黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学2020届高三上学期10月月考英语试题


2017级高三第一次月考
英语试题
I．阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Amazing Stories of Animals Acting Just Like Humans
◆Horses are picky eaters
Horses have an even better sense of smell than humans do. When horses raise their noses and open their nostrils (鼻孔), their nervous system allows them to sense smells we can’t sense. This might explain why they refuse dirty water and carefully move around meadows, eating only the tastiest grasses, experts say.
◆Whale says thanks
In 2011, a whale expert spotted a humpback whale trapped in a fishing net and spent an hour freeing it. Afterward, in an hour-long display of thanks, the whale swam near their boat and leaped into the air about 40 times.
◆Pandas like to be naughty
Is there anything more lovely than a baby panda, except maybe a human baby? In fact, baby pandas sometimes behave like human babies. They sleep in the same positions and value their thumbs. Pandas are shy by nature for its shy behaviors such as covering its face with a paw of ducking its head when confronted by a stranger.
◆A cat honors its owner
Paper towels, and a plastic cup are just a few of the gifts that Toldo, a devoted three-year-old gray-and-white cat, has placed on his former owner Iozzelli Renzo’s grave every day since the man died in September 2011. Renzo adopted Toldo from a shelter when the cat was three months old, and the two formed an inseparable bond. After Renzo passed away, Toldo followed the coffin to the cemetery, and now “stands guard” at the grave for hours at a time.
1. What can horses do to pick the most delicious grasses?
A. Feel them. B. Smell them.
C. Observe them. D. Taste them.
2. Which animal feels shy when facing strangers?
A. The whale. B. The horse.
C. The panda. D. The cat.
3. What do the whale and the cat have in common according to the passage?
A. They have a grateful heart. B. They are quite clever.
C. They are active and lovely. D. They have a good sense of smell.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了与人类行为相似的一些动物。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由Horses are picky eaters中的“their nervous system allows them to sense smells we can’t sense. This might explain why they refuse dirty water and carefully move around meadows, eating only the tastiest grasses”可知，它们的神经系统会让它们感觉到我们人类感觉不到的气味。这或许可以解释为什么它们拒绝饮用脏水，在草地上小心翼翼地走动，只吃最美味的草。所以马是靠嗅觉来挑选最美味的草。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由Pandas like to be naughty中的“Pandas are shy by nature for its shy behaviors such as covering its face with a paw of ducking its head when confronted by a stranger”可知，熊猫天生害羞，它们有害羞的行为，比如在遇到陌生人时，用爪子遮住脸，低着头。所以熊猫遇到陌生人时会害羞。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由Whale says thanks中的“Afterward, in an hour-long display of thanks, the whale swam near their boat and leaped into the air about 40 times.”A cat honors its owner中的“ a devoted three-year-old gray-and-white cat, has placed on his former owner Iozzelli Renzo’s grave every day since the man died in September 2011”可知，随后，在长达一个小时的感谢中，这头鲸鱼游到他们的船附近，跃升到空中约40次。一只忠诚的三岁灰白色猫咪，自从2011年9月主人去世后，他每天都把这些礼物放在前主人Iozzelli Renzo的坟墓前。所以通过对两种动物行为的描述可以判断出，鲸鱼和猫的共同特点是他们有一颗感恩的心。故选A项。

B
Alan Naiman was known for being very careful about how he spent his money. But even those closest to him had no knowledge of the fortune he quietly gathered and the last act he had planned.
Naiman died of cancer at age 63 last January. The man from the American state of Washington gave most of his money to groups that help the poor, sick, disabled and abandoned children.
He gave them $11 million. The large amount of his fortune shocked the groups that received his gifts and even his best friends. That is because Naiman had been known to repair his own shoes with duct tape. He had sought deals to buy food from grocery stores at closing time and taken friends out to lunch at low cost restaurants.
Naiman died unmarried and childless. He loved children but also was intensely private. He saved, invested and worked extra jobs to gather money. He rarely spent the money on himself after seeing how unfair life could be for children who suffer most.
Naiman was a former banker who worked for the past 20 years at the state Department of Social and Health Services. He earned $67,234 a year and also took on side jobs. Sometimes, he worked as many as three at a time. He saved and invested enough to make several millions of dollars. He also received millions more from his parents after they died.
He left $2.5 million to the Pediatric Interim Care Center in Washington. The center is a private organization that cares for babies born to mothers who abused drugs and children with drug dependency. The center used the money to pay off its mortgage (按揭) and buy a new vehicle to transport the children.
Naiman gave $900, 000 to the Treehouse, where children without parents can choose toys and necessities for free. Treehouse is using Naiman’s money to expand its college and career support services Statewide.
4. Why were Naiman’s best friends shocked at his donation?
A. He left nothing to his relatives.
B. He was dishonest in his economic conditions.
C. He received wealth from his parents secretly.
D. He used to be very careful to spend money.
5. Naiman was greatly concerned about _________.
A. his money B. his career
C. children in trouble D. life after retirement
6. What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about?
A. Why Naiman’s parents turned rich.
B. Where Naiman’s fortune came from.
C. How hard Naiman worked all his life.
D. How clever Naiman was to gather money.
7. How did Naiman’s money benefit the Pediatric Interim Care Center?
A. It improved its transport system.
B. It offered more toys to children.
C. It sent more children to college.
D. It helped more women give up drugs.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一向花钱精打细算的Alan Naiman捐赠了1100万美元用于帮助有困难的儿童的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Alan Naiman was known for being very careful about how he spent his money.”可知，Naiman的好朋友对他的捐赠感到震惊是因为他花钱一向很谨慎，故D项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“gave most of his money to groups that help the poor, sick, disabled and abandoned children.”可知，Naiman把大部分钱捐给了帮助贫困的、生病的、残疾的和被遗弃的儿童的组织，由此可知他非常关心有困难的儿童，故C项正确。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段内容可知，Naiman在美国社会与健康服务部工作了20年而且还做一些其他的工作赚钱，他还继承了父母数百万美元的遗产，因此本段主要讲的是Naiman的财富的来源，故B项正确。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The center used the money to pay off its mortgage (按揭) and buy a new vehicle to transport the children.”可知，儿童临时护理中心用Naiman捐赠的这笔钱还清了抵押贷款，并买了新车来接送孩子们，由此可知，Naiman捐赠的这笔钱改善了该中心的运输系统，故A项正确。

