2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语·模拟预测卷（五 ）（全国1卷）

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语·模拟预测卷(五)

本试卷6页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等 相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。              .

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂。

A

Christmas is coming early this year for “Downton Abbey”《唐顿庄园》fans. Highclere Castle, where the beloved British show was filmed, will be available for one night only on Airbnb.

The stay will offer two lucky guests a glimpse at what life as a Crawley may have been like. The once-in-a-lifetime stay will take place on November 26, 2019, according to the listing.

Highclere Castle belongs to the Earl and Countess of Carnarvon, who still live on the grounds and will host the guests. The Earl is Queen Elizabeth II’s godson.

Reservations for Highclere Castle will become available on October 1 at 7 p.m. ET, and it’s first come, first serve.

The stay at Highclere Castle will cost $159.

In a one-night-only listing, Earl and Lady Carnarvon are inviting one lucky couple to “live like royalty” at their 100,000-square-foot, 300-room estate in Hampshire, England. The chosen pair will be invited to share dinner with the Earl and Countess in the state dining room, followed by coffee in the library. They will then retire to one of the gallery bedrooms with views overlooking 1,000 acres of parkland. Before they leave the following day, the guests can also expect breakfast and a private tour of the grounds that will highlight rooms “Downton Abbey” fans know well, including the drawing room and gallery bedrooms.

Guests will be waited on by the castle’s butler service(管家服务) during dinner and there’s strictly one butler allowed per guest, according to house rules.

Other stipulations for guests include that all newspapers must be ironed, they must wear cocktail attire to dinner, they can only gossip in the downstairs quarters, and there are no pets allowed. But have no fear, there are nine dogs on site who can’t wait to make your acquaintance.

This isn’t the first time the Earl and Countess have opened their doors to the public.

Visitors can take tours of the castle between 9:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. daily from July to September. The castle is also open on various days throughout the year. The couple even hosted the first public Christmas ball at Highclere Castle last year. They’ll be hosting another holiday ball this year, though the specific date hasn’t been announced yet.

“It’s an absolute privilege and pleasure to call Highclere Castle my home and I am delighted to be able to share it on Airbnb for a truly unique stay,” Lady Carnarvon wrote on Airbnb.

“Highclere Castle has been in the Carnarvon family since 1679 and has an incredibly rich history,” the Countess added. “I am passionate about the stories and heritage of Highclere Castle, and I am looking forward to welcoming our future guests.”

The event builds on the excitement for the “Downton Abbey” film.

The film follows the Crawley family as they prepare for a visit from King George V and Queen Mary in 1927. It premieres in theaters on Friday in the US.

1．From the passage, we can learn that ________.

A．the guests will stay at Highclere Castle on Christmas Eve

B．Downton Abbey was filmed at Highclere Castle

C．Highclere Castle will offer the guests only B&B

D．all the visitors will be invited to have caffee

2．The stay will ________.

A．be reserved on October 1 at 7 p.m. ET

B．provide the guests with dinner and coffee in the library

C．allow guests to take 9 dogs at most

D．witness a Christmas ball on November 26, 2019

3．The passage is probably a(n) ________.

A．film review B．family introduction C．travel advertisement D．castle story

B

We’ve known for years that plants can see, hear, smell and communicate with chemicals. Now, reported New Scientist, they have been recorded making sounds when stressed.

In a yet-to-be-published study, Itzhak Khait and his team at Tel Aviv University, in Israel, found that tomato and tobacco plants can make ultrasonic(超声的)noises. The plants “cry out” due to lack of water, or when their stems(茎)are cut. It’s just too high-pitched(音调高的)for humans to hear.

Microphones placed 10 centimeters away from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz(千赫兹). Human hearing usually ranges from 20 hertz to 20 kilohertz. “These findings can alter the way we think about the plant kingdom,” they wrote.

On average, “thirsty” tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.

Perhaps most interestingly, different types of stress led to different sounds. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to separate the plants’ sounds from those of the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse. In most cases, it correctly identified whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on a sound’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example. Although Khait and his colleagues only looked at tomato and tobacco plants, they think other plants also make sounds when stressed.

If farmers could hear these sounds, said the team, they could give water to the plants that need it most. As climate change causes more droughts, they said this would be important information for farmers. “The sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture(精准农业),” said Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.

