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湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2020届高三上学期月考（一）英语试题
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雅礼中学2020届高三月考试卷(一)
英语试题
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where does this conversation probably take place?
AIn a restaurant. B.In a department store. C.In the office.
2.when will the man leave?
A.At 7:20. B.At 7:30. C.At 8:00..
3.Why did Belinda quit her job?
A.Because she lost interest in her job.
B.Because she wanted to make more money.
C.Because she didn't want to work such long hours.
4.What will the man probably do with the computer?
A.Have it fixed. B.Give it to the woman. C.get a new one.
5.What is the relationship between the speakers?
A.Father and daughter. B.Teacher and student. C.Classmates.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.How will the man create jobs?
A.By training new workers. B.By attracting more businesses. C.By providing more cleaning jobs.
7.What is the man doing?
A.Being interviewed. B.Giving a speech. C.Trying to raise money.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Where are the speakers?
A.In car. B.On a boat. C.On a motorcycle.
9.What is the woman doing?
A.Looking at a paper map. B.Trying to find a website. C.Using a phone to give directions.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.How often does the man do his part-time job?
A.Once a week. B.Twice a week.. C.Three times a week.
1l.Where did the woman get a part-time job?
A.At the post office. B.At a cafe. C.At a bookstore.
12.What does the, man.do with his part-time income?
A.He saves all of it for trips.
B.He spends some of it on clothes.
C.He buys books with some of it .
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.What did the man watch on TV last night?
A.A play. B.A basketball match. C.A football match.
14.How did the man go to work this morning?
A.By taxi B By train. C.By bus.
15.When did the man arrive at the office?
A.At 9: 00 am. B.At 10: 00 am. C.At 10:30am.
16.Who's the woman probably?
A.The man's boss. B.The man's colleague. C.The man's friend.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What is the highest temperature in summer in Oymyakon?
A.25℃. B.35℃. C.45℃
18.What do people in Oymyakon have now?
A.Indoor bathrooms. B.Mobile phones. C.Televisions.
19.What was Oymyakon famous for in the past?
A.The extreme weather. B.Some oldest people in the country. C.A Hollywood actor's visit.
20.What can we learn about Oymyakon from the talk?
A.The young people there dream of modern life.
B.Ewan McGregor visited Oymyakon in winter.
A foreigner built the first hotel in Oymyakon.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Three men have had a big influence on modern sound and communication technologies.We started with the beginnings of computer-generated music.
Max Vernon Mathews
Max Vernon Mathews has been called the father of computer music.He created electronic tools so that people could use computers, as musical instruments.He had a huge influence on the development of electronic music and how it is written, recorded and played.In 1957, Max wrote the first: computer program, Music,to enable a computer to create sound and play it back. The computer was so slow that it would have taken an hour to play the piece of music. in seventeen seconds.For that reason,Mathews moved the work to a tape player, which could be sped up to play the music at a normal speed.
Mathews continued creating other versions of the Music program.He became interested in how computers could help musicians outside recording studios.The Groove program he developed was the first computer program made for live performances.
Norio Ohga
Sony Corporation official Norio Ohga helped to develop, the compact disc in the late 1970s.
He pushed for CDs to be larger, and with a longer playing time.He wanted them to hold seventy-five minutes so that they could store all of Bcethoven's Ninth Symphony on one disc.This way, listeners could enjoy the musical work without any break.The compact disc changed the electronics industry and the way people listened to music.
Hubert Joseph Schlafly
Hubert Joseph Schlafly was an electrical engineer who helped change the way actors, politicians and other people speak on television.In 1950, he and two other men developed the teleprompter.One co-worker, Fred Barton, was an actor.He had an idea for a tool that would help television actors read their lines without having to memorize them.The first teleprompter involved a person who turned a long plece of paper printed with tall letters, As the actor read the lines, another person would, move the paper ahead on the device.Later versions used television screens to show the words that were to be read.
1. Why did Mathews give up using computers to create sound and play it back?
A. Because he wanted to use computers as musical instruments.
B. Because he couldn’t create sound on computers.
C. Because he wanted to enjoy musical work without any break.
D. Because he wanted to find better ways to create sound with modern technologies.
2. What's the meaning of the underlined word teleprompter?
A. 投影仪 B. 电子提词机
C. 屏蔽仪 D. 显示屏
3. From the writing, we can learn that________.
A. Mathews' first computer program could play the music at a normal speed
B. the Groove program was the first computer program made for live performances by Hubert Joseph Schlafly.
C. owing to Norio Ohga, people can enjoy all of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony on one disc.
D. only Hubert Joscph Schlafly and Fred Barton worked together to develop the prompter.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个人对现代音响和通讯技术产生的重大影响。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Max Vernon Mathews中的 The computer was so slow that it would have taken an hour to play the piece of music in seventeen seconds.For that reason, Mathews moved the work to a tape player, which could be sped up to play the music at a normal speed.“电脑太慢了，播放一段17秒内的音乐需要一个小时。出于这个原因，马修斯把作品搬到了一台磁带播放器上，这可以对其进行加速，以正常速度播放音乐。”可知，Mathews放弃了用电脑创造并播放它，是因为他想找到更好的方法用现代技术创造声音。故选D项。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据 Huber Joseph Schlafly的描述One co-worker, Fred Barton, was an actor.He had an idea for a tool that would help television actors read their lines without having to memorize them.“他的一个同事弗莱德·巴顿是个演员。他想到了一个工具，可以帮助电视演员读台词而不需要记住台词。”可知 ，“在1950年，他和另外两个人发明了提词机。”由此推知，teleprompter的意思为“电子提词机”。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Co M Norio Ohga 中的He pushed for CDs to be larger, and with a longer playing time.He wanted them to hold seventy-five minutes so that they could store all of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony on one disc.“他极力要求CDs的尺寸更大，播放时间更长。他想让他们保持75分钟，这样他们就可以把贝多芬的第九交响曲全部存储在一张唱片上。”可知，从文章中，我们可以了解到，由于Norio Ohga，人们可以在一张唱片上欣赏贝多芬的第九交响曲。故选C项。
B
Our tolerating ability is indeed way beyond our imagination.But not until the very critical moment will we realize our potential tolerating ability.
There was a woman in the countryside who got married at the age of 18 and had to escape with her two daughters and a son wherever she could at the age of 26 due to the Japanese army’s invasion, Many people could not bear the suffering of being a fugitive (逃亡者)and wanted to commit suicide.Knowing that, she would come to those people and soothed them by saying, "Don' t do that silly thing.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome.The Japanese armies are bound to be driven away one day!”
Finally, she insisted until the day when all the Japanese armies were kicked out of China.However, her son died of disease without sufficient medicine and nutrition in those days of hardships.Her husband, after knowing the death of his son, lay in bed for two days without eating and drinking anything.She teared to her husband and said, “We have a tough destiny, but however tough our lives will be, we should persist in our efforts.”
After she gave birth to the second son, her husband died of edema (水肿), which almost, blew her away.But eventually, she recovered and embraced the three young children, saying, "My sweet hearts, don,: feel scared.You still have me, your dear mum!”
It took her painstaking efforts to raise her children up and, the life of her family was getting better and better.Two daughters were married and so was her son finally.She said to everyone she met,"Look! What I said is absolutely right.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome! My life is so happy now!”
She lived until 86.Before she went to Heaven, she said to her children, You all should live to your best.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome!”
4. What does the underlined word"soothed"in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Criticized. B. Evaluated.
C. Thrilled. D. Comforted.
5. what caused the woman’s son’s death?
A. Japanese invasion. B. Her husband's death.
C. Lack of nutrition and medicine. D. a disease called edema.
6. Which of the following best describes the woman?
A. Persistent. B. Miserable
C. Scared. D. Intolerant.
7. The passage mainly wants to tell us that__________.
A. the woman was leading a tough life
B. the woman showed great love to her kids
C. hardships can be overcome with an iron will and strong tolerating ability
D. invading other countries would make people there suffer a lot
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者讲述一个坚强女性的故事，告诉我们“坚强和坚忍可以帮助我们克服困难。” 我们的忍耐力确实超出了我们的想象。但直到关键时刻，我们才会意识到自己潜在的承受能力。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。从后面她所说的话Don't do that silly thing.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome.The Japanese armies are bound to be driven away one day!”中可以看出,她安慰大家没有过不去的坎,日本鬼子总有一天会被赶出去的,该词应该是“安慰”的意思。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段第二句话However, her son died of disease without sufficient medicine and nutrition in those days of hardships.“然而，在那些艰难的日子里没有足够的药物和营养，她的儿子死于疾病。”可知,她儿子由于缺医少药又极度缺乏营养,因病夭折了。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。结合全文内容及第三段她对她丈夫说的话She teared to her husband and said, “We have a tough destiny, but however tough our lives will be, we should persist in our efforts.” 她流着泪对丈夫说:“我们的命运很艰难，但无论我们的生活多么艰难，我们都应该坚持我们的努力。”可知，她是一个坚持不懈,有很强承受能力的人。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。结合首尾段Our tolerating ability is indeed way beyond our imagination.But not until the very critical moment will we realize our potential tolerating ability.“我们的忍耐力确实超出了我们的想象。但直到关键时刻，我们才会意识到自己潜在的承受能力。”和She lived until 86.Before she went to Heaven, she said to her children, You all should live to your best.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome!” 她活到86岁。在她去天堂之前，她对她的孩子们说:你们都应该好好地生活。没有过不去的坎!”及文章主线可知,文章主要讲述坚强和坚忍可以帮助我们克服困难。故选C项。
C
Some people think going to the gym takes time and effort, it often hurts, and it can be extremely boring.Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps(几次几组).In order to see any significant change from any one exercise,it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, for a minimum of three sets, for about three months: Then there' s aerobics(有氧运动).For some, there's nothing more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill(跑步机).
But what if there is a way to reduce the boredom of exercise while still getting a good workout? Luckily for us, there’s virtual reality (VR).
“In the past, playing video games was a sedentary(久坐不动的) experience:,"says Jo Stauffer of the VR Heaitn-institute, but VR changes all of that.” Many, VR games are played while standing In order to play properly, the players are forced to move around swinging their arms or using their legs.After an hour of this on a regular enough basis, it's not surprising, that many people unexpectedly find themselves a little fitter .There are already a number of virtual reality games which, deliberately or not, result in their player “getting a good sweat on” if played for enough time.For example, there's a music game which forces players to shadow box(做空拳攻防练习) in order to hit the notes---that's an upper-body workout.
The benefit of VR has been noticed by one company.They want to take the whole experience into the gym. They are making a resistance machine, designed to be used in combination with a VR headset. Players challenge a virtual competitor in a series of games,which results in a 30-minute full-body workout.However, the cost of the equipment is expensive and there are safety concerns to be worked out, says J.P.Gownder from the consultancy Forrester.
Although it's early days, for those: of us who struggle to overcome the boredom of exercise,a new solution could be coming.And a world where a person can exercise and have fun at the same time might be something that many people would want-virtual or not.So don' t give up exercising.
8. What conclusion can we draw from the first paragraph?
A. Most weight-related exercises nearly have no effect.
B. Some people think exercising in the gym is difficult and tiring.
C. Running on a treadmill wont bring significant change.
D You'd better not go to the gym because of the risk of injury.
9. Compared with video games, VR games____________.
A. bring more fun to play.
B. take people less free time.
C. are more likely to bring players health benefits.
D. are more popular with people nowadays .
10. What can we know about the resistance machine?
A. It has been widely used in the gym.
B. There are some disadvantages of it.
C. J.P. Gownder highly recommends it.
D. When using it, people need to have a partner.
11. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Virtual exercise in the gym. B. Keep going to the gym
C. The boredom of exercise D. The popularity of VR games.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍“在健身房里进行的虚拟锻炼”。对一些人来说，没有什么比在跑步机上无休止地跑几英里更无聊的了。“一个人可以同时锻炼和娱乐，不管是不是虚拟的”，这是人们所想要的。所以不要放弃锻炼。
8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“ Some people think going to the gym takes time and effort, it often hurts,and it can be extremely boring.Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps(几次几组).In order to see any significant change from any one exercise, it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, for a minimum of three sets.for about three months.”可知,一些人认为去健身房需要时间和精力,经常会受伤,而且会非常无聊。大多数与体重有关的锻炼是几组练习和重复动作的组合。为了从任何一项运动中看出任何显著的变化,它可能需要重复六到八次,至少三组,持续大约三个月。由此可推知,一些人认为去健身房锻炼既艰难又累人。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知, Jo Stauffer认为过去玩电子游戏是一种久坐不动的经历。再根据第三段“ Many VR games are played while standing.In order to play properly, the players are forced to move around swinging their arms or using their legs.After an hour of this on a regular enough basis, it's not surprising that many people unexpectedly find themselves a little fitter.:”可知,很多虚拟现实游戏都是站着玩的。为了玩好,玩家被迫走来走去,摆动他们的手臂或使用他们的腿。经常这样玩一小时后,许多人意外地发现自己更健康一点并不奇怪。由此可推知,与电子游戏相比,虚拟现实游戏更可能给人们带来健康的好处。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ However, the cost of the equipment is expensive and there are safety concerns to be worked out, says J.P.Gownder”可知,J,P.Gonder说设备的费用昂贵,且有一些安全问题有待解决。由此可看出对抗机器有缺点。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍一些人认为去健身房锻炼使人筋疲力尽。第二、三段介绍了虚拟现实游戏可以减缓运动的无聊、活动人的全身,经常玩的话可以使人们更健康。第四段介绍了一家公司认识到了虚拟现实的好处,想将其引入健身馆,正在研发一种对抗机器,使人们得到全身的锻炼。文章最后一段劝诫人们不要放弃锻炼。A项“在健身房进行虚拟锻炼”适合作为文章的标题。故选A项。
D
Cooperation at work is generally considered a good thing.The latest survey by the Financial Times of what employers need from MBA graduates found that the ability to cope with a wide variety of people was what managers have wanted most.However,managers always find ways to balance the benefits of teamwork, which helps ensure that everyone is working towards the same goal.With the dangers of “groupthink”,critics are reluctant to point out a plan 's drawbacks for fear of being excluded by the group.The disastrous Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba in 1961 was a classic case of groupthink.Skeptics were unwilling to challenge John F.Kennedy, the newly elected American president.
Modern communication methods prove that cooperation is more frequent.Workers are constantly in touch with each other via e-mail messaging groups or mobile calls .However, does that develop, or lower performance? A new study by three American academics, tried to answer this question They set a logical problem( designing the shortest route for a travelling salesman visiting various cities ) Three groups were involved: one where subjects acted independently; another where they saw the solutions posted by team members at every stage; and a third where they were kept informed of each other' s views only intermittently.
The survey found that members of the: individualist group.reached the: premier solution more often than the constant cooperators but had a poorer average result The intermittent cooperators found the right result.as often as the individualists, and got a better average, solution.When it comes: to: perfect generation, giving: people a, bit of space to, a solution seems to be a great idea.Occasional cooperation can.be quite beneficial: most people have benefited from a colleague’s brainwave or (just as often)wise advice to avoid a, particular course of action.
Further clues come from.a book, Superminds, by.Thomas, Malone of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He says that three factors determine the collective intelligence of cooperating groups: social intelligence (how good people were at rating the emotional states of others); the extent to which members took part equally in conversation (the more equal, the better). and the cooperation of women in the group( the higher, the better Groups ranked highly in these areas cooperated far better than others did.
In short, cooperation may be a helpful tool but it does not work in every situation .
12. The author uses the example of The Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba in Paragraph 1 to__________.
A. prove that team players are skilled at communication.
B. prove that critics are unwilling to challenge anybody.
C. show that teamwork cannot always improving a situation.
D. show the danger of groupthink is not very serious.
13. The underlined phrase intermittent cooperators"in Paragraph 3 refers to__________.
A. those who do not cooperate but obtain the best solution.
B. those who are never informed of others’ views.
C. those who cooperate with others occasionally.
D the constant cooperators with a poor average result.
14. Which of the following factors makes a team cooperate better?
A. Group members cooperating all the time.
B. Group members in a good emotional state.
C. Equal distribution of men and women.
D. Equal participation in the communication.
15. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The meaning of teamwork.