C
In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who don't. About 65% of American men aged 62－74 with a professional degree are in the workforce (劳动人口), compared with 32% of men who only finish high school. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well­educated wealthy and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound（意义深远的）.
The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity (长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift (变化) will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling (渐增的) ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.
Policies are partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Even the better­off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap (获得) rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding (先前的) generation. Technological change may well reinforce (强化) that shift: the skills that complement (补充) computers, from management know­how to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.
8. What is the common phenomenon in the workforce in rich countries?
A. Younger people are replacing the elderly.
B. Well­educated people tend to work longer.
C. People with no college degree cannot find any job.
D. Unemployment rates are decreasing year after year.
9. In view of the experience of the 20th century, many observers predict that ________.
A. economic growth will slow down
B. government budgets will decrease
C. more people will try to receive higher education
D. there will be more competition in the job market
10. According to the text, what is the result of policy changes in European countries?
A. Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.
B. More and more people have to go abroad to hunt for jobs.
C. People may be able to use computers to do more complicated work.
D. Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.
11. The underlined word “know­how” in the last paragraph probably refers to “________”．
A. a completely different environment
B. practical knowledge and technical skills
C. a better understanding of policy changes
D. the courage to face difficulties and dangers
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在许多发达国家，拥有高学历的人比没有高学历的人工作的时间更长。快速的技术进步提高了高技能人员的收入，同时也挤压了非技术人员的收入。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段In many developed countries， people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who don't．可知，在许多发达国家，拥有高学历的人比没有高学历的人工作的时间更长。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段The experience of the 20th century， when greater longevity（长寿）translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work， has persuaded many observers that this change will lead to slower economic growth， while the swelling ranks of pensioners（领养老金者）will create government budget problems可知，许多观察者认为这种变化会导致经济增长放缓，而领养老金的人数却在不断膨胀制造政府预算问题。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段 Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early． Even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement．可知许多欧洲政府放弃了过去鼓励人们提前退休的政策。即使是更好的人也必须工作更长时间才能享受舒适的退休但工作性质的变化也起着重要作用。故选D。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上下文内容可知，Technological change may well reinforce（强化）that shift： the skills that complement（补充）computers， from management knowhow to creativity， do not necessarily decline with age.技术变革可能会强化这种转变：计算机的技能的提高，从管理知识到创造力，并不一定随着年龄而下降。故knowhow意为实践知识和技术技能。故选B。