Khait’s report also suggest that insets and mammals can hear the sounds up to 5 meters away and respond. For example, a moth(蛾子)may decide not to lay eggs on a water-stressed plant. Edward Farmer, at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, is doubtful. He said that the idea of moths listening to plants is “a little too speculative”.

If plants are screaming for fear of their survival, should we be thankful we can’t hear them?

4．What did Khait and his team find from their research?

A．Plants made low-pitched sounds when in danger.

B．Plants were able to produce sounds in response to stresses.

C．Plants picked up a wider range of sounds when stressed.

D．Plants made ultrasonic noises to communicate with each other.

5．How did tomato and tobacco plants react to different stresses according to the text?

A．A plant reacted to different stresses with the same sound.

B．Cut tomato plants produced more sounds per hour than water-hungry ones.

C．Cut tobacco plants seemed to make weaker sounds than drought-stressed ones.

D．Tobacco plants might make louder sounds than tomato plants when short of water.

6．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 6?

A．The potential applications of the research.

B．Challenges facing farmers in the future.

C．Farmers ‘contributions to the research.

D．What the future agriculture will be like.

7．The underlined word “speculative” in the second-to-last paragraph has the closest meaning to “________”.

A．practical B．unsuspected C．unsupported D．complicated

C

The latest sports craze is not even a sport. According to a recent article, “e-sports” are attracting a large number of audience.

In e-sports, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens.

The games have gone way past kids playing against each other while sitting on a sofa at home. The International, a major competition for players of Dota 2, awarded $24 million in prizes, with the winner taking home almost $11 million. A recent e-sports competition attracted more than 80,000 fans to the Olympic Stadium in Beijing, China.

I have to admit that I am not a big fan of computer games. I know that some games can be educational, but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.

And please don’t tell me that competitive gaming is real sport because it requires hand-eye coordination. According to my American Heritage Dictionary, a sport is “an activity involving physical exertion and skill.” I don’t think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.

Too often, regular sports send kids a kind of message. Competition starts early, when lots of kids are not ready for the ups and downs of games. Tryouts and travel teams come next, giving too many kids the message they are “not good” at sports. So lots of kids quit sports and start playing more video games.

Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.

8．What are “e-sports” according to the text?

A．Sports events on television screens.

B．Video computer game competitions.

C．The latest sports in the Olympic Games.

D．Easy sports games for kids.

9．What might the author think of “e-sports”?

A．They are not instructive.

B．They should be banned in school.

C．They need too much time and money.

D．They have some negative influence on children.

10．What does the underlined word “exertion” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A．Growth. B．Fitness.

C．Effort. D．Energy.

11．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A．To introduce a new kind of sport.

B．To introduce a competition held in Beijing.

C．To explain the importance of playing sports.

D．To call on people to pay more attention to traditional sports.

D

Language is perhaps the most distinctive of human characteristics, but its evolution remains a mystery. Our communication is enhanced by turn — taking (轮流说话) — or the orderly exchange of communicative signals — which has been found to be largely universal across cultures. But this turn-taking behavior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a large-scale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turn-taking across all species is fine timing. For example, in some species of songbird, the gap between the calls of two different birds is often less than 50 milliseconds. On the other hand, communication in some species is much slower. As for sperm whales, the gap between each vocal exchange is around two seconds. In humans, there is usually a gap of roughly 200 milliseconds between turns in a conversation.

While many studies have focused on turn-taking behavior in animals, we still know very little about it, partly because the reports are so varied that large-scale cross-species comparison is all but impossible, according to the researchers. “Overall, direct comparisons of turn-taking skills of non-human animals in relation to language origins are highly limited by lack of data, the application of different terms, different study methods and study environments, the authors wrote in the study.” Furthermore, investigations have so far mainly been focusing on single call types or songs of species, limiting a deeper understanding of the variability of turning-taking systems found in the animal kingdom.

In light of this, the researchers proposed a new framework for future studies on turn-taking to make cross-species comparisons easier. “The goal of the framework is to promote large-scale cross-species comparisons”, Kobin Kendrick, from the University of York’s Department of Language and Linguistic Science, said in a statement. “Such a framework will allow researchers to trace the history of this evolution of remarkable turn-taking behavior and solve old questions about the origins of human language.”

12．What can we learn from the text?