B. In what ways teamwork operates.
C. Cooperation is, a useful tool.
D. Situations where teamwork works.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。工作上的合作通常被认为是一件好事。合作有用,但不是在任何情况下都如此。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的 With the dangers of“groupthink”, critics are reluctant to point out a plan's drawbacks for fear of being excluded by the group.F The disastrous Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba in 1961 was a classic case of groupthink“由于存在“群体思维”的危险，批评者不愿指出一项计划的缺陷，因为他们担心被群体排除在外。1961年入侵古巴的灾难性猪湾事件就是典型的群体思维”由此可知，teamwork是有危险的,会造成灾难性的事件,故选C项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“ The survey found that members of the individualist group reached the premier solution(第一流的解决方案) more often than the constant cooperators(经常合作者) but had a poorer average result.”“ 调查发现，与经常合作的人相比，个人主义小组的成员更容易达成首要解决方案，但平均结果较差。”结合下文“Occasional cooperation can be quite beneficial”,“偶尔的合作是非常有益的”。由此可以推出 Intermittent cooperators指的是偶尔合作者。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中social intelligence (how good people were at rating the emotional states of others); the extent to which members took part equally in conversation (the more equal, the better). and the cooperation of women in the group( the higher, the better Groups ranked highly in these areas cooperated far better than others did.“社会智商(人们对他人情绪状态的评价);成员平等参与谈话的程度(越平等越好)。组内女性的合作程度(得分越高，组内女性的合作程度越高)。”推断，“平等参与交流”能使团队合作得更好。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章的最后一句“ In short, cooperation may be a helpful tool but it does not work in every situation.”文章讲述的是“团队合作的情况。”故选D项。
【点睛】利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义，尤其是要抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义。本题第2小题，根据“ The survey found that members of the individualist group reached the premier solution(第一流的解决方案) more often than the constant cooperators(经常合作者) but had a poorer average result.”“ 调查发现，与经常合作的人相比，个人主义小组的成员更容易达成首要解决方案，但平均结果较差。”结合下文“Occasional cooperation can be quite beneficial”,“偶尔的合作是非常有益的”。由此可以推出 Intermittent cooperators指的是偶尔合作者。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's a nightmare to have to wait for exam results.___16___ If you’re stressed out after taking your exams, don't worry There are some steps you can take to calm down and reduce your stress.
Take some deep breaths.Stress and anxiety can trigger(引发) your body's “fight or flight”, response, making your breaths shallow and rapid.___17___Put one hand on your chest and the other on your abdomen(腹部).As you breathe, you should feel your abdomen expands along with your chest.
Try not to go over the exam in depth afterwards.some people find it comforting to talk to friends about what they have written.However, it only makes you worry about the answers you can't change.It is also a bad idea because your brain does not perform will under stressful conditions.You will be unable to think clearly right after a stressful exam___18___.
Get some exercise to relax.You might feel like hitting the gym or going for a run directly after an exam, and doing some exercise is a great, way to reduce stress!___19___After the exam, try doing exercise like jogging, swimming or cycling.Regular exercise has been shown to decrease stress and improve your sleep.
___20___Regardless of the results, you should celebrate the fact that you have worked hard on your exams. reward yourself by doing something you enjoy.You can do reading with your friends or family.Studies have shown that spending time with friends and loved ones is an excellent way to reduce stress and promote a sense of calm and well-being.
A.Do something enjoyable to relax.
B.Spend time with positive people.
C.Laughter is really the best medicine.
D.Fight this stress response by taking deep breath.
E.It can produce a kind of chemicals to improve your mood.
F.You may feel like you perform much worse than you actually do.
G.The situation will be worse if you aren't sure of your performance.
【答案】16. G 17. D
18. F 19. E
20. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些减少考试压力的方法。
【16题详解】
上文提示“等待考试结果是一场噩梦。”再根据下文提示“如果你考试后压力很大，不要担心”。选项G切题。句意:等待考试结果令人焦心(简直就是噩梦),尤其是如果你不知道自己考得怎样,情况会更糟。承接上下文。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文提示“压力和焦虑会触发你身体的“战或逃”反应，让你呼吸急促。”承接上文，D项Fight this stress response by taking deep breaths.（通过深呼吸来对抗这种压力反应。）切题。该项中的this stress response指的是making your breaths shallow and rapid。故选D项。
18题详解】
上文提示“一场紧张的考试之后，你将无法清晰地思考”。承接上文，F项You may feel like you perform much worse than you actually do.（你可能会觉得自己的表现比实际差很多。）切题。本段讲的是回顾考试及和他人交谈考试情况的不好之处。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文提示“你可能会想在考试后直接去健身房或跑步，做一些运动是一个很好的减压方式”。承接上文，E项It can produce a kind of chemicals to improve your mood.（它可以产生一种化学物质来改善你的情绪。）切题。本段讲的是通过锻炼来减压。选项中的代词it指代 doing some exercise。故选E项。
【20题详解】
该空位于段落开头，是本段主旨，应用祈使句。再根据下文提示“不管结果如何，你都应该为你在考试中努力学习而庆祝。”由此推知，A项Do something enjoyable to relax.（做一些有趣的事情来放松。）切题。文中有相关原词: relax。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)。)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was ____21____ along 165 north after delivering to one of his ___22___. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. ___23___he got closer, he found ___24___ vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed ___25___shooting out from under the ___26___vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and ___27___ the fire extinguisher(灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on ___28___ and told Larry he had ___29___ an emergency call. They ____30____ heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle. ____31____the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay____32____until the emergency personnel arrived, ____33____she thought the car was going to ____34____. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move ____35____she injured her neck.
Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man ____36____and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the ____37____if he was needed or ____38____ to go. They let him and the other man go.
One thing is ____39____— Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His ____40____most likely saved the woman’s life.
21. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing
22. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers
23. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If
24. A. each B. another C. that D. his
25. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam
26. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned
27. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled
28. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over
29. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed
30. A. then B. again C. finally D. even
31. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching
32. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm
33. A. for B. so C. and D. but
34. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash
35. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after
36. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out
37. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver
38. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free
39. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked
40. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在运输公司上班的Larry在送货回来的路上遇到了一辆侧翻的车子，还看到车下有火苗。于是他果断拿起灭火器扑灭了火苗。灭火后他才发现原来汽车里还有幸存的人员，他的行为挽救了他人的生命。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Larry正在给他的一个雇主送货后，正沿着165公路向北方行进。A．walking步行；B．touring旅行；C．traveling旅行，行进；D．rushing冲。Larry是一位运输司机，在完成工作后应该是开车行进在路上。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Larry正在给他的一个雇主送货后，正沿着165公路向北方行进。A．passengers乘客；B．colleagues同事；C．employers雇主；D．customers客户。文章中说Larry是一位运输司机，所以应该是送一位雇佣他的人。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：随着他渐渐靠近，他在路上发现了另一辆侧翻的车。A．Since自从，由于；B．Although尽管；C．As当……时候；D．If如果。根据语境判断，当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查代词辨析。句意：随着他渐渐靠近，他在路上发现了另一辆侧翻的车。A．each每一个；B．another另一个；C．that那个；D．his他的。根据前句Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on可知，当时有一辆亮着大灯的车，由此判断他又发现一辆损毁的汽车。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：再一看，他发现火焰从毁坏的车的车底下冒出来。A．flames火苗；B．smoke烟；C．water水；D．steam蒸汽。根据第一段末句the fire was put out可知，当时汽车是着火了。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：再一看，他发现火焰从毁坏的车的车底下冒出来。A．used使用；B．disabled残废的；C．removed被移除了的；D．abandoned被遗弃的。根据第二段中a women’s voice coming from the wrecked vehicle可知，汽车是被毁坏了的，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Larry驶到路边停下，踩刹车，拿起灭火器。A．got hold of拿起；B．prepared准备；C．took charge of负责；D．controlled控制。根据后句可知，他下车去灭火。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位开着车大灯的人走过来告诉Larry他打了紧急电话。A．came down下来；B．came through经历；C．came in进来；D．came over走过来。从and told Larry he had _48__ an emergency call可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位开着车大灯的人走过来告诉Larry他打了紧急电话。returned/receive a call接到电话；make a call打电话；confirmed。根据下文警察来了可知，这个司机打了电话报警。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他们听到一个女人的声音从毁坏的汽车里传出来。A．then那时；B．again再次；C．finally终于；D．even甚至。根据后文____11____the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.可知，然后他们听到车内有人发出的声音。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：靠近车子，他们看到一个女人正试图从破车窗里爬出来。A．Starting开始；B．Parking停车；C．Passing经过；D．Approaching靠近。根据上文可知，汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断当时Larry离汽车远，所以他是走近了之后才看到车内的那位女士。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们告诉她在急救人员赶到之前不要动。A．quiet安静的；B．still不动的；C．away远离的；D．calm沉着的。根据本段末句she should not move可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：但她以为车要爆炸了。A．for因为；B．so因此；C．and表示并列；D．but表示转折。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她以为车要爆炸了。A．explode爆炸；B．slip away溜走；C．fall apart崩溃；D．crash碰撞。从前面这位女士努力从车子里面出来，加上前面提到的火苗，她认为车子要爆炸了。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：她不应该动以免伤到颈椎。A．as if好像；B．unless除非；C．in case以防万一；D．after在……后面。根据上文可知，Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，此处表示目的。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Larry和另一个人退后，让他们（急救人员）去工作。A．stepped forward走向前；B．backed off后退；C．moved on开始，前进；D．set out动身，出发。根据后句内容可以推断，他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，Larry问警察要他们帮忙还是要他们自由离开。A．woman妇女；B．police警察；C．man男人；D．driver司机。救援人员当然是指医护人员和警察，故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词辨析及语境理解。句意：然后，Larry问警察要他们帮忙还是要他们自由离开。A．forbidden被禁止的；B．ready有准备的；C．asked被问到的；D．free自由的。根据后句They let him and the other man go.可知，Larry询问警察是让他留下还是自由离开，故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：这件事是肯定的。A．for certain肯定地；确凿地；B．for consideration考虑到；C．reported报道；D．checked核实。根据上文可知，Larry救人的事实是确定无疑的。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的努力很可能挽救了那个女人的生命。A．patience耐心；B．skills技能；C．efforts努力；D．promise承诺。根据从上文可知，Larry的努力挽救了别人的性命。故选C项。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第5小题要求判断Larry发现什么。该题可根据这一段的末句Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.可知，Larry发现火焰从毁坏的车的车底下冒出来。故选A项。
还可以根据生活常识进行解答。比如：17小题判断Larry问谁，上文提到Once fire and emergency people arrived，救援人员到了，救援人员一般是指医护人员和警察，故选B项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Living a life with meaning and purpose is the key to improving your psychological well-being.Your purpose doesn't___41___(necessary), have to involve changing the world or finding a career ___42___(devote) to helping others.Instead, you might make it your purpose to be kind every day.
___43___you feel like your life lacks purpose, don't worry.There are many ways you can find purpose in life and build a life that has more meanings.You can begin by thinking about the legacy(遗赠) you would like to leave behind.Write down how you’d like to ___44___(remember) at the end: of your life, or think about the impact you want to leave ___45___the planet.Then, establish some___46___(objective)that can help you reach those goals.___47___(work) toward your goals will give you a reason, to get out of bed every day, beyond earning money.
Thinking positively___48___(improve) your psychological well-being.In turn, as your psychological well-being improves,___49___ becomes easier to think positively and feel good overall.Spend time thinking about some of the best memories - of your life.Whether it's a family vacation you went on 10 years ago or you won an award at work two years ago, recalling the ___50___(happy) times in your life can bring more positivity to your thinking.
【答案】41. necessarily
42. devoted
43. If/When
44. be remembered
45. On 46. objectives
47. Working
48. Improves/ will improve
49. it 50. happiest
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章论述的是过有意义有目的的生活是改善心理健康的关键。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的职业。固定搭配：not necessarily“不一定”。此处是用副词修饰动词 have to。故填necessarily。
【42题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的职业。固定搭配：be devoted to“致力于，专心于”。此处用过去分词短语做后置定语,相当于定语从句which is devoted。故填devoted。
【43题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：如果或当你觉得你的生活缺乏目标，不要担心。此处是条件或时间状语从句的引导词，置句首单词首字母大写。故填If/When。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式，或者想一想你希望给这个星球留下的影响。固定搭配：would like to do sth.“愿意做某事”。此处句子主语you和remember之间是一种被动关系，用被动形式表达“你想怎样被记住”。故填be remembered。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式，或者想一想你希望给这个星球留下的影响。on the planet “在这个星球上”,故填on。
【46题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：然后，建立一些目标来帮助你实现这些目标。some后面跟名词复数，故填objectives。
【47题详解】
考查动名词作主语。句意：不止是挣钱，每天从床上爬起来朝着你的目标努力会给你一个理由。此处是动名词作主语，故填Working。
【48题详解】
考查时态。句意：积极的思考会改善你的心理健康。此句中缺乏谓语,主语是动名词，文章主时态是一般现在时，根据句意，此处需要用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式或将来时,故填improves/ will improve。
【49题详解】
考查it作形式主语。句意：反过来，随着你的心理健康状况的改善，你会更容易积极地思考，整体感觉也会更好。此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。
【50题详解】
考查最高级。句意：无论是10年前的家庭度假，还是两年前在工作中获奖，回忆生活中最快乐的时光都能给你的思想带来更多的积极因素。与前句中的 the best memories相对应，应用 happy的最高级形式。故填happiest。
第四部分 写作(共两节满分35分).
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词的下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last term, I went to America for a student exchange programme. Before go, I was quite proud in my English. But everyone in America spoke so fast that I couldn’t make out that what they were saying. Being in completely different culture was frightened and I even wanted to go straight back home.
However, thing soon got better and better. The host family was very king. Fortunately, the boy that I stay with was crazy about football, that made my stay enjoyable. Beside, being an exchange student offered me a chance improve my English.
【答案】1. before →going 2. proud →of 3. 去掉make out 后面的that 4. completely 前面加a 5. frightened →frightening 6. thing →things 7. with 前面的stay →stayed 8. made前的that →which 9. Beside →Besides 10. improve 前面加to
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为交换生去美国。去美国以前作者的英语很差。但是去了之后越来越好。成为一个交换生给了作者提高英语的机会。
【详解】1.考查动名词作宾语。此处Before“在……之前”，是介词，后面用动名词做宾语，故把before 后面的go 改为going。
2.考查固定词组。固定词组：be proud of“以……而自豪”，故把proud 后面的in 改为of。
3.考查宾语从句。句意：但是每个美国人都说得太快了，我听不清他们在说什么。此处make out后面是一个宾语从句，从句的引导词既引导宾语从句又要做宾语从句谓语动词的宾语，其双重作用，应该用what，故去掉make out 后面的that。
4.考查不定冠词。句意：身处一个完全不同的文化环境让是令人害怕的，我甚至想直接回家。此处culture是一个可数名词，指“一个完全不同的文化”，结合句意可知在completely 前面加a。
5. 考查动词-ing和动词-ed的用法。句意：身处一个完全不同的文化环境让是令人害怕的，我甚至想直接回家。frightened “感到害怕的”，通常修饰“人”；frightening “令人害怕的”，通常修饰“物”。此处指“这个环境是令人害怕的”，故把frightened 改为frightening。
6.考查名词复数。句意：然而，事情很快变得越来越好。此处句子主语thing“事情”是可数名词，不止是一种“事情，情况”，所以用名词复数，故把thing 改为things。
7.考查一般过去时态。句意：幸运的是，和我住在一起的那个男孩对足球很着迷，这让我过得很愉快。文章是讲过去的事情所以句子用一般过去时态，故把with 前面的stay 改为stayed。
8. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：幸运的是，和我住在一起的那个男孩对足球很着迷，这让我过得很愉快。整个句子做先行词，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，后面的定语从句应用which引导，故把made前的that 改为which。
9. 考查连接副词的用法。句意：此外，作为交换学生给了我一个提高英语水平的机会。结合上句，前后是一种递进关系，故把Beside 改为Besides。
10.考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：此外，作为交换学生给了我一个提高英语水平的机会。此处是动词不定式修饰限制a chance，是动词不定式做后置定语，故在improve 前面加to。
【点睛】表示情感的现在分词和过去分词
surprising令人惊讶的，surprised感到惊讶；frightening令人害怕的， frightened感到害怕； moving令人感动的， moved 感动；exciting 令人兴奋的，excited 感到兴奋；boring令人厌烦的， bored感到厌烦。现在分词通常修饰“物”；过去分词通常修饰指“人”。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52.假定你是李华你受外教Tony之邀,将于本周末去市郊森林公园骑行,但你还有一些情况不清楚请你给他发一封邮件询问一下。具体内容如下:
1.出发和返回时间；
2.可否带同伴；
3.午餐安排
注意:1.词数100左右
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Tonny,
I'm Li Hua.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tonny
I’m Li Hua.It's my honor to be invited to go cycling with you in the forest park this weekend But with something unclear, I'm writing to ask you for some information.
To begin with, I'm eager to know when we will start and return so that I can make a proper arrangement.I' m also wondering whether I can invite a few friends to go with us.I think our trip will be more enjoyable if more cycling lovers join us.Besides, what about our lunch? My suggestion is that we bring our lunch in case there is no food available when we are hungry.
I’d be appreciated if you could give me an early reply .
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假定你是李华你受外教Tony之邀,将于本周末去市郊森林公园骑行,但你还有一些情况不清楚请你给他发一封邮件询问一下。具体内容如下:1.出发和返回时间；2.可否带同伴；3.午餐安排。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：in the forest park（在森林公园）；To begin with（开始）；make a proper arrangement（做一个正确的安排）；等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。It's my honor to be invited to go cycling with you in the forest park this weekend.动词不定式作真正主语；I'm eager to know when we will start and return so that I can make a proper arrangement.句中so that引导目的状语从句；I think our trip will be more enjoyable if more cycling lovers join us.句中if引导条件状语从句；I' m also wondering whether I can invite a few friends to go with us.句中whether引导宾语从句；My suggestion is that we bring our lunch in case there is no food available when we are hungry.句中that引导表语从句，when引导时间状语从句。
雅礼中学2020届高三月考试卷(一)
英语试题
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where does this conversation probably take place?
AIn a restaurant. B.In a department store. C.In the office.
2.when will the man leave?
A.At 7:20. B.At 7:30. C.At 8:00..
3.Why did Belinda quit her job?
A.Because she lost interest in her job.
B.Because she wanted to make more money.
C.Because she didn't want to work such long hours.
4.What will the man probably do with the computer?
A.Have it fixed. B.Give it to the woman. C.get a new one.
5.What is the relationship between the speakers?
A.Father and daughter. B.Teacher and student. C.Classmates.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.How will the man create jobs?
A.By training new workers. B.By attracting more businesses. C.By providing more cleaning jobs.
7.What is the man doing?
A.Being interviewed. B.Giving a speech. C.Trying to raise money.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Where are the speakers?
A.In car. B.On a boat. C.On a motorcycle.
9.What is the woman doing?
A.Looking at a paper map. B.Trying to find a website. C.Using a phone to give directions.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.How often does the man do his part-time job?
A.Once a week. B.Twice a week.. C.Three times a week.
1l.Where did the woman get a part-time job?
A.At the post office. B.At a cafe. C.At a bookstore.
12.What does the, man.do with his part-time income?
A.He saves all of it for trips.
B.He spends some of it on clothes.
C.He buys books with some of it .
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.What did the man watch on TV last night?
A.A play. B.A basketball match. C.A football match.
14.How did the man go to work this morning?
A.By taxi B By train. C.By bus.
15.When did the man arrive at the office?
A.At 9: 00 am. B.At 10: 00 am. C.At 10:30am.
16.Who's the woman probably?
A.The man's boss. B.The man's colleague. C.The man's friend.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What is the highest temperature in summer in Oymyakon?
A.25℃. B.35℃. C.45℃
18.What do people in Oymyakon have now?
A.Indoor bathrooms. B.Mobile phones. C.Televisions.
19.What was Oymyakon famous for in the past?
A.The extreme weather. B.Some oldest people in the country. C.A Hollywood actor's visit.
20.What can we learn about Oymyakon from the talk?
A.The young people there dream of modern life.
B.Ewan McGregor visited Oymyakon in winter.
A foreigner built the first hotel in Oymyakon.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Three men have had a big influence on modern sound and communication technologies.We started with the beginnings of computer-generated music.
Max Vernon Mathews
Max Vernon Mathews has been called the father of computer music.He created electronic tools so that people could use computers, as musical instruments.He had a huge influence on the development of electronic music and how it is written, recorded and played.In 1957, Max wrote the first: computer program, Music,to enable a computer to create sound and play it back. The computer was so slow that it would have taken an hour to play the piece of music. in seventeen seconds.For that reason,Mathews moved the work to a tape player, which could be sped up to play the music at a normal speed.
Mathews continued creating other versions of the Music program.He became interested in how computers could help musicians outside recording studios.The Groove program he developed was the first computer program made for live performances.
Norio Ohga
Sony Corporation official Norio Ohga helped to develop, the compact disc in the late 1970s.
He pushed for CDs to be larger, and with a longer playing time.He wanted them to hold seventy-five minutes so that they could store all of Bcethoven's Ninth Symphony on one disc.This way, listeners could enjoy the musical work without any break.The compact disc changed the electronics industry and the way people listened to music.
Hubert Joseph Schlafly
Hubert Joseph Schlafly was an electrical engineer who helped change the way actors, politicians and other people speak on television.In 1950, he and two other men developed the teleprompter.One co-worker, Fred Barton, was an actor.He had an idea for a tool that would help television actors read their lines without having to memorize them.The first teleprompter involved a person who turned a long plece of paper printed with tall letters, As the actor read the lines, another person would, move the paper ahead on the device.Later versions used television screens to show the words that were to be read.
1. Why did Mathews give up using computers to create sound and play it back?
A. Because he wanted to use computers as musical instruments.
B. Because he couldn’t create sound on computers.
C. Because he wanted to enjoy musical work without any break.
D. Because he wanted to find better ways to create sound with modern technologies.
2. What's the meaning of the underlined word teleprompter?
A. 投影仪 B. 电子提词机
C. 屏蔽仪 D. 显示屏
3. From the writing, we can learn that________.
A. Mathews' first computer program could play the music at a normal speed
B. the Groove program was the first computer program made for live performances by Hubert Joseph Schlafly.
C. owing to Norio Ohga, people can enjoy all of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony on one disc.
D. only Hubert Joscph Schlafly and Fred Barton worked together to develop the prompter.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三个人对现代音响和通讯技术产生的重大影响。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Max Vernon Mathews中的 The computer was so slow that it would have taken an hour to play the piece of music in seventeen seconds.For that reason, Mathews moved the work to a tape player, which could be sped up to play the music at a normal speed.“电脑太慢了，播放一段17秒内的音乐需要一个小时。出于这个原因，马修斯把作品搬到了一台磁带播放器上，这可以对其进行加速，以正常速度播放音乐。”可知，Mathews放弃了用电脑创造并播放它，是因为他想找到更好的方法用现代技术创造声音。故选D项。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据 Huber Joseph Schlafly的描述One co-worker, Fred Barton, was an actor.He had an idea for a tool that would help television actors read their lines without having to memorize them.“他的一个同事弗莱德·巴顿是个演员。他想到了一个工具，可以帮助电视演员读台词而不需要记住台词。”可知 ，“在1950年，他和另外两个人发明了提词机。”由此推知，teleprompter的意思为“电子提词机”。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Co M Norio Ohga 中的He pushed for CDs to be larger, and with a longer playing time.He wanted them to hold seventy-five minutes so that they could store all of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony on one disc.“他极力要求CDs的尺寸更大，播放时间更长。他想让他们保持75分钟，这样他们就可以把贝多芬的第九交响曲全部存储在一张唱片上。”可知，从文章中，我们可以了解到，由于Norio Ohga，人们可以在一张唱片上欣赏贝多芬的第九交响曲。故选C项。
B
Our tolerating ability is indeed way beyond our imagination.But not until the very critical moment will we realize our potential tolerating ability.
There was a woman in the countryside who got married at the age of 18 and had to escape with her two daughters and a son wherever she could at the age of 26 due to the Japanese army’s invasion, Many people could not bear the suffering of being a fugitive (逃亡者)and wanted to commit suicide.Knowing that, she would come to those people and soothed them by saying, "Don' t do that silly thing.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome.The Japanese armies are bound to be driven away one day!”
Finally, she insisted until the day when all the Japanese armies were kicked out of China.However, her son died of disease without sufficient medicine and nutrition in those days of hardships.Her husband, after knowing the death of his son, lay in bed for two days without eating and drinking anything.She teared to her husband and said, “We have a tough destiny, but however tough our lives will be, we should persist in our efforts.”
After she gave birth to the second son, her husband died of edema (水肿), which almost, blew her away.But eventually, she recovered and embraced the three young children, saying, "My sweet hearts, don,: feel scared.You still have me, your dear mum!”
It took her painstaking efforts to raise her children up and, the life of her family was getting better and better.Two daughters were married and so was her son finally.She said to everyone she met,"Look! What I said is absolutely right.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome! My life is so happy now!”
She lived until 86.Before she went to Heaven, she said to her children, You all should live to your best.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome!”
4. What does the underlined word"soothed"in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Criticized. B. Evaluated.
C. Thrilled. D. Comforted.
5. what caused the woman’s son’s death?
A. Japanese invasion. B. Her husband's death.
C. Lack of nutrition and medicine. D. a disease called edema.
6. Which of the following best describes the woman?
A. Persistent. B. Miserable
C. Scared. D. Intolerant.
7. The passage mainly wants to tell us that__________.
A. the woman was leading a tough life
B. the woman showed great love to her kids
C. hardships can be overcome with an iron will and strong tolerating ability
D. invading other countries would make people there suffer a lot
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者讲述一个坚强女性的故事，告诉我们“坚强和坚忍可以帮助我们克服困难。” 我们的忍耐力确实超出了我们的想象。但直到关键时刻，我们才会意识到自己潜在的承受能力。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。从后面她所说的话Don't do that silly thing.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome.The Japanese armies are bound to be driven away one day!”中可以看出,她安慰大家没有过不去的坎,日本鬼子总有一天会被赶出去的,该词应该是“安慰”的意思。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段第二句话However, her son died of disease without sufficient medicine and nutrition in those days of hardships.“然而，在那些艰难的日子里没有足够的药物和营养，她的儿子死于疾病。”可知,她儿子由于缺医少药又极度缺乏营养,因病夭折了。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。结合全文内容及第三段她对她丈夫说的话She teared to her husband and said, “We have a tough destiny, but however tough our lives will be, we should persist in our efforts.” 她流着泪对丈夫说:“我们的命运很艰难，但无论我们的生活多么艰难，我们都应该坚持我们的努力。”可知，她是一个坚持不懈,有很强承受能力的人。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。结合首尾段Our tolerating ability is indeed way beyond our imagination.But not until the very critical moment will we realize our potential tolerating ability.“我们的忍耐力确实超出了我们的想象。但直到关键时刻，我们才会意识到自己潜在的承受能力。”和She lived until 86.Before she went to Heaven, she said to her children, You all should live to your best.There are no such setbacks that we could not overcome!” 她活到86岁。在她去天堂之前，她对她的孩子们说:你们都应该好好地生活。没有过不去的坎!”及文章主线可知,文章主要讲述坚强和坚忍可以帮助我们克服困难。故选C项。
C
Some people think going to the gym takes time and effort, it often hurts, and it can be extremely boring.Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps(几次几组).In order to see any significant change from any one exercise,it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, for a minimum of three sets, for about three months: Then there' s aerobics(有氧运动).For some, there's nothing more boring than endless miles spent running on a treadmill(跑步机).
But what if there is a way to reduce the boredom of exercise while still getting a good workout? Luckily for us, there’s virtual reality (VR).
“In the past, playing video games was a sedentary(久坐不动的) experience:,"says Jo Stauffer of the VR Heaitn-institute, but VR changes all of that.” Many, VR games are played while standing In order to play properly, the players are forced to move around swinging their arms or using their legs.After an hour of this on a regular enough basis, it's not surprising, that many people unexpectedly find themselves a little fitter .There are already a number of virtual reality games which, deliberately or not, result in their player “getting a good sweat on” if played for enough time.For example, there's a music game which forces players to shadow box(做空拳攻防练习) in order to hit the notes---that's an upper-body workout.
The benefit of VR has been noticed by one company.They want to take the whole experience into the gym. They are making a resistance machine, designed to be used in combination with a VR headset. Players challenge a virtual competitor in a series of games,which results in a 30-minute full-body workout.However, the cost of the equipment is expensive and there are safety concerns to be worked out, says J.P.Gownder from the consultancy Forrester.
Although it's early days, for those: of us who struggle to overcome the boredom of exercise,a new solution could be coming.And a world where a person can exercise and have fun at the same time might be something that many people would want-virtual or not.So don' t give up exercising.
8. What conclusion can we draw from the first paragraph?
A. Most weight-related exercises nearly have no effect.
B. Some people think exercising in the gym is difficult and tiring.
C. Running on a treadmill wont bring significant change.
D You'd better not go to the gym because of the risk of injury.
9. Compared with video games, VR games____________.
A. bring more fun to play.
B. take people less free time.
C. are more likely to bring players health benefits.
D. are more popular with people nowadays .
10. What can we know about the resistance machine?
A. It has been widely used in the gym.
B. There are some disadvantages of it.
C. J.P. Gownder highly recommends it.
D. When using it, people need to have a partner.
11. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Virtual exercise in the gym. B. Keep going to the gym
C. The boredom of exercise D. The popularity of VR games.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍“在健身房里进行的虚拟锻炼”。对一些人来说，没有什么比在跑步机上无休止地跑几英里更无聊的了。“一个人可以同时锻炼和娱乐，不管是不是虚拟的”，这是人们所想要的。所以不要放弃锻炼。
8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“ Some people think going to the gym takes time and effort, it often hurts,and it can be extremely boring.Most weight-related exercises are a combination of sets and reps(几次几组).In order to see any significant change from any one exercise, it will probably need to be repeated six to eight times, for a minimum of three sets.for about three months.”可知,一些人认为去健身房需要时间和精力,经常会受伤,而且会非常无聊。大多数与体重有关的锻炼是几组练习和重复动作的组合。为了从任何一项运动中看出任何显著的变化,它可能需要重复六到八次,至少三组,持续大约三个月。由此可推知,一些人认为去健身房锻炼既艰难又累人。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知, Jo Stauffer认为过去玩电子游戏是一种久坐不动的经历。再根据第三段“ Many VR games are played while standing.In order to play properly, the players are forced to move around swinging their arms or using their legs.After an hour of this on a regular enough basis, it's not surprising that many people unexpectedly find themselves a little fitter.:”可知,很多虚拟现实游戏都是站着玩的。为了玩好,玩家被迫走来走去,摆动他们的手臂或使用他们的腿。经常这样玩一小时后,许多人意外地发现自己更健康一点并不奇怪。由此可推知,与电子游戏相比,虚拟现实游戏更可能给人们带来健康的好处。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ However, the cost of the equipment is expensive and there are safety concerns to be worked out, says J.P.Gownder”可知,J,P.Gonder说设备的费用昂贵,且有一些安全问题有待解决。由此可看出对抗机器有缺点。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍一些人认为去健身房锻炼使人筋疲力尽。第二、三段介绍了虚拟现实游戏可以减缓运动的无聊、活动人的全身,经常玩的话可以使人们更健康。第四段介绍了一家公司认识到了虚拟现实的好处,想将其引入健身馆,正在研发一种对抗机器,使人们得到全身的锻炼。文章最后一段劝诫人们不要放弃锻炼。A项“在健身房进行虚拟锻炼”适合作为文章的标题。故选A项。
D
Cooperation at work is generally considered a good thing.The latest survey by the Financial Times of what employers need from MBA graduates found that the ability to cope with a wide variety of people was what managers have wanted most.However,managers always find ways to balance the benefits of teamwork, which helps ensure that everyone is working towards the same goal.With the dangers of “groupthink”,critics are reluctant to point out a plan 's drawbacks for fear of being excluded by the group.The disastrous Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba in 1961 was a classic case of groupthink.Skeptics were unwilling to challenge John F.Kennedy, the newly elected American president.
Modern communication methods prove that cooperation is more frequent.Workers are constantly in touch with each other via e-mail messaging groups or mobile calls .However, does that develop, or lower performance? A new study by three American academics, tried to answer this question They set a logical problem( designing the shortest route for a travelling salesman visiting various cities ) Three groups were involved: one where subjects acted independently; another where they saw the solutions posted by team members at every stage; and a third where they were kept informed of each other' s views only intermittently.
The survey found that members of the: individualist group.reached the: premier solution more often than the constant cooperators but had a poorer average result The intermittent cooperators found the right result.as often as the individualists, and got a better average, solution.When it comes: to: perfect generation, giving: people a, bit of space to, a solution seems to be a great idea.Occasional cooperation can.be quite beneficial: most people have benefited from a colleague’s brainwave or (just as often)wise advice to avoid a, particular course of action.
Further clues come from.a book, Superminds, by.Thomas, Malone of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He says that three factors determine the collective intelligence of cooperating groups: social intelligence (how good people were at rating the emotional states of others); the extent to which members took part equally in conversation (the more equal, the better). and the cooperation of women in the group( the higher, the better Groups ranked highly in these areas cooperated far better than others did.
In short, cooperation may be a helpful tool but it does not work in every situation .
12. The author uses the example of The Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba in Paragraph 1 to__________.
A. prove that team players are skilled at communication.
B. prove that critics are unwilling to challenge anybody.
C. show that teamwork cannot always improving a situation.
D. show the danger of groupthink is not very serious.
13. The underlined phrase intermittent cooperators"in Paragraph 3 refers to__________.
A. those who do not cooperate but obtain the best solution.
B. those who are never informed of others’ views.
C. those who cooperate with others occasionally.
D the constant cooperators with a poor average result.
14. Which of the following factors makes a team cooperate better?
A. Group members cooperating all the time.
B. Group members in a good emotional state.
C. Equal distribution of men and women.
D. Equal participation in the communication.
15. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The meaning of teamwork.
B. In what ways teamwork operates.
C. Cooperation is, a useful tool.
D. Situations where teamwork works.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。工作上的合作通常被认为是一件好事。合作有用,但不是在任何情况下都如此。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的 With the dangers of“groupthink”, critics are reluctant to point out a plan's drawbacks for fear of being excluded by the group.F The disastrous Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba in 1961 was a classic case of groupthink“由于存在“群体思维”的危险，批评者不愿指出一项计划的缺陷，因为他们担心被群体排除在外。1961年入侵古巴的灾难性猪湾事件就是典型的群体思维”由此可知，teamwork是有危险的,会造成灾难性的事件,故选C项。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“ The survey found that members of the individualist group reached the premier solution(第一流的解决方案) more often than the constant cooperators(经常合作者) but had a poorer average result.”“ 调查发现，与经常合作的人相比，个人主义小组的成员更容易达成首要解决方案，但平均结果较差。”结合下文“Occasional cooperation can be quite beneficial”,“偶尔的合作是非常有益的”。由此可以推出 Intermittent cooperators指的是偶尔合作者。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中social intelligence (how good people were at rating the emotional states of others); the extent to which members took part equally in conversation (the more equal, the better). and the cooperation of women in the group( the higher, the better Groups ranked highly in these areas cooperated far better than others did.“社会智商(人们对他人情绪状态的评价);成员平等参与谈话的程度(越平等越好)。组内女性的合作程度(得分越高，组内女性的合作程度越高)。”推断，“平等参与交流”能使团队合作得更好。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章的最后一句“ In short, cooperation may be a helpful tool but it does not work in every situation.”文章讲述的是“团队合作的情况。”故选D项。
【点睛】利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义，尤其是要抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义。本题第2小题，根据“ The survey found that members of the individualist group reached the premier solution(第一流的解决方案) more often than the constant cooperators(经常合作者) but had a poorer average result.”“ 调查发现，与经常合作的人相比，个人主义小组的成员更容易达成首要解决方案，但平均结果较差。”结合下文“Occasional cooperation can be quite beneficial”,“偶尔的合作是非常有益的”。由此可以推出 Intermittent cooperators指的是偶尔合作者。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's a nightmare to have to wait for exam results.___16___ If you’re stressed out after taking your exams, don't worry There are some steps you can take to calm down and reduce your stress.
Take some deep breaths.Stress and anxiety can trigger(引发) your body's “fight or flight”, response, making your breaths shallow and rapid.___17___Put one hand on your chest and the other on your abdomen(腹部).As you breathe, you should feel your abdomen expands along with your chest.
Try not to go over the exam in depth afterwards.some people find it comforting to talk to friends about what they have written.However, it only makes you worry about the answers you can't change.It is also a bad idea because your brain does not perform will under stressful conditions.You will be unable to think clearly right after a stressful exam___18___.
Get some exercise to relax.You might feel like hitting the gym or going for a run directly after an exam, and doing some exercise is a great, way to reduce stress!___19___After the exam, try doing exercise like jogging, swimming or cycling.Regular exercise has been shown to decrease stress and improve your sleep.
___20___Regardless of the results, you should celebrate the fact that you have worked hard on your exams. reward yourself by doing something you enjoy.You can do reading with your friends or family.Studies have shown that spending time with friends and loved ones is an excellent way to reduce stress and promote a sense of calm and well-being.
A.Do something enjoyable to relax.
B.Spend time with positive people.
C.Laughter is really the best medicine.
D.Fight this stress response by taking deep breath.
E.It can produce a kind of chemicals to improve your mood.
F.You may feel like you perform much worse than you actually do.
G.The situation will be worse if you aren't sure of your performance.
【答案】16. G 17. D
18. F 19. E
20. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些减少考试压力的方法。
【16题详解】
上文提示“等待考试结果是一场噩梦。”再根据下文提示“如果你考试后压力很大，不要担心”。选项G切题。句意:等待考试结果令人焦心(简直就是噩梦),尤其是如果你不知道自己考得怎样,情况会更糟。承接上下文。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文提示“压力和焦虑会触发你身体的“战或逃”反应，让你呼吸急促。”承接上文，D项Fight this stress response by taking deep breaths.（通过深呼吸来对抗这种压力反应。）切题。该项中的this stress response指的是making your breaths shallow and rapid。故选D项。
18题详解】
上文提示“一场紧张的考试之后，你将无法清晰地思考”。承接上文，F项You may feel like you perform much worse than you actually do.（你可能会觉得自己的表现比实际差很多。）切题。本段讲的是回顾考试及和他人交谈考试情况的不好之处。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文提示“你可能会想在考试后直接去健身房或跑步，做一些运动是一个很好的减压方式”。承接上文，E项It can produce a kind of chemicals to improve your mood.（它可以产生一种化学物质来改善你的情绪。）切题。本段讲的是通过锻炼来减压。选项中的代词it指代 doing some exercise。故选E项。
【20题详解】
该空位于段落开头，是本段主旨，应用祈使句。再根据下文提示“不管结果如何，你都应该为你在考试中努力学习而庆祝。”由此推知，A项Do something enjoyable to relax.（做一些有趣的事情来放松。）切题。文中有相关原词: relax。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)。)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was ____21____ along 165 north after delivering to one of his ___22___. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. ___23___he got closer, he found ___24___ vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed ___25___shooting out from under the ___26___vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and ___27___ the fire extinguisher(灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on ___28___ and told Larry he had ___29___ an emergency call. They ____30____ heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle. ____31____the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay____32____until the emergency personnel arrived, ____33____she thought the car was going to ____34____. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move ____35____she injured her neck.
Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man ____36____and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the ____37____if he was needed or ____38____ to go. They let him and the other man go.
One thing is ____39____— Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His ____40____most likely saved the woman’s life.
21. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing
22. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers
23. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If
24. A. each B. another C. that D. his
25. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam
26. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned
27. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled
28. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over
29. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed
30. A. then B. again C. finally D. even
31. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching
32. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm
33. A. for B. so C. and D. but
34. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash
35. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after
36. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out
37. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver
38. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free
39. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked
40. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在运输公司上班的Larry在送货回来的路上遇到了一辆侧翻的车子，还看到车下有火苗。于是他果断拿起灭火器扑灭了火苗。灭火后他才发现原来汽车里还有幸存的人员，他的行为挽救了他人的生命。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Larry正在给他的一个雇主送货后，正沿着165公路向北方行进。A．walking步行；B．touring旅行；C．traveling旅行，行进；D．rushing冲。Larry是一位运输司机，在完成工作后应该是开车行进在路上。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Larry正在给他的一个雇主送货后，正沿着165公路向北方行进。A．passengers乘客；B．colleagues同事；C．employers雇主；D．customers客户。文章中说Larry是一位运输司机，所以应该是送一位雇佣他的人。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：随着他渐渐靠近，他在路上发现了另一辆侧翻的车。A．Since自从，由于；B．Although尽管；C．As当……时候；D．If如果。根据语境判断，当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查代词辨析。句意：随着他渐渐靠近，他在路上发现了另一辆侧翻的车。A．each每一个；B．another另一个；C．that那个；D．his他的。根据前句Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on可知，当时有一辆亮着大灯的车，由此判断他又发现一辆损毁的汽车。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：再一看，他发现火焰从毁坏的车的车底下冒出来。A．flames火苗；B．smoke烟；C．water水；D．steam蒸汽。根据第一段末句the fire was put out可知，当时汽车是着火了。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：再一看，他发现火焰从毁坏的车的车底下冒出来。A．used使用；B．disabled残废的；C．removed被移除了的；D．abandoned被遗弃的。根据第二段中a women’s voice coming from the wrecked vehicle可知，汽车是被毁坏了的，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Larry驶到路边停下，踩刹车，拿起灭火器。A．got hold of拿起；B．prepared准备；C．took charge of负责；D．controlled控制。根据后句可知，他下车去灭火。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位开着车大灯的人走过来告诉Larry他打了紧急电话。A．came down下来；B．came through经历；C．came in进来；D．came over走过来。从and told Larry he had _48__ an emergency call可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位开着车大灯的人走过来告诉Larry他打了紧急电话。returned/receive a call接到电话；make a call打电话；confirmed。根据下文警察来了可知，这个司机打了电话报警。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他们听到一个女人的声音从毁坏的汽车里传出来。A．then那时；B．again再次；C．finally终于；D．even甚至。根据后文____11____the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.可知，然后他们听到车内有人发出的声音。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：靠近车子，他们看到一个女人正试图从破车窗里爬出来。A．Starting开始；B．Parking停车；C．Passing经过；D．Approaching靠近。根据上文可知，汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断当时Larry离汽车远，所以他是走近了之后才看到车内的那位女士。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们告诉她在急救人员赶到之前不要动。A．quiet安静的；B．still不动的；C．away远离的；D．calm沉着的。根据本段末句she should not move可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查连词辨析。句意：但她以为车要爆炸了。A．for因为；B．so因此；C．and表示并列；D．but表示转折。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她以为车要爆炸了。A．explode爆炸；B．slip away溜走；C．fall apart崩溃；D．crash碰撞。从前面这位女士努力从车子里面出来，加上前面提到的火苗，她认为车子要爆炸了。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：她不应该动以免伤到颈椎。A．as if好像；B．unless除非；C．in case以防万一；D．after在……后面。根据上文可知，Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，此处表示目的。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Larry和另一个人退后，让他们（急救人员）去工作。A．stepped forward走向前；B．backed off后退；C．moved on开始，前进；D．set out动身，出发。根据后句内容可以推断，他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，Larry问警察要他们帮忙还是要他们自由离开。A．woman妇女；B．police警察；C．man男人；D．driver司机。救援人员当然是指医护人员和警察，故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词辨析及语境理解。句意：然后，Larry问警察要他们帮忙还是要他们自由离开。A．forbidden被禁止的；B．ready有准备的；C．asked被问到的；D．free自由的。根据后句They let him and the other man go.可知，Larry询问警察是让他留下还是自由离开，故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：这件事是肯定的。A．for certain肯定地；确凿地；B．for consideration考虑到；C．reported报道；D．checked核实。根据上文可知，Larry救人的事实是确定无疑的。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的努力很可能挽救了那个女人的生命。A．patience耐心；B．skills技能；C．efforts努力；D．promise承诺。根据从上文可知，Larry的努力挽救了别人的性命。故选C项。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第5小题要求判断Larry发现什么。该题可根据这一段的末句Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.可知，Larry发现火焰从毁坏的车的车底下冒出来。故选A项。
还可以根据生活常识进行解答。比如：17小题判断Larry问谁，上文提到Once fire and emergency people arrived，救援人员到了，救援人员一般是指医护人员和警察，故选B项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Living a life with meaning and purpose is the key to improving your psychological well-being.Your purpose doesn't___41___(necessary), have to involve changing the world or finding a career ___42___(devote) to helping others.Instead, you might make it your purpose to be kind every day.
___43___you feel like your life lacks purpose, don't worry.There are many ways you can find purpose in life and build a life that has more meanings.You can begin by thinking about the legacy(遗赠) you would like to leave behind.Write down how you’d like to ___44___(remember) at the end: of your life, or think about the impact you want to leave ___45___the planet.Then, establish some___46___(objective)that can help you reach those goals.___47___(work) toward your goals will give you a reason, to get out of bed every day, beyond earning money.
Thinking positively___48___(improve) your psychological well-being.In turn, as your psychological well-being improves,___49___ becomes easier to think positively and feel good overall.Spend time thinking about some of the best memories - of your life.Whether it's a family vacation you went on 10 years ago or you won an award at work two years ago, recalling the ___50___(happy) times in your life can bring more positivity to your thinking.
【答案】41. necessarily
42. devoted
43. If/When
44. be remembered
45. On 46. objectives
47. Working
48. Improves/ will improve
49. it 50. happiest
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章论述的是过有意义有目的的生活是改善心理健康的关键。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的职业。固定搭配：not necessarily“不一定”。此处是用副词修饰动词 have to。故填necessarily。
【42题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的职业。固定搭配：be devoted to“致力于，专心于”。此处用过去分词短语做后置定语,相当于定语从句which is devoted。故填devoted。
【43题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：如果或当你觉得你的生活缺乏目标，不要担心。此处是条件或时间状语从句的引导词，置句首单词首字母大写。故填If/When。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式，或者想一想你希望给这个星球留下的影响。固定搭配：would like to do sth.“愿意做某事”。此处句子主语you和remember之间是一种被动关系，用被动形式表达“你想怎样被记住”。故填be remembered。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式，或者想一想你希望给这个星球留下的影响。on the planet “在这个星球上”,故填on。
【46题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：然后，建立一些目标来帮助你实现这些目标。some后面跟名词复数，故填objectives。
【47题详解】
考查动名词作主语。句意：不止是挣钱，每天从床上爬起来朝着你的目标努力会给你一个理由。此处是动名词作主语，故填Working。
【48题详解】
考查时态。句意：积极的思考会改善你的心理健康。此句中缺乏谓语,主语是动名词，文章主时态是一般现在时，根据句意，此处需要用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式或将来时,故填improves/ will improve。
【49题详解】
考查it作形式主语。句意：反过来，随着你的心理健康状况的改善，你会更容易积极地思考，整体感觉也会更好。此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。
【50题详解】
考查最高级。句意：无论是10年前的家庭度假，还是两年前在工作中获奖，回忆生活中最快乐的时光都能给你的思想带来更多的积极因素。与前句中的 the best memories相对应，应用 happy的最高级形式。故填happiest。
第四部分 写作(共两节满分35分).
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词的下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last term, I went to America for a student exchange programme. Before go, I was quite proud in my English. But everyone in America spoke so fast that I couldn’t make out that what they were saying. Being in completely different culture was frightened and I even wanted to go straight back home.
However, thing soon got better and better. The host family was very king. Fortunately, the boy that I stay with was crazy about football, that made my stay enjoyable. Beside, being an exchange student offered me a chance improve my English.
【答案】1. before →going 2. proud →of 3. 去掉make out 后面的that 4. completely 前面加a 5. frightened →frightening 6. thing →things 7. with 前面的stay →stayed 8. made前的that →which 9. Beside →Besides 10. improve 前面加to
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为交换生去美国。去美国以前作者的英语很差。但是去了之后越来越好。成为一个交换生给了作者提高英语的机会。
【详解】1.考查动名词作宾语。此处Before“在……之前”，是介词，后面用动名词做宾语，故把before 后面的go 改为going。
2.考查固定词组。固定词组：be proud of“以……而自豪”，故把proud 后面的in 改为of。
3.考查宾语从句。句意：但是每个美国人都说得太快了，我听不清他们在说什么。此处make out后面是一个宾语从句，从句的引导词既引导宾语从句又要做宾语从句谓语动词的宾语，其双重作用，应该用what，故去掉make out 后面的that。
4.考查不定冠词。句意：身处一个完全不同的文化环境让是令人害怕的，我甚至想直接回家。此处culture是一个可数名词，指“一个完全不同的文化”，结合句意可知在completely 前面加a。
5. 考查动词-ing和动词-ed的用法。句意：身处一个完全不同的文化环境让是令人害怕的，我甚至想直接回家。frightened “感到害怕的”，通常修饰“人”；frightening “令人害怕的”，通常修饰“物”。此处指“这个环境是令人害怕的”，故把frightened 改为frightening。
6.考查名词复数。句意：然而，事情很快变得越来越好。此处句子主语thing“事情”是可数名词，不止是一种“事情，情况”，所以用名词复数，故把thing 改为things。
7.考查一般过去时态。句意：幸运的是，和我住在一起的那个男孩对足球很着迷，这让我过得很愉快。文章是讲过去的事情所以句子用一般过去时态，故把with 前面的stay 改为stayed。
8. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：幸运的是，和我住在一起的那个男孩对足球很着迷，这让我过得很愉快。整个句子做先行词，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，后面的定语从句应用which引导，故把made前的that 改为which。
9. 考查连接副词的用法。句意：此外，作为交换学生给了我一个提高英语水平的机会。结合上句，前后是一种递进关系，故把Beside 改为Besides。
10.考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：此外，作为交换学生给了我一个提高英语水平的机会。此处是动词不定式修饰限制a chance，是动词不定式做后置定语，故在improve 前面加to。
【点睛】表示情感的现在分词和过去分词
surprising令人惊讶的，surprised感到惊讶；frightening令人害怕的， frightened感到害怕； moving令人感动的， moved 感动；exciting 令人兴奋的，excited 感到兴奋；boring令人厌烦的， bored感到厌烦。现在分词通常修饰“物”；过去分词通常修饰指“人”。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52.假定你是李华你受外教Tony之邀,将于本周末去市郊森林公园骑行,但你还有一些情况不清楚请你给他发一封邮件询问一下。具体内容如下:
1.出发和返回时间；
2.可否带同伴；
3.午餐安排
注意:1.词数100左右
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Tonny,
I'm Li Hua.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tonny
I’m Li Hua.It's my honor to be invited to go cycling with you in the forest park this weekend But with something unclear, I'm writing to ask you for some information.
To begin with, I'm eager to know when we will start and return so that I can make a proper arrangement.I' m also wondering whether I can invite a few friends to go with us.I think our trip will be more enjoyable if more cycling lovers join us.Besides, what about our lunch? My suggestion is that we bring our lunch in case there is no food available when we are hungry.
I’d be appreciated if you could give me an early reply .
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假定你是李华你受外教Tony之邀,将于本周末去市郊森林公园骑行,但你还有一些情况不清楚请你给他发一封邮件询问一下。具体内容如下:1.出发和返回时间；2.可否带同伴；3.午餐安排。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：in the forest park（在森林公园）；To begin with（开始）；make a proper arrangement（做一个正确的安排）；等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。It's my honor to be invited to go cycling with you in the forest park this weekend.动词不定式作真正主语；I'm eager to know when we will start and return so that I can make a proper arrangement.句中so that引导目的状语从句；I think our trip will be more enjoyable if more cycling lovers join us.句中if引导条件状语从句；I' m also wondering whether I can invite a few friends to go with us.句中whether引导宾语从句；My suggestion is that we bring our lunch in case there is no food available when we are hungry.句中that引导表语从句，when引导时间状语从句。
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