D
Reducing plastic waste isn't easy because the cheap material is found in almost every household item. Now, a delicious and nutritious solution has come up to help reduce our dependence on this environmental hazard.
David Christian, the co-founder of Evoware, says the idea of creating the biodegradable (生物降解的) products came from concern at the country's high pollution rate. Indonesia is home to four of the world's worst polluted rivers. Since single-use packaging is a large contributor to the problem, Evoware decided to deal with that first.
After investigating various materials, the company settled on seaweed. Unlike corn, commonly used for biodegradable containers, seaweed does not require resources like water or large amounts of space. Since Indonesian farmers already harvest more seaweed than they can sell, it's easy for the company to find the material.
Though they will not reveal their production process, Evoware says the seaweed packaging contains no chemicals and is safe to consume. The company has also invented single-use cups, which can break down 30 days after they're thrown away.
While replacing plastic with the seaweed products may seem appealing to most of us, it is a hard-sell in Indonesia. According to Christian, “The awareness to reduce single-use plastic is still very low. This makes our bioplastic unnecessary.” Also a factor is the cost, which is higher than using plastic. Hopefully, Evoware will succeed in convincing Indonesians and people worldwide that switching to their products will be helpful to protecting our beautiful planet.
12. What problem did Evoware decide to deal with first?
A. Ways to clean the four worst polluted rivers.
B. How to deal with single-use packaging.
C. Means to contribute to the country's economy.
D. What nutritious materials for people to use.
13. Why did Evoware choose seaweed?
A. It could be found everywhere in his country.
B. It was most commonly used for packaging.
C. It didn't require much space and was easy to get.
D. It grew thickly in most of the polluted rivers.
14. What can we infer from Christian's words?
A. Sometimes it's hard to get people to reduce the use of plastics.
B. Their seaweed products have won government support.
C. Their new products have received worldwide popularity.
D. The cost of making seaweed products will be lowered soon.
15. What does the underlined word “hard-sell” (in Para. 5) refer to?
A. Something lasting long. B. Something commonly seen.
C. Something easy to get. D. Something hard to accept.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲了塑料制品污染环境，科学家们研发了一种营养又美味的替代品，用海藻产品取代塑料制品。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Since single-use packaging is a large contributor to the problem, Evoware decided to deal with that first.可知Evoware决定首先处理一次性的包装，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第三段Unlike corn, commonly used for biodegradable containers, seaweed does not require resources like water or large amounts of space.可知Evoware选择海藻是因为海藻不需要很大的空间，并且容易获得，故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段According to Christian, “The awareness to reduce single-use plastic is still very low. This makes our bioplastic unnecessary.”（据Christian说，“减少一次性塑料使用的意识仍然很低。这使得我们的生物塑料不必要。）由此推断出Christian的话暗示出有时很难让人们减少塑料的使用，故选A。
【15题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段According to Christian, “The awareness to reduce single-use plastic is still very low. This makes our bioplastic unnecessary.”可知While replacing plastic with the seaweed products may seem appealing to most of us, it is a hard-sell in Indonesia.的意思是虽然用海草产品替代塑料似乎对我们大多数人都有吸引力，但在印尼却很难卖出去。“hard-sell”意思是“很难接受的东西”，故选D。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Accepting Change Is Important to Your Professional Success?
Whether you like it or not, change is a necessary part of today’s business climate. Those employees who accept change will succeed, while those fearing change may head for the unemployment line. ____16____ So how can we make this normal change as positive and beneficial as possible?
What’s wrong with change?
Employers want their workers to change when necessary. ____17____ The main reason is fear, though none of us agree that we doubt our ability to accept new ideas, use new technology, or adapt to new organizations.
___18___
Employees often view change differently from their supervisors. This is why communication is so vital in many cases. Lack of communication will cause problems in personal relationships. Unfortunately, fear prevents them from expressing their ideas and opinions.
The positive side of change.
___19___ One of the most positive aspects of change is that it is never boring. If we want passion back in our work, we must be willing to change. We can learn how to work with a team and take on new responsibilities and change not just your attitude to change but some of your ideas and goals.
Embrace upcoming changes.
Many people are content to live their present safe lives and want no change. ____20____ Comfort and high position? If those are what you desire, then you will probably soon be out of a job. If, instead, you want challenge and welcome change, you will always be successful and popular in your job.
A. Communication is the key.
B. Think about what you really want.
C. Remember to work hard at your work.
D. Communication helps you make more friends.
E. Although some employees fear change, change is normal.
F. If you describe your current job as boring, then change it.
G. Knowing that, then, why are so many people resistant to it?
【答案】16. E 17. G
18. A 19. F
20. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。改变是当今商业环境的必要组成部分。那些接受改变的员工将会成功，而那些害怕改变的员工可能会走向失业的边缘。虽然有些员工害怕改变，但改变是正常的。短文说明了为什么有些员工害怕改变的原因，如何才能让这种正常的改变尽可能地积极有益的正确做法。
【16题详解】
由“Those employees who accept change will succeed, while those fearing change may head for the unemployment line. ____1____ So how can we make this normal change as positive and beneficial as possible?”可知，那些接受改变的员工将会成功，而那些害怕改变的员工可能会走向失业的边缘那么，我们如何才能让这种正常的改变尽可能地积极有益呢? 所以小题1在本段中起到承上启下的作用。故E选项“虽然有些员工害怕改变，但改变是正常的”符合句意。故E选项切题。
【17题详解】
由“The main reason is fear”可知，主要原因是害怕。所以小题2应是一个特殊疑问句，后一句是对它的回答。故G选项“那么，既然知道了这一点，为什么会有那么多人抗拒它呢?”符合句意。故G选项切题。
【18题详解】
由“This is why communication is so vital in many cases. Lack of communication will cause problems in personal relationships. Unfortunately, fear prevents them from expressing their ideas and opinions.”可知，这就是为什么沟通在很多情况下是如此重要。缺乏沟通会导致人际关系出现问题。不幸的是，恐惧阻碍了他们表达自己的想法和观点。所以本段主要在说明沟通是关键也就是小题3本段的标题所要表达的内容。故A选项“沟通是关键”符合句意。故A选项切题。
19题详解】
由“The positive side of change以及One of the most positive aspects of change is that it is never boring”可知，改变的一个最积极的方面是它从不令人厌烦。所以小题4要说明如果你现在的工作很无聊，该怎么办。然后在接着说，改变所取得的效果。故F选项“如果你说你现在的工作很无聊，那就改变它。”故F选项切题。
【20题详解】
由“Comfort and high position?”可知，舒适的生活和高职位。所以小题5要说明想想你真正想要的，然后在进行反问。故B选项“想想你真正想要的”符合句意。故B选项切题。