A．Turn-taking behavior in all species is well timed.

B．Language is the least distinctive of human characteristics.

C．The gap between turns in a human conversation is about two seconds.

D．Relatively speaking, the gap between the calls of two birds is longer.

13．What makes the non-human animal language studies difficult according to the text?

a. Lack of data.

b. Lack of money.

c. Varied reports and studies.

d. The application of different terms.

A．a b c B．b c d

C．a b d D．a c d

14．We can infer from the text that         .

A．cross-species comparison is the hardest to study in the evolution of language

B．turn-taking in animal communication between species is difficult to find

C．non-human language studies should be focused on single call types

D．the turn-taking behavior of animals is similar to that of human beings

15．Why did the researchers put forward a new framework?

A．To encourage more studies on the evolution of turn-taking behaviour.

B．To build a link between animal communication and human language.

C．To make large-scale cross-species comparisons of turn-taking easier.

D．To guide other researchers in how to study animal communication.

第二节 (共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Traveling With a Group? Here’s How to Plan and Stay Friends

From bachelor parties to family reunions, group trips are opportunities to explore the world with the people you love. They also have the potential to be planning messes, with scheduling, decision-making and sorting-out finances coming together. 16． We’ve rounded up tips, tricks and tools to help plan your group trip well.

Understand your group dynamic

Is it a group of friends, or is it a couple of families traveling together? Is it a multigenerational trip with a big age range? These factors all come into play with activity level, comfort zones and rooming. 17． Families might prefer the ease and facilities of a hotel or resort. Big groups of friends might opt to search through home rental sites like VRBO and Airbnb.

Shared apps are vital

Once you’ve decided on the group, figure out when everyone is available. Doodle allows users to create a poll online of possible travel dates and then vote on preferred options. Tried and true Google Sheets is a nice way to organize options for destinations, housing and more in a spreadsheet. 18． It will allow you to send messages both while planning and when traveling.

19．

Tracking expenses is doable via spreadsheet, but still requires a fair amount of work to properly divvy（分摊）up shares and figure out who owes what. Splitwise is a popular app for tracking, prorating and ultimately balancing expenses. It also integrates directly with the payment app Venmo, allowing you to make payments and receive money directly.

Getting group deals

Investigating group deals may be a bit time-consuming. 20． Amtrak recently launched Share Fares, which earns you greater discounts on tickets the more people you travel with. If booked at least\ three days in advance, this program can reduce ticket prices up to 35 percent for groups of four.

A．Budget carefully.

B．Figure out finances.

C．But they don’t have to be.

D．But the research can save you money.

E.WhatsApp is of great help to communicate.

F.These apps bring much convenience to your group trip.

G.Group dynamics can play a big role in determining where to stay.

第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Forgiving My Father

I grew up on a small farm. My father worked in the city as a welder (焊工). He was quiet, distant. He was a man made of leather and chewing tobacco who tried to teach me useful things, including respect. He also had a    21   . I did not like him very much.

One day I came home from school. Once inside, I was told by my mother that he didn't feel well. His back hurt. Multiple myeloma, I    22   , is a type of blood cancer. For the last year of my father's life, his entire day consisted of rising from his hospital bed in the living room and walking to his    23   to sit and think. He was    24   in that chair when I came home one day during the ninth grade. I do not remember where my mother and brother were, but the two of us were alone. He asked me to sit down.

What followed still    25   me these decades later. He told me about his    26   : his family growing up, what it was like in the Pacific during World War II, his loves, his heartbreaks. It was as if a pipe had    27   , his inner self rushing out to me in a great flood. He had been speaking for maybe an hour or more when I realized that he was doing more than    28   . He was asking to be    29   . All it took was understanding that that was what he   30   , and I forgave everything, immediately.

When he died, I didn't    31   to school for a few days. My biggest    32   going back was gym class. It was poorly    33   , and bullies ran the show. On my first day, I was standing there when a (an)    34   voice yelled, ''Lensch! '' It was a guy who had given many of us a few lumps (包，肿块) over the years. I turned to face him and said, ''What do you want? '' The other boys didn’t say a word as they waited for the    35   .

