼓励我不要沉湎于负面情绪，建立新的关系。A. frcing强迫；B. expecting期待；C. encuraging鼓励；D. cmmanding命令。根据后文“me nt t indulge (沉湎) in negative feelings and t establish new relatinships”可知，房东的善意鼓励作者不要沉湎于负面情绪，建立新的关系。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定先帮助别人，与当地人建立联系。A. negtiate谈判；B. live生活；C. crrespnd符合；D. cnnect联系。根据后文“with peple in my lcal area by first lending a hand t thers”可知，作者决定先帮助别人，与当地人建立联系。故选D项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我给一对老夫妇买杂货，他们请我吃了一顿丰盛的饭。A. treated请客，招待；B. entitled使有权；C. guided指导；D. welcmed欢迎。根据后文“me t a heavy meal they made”可知，老夫妇请作者吃了一顿丰盛的饭。故选A项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：实际上，我大约一半的空闲时间都忙于帮助邻居上。A. ready准备好的；B. ccupied忙于……的，从事……；C. stuck卡住的；D. cnsistent一致的。根据前文“half f my spare time”和后文“with ffering help t peple in my neighbrhd”可知，作者大约一半的空闲时间都花在帮助邻居上，即忙于帮助邻居上。故选B项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们确实来自不同的背景，但这并不会弱化我们之间的联系。A. neighbrhds街区；B. families家庭；C. generatins一代人；D. backgrunds背景。根据前文“I was frm abrad studying here alne”和“S I decided t 12 with peple in my lcal area by first lending a hand t thers.”可知，在国外租房求学的作者和当地的邻居们来自不同的背景。故选D项。
36．was drawn 37．acrss 38．ffered 39．practical 40．remved 41．herself 42．addressing 43．and 44．eagerness 45．what
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了西安两名大学生参加“新农民”计划，在农村企业实习，体验中国农村生活，并获得了实践经验的故事。
36．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在看到一则名为“新农民”的广告后，她被乡村吸引，这是一项政府倡议，将学生和内容创作者与农村企业的实习机会联系起来。句子描述过去所发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语she和draw为被动关系，需填一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was drawn。
37．考查介词。句意：在看到一则名为“新农民”的广告后，她被乡村吸引，这是一项政府倡议，将学生和内容创作者与农村企业的实习机会联系起来。cme acrss为固定短语，意为“偶然遇见；碰到”。故填acrss。
38．考查动词时态。句意：这则广告是一家乡村酒店的职位，刘认为这提供了一个理想的机会，可以在体验中国乡村佛坪的同时获得第一手实践知识。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a psitin，作主语，其中Liu thught是插入语，不影响句子的主要结构，因此从句中缺少谓语动词，根据thught可知，句子使用一般过去时。故填ffered。
39．考查形容词。句意：这则广告是一家乡村酒店的职位，刘认为这提供了一个理想的机会，可以在体验中国乡村佛坪的同时获得第一手实践知识。空处修饰名词knwledge，需用形容词作定语。故填practical。
40．考查形容词。句意：她一直在寻找一个远离她大学专业的暑期实习机会，相信只有有了新的经历，她才能进一步提高自己。空处修饰名词internship，需用形容词形式作定语，far remved frm为固定短语，意为“与……大相径庭的”，设空处填形容词remved意为“非常不同的”。故填remved。
41．考查代词。句意：她一直在寻找一个远离她大学专业的暑期实习机会，相信只有有了新的经历，她才能进一步提高自己。空处作宾语，指代主语she，需用反身代词。further neself意为“提升自我，发展自我”。故填herself。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：徐现在认为，要解决中国乡村旅游“同质化”问题，需要挖掘当地文化，这既需要有效利用实体档案，也需要有效利用在线档案，这次实习激发了她对档案科学潜力的想象力。believe后接宾语从句，从句缺少主语，空处需填动名词作主语。故填addressing。
43．考查连词。句意：徐现在认为，要解决中国乡村旅游“同质化”问题，需要挖掘当地文化，这既需要有效利用实体档案，也需要有效利用在线档案，这次实习激发了她对档案科学潜力的想象力。谓语动词believe后跟了两个并列的that引导的宾语从句t，两个从句之间需用and进行连接。故填and。
44．考查名词。句意：该公司在一份声明中表示：“年轻人对乡村的渴望超出了我们的想象。”空处作主语，需用名词形式eagerness“渴望”，不可数。故填eagerness。
45．考查宾语从句。句意：该公司在一份声明中表示：“年轻人对乡村的渴望超出了我们的想象。”空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“所能够想象的”，需用what引导，并在从句中作宾语。故填what。
46．Dear schlmates,
We are delighted t annunce the upcming “Crss-Strait Unity” English Speech Cntest, scheduled fr May 18th. The purpse f this event is t prmte crss-strait interactin and enhance mutual understanding.
The cntest will begin at 9 a.m. in the schl auditrium. Participants are required t submit their tpics in advance, fcusing n aspects that fster clser ties between the tw sides. Please ensure yur speeches are well-prepared and delivered fluently.
We encurage all students t actively participate and witness this meaningful event. Let’s wrk tgether t bridge the gap and create a strnger bnd between ur cmmunities.
Student Unin
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生会主席的身份，就学校将于5月18日举办的“两岸一家亲”英文演讲比赛一事，以学生会名义发布一则通知。
【详解】1.词汇积累
促进：prmte → facilitate
确保：ensure → guarantee
流利地：fluently → smthly
鼓励：encurage → inspire
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are delighted t annunce the upcming “Crss-Strait Unity” English Speech Cntest, scheduled fr May 18th.
拓展句：We are delighted t annunce the upcming “Crss-Strait Unity” English Speech Cntest, which is scheduled fr May 18th.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The purpse f this event is t prmte crss-strait interactin and enhance mutual understanding.（运用了动词不定式短语作表语）
【高分句型2】Participants are required t submit their tpics in advance, fcusing n aspects that fster clser ties between the tw sides.（运用了that引导限制性定语从句）
47．My mther was frightened by my actin at first. Never did she think I wuld jump int the water withut my father accmpanying me. Scared and terrified, she almst let ut a cry fr help. But what surprised her mst was that I was actually swimming withut struggle. In n time, her panic gave way t excitement. Meanwhile, she cheered me n, stimulating me t swim with pride. I was swimming cnfidently when my father came back. Seeing me swimming n my wn, he was astnished as well. Hwever, he said nthing, signing me t enjy snacks.
Eating the snacks bught by my father, we were all thrilled and excited. My mther seemed t have frgtten her terrr just nw. My father was satisfied with my prgress, but still wished I hadn’t taken risks. After all, safety matters a lt. Ndding my head, I prmised nt t take risks any mre. A little adventurus as it was, this was the first time that I had realized my achievements culd make my parents s happy and prud, which als bsted my cnfidence. It was this childhd adventure that made me understand nthing is impssible with all yur effrts and devtin.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者童年时学会游泳的经历。作者七岁时，父母带他去了一个游泳池，他开始学习游泳。刚开始时作者有些紧张，但在父亲的指导下，他很快取得了进步。在父亲离开的时候，作者展示了自己的游泳技能，让母亲感到惊讶和兴奋。父母对他的进步感到满意，但也希望他不要冒险。这个童年的冒险经历让作者明白了只要努力和奉献，没有什么是不可能的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“起初，我母亲被我的行为吓坏了”可知，第一段可描写母亲担心作者独自游泳的行为以及作者的游泳表现。
②由第二段首句内容“吃着爸爸买的零食，我们都很兴奋。”可知，第二段可描写父亲告知作者独自游泳的冒险行为以及作者的感受。
2.续写线索：母亲担心——毫不费力地游了起来——为我加油——吃着父亲买的零食——父亲提到安全意识——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①激励，激发：stimulate/ mtivate
②对……满意：was satisfied with /was pleased with
③意识到：realized /was aware f
情绪类
①害怕的：terrified / frightened
②惊讶的：astnished /amazed
【点睛】[高分句型1] But what surprised her mst was that I was actually swimming withut struggle.（运用了连接代词what引导的主语从句以及连词that引导的表语从句）
[高分句型2] A little adventurus as it was, this was the first time that I had realized my achievements culd make my parents s happy and prud, which als bsted my cnfidence.（运用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
A
C
A
A
A
B
C
C
B
A
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
B
A
A
C
C
G
D
B
F
E
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
D
B
A
B
C
B
C
A
C
D
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
C
D
A
B
D