II.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Teaching second grade is always a difficult job. Each student arrives at school with his own needs and difficulties. One year，a student called Billy ____21____ me with his behavior as well as his academic requirements. He struggled daily with his_____22_____ emotions and often became angry or violent. I knew that，to make ___23___ progress，his emotions needed controlling.
One ____24____I tried to help Billy was to have him come directly into the classroom when he arrived at school. Billy's mom would____25____ me to alert（提醒，告知）me to a particularly emotional morning at home. Then，I would focus on______26______his anger and calming him down before the other students arrived.
One week our class was studying_____27_____ I thought that one way to bring learning into the classroom was to bring my dog Rocky to school for the day.
That day began as normal. I was preparing activities focused on dog themes ____28____I was told on the phone that Billy had a____29____ morning at home and I might need to get him _____30_____As I was talking to his mom，Billy _____31_____into the classroom. To Billy's _____32_____ ，Rocky immediately ran up to his new _____33_____ ，wagging his tail and licking（舔）Billy's face with doggy affection（喜爱）. Billy couldn't _____34_____ Rocky's charm and began laughing as his anger melted away.
Throughout the day，Billy never left Rocky's side，feeding him，being gentle with him and even ______35______ the other students while Rocky was sleeping
Billy was known for doing anything he could to avoid _____36_____，but on this day he found a good dog story，Clifford's Puppy Days，and read it to Rocky. How ____37____ I was at the sight of Billy reading happily！My little dog was able to______38______Billy's day from one of anger and frustration to one of laughter，gentleness and ____39____ .
That day Rocky_______40_______helped me with my teaching；he helped to change the life of a child！After that Billy's behavior definitely improved.
21. A. challenged B. cheated C. benefited D. betrayed
22. A. unforgettable B. uncontrollable C. unconscious D. unfortunate
23. A. physical B. mental C. academic D. healthy
24. A. advantage B. agenda C. reason D. way
25. A. wake B. call C. visit D. sign
26. A. tolerating B. observing C. relieving D. ignoring
27. A. emotions B. pets C. plants D. diet
28. A. after B. while C. when D. before
29. A. boring B. fantastic C. busy D. rough
30. A. settled B. punished C. treated D. excited
31. A. fled B. stormed C. jogged D. wandered
32. A. surprise B. delight C. shame D. fear
33. A. protector B. trainer C. friend D. owner
34. A. resist B. describe C. reduce D. forget
35. A. educating B. envying C. comforting D. quieting
36. A. exploding B. reading C. arguing D. apologizing
37. A. surprised B. disappointed C. amused D. confused
38. A. urge B. shorten C. transform D. expand
39. A. admiration B. curiosity C. anxiety D. love
40. A. other than B. more than. C. rather than D. better than
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B
【解析】
本文属于记叙文，一位老师描述了一个难以控制的男孩Billy，他因为一只小狗Rocky对他的关爱而改变，变成乐观开朗，懂得关爱的男孩。这个故事说明爱的力量是无穷大的。
【21题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. challenged挑战；B. cheated打败；C. benefited有益于；D. betrayed背叛。根据文章的首句和下文可知， Billy同学给“我”带来了“挑战”。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. unforgettable难以忘记的；B. uncontrollable无法控制的；C. unconscious无意识的；D. unfortunate不幸的。从本句中的“often became angry or violent”可知，他的情绪常常“难以控制”。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. physical身体的，物理的；B. mental精神上的；C. academic学术的，学业上的；D. healthy 健康的。从上文中的“academic requirements”可知，他的学习成绩也不好，因此他要在学习上(academic)取得进步，就必须控制好他的情绪。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. advantage优点；B. agenda日程；C. reason原因；D. way方法。从本段内容可知，作者在叙述他帮助Billy的“方法”。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. awake醒来；B. call打电话；C. visit参观，拜访；D. sign打手势。这里指Billy的母亲给老师“打电话”，告知老师Billy早晨在家时有不好的情绪，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. tolerating忍受。B. observing观察，遵守；C. relieving释放，缓解；D. ignoring 忽视。Billy到校后，老师通常会想方设法让他释放怒气。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. emotions情感；B. pets宠物；C. plants植物；D. diet饮食。根据空后的dog及下一段的内容可知，他们要学习了解“宠物”。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查连词辨析。was /were doingwhen是一个常见的结构，意思是“正在……这时……”。句意：我正在准备关于小狗话题的活动，Billy的妈妈告诉我，Billy早上在家情绪不好。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. boring无聊的；B. fantastic极好的；C. busy繁忙的；D. rough粗暴的，粗鲁的。从第二段可知，每当Billy在家里情绪不好时，作者就会接到电话通知。这里用have a rough morning表示Billy早上情绪不好。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. settled定居，解决；B. punished惩罚；C. treated治疗；D. excited兴奋的。根据第二段可知，每当这时作者都要帮他释放怒气，并且让他calm down(安定下来)。本题中的get him settled就是此意。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. fled 逃跑；B. stormed涌入；C. jogged慢跑；D. wandered漫步。我在和他妈妈说话时，Billy冲进教室。storm into冲进来。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. surprise惊讶，惊奇；B. delight高兴；C. shame羞愧；D. fear害怕。Rocky跑到Billy跟前，和他“亲热”，这出乎Billy的预料，让他很惊奇。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. protector保护者；B. trainer训练师；C. friend朋友；D. owner主人。狗对Billy摇尾巴，并且舔Billy的脸，可知它把Billy当作“朋友”。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. resist抵抗；B. describe描述；C. reduce减少；D. forget忘记。 couldn't resist无法拒绝，抑制不住。Billy无法抵抗Rocky的魅力，开始笑出声来。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. educating教育；B. envying羡慕，嫉妒；C. comforting安慰；D. quieting使安静。 Billy在Rocky休息时让其他同学“安静”下来。根据语境可知选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. exploding爆炸；B. reading阅读；C. arguing争论，争辩；D. apologizing道歉。句意：Billy不读书是出了名的，可是今天却一反常态，找了一个有关狗的故事读给Rocky听。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. surprised惊讶的；B. disappointed失望的；C. amused愉快的，顽皮的；D. confused迷茫的。看到Billy如此高兴地读书，“我”当然感到很“惊讶”，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. urge催促，力劝；B. shorten缩短，变短；C. transform改变；D. expand 衍生，拓展。小狗居然让原本情绪不好的Billy转怒为喜。transformfromto把……从……转变成……。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. admiration钦佩，赞美；B. curiosity好奇心；C. anxiety焦急，忧虑；D. love爱。从laughter和gentleness可以判断应该选择love，体现了Billy对小狗的关爱之心。故选D。
40题详解】
考查连词短语辨析。A. other than除了；B. more than超过，不仅仅；C. rather than而不是；D. better than好于。根据后一句he helped to change the life of a child！可知，这只狗不仅仅帮助作者的教学，也改变了孩子的生活。故选B。

III．单项填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
41.—Hello ,is Mr Smith in?
—Sorry ,there is_____person________you referred to in my office!
A. such no; that B. such no; as C. no such ; that D. no such ;as
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查such和定语从句关系代词的使用。句意：——你好，Smith先生在吗？——抱歉，在我们办公室里没有你说的这样一个人！such作为形容词+名词，no 否定词放在前边，no such +名词“没有这样的……”。定语从句关系代词的选择要根据先行词来定，先行词是物，关系代词一般用 that/which，先行词是人，关系代词选择 who/whose，关系代词是时间、地点、原因等状语的话，关系代词选择 when、where、why 等。先行词是物，而关系代词在从句中作宾语，关系代词可以省略。这里的先行词是 such person，而refer to sb，“指的是……”；as“像……一样”，引导非限制性定语从句。故选D。
【点睛】关系代词as与which引导的非限制性定语从句，其先行词都可以是整个主句，指代主句的整个意思。但as和which具有不同的词义、句法和用法。
1. as引导的从句表示说话人的看法、态度、解释或评论
引导定语从句时，as仍具有“正如，像，由……可知”等意思，翻译时有时可不必译出。as定语从句常含有这些动词：see, know, hear, watch, remember, say, tell, show, expect, guess等，这类动词与as连用几乎成了一种固定搭配。as引导的此类从句可以置于句首、句中或句尾。如：
The famous magician Liu Qian, as we all know, is from Taiwan. 众所周知，著名魔术师刘谦是台湾人。
There is a net bar around here, as I remember. 我记得这儿附近有一家网吧。
As is often the case, girls like dolls while boys like guns. 女孩子喜欢玩具而男孩子喜欢枪，这是常见的情况。
2. which引导的从句对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明，表明事物的状态或结果
which此时指前面主句所提到的这件事，常译为“这一点，这件事”等。这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系。注意，它引导的从句不像as那样位置灵活，它只能位于主句的后面。如：
He changed his mind again, which made us all angry. 他又改变了主意，这使我们大家都生气了。
She tore up my photos, which (=and that) upset me.她撕碎了我的照片，这使我很不安。
3. 在从句中作定语或介词的宾语时，要用which，不用as
Jenny might come, in which case I'll ask her. 詹妮可能会来，要是那样的话我就去问她。
She graduated from a local middle school, after which she went to Beijing University. 她毕业于当地的一所中学，之后她去了北京大学。
4. 当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或含着一个复合宾语时，一般用which而不用as
He pretended not to know me, which I didn't understand. 他假装不认识我，这是我搞不明白的。
He admires everyone in his class, which I find quite strange. 他羡慕班里的每个学生，我认为太奇怪了。
特别说明：
as引导非限制性定语从句的最大特点是位置灵活；其次，as有以下常见的，而which不具备的“固定表达”：
as we all know 众所周知
as I can remember 正如我所记得的
as often happens 正如经常发生的那样
as we expect 正如我们预料的那样
as you see 这一点你明白
as was expected 正如预料的那样
as can be seen 看得出来
as may be imagined 正如可以想象的那样
as has been said above 如上所述
as we all can see 正如我们都能看到的那样
as is often the case 像常规那样
as everybody can do 正如人人都能做到的那样

42. The level of the river ___ 20 centimeters over the security line and ____must be taken to control the flood.
A. is measured; measures B. measures; measurement
C. measures; measures D. is measured; measurement
【答案】C
【解析】
考查动词用法。measure作不及物+长度，高度，宽度，面积，等等数字及其单位，注意：可译为：长……宽……高……多少。第二空考查短语take measures to采取措施，故选C。

43. (2014·兰州高三质检)Our country is developing at an amazing speed，which is________makes me feel so proud.
A. what B. why
C. that D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
which引导的非限制性定语从句代替前面的整个句子。定语从句中又包含了一个表语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故用what引导。
答案：　A

44. It was in the school __________ he had studied ___________ he began the important experiment.
A. that; where B. in which; which
C. where; that D. where; in which
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析： 考查强调句与定语从句。句意：就是在这个他就读的学校里他开始重要的实验。 It was in the school ______ he began the important experiment.这是个强调句，强调地点，学校，而 in the school又跟着一个定语从句，缺少状语，用where来引导，故选C项。
考点 : 考查强调句与定语从句

45. The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their
parents’ laps.
A. including; seated B. including; seating
C. included; sat D. included; sitting
【答案】A
【解析】


46.You really ought to make ________ most of the opportunity，because you won’t get ________ second chance.
A. the; a B. /; a
C. /; the D. the; the
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词用法。句意：你真的应该充分利用这个机会，因为你不会再有机会了。make the most of sth.为固定短语，意为“充分利用”；序数词前加不定冠词，表示“又一，再有”，故选A。

47. It is said the Great Wall_______ the Warring States, is _______worth visiting.
A. dated from; much B. dated from; well
C. dating from; much D. dating from; well
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据说长城始建于战国时期，非常值得参观。Date from追溯到，用现在分词做伴随状语，be well worth doing很值得做某事，故选D项。
考点：考查非谓语动词

48. _____ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time
A. To face B. Faced C. Face D. facing
【答案】B
【解析】
考察非谓语动词，该处为状语，face的用法为，sb face sth 或者sb be faced with sth，根据题中的with可知，选择B，被动。
句意为，面对这么多麻烦，我们不能按时完成任务。

49. What annoyed your father was not what you said，but the way________you said it.
A. by which B. which C. in what D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
此处way作先行词，定语从句中缺少状语，可以用that或in which引导，亦可省去引导词。

50.This kind of cloth_______well and large quantities of the cloth ________.
A. is sold； have been sold B. is sold; has been sold
C. sells； have been sold D. sells ; has been sold
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态语态。句意：这种布销路很好，已售出大量。sell/wash/burn 等词在表示事物的状态、特点时，可以用主动表被动，因此第一个空应选 sells；第二空表示“出售，卖”的动作，用被动语态，且强调对现在的影响应该用现在完成时态，故正确答案为C。

51. Nothing shall _______ me _________ from accomplishing my purpose.
A. hold , on B. hold , back C. hold , up D. hold , out
【答案】B
【解析】
略

52. David left word with my secretary ________ he would call on me in the afternoon.
A. who B. that C. where D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查同位语从句。句意：大卫给我的秘书留言说他下午会再来找我。word意为“消息”时，是不可数名词，从句“he would call on me in the afternoon”不缺少成分，word后跟that引导的同位语从句，对word的内容进行补充说明，故选B。
考点：考查同位语从句

53.I _________ to help you to do homework but I couldn't spare any time. I ________ a composition last night and I'll finish it tomorrow.
A. wanted；wrote B. had wanted；was writing
C. had wanted；wrote D. wanted；have been writing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意: 我本打算在家庭作业方面帮助你的，但是我抽不出时间。我昨天晚上整晚都在写作文，明天就能写完。第一空，句中为短语had wanted to do 本打算做某事，第二空表示时间段内正在进行的动作，故用过去进行时，综述选B。

54. talking with him, you’ll find him an easy-going man.
A. Once B. Unless C. Until D. Before
【答案】A
【解析】
句意: 一旦与他交流, 你就会发现他是一个随和的人。once意为“一旦”, 符合题意, 此句补充完整为: Once you are talking with him, you’ll find him an easy-going man。

55.______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of English is poor.
A. Other things being equal B. Other things be equal
C. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal
【答案】A
【解析】
考查独立主格结构。Other things与being equal为主动。句意：在其它条件相同的情况下，一个能有效地表达自己的人比一个语言表达能力差的人更容易获得成功。

56. I wonder why you failed so many of the questions. Only the first question was difficult, but the rest, I thought, ______ very easy.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查主谓一致。句意：我想知道你为什么答错了这么多道题目，只有第一个比较难，但剩下的，我认为，是非常简单的。the rest作主语，谓语动词要根据the rest指代的内容来确定单复数，这里指的是questions，是可数名词复数，故谓语也用复数，排除A、C；根据“failed”和“thought”可知，应该用一般过去时，故选D。
考点：考查主谓一致

57. The civil war broke out in Libya, ______ to the instability of the international oil price．
A. to contribute B. contributed
C. having contributed D. contributing
【答案】D
【解析】
本题考查非谓语动词。contributing to the instability of the international oil price，现在分词在句中作结果状语。选D。

58.I’ll lend you the money only on ______you can pay ______on time.
A. condition that; it back B. condition that ; for it
C. conditions that; for it D. conditions that ; it back
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：只要你能按时还钱，我就把钱借给你。固定短语on condition that引导条件状语从句；pay back“偿还”；pay for“付钱买”。故选A。

59.Richard was called in by the police to answer questions the disappearance of Thomas Riley, whose relatives were his present situation.
A. concerning; concerning about B. concerning; concerned about
C. concerned；concerning about D. concerned; concerned about
【答案】B
【解析】
考查介词和动词短语。句意：理查德被警方传唤，回答有关托马斯莱利失踪的问题，他的亲属对他目前的处境感到忧心。concerning介词意为“关于，就…而言”；动词短语be concerned about意为“对……关心，挂念”。故选B。

60. Having answered the phone, I couldn’t but ______ what would happen next.
A. wondering B. wondered C. wonder D. to wonder
【答案】C
【解析】
考查词组：can’t but do “不得不做“,”情不自禁”，句意是：接了电话后，我情不自禁的想到下面会发生什么。选C。

IV、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever anyone asks me where my favorite place in China is, I say Dali without hesitation. Dali, ___61___(surround) by mountains for hiking and lakes for bicycling around , is the kind of place that everyone likes.
Last year I met a couple of young students I’d known___62___ I travelled to Dali, and we agreed ____63____(cycle) along the lake in a small town outside of Dali. The lake ___64___ (it) was pretty easy to cycle around , ___65___ flat paths passing through a lot of little villages. While cycling, a woman recommended an hour-long boat ride for about 40 RMB each--a bit expensive but ___66___ adventure we felt like having, so we paid for it.
In about 20 minutes we witnessed in ___67___(excite) how a fisherman fished with his fishing birds. A string was tied around each bird’s neck so that when it dived for fish, it was unable to swallow them. The birds ___68___ (give) a fish as payment for their service after the fisherman had a satisfactory catch. I’d ___69___ (previous) read about this fishing method, but it was pretty exciting to see first-hand.
The day finished with a brilliant sunset, ___70___ I climbed onto a roof to get a photo of.
【答案】61. surrounded
62. before 63. to cycle
64. itself 65. with
66. an 67. excitement
68. were given
69. previously
70. which
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者自己和几个朋友欣赏一起骑行欣赏大理美景的经历。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，is是句子谓语，故surround应是非谓语，又因为Dali和surround是动宾关系，故填surrounded。
【62题详解】
考查时间状语从句的连词。句意：去年，我遇到了几个年轻的学生，他们是我去大理之前认识的。在结合下文可知这些学生是“我”在去大理之前就认识了，故填before。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们同意骑车沿着大理城外一个小镇的湖边走。结合句义可知，agree to do同意做某事，故填to cycle。
【64题详解】
考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处做the lake的同位语，故填itself。
【65题详解】
考查with的独立主格结构。句意：我们同意骑车沿着大理城外一个小镇的湖边走。分析句子结构可知，___5___ flat paths passing符合with+n.+doing结构，再结合语义，故填with。
【66题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在骑车的时候，一位女士推荐了一小时的船游，每人40元左右——虽然有点贵，但我们很喜欢冒险，所以我们付了钱。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再结合句意可知，adventure在此处表示泛指，又是元音开头，故填an。
【67题详解】
考查词型变化。分析句子结构可知，in后填名词，故填excitement。
【68题详解】
考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，又因为the birds是give的受动者，故填were given。
【69题详解】
考查词型变化。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，修饰read，做状语，故填previously。
【70题详解】
考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，a brilliant sunset是先行词，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中做of的宾语，故填which。

V、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
根据所给单词的首字母或中文，写出各单词的正确形式(每空1词)
71. Allow me to offer my warmest c___________ on your success!
72. It’s important to know your own s_________ and weaknesses.
73. Another a_________ against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment.
74. According to the weather f____________, a hurricane is likely to hit Taiwan tonight..
75. I can’t s________enough the importance of reading aloud in learning English.
76. Three children were _____________（开除）from the school for their bad behavior.
77. He ___________（经历）great difficulty in getting a visa to leave the country.
78. The road-works caused much __________ among local residents.(抱怨)
79. The Hearest Tower in New York was designed by a British ________（建筑师）.
80. There are some _____________（相似点）between the two plays, although they were directed by different directors.
【答案】71. congratulations
72. strengths
73. argument
74. forecast
75. stress 76. removed
77. experienced
78. complaint
79. architect
80. similarities
【解析】
考查单词拼写。
【71题详解】
考查名词。句意：请允许我对你的成功表示最热烈的祝贺!根据下文on your success可知是表达祝贺，故填名词复数congratulations。
【72题详解】
考查名词。句意：了解自己的优点和缺点很重要。根据下文and weaknesses可知应填名词“优点”，且strength为可数名词，前面没有冠词故用复数形式strengths。
【73题详解】
考查名词。句意：反对电视的另一个理由是它取代了阅读作为一种娱乐形式。根据句意以及上文another可知表示“理由；论据”应填名词argument。
【74题详解】
考查名词。句意：根据天气预报，今晚台湾可能有飓风。根据下文a hurricane is likely to hit Taiwan tonight可知是天气预报，故填forecast。
【75题详解】
考查动词。句意：我再怎么强调大声朗读在学习英语中重要性也不为过。根据句意可知表示“强调”且can’t后跟动词原形，故填stress。
【76题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：有三个孩子因为行为不端而被学校开除。根据汉语意思以及上文Three children were可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故填过去分词removed。
【77题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：他在申请出国签证时经历了很大的困难。根据汉语意思以及句意可知应用一般过去时，故填experienced。
【78题详解】
考查名词。句意：修路工程在当地居民中引起了很大的不满。根据汉语意思以及分析句子结构可知应填名词complaint。
【79题详解】
考查名词。句意：纽约最著名的塔是由一位英国建筑师设计的。根据汉语意思可知应填名词architect。
【80题详解】
考查名词。句意：这两部戏虽然导演不同，但还是有相似之处。根据汉语意思可知应填similarity，且由some修饰故填复数形式similarities。

VI、短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
81.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Nowadays Senior 3 students are generally faced with a lot of pressure, that is rather common. To reduce it, the following suggestion may help. First of all, know exactly what lead to your pressure, and then you can take measures to deal with it. Secondly, set up a goal that is not too high, in the other words, don’t put too many pressure on yourself. Thirdly, finding a way to relax yourself occasionally. For example, you can listen music, go swimming or just simple go walking. Eventually, make friends with others, for example, your classmates, your teachers, and our parents. They will understand you and come to your help though you are really in trouble. In a word, never get yourself stuck in the pressure for “impossible is nothing”.
【答案】1.that→which
2.suggestion →suggestions
3.lead→leads
4.删除in后的the
5.many→much
6.finding→find
7. 在listen后添加to
8.simple→simply
9. our→your
10.though→when/if
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。这篇短文介绍现在高三年级的学生们通常面对很大压力，给出一些建议让学生们减少压力。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：现在高三学生普遍面临着很大的压力，这种情况相当普遍的。分析句子可知，本句中的that指代前面的一句话，指代前面的一句话要用which，而不能that。故把that改为which。
2.考查名词复数。句意：下面的建议可能会有所帮助。suggestion是可数名词。根据下文的内容可知是多个建议，可知要用复数形式，故把suggestion 改为suggestions。
3.考查主谓一致。句意：首先，要知道是什么导致了你的压力，然后你就可以采取措施来解决它。what lead to your pressure是宾语从句，主句谓语是一般现在时。结合句意可知谓语用一般现在时，从句中主语是what，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故把lead改为leads。故把lead改为leads 。
4.考查固定搭配。句意：第二，设立一个不太高的目标，换句话说，不要给自己施加太多压力。“in other words为固定搭配，意为“换句话说”，句中多了the，因此去掉in后的the 。
5.考查语境及词的辨析。句意：不要给自己施加太多压力。句中的pressure为不可数名词。many修饰可数名词的复数，而much修饰不可数名词。因此把many 改为much。
6.考查祁使句。句意：第三，偶尔找方法来放松自己的。分析句子可知，本句是一个祁使句，要用动词原形，而不是非谓语。故把finding改为find 。
7.考查语境。句意：你可以听音乐，游泳或只是简单的散步等。listen为不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，要用介词to，故要在listen后添加to 。
8.考查副词辨析的。分析句子可知，本句中的go是动词，修饰动词要用副词形式，而simple为形容词，因此要用其副词形式simply。故把simple改为simply。
9. 考查语境。句意：和其他人交朋友，例如你的同学、老师和我们的父母。他们会理解你，并且会帮助你。分析句子可知，本句祈使句。其逻辑主语是you。因此是你的父母，而不是our，故把.our改为your。
10.考查连词。句意：当你真的遇到了麻烦，他们会理解你，并且会帮助你。分析语境可知，当你遇到麻烦，而不是尽管。故把 though改为when/if。
【点睛】定语从句中只能用which不能用that的情况。定语从句中只能用which的情况如下：
1.在非限定性定语从句中先行词指物，不能用that，只能用which。
The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here. 。
这棵四百年的树在这里很有名
2.在非限制性定语从句中，指代前面的一整个句子的内容时，只能用which，不能用that。
Bamboo is hollow, which makes it light.竹子是空心的，这使得它很轻。

VII．书面表达（满分25分）．
82.假如你是李津。你校最近要为高三毕业生举行成人典礼，你作为学生代表，被要求在典礼上发言。请根据下列要点，写一个发言稿。
1、感谢父母的养育之恩、感谢老师的培养之情；
2、表达努力学习，争取好成绩的决心；
3、表达为社会、为国家承担责任的意志。
注意：1，词数不少于100；
2、可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；
3、信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen,
I am greatly honored to speak on behalf of my schoolmates at this coming-of-age ceremony.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you.
【答案】Good morning, ladies and gentlemen,
I am greatly honored to speak on behalf of my schoolmates at this coming-of-age ceremony. First of all, let’s express our gratitude to both our parents and teachers for what they have done for us to bring us up. Without their support and love, we would not be as grown-up as we are today. To pay back, we should spare no effort to work hard in every subject so that we can be admitted into our dream universities. It goes without doubt that only by acquiring as much advanced knowledge as possible can we shoulder more responsibilities not only for the society but also for the future of our country. Dear parents and teachers, you will be proud of us.
Thank you.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，要求写一个发言稿；假如你是李津。你校最近要为高三毕业生举行成人典礼，你作为学生代表，被要求在典礼上发言。请根据下列要点，写一个发言稿。1、感谢父母的养育之恩、感谢老师的培养之情；2、表达努力学习，争取好成绩的决心；3、表达为社会、为国家承担责任的意志。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：First of all（首先），express our gratitude（表达感激之情），bring up（抚养），pay back（回报）；spare no effort（不遗余力）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如To pay back, we should spare no effort to work hard in every subject so that we can be admitted into our dream universities.运用了目的状语从句；It goes without doubt that only by acquiring as much advanced knowledge as possible can we shoulder more responsibilities not only for the society but also for the future of our country.运用了倒装句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。