''I heard your dad died, '' he said. ''Is that true? ''

I quietly replied, ''Yes. ''

He didn't    36   me. He didn't even move. Instead, he said, ''I'm sorry. ''

I was   37   . I'm sure I cried. Those two words are how I have remembered that kid ever since. What do you do when your ''enemies'' reveal that they are also    38   ? I think you either forgive and move    39   or hold on to resentment (怨恨)and live in the past. I'm certainly not glad that my father got   40   , but at the same time, I realize that if he hadn't, I might never have come to love him.

21．A．temper B．taste C．fame D．nerve

22．A．meant B．doubted C．learned D．felt

23．A．bench B．chair C．bedroom D．balcony

24．A．predictably B．acceptably C．hopefully D．surprisingly

25．A．touches B．annoys C．educates D．encourages

26．A．life B．career C．youth D．achievement

27．A．burst B．leaked C．moved D．frozen

28．A．teaching B．telling C．supporting D．complaining

29．A．known B．forgiven C．mistaken D．forgotten

30．A．found B．received C．needed D．escaped

31．A．contribute B．adapt C．head D．return

32．A．relief B．favor C．lesson D．fear

33．A．understood B．prepared C．regulated D．attracted

34．A．angry B．warning C．pitying D．familiar

35．A．defeat B．quarrel C．miracle D．fight

36．A．punish B．beat C．disappoint D．scold

37．A．frustrated B．shocked C．thrilled D．frightened

38．A．classmates B．friends C．humans D．families

39．A．backward B．away C．around D．forward

40．A．depressed B．hurt C．sick D．lost

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Thanksgiving Day, celebrated on the 41． (four) Thursday in the month of November every year, is essentially 42． harvest festival. It is a time characterized with lots of fun and great interest, gifting, family feasting, community 43． (pray) etc.

Thanksgiving is most celebrated in the 44． (country) of America and Canada,  45． witnesses a lot of great warmth among their residents. It is a time to thank both God for a generously-harvest 46． your fellows for their continuous support and care.

Parades and fairs, eating 47． restaurants, shopping are a permanent part of the festive 48． (celebrate). Football game is 49． (close) associated with thanksgiving celebration in America. Football matches 50． (organize) every year to mark the occasion.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节 短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ˆ）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Everyone made mistakes. Once I have had a really meaningful experience.

One morning, I went to borrow a book from my good friend Lisa so she refused. She said she had promised to lend a book to her classmate. I was upset and leaving her house without any words and I didn’t talk to her for a week. But several days later, I suddenly realized that I was terrible wrong. I couldn’t wait to apologize her. It made me delighted was the deeper friendship between us after that.

Through this experience, I have a better understanding of thinking of others first and accepting all the mistake we’ve made. Also, it helps me improve ourselves and have a better life.

第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)

假设你是李华，曾经在美国作交换生，现已回到自己的祖国。请用英文给你在美时的房东Chris写一封邮件，邀请他在春节期间来中国旅游。

写作要点：1. 感谢他及家人对你的照顾；

2. 介绍中国春节（食物、活动、风俗等）；

3. 可适当增加细节。

注意：1. 字数100左右；

2. 开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入总数。

Dear Chris,

Time flies! I have been missing you all.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to seeing you soon!

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

参考答案：

第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

1—15  BAC  BCAC  BDCD  ADDC

第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)

16—20 CGEBD

第二部分英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题:每小题1.5分，满分30分)

21—40  ACBAA  AABBC  DDCDD  BCBDC

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

41．fourth

42．a

43．praying

44．countries

45．which

46．and

47．at/in

48．celebration/celebrations

49．closely

50．are organized

第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节 短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)

第一句made→makes

第二句去掉have

第三句so→but

第四句a→the/that

第五句leaving→left

第六句terrible→terribly

第七句apologize后面加to

第八句It→What

第九句mistake→mistakes

第十句ourselves→myself

第二节书面表达 (满分25分)

Dear Chris,

Time flies! I have been missing you all. Words are beyond my gratefulness for what you and your family did for me. I sincerely invite you to visit my country over the Spring Festival, the most important festival in China, one of whose traditions is family reunion, so if you come then you can meet me friendly and hospitable family and relatives. Another tradition is visiting friends or travelling. New clothes and lucky money are the tradition that kids like best.

As is known to all, Chinese food varies from place to place—some are sweet, some sour and some hot. But during the Spring Festival, dumplings are the first choice of all Chinese.

Looking forward to seeing you soon!

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua