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广东省六校2020届高三上学期联考英语试题
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2020届广东六校高三第二次联考试题
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With all the attention Thanksgiving and Christmas get from travellers, it’s easy to overlook Halloween as a destination holiday. While a few cities provide a ghostly atmosphere all year round, annual festivals, theme park pop-up events and other haunted happenings elsewhere have helped make the holiday a travel mini-season all its own.
New Orleans
Home to year-round cemetery walks, New Orleans is among the cities that naturally harmonize with Halloween. Worth noting every October is the family-friendly Halloween parade, happening this year on Oct. 21, with floats devoted to themes like werewolves and vampires. Float riders throw locally made candies to the crowd. New Orleans hosts plenty of after-event-parties, but the procession itself draws all ages in costume.
Whitby, England
This picturesque town on England’s Yorkshire coast is considered to be the home of Dracula, though in a different way. Bram Stoker spent just a month in Whitby, but those four weeks in July and August 1890 were important in the creation of his most famous book, “Dracula”, which was published in 1897. Whitby celebrated the 125th anniversary of Stoker’s visit in 2015, but this year you can see the skeletal remains of Whitby Abbey illuminated throughout the final week of October.
Salem Massachusetts
Home to the infamous witch trials of the early 1690s, it should come as no surprise that this town is a hotbed for Halloween activity. One way Salem builds on its spectral past is with the nearly month-long festival of the Dead. Events starting from mid-October this year include psychic readings, mourning-themed tea and on Halloween night, a witches gathering.
Orlando, Florida
The home of Disney World and Universal Studios goes all-out with huge Halloween events. Universal this year will hold its 27th Halloween Horror Night on Oct. 30, a seasonal pop-up featuring haunted houses and “scareactors” employed to frighten visitors. Plus, there are many other activities like trick-or-treating, Disney character encounters, a Halloween ball and fireworks.
1. Which of the following is most recommended for a family going together?
A. New Orleans. B. Whitby, England.
C. Salem, Massachusetts. D. Orlando, Florida.
2. Where do Halloween activities last the longest this year?
A. New Orleans. B. Whitby, England.
C. Salem, Massachusetts. D. Orlando, Florida.
3. What can you do in Orlando, Florida ?
A. Have mourning-themed tea. B. Enjoy dancing.
C. Watch Disney movies. D. See skeletal remains.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在一些城市，万圣节以年度节日、主题公园的快闪活动和其他的一些闹鬼事件为体现形式，形成了一个独立的旅游小假日。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个黑色小标题下“Worth noting every October is the family-friendly Halloween parade, happening this year on Oct. 21, with floats devoted to themes like werewolves and vampires.（值得注意的是，每年10月都会举行适合家庭的万圣节游行，今年的万圣节游行将于10月21日举行，花车主题包括狼人和吸血鬼。）”文中的“family-friendly”和题干中的“a family going together”相呼应。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。本题问的是“今年哪里的万圣节活动持续的时间最长”。根据第一个小黑标题下的“happening this year on Oct. 21”可知New Orleans的万圣节活动时间是一天。根据第二个小黑标题下的“but this year you can see the skeletal remains of Whitby Abbey illuminated throughout the final week of October.（但今年你可以看到惠特比修道院的遗骸将照亮整个10月的最后一周。）”可知Whitby, England的万圣节活动时间是一周。根据第三个小黑标题下的“One way Salem builds on its spectral past is with the nearly month-long festival of the Dead. （塞勒姆建立在过去幽灵般的历史上的一种方式是伴随近一个月的亡灵节。）”可知Salem, Massachusetts的万圣节活动时间是将近一个月。根据第四个小黑标题下的“Universal this year will hold its 27th Halloween Horror Night on Oct. 30”可知Orlando, Florida的万圣节活动时间是一天。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的“Orlando, Florida”可将答案定位在第四个小黑标题下。由最后一句话中的“a Halloween ball and fireworks.（万圣节舞会和烟火。）”可知在这个活动中你可以跳舞。故选B项。
B
A cloudless Southern California sky looms over the Pro Park Course for the Pro Skate Park Series. Here to compete are some of the top female skaters in the world. The women skaters range in age from early adolescence to early 30s, but in a sport that embraces youth, there is one who stands out. At 8 years old, Sky Brown, would be the youngest skater, male or female, ever to compete at this series.
She is known to some — a minor star of the viral age. When her first video was posted to YouTube, Sky initially gained a little internet fame as a premature and level-headed 4-year-old — highly intelligent, well-spoken beyond her years, hugely talented, and yet grounded. Four years later, it was announced that she would be competing at Huntington Beach. Still, the question remains: Is she truly ready, or will this be another case where reality comes crashing down hard on all the hype?
And then, it turns out to be anything but. Sky goes out and presents one surprise after another. Commentators Neal Hendrix and Chris Pastras are left in awe, “Half of the pros can't do.” The only thing that makes the prodigy look like a kid is her size. In every other regard, she holds her own with skaters 10 and 20 years her senior. Before the competition at Huntington, Sky was a curiosity. After, she is a competitor.
Sky's first memory of a skateboard is seeing her father, Stuart, doing a few tricks in front of the family home. “It always looked really fun,” says Sky. “I just kept begging to try it.” Sky progressed quickly, although she never had a formal coach. Somehow she just had the knack. Every movement, every shift in weight, every push and pull of body on board, she absorbed. Then, she did it herself.
“You get so close to making it,” she says of her process, “and think you're about to land it, and then it takes you 100 more times. I'm always saying to my parents, 'Just one last try.'” If anyone was pushing, striving to get better, it was Sky herself, learning new tricks the same way everyone else does — by trying, failing, falling, and getting back up again.
4. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?
A. To show Sky’s early experience.
B. To show Sky’s talents from varied aspects.
C. To show the public’s doubt about Sky’s competence.
D. To show the public’s recognition of Sky’s performances.
5. What do we know about Sky?
A. She equals the senior skaters in the competition.
B. She looks like a professional skater in terms of her figure.
C. She participates in a competition inappropriate for the young.
D. She has already become a household name before the competition.
6. What is the main reason for Sky’s achievements?
A. Her parents push her too hard.
B. She practices hard and never quits.
C. Her coach is very strict with her.
D. Her father exerts a strong influence on her.
7 What is the best title for the text?
A. A Rocky Road Leads to Internet Fame
B. A Strong Competitor Stands out from Crowd
C. An 8-year-old Skater Amazes the World
D. A Wonder Shows at the Pro Skate Park Series
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇人物传记。文章讲述了8岁的小女孩Sky Brown，在与青少年及成年人的滑板比赛中脱颖而出，四年后她决定参加亨廷顿海滩的比赛，在人们的怀疑声中，她展现出一个又一个惊喜。她回忆了自己的成长之路，是反复的练习和尝试造就了她的成功。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中的“Still, the question remains: Is she truly ready, or will this be another case where reality comes crashing down hard on all the hype?（不过，问题依然存在：她真的准备好了吗？还是说这又是一个现实在大肆宣传下崩溃的例子？）”，可知，人们对Sky Brown的能力还持有怀疑态度。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中的“he only thing that makes the prodigy look like a kid is her size.（唯一让神童看起来像个孩子的就是她的身材。）”可知B选项“She looks like a professional skater in terms of her figure.（根据她的身材可以看出来她像一个职业选手）”是错误的。由第一段中的“The women skaters range in age from early adolescence to early 30s,（女子滑板运动员的年龄从青春期早期到30岁出头不等）”可知C选项“She participates in a competition inappropriate for the young.（她参加了一个不适合年轻人参加的比赛。）”是错误的。由第三段中的“Before the competition at Huntington, Sky was a curiosity.（在比赛前，她是令人好奇的）”可知D选项中的“a household name家喻户晓的名字”表达有误。第三段的“In every other regard, she holds her own with skaters 10 and 20 years her senior.（在其他方面，她都能和比她大10到20岁的滑板运动员打成平手）”和A选项意思相符。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“I just kept begging to try it. （我只是不断乞求尝试。）”和文章最后一句话中的“…learning new tricks the same way everyone else does — by trying, failing, falling（……学习新的技巧，就像其他人一样——尝试，失败，跌倒）”可知Sky Brown获得成就的原因是刻苦的训练和永远不放弃的精神。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了一个小女孩在滑板比赛中脱颖而出，震惊了世界。A选项的“Internet Fame”偏离主题。D选项的中心词是“shows”,因为本文是一篇人物传记，故D项错误。本文重点是突出女孩小小年纪就可以与比她大10到20岁的滑板运动员相抗衡。故选C项。
C
In 1992, Teen Talk Barbie was released with the controversial voice fragment, “Math class is hard.” While the toy's release met with strong public reaction, this underlying assumption persists, spreading the myth that women do not thrive in science, technology, engineering and mathematic (STEM) fields due to biological inadequacies in math aptitude. However, in 2019 Jessica Cantlon at Carnegie Mellon University led a research team that comprehensively examined the brain development of young boys and girls and found no gender difference in brain function or math ability.
Cantlon and her team conducted the first neuroimaging study to evaluate biological gender differences in math aptitude of young children. Her team used functional MRI（核磁共振）to measure the brain activity in 104 young children (3-to-10-year-old; 55 girls) while watching an educational video covering early math topics, like counting and addition. The researchers compared scans from the boys and girls to evaluate brain similarity. In addition, the team examined brain maturity by comparing the children's scans to those taken from a group of adults (63 adults; 25 women) who watched the same math videos.
After numerous statistical comparisons, Cantlon and her team found no difference in the brain development of girls and boys. In addition, the researchers found no difference in how boys and girls processed math skills and were equally engaged while watching the educational videos. Finally, boys' and girls' brain maturity were statistically equivalent when compared to either men or women in the adult group.
Cantlon said she thinks society and culture are likely steering girls and young women away from math and STEM fields, as previous studies show that families spend more time with young boys in play that involves spatial cognition（空间认知）. “Typical socialization can make worse small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math,” Cantlon said. “We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren't the ones causing the gender inequities.”
However, this project is focused on early childhood development using a limited set of math tasks. Cantlon wants to continue this work using a broader scope of math skills, such as spatial processing and memory, and follow the children over many years.
8. What can we infer about the toy’s release?
A It has raised a storm of applause.
B. Girls perform no worse than boys in math.
C. Math is a subject difficult to every one of us.
D. Women are born with insufficient math abilities.
9. What can we learn from the study conducted by Cantlon?
A. Boys process math skills more quickly than girls.
B. Boys and girls have similar brain in math abilities.
C. Boys and girls have similar interest in math.
D. Adults have better brain than children in math.
10. What will Cantlon most likely agree with?
A. Parents should lengthen the time spent with girls.
B. Society is causing a greater gender difference in math abilities.
C. Culture plays a leading role in children’s brain development.
D. We should cultivate boys’ and girls’ math abilities equally.
11. How will Cantlon further her research?
A. By using a wider range of math skills.
B. By involving a broader scope of subjects.
C. By increasing the complexity of math tasks.
D. By following the children until their adulthood.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了在1992年，《青少年谈话》芭比娃娃发布了"数学课很难"这一有争议的声音片段，传播了“女性由于生物学缺陷，无法在STEM领域茁壮成长”的没有事实根据的理论。2019年，卡内基梅隆大学的杰西卡·坎特隆带领一个研究小组，经过研究和比对，发现了不管是成年人还是儿童，不同性别在学习数学技能方面没有差别。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中的 “…spreading the myth that women do not thrive in science, technology, engineering and mathematic (STEM) fields due to biological inadequacies in math aptitude. （……传播了“女性由于生物学缺陷，无法在STEM领域茁壮成长”的没有事实根据的理论。）”与D选项“女人天生数学能力不足。”相呼应，故选D选。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中的“…and found no gender difference in brain function or math ability.（……发现大脑功能或数学能力没有性别差异。）”与B选项“Boys and girls have similar brain in math abilities.（男孩和女孩在数学能力上有相似的大脑。）”意思相近。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段坎特隆所说的话“Typical socialization can make worse small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math,（典型的社会化会让男孩和女孩之间的小差异变得更严重，这些小差异会像滚雪球一样影响我们对待他们的科学和数学，）”和“We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren't the ones causing the gender inequities. 我们需要意识到这些根源，以确保我们不是那个导致性别不平等的人。”可知，坎特隆认为，人们不应该有意识地区别对待男孩和女孩在科学和数学领域的发展。与D项“我们应该平等地培养男孩和女孩的数学能力。”意思相符。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。题目的意思是“坎特伦将如何推进她的研究？”根据文章最后一段中的“Cantlon wants to continue this work using a broader scope of math skills, such as spatial processing and memory, and follow the children over many years.（坎特隆希望通过使用更广泛的数学技能继续这项工作，如空间处理和记忆，并将跟踪儿童多年。）”与A选项的“By using a wider range of math skills.（通过使用更广泛的数学技能。）”意思相符，B选项的“subjects”表述不准确。故选A项。
D
Jonathan Agnew recently described “unofficial interviews” as those where you agree that it’s “between you and I”. And a Times journalist wrote about someone who had “made Jenny and I feel so welcome”. They are both intelligent people with the ability to express ideas fluently and logically. And yet they wrote “I” where they meant “me”.
It’s happening more and more. We are scared of the mistake like “Terry and me went to the pub”. We’ve all been taught that it should be “Terry and I went to the pub”. Plus we’ve heard the Queen say “my husband and I” a lot. So we begin to use “and I” even when it should be “and me”.
But my point here is not to support the correct usage. It’s the opposite: I want to reject the idea that there’s such a thing as “correct” English at all. Language isn’t like maths, where you can show that two plus two is four. Language has no fundamental rights and wrongs, only conventions. You cannot definitively prove that any are “right” and others “wrong”.
Sometimes correct language sounds absurd. Look at Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills) who came up with a new rule. Primary school children now have to be taught that “inverted commas” is right, while “speech marks” is wrong. You and I know that those terms are interchangeable. And the child who looks at those marks on the page can see that both make perfect sense. That’s because a primary school child is more intelligent than the Ofsted turkey who came up with this rule.
As the teacher who told me about the ludicrous rule pointed out, there is no doubt that in a few years’ time, the “incorrect” term will become the “correct” one. But the truly horrible thing about an education system like this is that it destroys children’s love of language. It tells them they have to worry about rules, instead of encouraging them to read and write for its own sake. Let them read for fun and they’ll absorb the rules — or conventions — anyway. Have them shaking in fear about English tests, and you’ll increase their insecurity about getting language “right”.
Then one day that insecurity will have them saying “and I” even though they mean “and me”.
12. Why do people use “and I” when it should be “and me” according to the text?
A. The Ofsted sets a rule.
B. “and I” is the correct English.
C. The Queen makes a similar mistake.
D. People feel insecure about using “and me”.
13. What can we learn from paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. Rules benefit children’s language learning.
B. Language learning is more complicated than maths.
C. Language is based on commonly accepted rules.
D. A primary school child is smarter than the Ofsted.
14. What does the underlined word “ludicrous” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Influential. B. Particular.
C. Conventional. D. Ridiculous.
15. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards the correct English?
A. Critical. B. Objective.
C. Favourable. D. Indifferent.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章首先提出了有一些能够流利和有逻辑地表达想法的聪明人，用“I”来代替“me”， 用的越来越多时，人们就开始在该用“I”的时候用了“me”。作者认为语言不像数学，没有对错，只有惯例。太讲究语言规则，会破坏孩子们对语言的热爱。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“It’s happening more and more. We are scared of the mistake like “Terry and me went to the pub”. We’ve all been taught that it should be “Terry and I went to the pub.” （用的越来越多时，我们害怕像“Terry and me went to the pub”这样的错误。我们都被教导应该是“Terry and I went to the pub”）”可知，人们使用“and I”这样的表达方式是害怕犯错误，与D选项中的“feel insecure（没有安全感）”相呼应。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Language has no fundamental rights and wrongs, only conventions.（语言没有基本的对错，只有惯例）”和第四段中的主题句“Sometimes correct language sounds absurd.（有时所谓的正确的语言听起来很荒谬。）” 可知，作者想表达的是语言并无对错，只要被人们普遍认可即可。与C项“Language is based on commonly accepted rules.（语言是基于普遍接受的规则。）”意义相近。故选C项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。在第四段中，作者举例论证了“Sometimes correct language sounds absurd有时所谓的正确语言听起来很荒谬”，例子中说道：Ofsted提出了新的语言规则，让小学生必须认为“inverted commas”是正确的，而“speech marks”是错误的，我们都知道这些术语是可以互换的，而看到这些标注的小学生都知道这两者都是完全说得通的。作者还用讽刺的口吻说道“那是因为小学生比提出这些规则的人要聪明。”结合划线词所在句后一句的句意是“毫无疑问，再过几年，不正确的术语又变成了正确的术语”。可知，第五段中的划线词“ludicrous”的意思是“荒唐的，可笑的” A. Influential有影响的；B. Particular特别的；C. Conventional传统的; D. Ridiculous可笑的，荒谬的。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“I want to reject the idea that there’s such a thing as “correct” English at all.（我想拒绝那种认为英语"正确"的观点。）”和第四段中的“Sometimes correct language sounds absurd.（有时所谓的正确的语言听起来很荒谬）”可知作者是不赞成“正确英语”这种观点的。A. Critical. 批评的；B. Objective. 客观的；C.Favourable赞许的；D. Indifferent. 漠不关心的。故选A项
【点睛】本题中有两题是推理判断题，推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的试题。其中第4小题属于观点态度题，作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的结论中，或流露于修饰的词语之中，比如本题中的“reject””absurb”等词都具有强烈的思想倾向，应特别注意这些措辞。
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people wonder what they can do to become well-rounded and competitive while increasing their rate of success. An often overlooked yet simple way to improve is to increase your knowledge by being a self-starter.
___16___ Rid yourself of assumptions and convictions so that you can be open and receptive to new information. This at times may even contradict what you have always believed to be true. You will eventually come across information that challenges your worldview. Rather than remaining resting in your comfort zone, use this time to stop, reflect and shed light on these ideas in a way that can develop and expand your vision.
After the mind has been ready, the next step is application. Create a to-learn list just as you would a to-do list. Learning information you can utilize in your daily life is very important to having a continuous desire to further advance your education. _____17_____ Reading a book on automobile repair isn’t the same as physically changing the oil or tire on your car. Reading about art isn’t the same as picking up a brush. If your knowledge can be directly applied in a functional and fun fashion, put it into practice! ___18___
Surround yourself with like-minded individuals and try to always take something valuable away from your daily interactions. Many people are professionals in their field and have valuable information and insight to share. ____19____ Never be too prideful, for each question you don’t ask is a missed opportunity!
Go ahead and challenge yourself today. Commit to expanding your mind, continuing your education and becoming a student of life. ____20____ Remember to cultivate your mind so it is prepared to expand, blossom and grow. And share your fountain of knowledge.
A. Be willing to expand your mind.
B. Get ready to seek new information.
C. Many people learn by being hands-on.
D. Learning on the go has actually never been easier!
E. If you come across anything that bewilders you, ask them!
F. Skill-based learning, for example, is useless if it isn’t applied.
G. Utilize the world as your classroom, and always come away with a lesson.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。很多人都想知道怎样能变得面面俱到并且富有竞争力，同时能提高成功率，文章介绍了一个常被人忽略的简单途径：通过成为一个自我激励者增加知识，从而来提高自己。
【16题详解】
根据文章第一段中的“You will eventually come across information that challenges your worldview. （你最终会遇到挑战你世界观的信息）”以及“…can develop and expand your vision.（……可以开拓你的视野）”结合下一段第一句“After the mind has been ready, （在思想具备了之后）”，可知作者在此处是想表达要拓展思维，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据此空前面的一句话“Learning information you can utilize in your daily life is very important to having a continuous desire to further advance your education.（学习可以在日常生活中用的信息对于你以后能保持一个深入学习的持续的愿望是很重要的）”，可知作者想要强调的是应用的重要性，又因为此空后是用例子说明的，与F项的for example相呼应，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据此空前面的一句话“If your knowledge can be directly applied in a functional and fun fashion, put it into practice!（如果你的知识能够以一种实用而有趣的方式直接应用，那就把它付诸实践）”可见作者想表达的是付诸实践对于学习的重要性，和C项的“being hands-on”相呼应，故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据此空前面的一句话“Many people are professionals in their field and have valuable information and insight to share.（许多人都是他们领域的专业人士，有宝贵的信息和见解可以分享）”和后面的一句“Never be too prideful, for each question you don’t ask is a missed opportunity!（永远都不要自满，每一个你没有问的问题都是一个错失的机会）”，可知作者是想表达要向专业人士请教。故选E项。
【20题详解】
此空前一句中的“…and becoming a student of life.（……并且变成一个终身学习者）”与G项中的“Utilize the world as your classroom（把世界变为你的教室）”相呼应，故选G项。
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Bobby the mountain climber was famous for his attempts to climb the big snowy mountain. He had tried it at least thirty times but had always failed halfway.
For the sake of ____21____ Bobby to try again, Old Peeper, the town optician, who bore witness to his ____22____, presented him with a pair of ____23____ sunglasses. "If it starts clouding over or if your feet start hurting, put on these glasses. They'll help you.” Bobby accepted the ____24____ without giving it much mind, but when his feet started ____25____ again he remembered his words and put on the glasses. Then ____26____ came as usual in the form of cloud cover, but seemingly not so thick this time. So Bobby ____27____climbing, leaving the clouds behind, forgetting his ____28____, and finally arriving at the summit. It was _____29_____ worth it. His feeling of triumph was ____30____, almost as magnificent as that wonderful ____31____. Resplendent in its silence, the mountain below was surrounded by a dense sea of clouds. Bobby didn't remember the clouds being as ____32____ as that, so he looked more closely at the sunglasses, and ____33____ everything.
Peeper had carved a light ____34____ on the lenses (镜片), in the form of the snow-covered summit. It was made in such a way that you could only ____35____ it if you looked upwards. Peeper had understood that whenever Bobby lost sight of his ____36____, he would similarly lose sight of his dream, and his ____37____ to continue would weaken.
Bobby realised that the only obstacle to reaching the summit had been his own ___38___. When he could no longer see the top of the mountain, the problems ____39____. He thanked Peeper for using that little ____40____ to help him see that his aims were not impossible, and that they were still there, where they had always been.
21. A. convincing B. encouraging C. educating D. entertaining
22. A. practice B. disadvantage C. growth D. failure
23. A. special B. beautiful C. fancy D. expensive
24. A. gift B. challenge C. award D. request
25. A. breaking B. damaging C. aching D. swelling
26. A. danger B. adventure C. pressure D. misfortune
27. A. quitted B. kept C. accomplished D. abandoned
28. A. problem B. pain C. injury D. anxiety
29. A. normally B. practically C. certainly D. exactly
30. A. incomparable B. invisible C. undesirable D. unmeasurable
31. A. experience B. attempt C. view D. present
32. A. white B. thin C. dark D. thick
33. A. recognized B. grasped C. believed D. acknowledged
34. A. image B. spot C. photo D. message
35. A. move B. feel C. change D. see
36. A. objective B. power C. success D. journey
37. A. preference B. will C. competence D. concentration
38. A. mistake B. prejudice C. ignorance D. discouragement
39. A. set off B. cut in C. set in D. showed off
40. A. technology B. tool C. trick D. mark
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bobby作为一个登山者屡次失败，镇上的老眼镜商Peeper为了鼓励他又一次登山，送给他一副特殊的太阳镜，Bobby戴上它终于登上山顶。在山顶上，Bobby发现了眼镜的奥秘之处，原来Peeper在太阳镜片上刻上了山顶的图像，以便于Bobby能时刻看到自己的目标，最终取得了成功。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓励Bobby再尝试一次，镇上的老眼镜商Peeper……A. convincing说服，使相信；B. encouraging鼓励；C. educating 教育；D. entertaining款待。从后文Peeper对Bobby的帮助中可以看到，是鼓励Bobby再一次尝试。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：镇上的老眼镜商Peeper见证了他的失败…… A. practice实践，练习；B. disadvantage不足之处； C. growth成长； D. failure失败。根据第一段我们可知Bobby登山屡次失败，所以Peeper见证了他的失败。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：……赠送了他一副特殊的太阳镜。A. special特殊的；B. beautiful漂亮的；C. fancy精致的；D. expensive昂贵的。通过浏览后文我们可知：Peeper在太阳镜片上刻上了山顶的影像，是特殊的太阳镜。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bobby没多想就收下了礼物……A. gift礼物；B. challenge挑战；C. award奖品；D. request要求，前面说Peeper送给Bobby一副太阳镜，所以应该是Bobby接受了这个礼物。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他的脚再一次开始疼时，他想到了Peeper的话，并戴上了那副眼镜。A. breaking打破，折断，弄坏；B. damaging损害，毁坏；C. aching疼痛；D. swelling肿胀。前文中Peeper 说道“If it starts clouding over or if your feet start hurting, put on these glasses. They'll help you.（如果开始乌云密布或你的脚开始疼，带上这副眼镜，它会帮助你）”。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当厄运像往常一样以乌云密布的方式到来了……A. danger危险；B. adventure冒险；C. pressure压力； D. misfortune 厄运，不幸的事。结合前文说Bobby屡次登山失败，此处应该填“厄运，不幸的事”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当厄运像往常一样以乌云密布的方式到来了，但不像平时那么浓厚，所以Bobby继续登山，把乌云置于身后……A. quitted放弃；B. kept继续，持续；C. accomplished完成；D. abandoned放弃，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：以Bobby继续登山，把乌云置于身后，忘掉了他的疼痛，并最终到达了山顶。A. problem问题； B. pain痛苦C. injury伤 D. anxiety焦虑。因为前文说过他的脚又开始疼时他想到了Peeper的话。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这当然是值得的。A. normally通常地，一般地；B. practically实际上，几乎；C. certainly无疑当然；D. exactly精确地，确切地。因为Bobby终于登上了山顶，无疑是很值得的。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的成功感是无法比拟的，几乎和山顶绝妙的风景一样壮观。A. incomparable无可比拟的，无与伦比的； B. invisible看不见的； C. undesirable不受欢迎的； D. unmeasurable无法计量的。与山顶的风景相媲美，足见Bobby此刻的高兴之情是不可比的。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的成功感是无法比拟的，几乎和山顶绝妙的风景一样壮观。A. experience经验，经历；B. attempt尝试；C. view风景； D. present礼物，现在。因为Bobby登上了山顶，以及后文中出现的“the mountain below was surrounded by a dense sea of clouds.（脚下的山浓密的云海包围）”所以此处应该似乎美妙的风景。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Bobby的记忆中，云没有这么浓厚，所以……A. white白色的；B. thin薄的，稀少的；C. dark黑暗的，乌黑的； D. thick浓密的，厚的。因为他登山时戴的太阳镜上被刻上了山顶的图像，所以并不像真实中的那么浓，因此引入下文Bobby发现太阳镜的奥秘。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bobby在仔细看过太阳镜后，了解了一切。A. recognized承认； B. grasped了解，抓住； C. believed相信；D. acknowledged承认，鸣谢。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peeper在镜片上刻了一个浅色图像，以白雪覆盖的山顶的形式。A. image影像， 肖像，图像； B. spot地点； C. photo照片，相片；D. message信息; 消息。根据下一句话中的“……in the form of the snow-covered summit.（……以白雪覆盖的山顶的形式出现）”所以应是一个画面，又因为是刻在眼镜上的，C选项不符。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样一来当你向上看的时候你就只能看到镜片里山顶的图像。A. move移动；B. feel感觉；C. change改变； D. see看到。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peeper已经了解到了，当Bobby失去他的目标时，他差不多就失去了他的梦想。A. objective目标，任务；B. power力量； C. success成功；D. journey旅行，历程。结合前文可知Peeper送给Bobby太阳镜的目的就是希望他能时刻看到自己的目标。故选A选。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Bobby失去他的目标时，他差不多就失去了他的梦想，他继续下去的意志力就会减弱。A. preference偏爱；B. will意志力；C. competence能力；D. concentration集中，专心。在爬山过程中，如果是失去梦想，意志力就会减弱。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bobby意识到过去他爬到山顶唯一的障碍就是他自己的沮丧。A. mistake错误； B. prejudice 偏见；C. ignorance忽视；D. discouragement沮丧。结合上文，Bobby在看不到目标是，就失去了梦想，从而降低了意志力，故沮丧是他唯一的障碍。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他看不到山顶时，问题就来了。A. set off出发; （使）开始；B. cut in插嘴; C. set in开始; 到来;D. showed off炫耀，卖弄。根据前文，当Bobby看不到目标时，就会导致一系列问题的到来。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他感谢Peeper用这个小把戏来帮助他认识到他的目标不是不可能的A. technology科技，技术； B. tool 工具；C. trick 戏法，诀窍；D. mark记号。通读全文，我们可以知道Peeper为了使Bobby登山时不失去信心，在送给他的太阳镜上刻上山顶的图像，可知这是Peeper的一个小把戏。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In August, cases of a mysterious severe lung disease rocked the health society, _____41_____ doctors looking for the cause of the illness. They found the link between vaping and lung disease. Now, there are 805 lung injury cases reported across 46 states in the United States. There had been twelve ____42____(death) reported, and all cases reported a history of e-cigarette use.
E-cigarette use poses a significant and avoidable health risk to young people in the United States. Besides increasing the ____43____(possible) of addiction and long-term harm to brain development and respiratory health, e-cigarette use ____44____(associate) with the use of other tobacco products that can do even ____45____(great) damage to the body. Even breathing in e-cigarette smoke that someone else has breathed out ____46____(carry) health risks.
It is important to prevent harm to youth and young adults from e-cigarettes. Everyone has ____47____ role, including parents, health care providers, teachers, and those ___48___ work with and care about young people. A visit to a health care professional is a great chance ____49____(educate) your child on the potential risks of e-cigarette use. Ask your provider to discuss these health risks, including nicotine addiction and the impact of nicotine on the ___50___(develop) brain, etc.
【答案】41. with
42. deaths 43. possibility
44. is associated
45. greater
46. carries
47. a 48. who
49. to educate
50. developing
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子烟对人体的伤害，并且说明了为防止电子烟对青少年造成伤害，人们应该注意什么。
【41题详解】
考查with的复合结构。句意：今年8月，一种神秘的严重肺部疾病的病例震惊了健康社会，医生们正在寻找病因。空白处后面是宾语+doing的结构，所以此处应该是with，构成with+宾语+doing的复合结构，在句中做状语。故填with。
【42题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：报告了12例死亡，所有病例都报告了电子烟使用史。因为是12例死亡，所以应该用复数形式。故填deaths。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：除了增加成瘾的可能性和对大脑发育和呼吸系统健康的长期伤害之外……，空白处前面是the，后面是of addiction，所以此处需要一个名词。需将possible变为名词形式。故填possibility.
【44题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：除了增加成瘾的可能性和对大脑发育和呼吸系统健康的长期伤害之外，电子烟的使用还与其他烟草产品的使用有关……。此句子的主语是“e-cigarette use”，空白处需要动词的谓语形式，associate需用被动语态，构成A be associated with B的结构，意为A何B有关，结合主语性质用单数，结合上下文时态用一般现在时，故填is associated。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：……这些烟草产品对身体造成更大的损害。Even后面形容词需要用比较级。故填greater。
【46题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：即使吸入别人呼出的电子烟也会带来健康风险。此句主语“breathing in……”为动名词形式，smoke后是由that引导的定语从句，空白处缺失谓语动词，动名词做主语谓语动词用单数，又因为时态用一般现在时，故填carries。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：每个人都有自己的角色，包括父母、卫生保健提供者、教师，以及那些与年轻人一起工作和关心他们的人。空白处后面的role角色是泛指。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：以及那些与年轻人一起工作和关心他们的人。先行词是those，指代人，并且从句中缺少主语。故填who。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：访问卫生保健专业人员是一个很好的去教育您的孩子有关电子香烟使用的潜在风险的机会。此句是系表结构，表语chance后面是后置定语，需用动词的非谓语形式，又因为此处的“去教育您的孩子有关电子香烟使用的潜在风险的机会”是表示目的，故填to educate。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：和你的供应商讨论这些健康风险，包括尼古丁成瘾和尼古丁对发育中的大脑影响等。空白处是一个定语修饰brain。又因为前文说到是孩子，是正在发育的大脑。故填developing。
第三部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Bill,
You must know how deeply saddened I was over your loss. Your sister and I were the dearest friend and recalling the past, I dare saying she was like a sister to me. I will miss him very much.
I could always count at her whenever I needed help, whether with a big project and a small task that she was always so willing to help me with. I came to trust her judgment and wise as well and her advice were always so well thought out and helpful.
She was a terrible great friend and I know our lives will never be same without her. I could never find a better and more caring friend. She has been left us with so many wonderful memories. I will cherish them forever.
In Deep Sorrow,
Betty Smith
【答案】1. 第二句friend →friends
2. 第二句saying→say
3. 第三句him→her
4. 第四句at → on/ upon
5. 第四句 and → or
6. 第五句 wise →wisdom
7. 第五句 were →was
8. 第六句 terrible →terribly
9. 第六句 same前添加the
10. 第八句删除been
【解析】
【分析】
这是一封信。在信中作者Betty Smith表达了对Bill姐姐的思念和感谢。
【详解】1.考查名词单复数。句意：我和你姐姐是最亲密的朋友。因为是两个人，friend用复数形式。故将friend 改为friends。
2.考查动宾搭配。句意：我想她对于我来说就像一个姐妹。I dare say 是习惯用法，意为“大概”、“我想”。故将saying改为say。
3.考查人称代词。句意：我将会非常思念她。因为前文说她就像我的姐妹。故将him改为her。
4.考查固定搭配。句意：当我需要帮助的时候我常常需要依靠她。count on/upon 为固定搭配，意为“依靠，依赖”。故将at 改为 on/ upon。
5．考查连词。句意：不管是一个大任务或是一个小任务，她经常愿意帮助我。“whether…or”意为“是…还是”，故将and 改为 or。
6.考查名词用法。句意：我愿意相信她的判断和智慧。her为形容词性物主代词，and前后并列的两个词都应是名词形式。wise为形容词或动词。故将wise 改为wisdom。
7.考查主谓一致。句意：她的建议总是经过深思熟虑，很有帮助。advice是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。故将were 改为was。
8.考查副词用法。句意：她是个非常好的朋友，我知道没有她，我们的生活绝对会不一样。great是形容词，需要副词对其进行修饰表程度。故将terrible 改为terribly。
9.考查冠词的用法。句意：她是个非常好的朋友，我知道没有她，我们的生活绝对会不一样。Same表示“相同的”，“同样的”通常与定冠词连用。故在same前添加the。
10.考查时态语态。句意：她给我们留下了那么多美好的回忆。此句时态为现在完成时，主语she为动作left的执行者，为主动语态，现在完成时主动语态为has/have +过去分词。故删除been。
【点睛】在本题的第2处错误中，因为dare的用法较为特殊，故为易错题。1.dare为实意动词时，用法为dare（sb.）to do sth.意思为“胆敢、激将”。2.dare为情态动词时多用于条件句，疑问句和否定句中，意思为“敢，竟敢”。3.I dare say…通常作“我以为”、“在我看来”、“大概，或者”等解，例如：I dare say his brother is still in town。结合语境，在文章中应该是第3中用法，故在第二句中将saying改为say。
第二节 书面表达 (共1小题；满分25分)
52.假定你是李华。你的美国朋友Sam得知你最近参加了由学校组织的研学旅行活动，来信向你咨询相关情况，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动地点和内容；
3. 活动感受。
注意：
1. 格式已为你写好，不计入总词数; 2. 词数：100左右。
参考词汇：研学旅行study trip
Dear Sam,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
Knowing from your last letter that you’re interested in my recent study trip organized by my school, I am pleased to share relevant details of the trip with you.
The study trip, aimed to broaden students’ horizons and encourage students to pursue their dreams, was scheduled to visit Tsinghua University. We were first shown around the campus with canteens and dormitories included, where we had a general understanding of what university life was like. Followed was a physics lesson given by a renowned professor, making it possible for us to consult a university teacher face to face. Last but not least, what impressed me most was an opportunity to perform an experiment in Tsinghua Lab. It was the advanced technology there that inspired me with a great motivation to pursue my dream of becoming a Tsinghua student in the future.
All of the experience above in Tsinghua University highlighted my strong desire to study there. If possible, I am looking forward to next study trip.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信
【详解】第一步：审题。要求写一封咨询信，
第一，内容要点包括：
1. 活动目的；2. 活动地点和内容；3. 活动感受。
第二，人称为第一人称和第二人称；时态以一般过去式为主。
第二步：谋篇布局，文章为三段式。第一段，表明写作背景；第二段，描述研学旅行活动的目的、地点、内容和意义；第三段，表达希望。
第三步：确定关键词和短语： relevant details，aim to，be scheduled to, be shown around, face to face, Last but not least, pursue my dream, be looking forward to。
第四步：确定较为高级的句子：1.Knowing from your last letter that you’re interested in my recent study trip organized by my school, I am pleased to share relevant details of the trip with you.现在分词做原因状语。2. It was the advanced technology there that inspired me with a great motivation to pursue my dream of becoming a Tsinghua student in the future.强调句。
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接：first，Followed was，Last but not least。
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，要点完整，上下文连贯流畅，句式多样，逻辑清晰。
使用了较为高级的句式：1. Knowing from your last letter that you’re interested in my recent study trip organized by my school, I am pleased to share relevant details of the trip with you.（现在分词做原因状语）。
2. We were first shown around the campus with canteens and dormitories included, where we had a general understanding of what university life was like.(定语从句)
3. Last but not least, what impressed me most was an opportunity to perform an experiment in Tsinghua Lab.（主语从句）
4. It was the advanced technology there that inspired me with a great motivation to pursue my dream of becoming a Tsinghua student in the future.（强调句）
高级句式的应用提高了写作的档次，使表达形式更丰富，句子更精彩，信息量更大，充分体现了作者在英语表达上的实力。
2020届广东六校高三第二次联考试题
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With all the attention Thanksgiving and Christmas get from travellers, it’s easy to overlook Halloween as a destination holiday. While a few cities provide a ghostly atmosphere all year round, annual festivals, theme park pop-up events and other haunted happenings elsewhere have helped make the holiday a travel mini-season all its own.
New Orleans
Home to year-round cemetery walks, New Orleans is among the cities that naturally harmonize with Halloween. Worth noting every October is the family-friendly Halloween parade, happening this year on Oct. 21, with floats devoted to themes like werewolves and vampires. Float riders throw locally made candies to the crowd. New Orleans hosts plenty of after-event-parties, but the procession itself draws all ages in costume.
Whitby, England
This picturesque town on England’s Yorkshire coast is considered to be the home of Dracula, though in a different way. Bram Stoker spent just a month in Whitby, but those four weeks in July and August 1890 were important in the creation of his most famous book, “Dracula”, which was published in 1897. Whitby celebrated the 125th anniversary of Stoker’s visit in 2015, but this year you can see the skeletal remains of Whitby Abbey illuminated throughout the final week of October.
Salem Massachusetts
Home to the infamous witch trials of the early 1690s, it should come as no surprise that this town is a hotbed for Halloween activity. One way Salem builds on its spectral past is with the nearly month-long festival of the Dead. Events starting from mid-October this year include psychic readings, mourning-themed tea and on Halloween night, a witches gathering.
Orlando, Florida
The home of Disney World and Universal Studios goes all-out with huge Halloween events. Universal this year will hold its 27th Halloween Horror Night on Oct. 30, a seasonal pop-up featuring haunted houses and “scareactors” employed to frighten visitors. Plus, there are many other activities like trick-or-treating, Disney character encounters, a Halloween ball and fireworks.
1. Which of the following is most recommended for a family going together?
A. New Orleans. B. Whitby, England.
C. Salem, Massachusetts. D. Orlando, Florida.
2. Where do Halloween activities last the longest this year?
A. New Orleans. B. Whitby, England.
C. Salem, Massachusetts. D. Orlando, Florida.
3. What can you do in Orlando, Florida ?
A. Have mourning-themed tea. B. Enjoy dancing.
C. Watch Disney movies. D. See skeletal remains.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在一些城市，万圣节以年度节日、主题公园的快闪活动和其他的一些闹鬼事件为体现形式，形成了一个独立的旅游小假日。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个黑色小标题下“Worth noting every October is the family-friendly Halloween parade, happening this year on Oct. 21, with floats devoted to themes like werewolves and vampires.（值得注意的是，每年10月都会举行适合家庭的万圣节游行，今年的万圣节游行将于10月21日举行，花车主题包括狼人和吸血鬼。）”文中的“family-friendly”和题干中的“a family going together”相呼应。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。本题问的是“今年哪里的万圣节活动持续的时间最长”。根据第一个小黑标题下的“happening this year on Oct. 21”可知New Orleans的万圣节活动时间是一天。根据第二个小黑标题下的“but this year you can see the skeletal remains of Whitby Abbey illuminated throughout the final week of October.（但今年你可以看到惠特比修道院的遗骸将照亮整个10月的最后一周。）”可知Whitby, England的万圣节活动时间是一周。根据第三个小黑标题下的“One way Salem builds on its spectral past is with the nearly month-long festival of the Dead. （塞勒姆建立在过去幽灵般的历史上的一种方式是伴随近一个月的亡灵节。）”可知Salem, Massachusetts的万圣节活动时间是将近一个月。根据第四个小黑标题下的“Universal this year will hold its 27th Halloween Horror Night on Oct. 30”可知Orlando, Florida的万圣节活动时间是一天。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的“Orlando, Florida”可将答案定位在第四个小黑标题下。由最后一句话中的“a Halloween ball and fireworks.（万圣节舞会和烟火。）”可知在这个活动中你可以跳舞。故选B项。
B
A cloudless Southern California sky looms over the Pro Park Course for the Pro Skate Park Series. Here to compete are some of the top female skaters in the world. The women skaters range in age from early adolescence to early 30s, but in a sport that embraces youth, there is one who stands out. At 8 years old, Sky Brown, would be the youngest skater, male or female, ever to compete at this series.
She is known to some — a minor star of the viral age. When her first video was posted to YouTube, Sky initially gained a little internet fame as a premature and level-headed 4-year-old — highly intelligent, well-spoken beyond her years, hugely talented, and yet grounded. Four years later, it was announced that she would be competing at Huntington Beach. Still, the question remains: Is she truly ready, or will this be another case where reality comes crashing down hard on all the hype?
And then, it turns out to be anything but. Sky goes out and presents one surprise after another. Commentators Neal Hendrix and Chris Pastras are left in awe, “Half of the pros can't do.” The only thing that makes the prodigy look like a kid is her size. In every other regard, she holds her own with skaters 10 and 20 years her senior. Before the competition at Huntington, Sky was a curiosity. After, she is a competitor.
Sky's first memory of a skateboard is seeing her father, Stuart, doing a few tricks in front of the family home. “It always looked really fun,” says Sky. “I just kept begging to try it.” Sky progressed quickly, although she never had a formal coach. Somehow she just had the knack. Every movement, every shift in weight, every push and pull of body on board, she absorbed. Then, she did it herself.
“You get so close to making it,” she says of her process, “and think you're about to land it, and then it takes you 100 more times. I'm always saying to my parents, 'Just one last try.'” If anyone was pushing, striving to get better, it was Sky herself, learning new tricks the same way everyone else does — by trying, failing, falling, and getting back up again.
4. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?
A. To show Sky’s early experience.
B. To show Sky’s talents from varied aspects.
C. To show the public’s doubt about Sky’s competence.
D. To show the public’s recognition of Sky’s performances.
5. What do we know about Sky?
A. She equals the senior skaters in the competition.
B. She looks like a professional skater in terms of her figure.
C. She participates in a competition inappropriate for the young.
D. She has already become a household name before the competition.
6. What is the main reason for Sky’s achievements?
A. Her parents push her too hard.
B. She practices hard and never quits.
C. Her coach is very strict with her.
D. Her father exerts a strong influence on her.
7 What is the best title for the text?
A. A Rocky Road Leads to Internet Fame
B. A Strong Competitor Stands out from Crowd
C. An 8-year-old Skater Amazes the World
D. A Wonder Shows at the Pro Skate Park Series
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇人物传记。文章讲述了8岁的小女孩Sky Brown，在与青少年及成年人的滑板比赛中脱颖而出，四年后她决定参加亨廷顿海滩的比赛，在人们的怀疑声中，她展现出一个又一个惊喜。她回忆了自己的成长之路，是反复的练习和尝试造就了她的成功。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中的“Still, the question remains: Is she truly ready, or will this be another case where reality comes crashing down hard on all the hype?（不过，问题依然存在：她真的准备好了吗？还是说这又是一个现实在大肆宣传下崩溃的例子？）”，可知，人们对Sky Brown的能力还持有怀疑态度。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中的“he only thing that makes the prodigy look like a kid is her size.（唯一让神童看起来像个孩子的就是她的身材。）”可知B选项“She looks like a professional skater in terms of her figure.（根据她的身材可以看出来她像一个职业选手）”是错误的。由第一段中的“The women skaters range in age from early adolescence to early 30s,（女子滑板运动员的年龄从青春期早期到30岁出头不等）”可知C选项“She participates in a competition inappropriate for the young.（她参加了一个不适合年轻人参加的比赛。）”是错误的。由第三段中的“Before the competition at Huntington, Sky was a curiosity.（在比赛前，她是令人好奇的）”可知D选项中的“a household name家喻户晓的名字”表达有误。第三段的“In every other regard, she holds her own with skaters 10 and 20 years her senior.（在其他方面，她都能和比她大10到20岁的滑板运动员打成平手）”和A选项意思相符。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“I just kept begging to try it. （我只是不断乞求尝试。）”和文章最后一句话中的“…learning new tricks the same way everyone else does — by trying, failing, falling（……学习新的技巧，就像其他人一样——尝试，失败，跌倒）”可知Sky Brown获得成就的原因是刻苦的训练和永远不放弃的精神。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了一个小女孩在滑板比赛中脱颖而出，震惊了世界。A选项的“Internet Fame”偏离主题。D选项的中心词是“shows”,因为本文是一篇人物传记，故D项错误。本文重点是突出女孩小小年纪就可以与比她大10到20岁的滑板运动员相抗衡。故选C项。
C
In 1992, Teen Talk Barbie was released with the controversial voice fragment, “Math class is hard.” While the toy's release met with strong public reaction, this underlying assumption persists, spreading the myth that women do not thrive in science, technology, engineering and mathematic (STEM) fields due to biological inadequacies in math aptitude. However, in 2019 Jessica Cantlon at Carnegie Mellon University led a research team that comprehensively examined the brain development of young boys and girls and found no gender difference in brain function or math ability.
Cantlon and her team conducted the first neuroimaging study to evaluate biological gender differences in math aptitude of young children. Her team used functional MRI（核磁共振）to measure the brain activity in 104 young children (3-to-10-year-old; 55 girls) while watching an educational video covering early math topics, like counting and addition. The researchers compared scans from the boys and girls to evaluate brain similarity. In addition, the team examined brain maturity by comparing the children's scans to those taken from a group of adults (63 adults; 25 women) who watched the same math videos.
After numerous statistical comparisons, Cantlon and her team found no difference in the brain development of girls and boys. In addition, the researchers found no difference in how boys and girls processed math skills and were equally engaged while watching the educational videos. Finally, boys' and girls' brain maturity were statistically equivalent when compared to either men or women in the adult group.
Cantlon said she thinks society and culture are likely steering girls and young women away from math and STEM fields, as previous studies show that families spend more time with young boys in play that involves spatial cognition（空间认知）. “Typical socialization can make worse small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math,” Cantlon said. “We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren't the ones causing the gender inequities.”
However, this project is focused on early childhood development using a limited set of math tasks. Cantlon wants to continue this work using a broader scope of math skills, such as spatial processing and memory, and follow the children over many years.
8. What can we infer about the toy’s release?
A It has raised a storm of applause.
B. Girls perform no worse than boys in math.
C. Math is a subject difficult to every one of us.
D. Women are born with insufficient math abilities.
9. What can we learn from the study conducted by Cantlon?
A. Boys process math skills more quickly than girls.
B. Boys and girls have similar brain in math abilities.
C. Boys and girls have similar interest in math.
D. Adults have better brain than children in math.
10. What will Cantlon most likely agree with?
A. Parents should lengthen the time spent with girls.
B. Society is causing a greater gender difference in math abilities.
C. Culture plays a leading role in children’s brain development.
D. We should cultivate boys’ and girls’ math abilities equally.
11. How will Cantlon further her research?
A. By using a wider range of math skills.
B. By involving a broader scope of subjects.
C. By increasing the complexity of math tasks.
D. By following the children until their adulthood.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了在1992年，《青少年谈话》芭比娃娃发布了"数学课很难"这一有争议的声音片段，传播了“女性由于生物学缺陷，无法在STEM领域茁壮成长”的没有事实根据的理论。2019年，卡内基梅隆大学的杰西卡·坎特隆带领一个研究小组，经过研究和比对，发现了不管是成年人还是儿童，不同性别在学习数学技能方面没有差别。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中的 “…spreading the myth that women do not thrive in science, technology, engineering and mathematic (STEM) fields due to biological inadequacies in math aptitude. （……传播了“女性由于生物学缺陷，无法在STEM领域茁壮成长”的没有事实根据的理论。）”与D选项“女人天生数学能力不足。”相呼应，故选D选。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中的“…and found no gender difference in brain function or math ability.（……发现大脑功能或数学能力没有性别差异。）”与B选项“Boys and girls have similar brain in math abilities.（男孩和女孩在数学能力上有相似的大脑。）”意思相近。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段坎特隆所说的话“Typical socialization can make worse small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math,（典型的社会化会让男孩和女孩之间的小差异变得更严重，这些小差异会像滚雪球一样影响我们对待他们的科学和数学，）”和“We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren't the ones causing the gender inequities. 我们需要意识到这些根源，以确保我们不是那个导致性别不平等的人。”可知，坎特隆认为，人们不应该有意识地区别对待男孩和女孩在科学和数学领域的发展。与D项“我们应该平等地培养男孩和女孩的数学能力。”意思相符。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。题目的意思是“坎特伦将如何推进她的研究？”根据文章最后一段中的“Cantlon wants to continue this work using a broader scope of math skills, such as spatial processing and memory, and follow the children over many years.（坎特隆希望通过使用更广泛的数学技能继续这项工作，如空间处理和记忆，并将跟踪儿童多年。）”与A选项的“By using a wider range of math skills.（通过使用更广泛的数学技能。）”意思相符，B选项的“subjects”表述不准确。故选A项。
D
Jonathan Agnew recently described “unofficial interviews” as those where you agree that it’s “between you and I”. And a Times journalist wrote about someone who had “made Jenny and I feel so welcome”. They are both intelligent people with the ability to express ideas fluently and logically. And yet they wrote “I” where they meant “me”.
It’s happening more and more. We are scared of the mistake like “Terry and me went to the pub”. We’ve all been taught that it should be “Terry and I went to the pub”. Plus we’ve heard the Queen say “my husband and I” a lot. So we begin to use “and I” even when it should be “and me”.
But my point here is not to support the correct usage. It’s the opposite: I want to reject the idea that there’s such a thing as “correct” English at all. Language isn’t like maths, where you can show that two plus two is four. Language has no fundamental rights and wrongs, only conventions. You cannot definitively prove that any are “right” and others “wrong”.
Sometimes correct language sounds absurd. Look at Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills) who came up with a new rule. Primary school children now have to be taught that “inverted commas” is right, while “speech marks” is wrong. You and I know that those terms are interchangeable. And the child who looks at those marks on the page can see that both make perfect sense. That’s because a primary school child is more intelligent than the Ofsted turkey who came up with this rule.
As the teacher who told me about the ludicrous rule pointed out, there is no doubt that in a few years’ time, the “incorrect” term will become the “correct” one. But the truly horrible thing about an education system like this is that it destroys children’s love of language. It tells them they have to worry about rules, instead of encouraging them to read and write for its own sake. Let them read for fun and they’ll absorb the rules — or conventions — anyway. Have them shaking in fear about English tests, and you’ll increase their insecurity about getting language “right”.
Then one day that insecurity will have them saying “and I” even though they mean “and me”.
12. Why do people use “and I” when it should be “and me” according to the text?
A. The Ofsted sets a rule.
B. “and I” is the correct English.
C. The Queen makes a similar mistake.
D. People feel insecure about using “and me”.
13. What can we learn from paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. Rules benefit children’s language learning.
B. Language learning is more complicated than maths.
C. Language is based on commonly accepted rules.
D. A primary school child is smarter than the Ofsted.
14. What does the underlined word “ludicrous” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Influential. B. Particular.
C. Conventional. D. Ridiculous.
15. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude towards the correct English?
A. Critical. B. Objective.
C. Favourable. D. Indifferent.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章首先提出了有一些能够流利和有逻辑地表达想法的聪明人，用“I”来代替“me”， 用的越来越多时，人们就开始在该用“I”的时候用了“me”。作者认为语言不像数学，没有对错，只有惯例。太讲究语言规则，会破坏孩子们对语言的热爱。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“It’s happening more and more. We are scared of the mistake like “Terry and me went to the pub”. We’ve all been taught that it should be “Terry and I went to the pub.” （用的越来越多时，我们害怕像“Terry and me went to the pub”这样的错误。我们都被教导应该是“Terry and I went to the pub”）”可知，人们使用“and I”这样的表达方式是害怕犯错误，与D选项中的“feel insecure（没有安全感）”相呼应。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Language has no fundamental rights and wrongs, only conventions.（语言没有基本的对错，只有惯例）”和第四段中的主题句“Sometimes correct language sounds absurd.（有时所谓的正确的语言听起来很荒谬。）” 可知，作者想表达的是语言并无对错，只要被人们普遍认可即可。与C项“Language is based on commonly accepted rules.（语言是基于普遍接受的规则。）”意义相近。故选C项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。在第四段中，作者举例论证了“Sometimes correct language sounds absurd有时所谓的正确语言听起来很荒谬”，例子中说道：Ofsted提出了新的语言规则，让小学生必须认为“inverted commas”是正确的，而“speech marks”是错误的，我们都知道这些术语是可以互换的，而看到这些标注的小学生都知道这两者都是完全说得通的。作者还用讽刺的口吻说道“那是因为小学生比提出这些规则的人要聪明。”结合划线词所在句后一句的句意是“毫无疑问，再过几年，不正确的术语又变成了正确的术语”。可知，第五段中的划线词“ludicrous”的意思是“荒唐的，可笑的” A. Influential有影响的；B. Particular特别的；C. Conventional传统的; D. Ridiculous可笑的，荒谬的。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“I want to reject the idea that there’s such a thing as “correct” English at all.（我想拒绝那种认为英语"正确"的观点。）”和第四段中的“Sometimes correct language sounds absurd.（有时所谓的正确的语言听起来很荒谬）”可知作者是不赞成“正确英语”这种观点的。A. Critical. 批评的；B. Objective. 客观的；C.Favourable赞许的；D. Indifferent. 漠不关心的。故选A项
【点睛】本题中有两题是推理判断题，推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的试题。其中第4小题属于观点态度题，作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的结论中，或流露于修饰的词语之中，比如本题中的“reject””absurb”等词都具有强烈的思想倾向，应特别注意这些措辞。
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people wonder what they can do to become well-rounded and competitive while increasing their rate of success. An often overlooked yet simple way to improve is to increase your knowledge by being a self-starter.
___16___ Rid yourself of assumptions and convictions so that you can be open and receptive to new information. This at times may even contradict what you have always believed to be true. You will eventually come across information that challenges your worldview. Rather than remaining resting in your comfort zone, use this time to stop, reflect and shed light on these ideas in a way that can develop and expand your vision.
After the mind has been ready, the next step is application. Create a to-learn list just as you would a to-do list. Learning information you can utilize in your daily life is very important to having a continuous desire to further advance your education. _____17_____ Reading a book on automobile repair isn’t the same as physically changing the oil or tire on your car. Reading about art isn’t the same as picking up a brush. If your knowledge can be directly applied in a functional and fun fashion, put it into practice! ___18___
Surround yourself with like-minded individuals and try to always take something valuable away from your daily interactions. Many people are professionals in their field and have valuable information and insight to share. ____19____ Never be too prideful, for each question you don’t ask is a missed opportunity!
Go ahead and challenge yourself today. Commit to expanding your mind, continuing your education and becoming a student of life. ____20____ Remember to cultivate your mind so it is prepared to expand, blossom and grow. And share your fountain of knowledge.
A. Be willing to expand your mind.
B. Get ready to seek new information.
C. Many people learn by being hands-on.
D. Learning on the go has actually never been easier!
E. If you come across anything that bewilders you, ask them!
F. Skill-based learning, for example, is useless if it isn’t applied.
G. Utilize the world as your classroom, and always come away with a lesson.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。很多人都想知道怎样能变得面面俱到并且富有竞争力，同时能提高成功率，文章介绍了一个常被人忽略的简单途径：通过成为一个自我激励者增加知识，从而来提高自己。
【16题详解】
根据文章第一段中的“You will eventually come across information that challenges your worldview. （你最终会遇到挑战你世界观的信息）”以及“…can develop and expand your vision.（……可以开拓你的视野）”结合下一段第一句“After the mind has been ready, （在思想具备了之后）”，可知作者在此处是想表达要拓展思维，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据此空前面的一句话“Learning information you can utilize in your daily life is very important to having a continuous desire to further advance your education.（学习可以在日常生活中用的信息对于你以后能保持一个深入学习的持续的愿望是很重要的）”，可知作者想要强调的是应用的重要性，又因为此空后是用例子说明的，与F项的for example相呼应，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据此空前面的一句话“If your knowledge can be directly applied in a functional and fun fashion, put it into practice!（如果你的知识能够以一种实用而有趣的方式直接应用，那就把它付诸实践）”可见作者想表达的是付诸实践对于学习的重要性，和C项的“being hands-on”相呼应，故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据此空前面的一句话“Many people are professionals in their field and have valuable information and insight to share.（许多人都是他们领域的专业人士，有宝贵的信息和见解可以分享）”和后面的一句“Never be too prideful, for each question you don’t ask is a missed opportunity!（永远都不要自满，每一个你没有问的问题都是一个错失的机会）”，可知作者是想表达要向专业人士请教。故选E项。
【20题详解】
此空前一句中的“…and becoming a student of life.（……并且变成一个终身学习者）”与G项中的“Utilize the world as your classroom（把世界变为你的教室）”相呼应，故选G项。
第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Bobby the mountain climber was famous for his attempts to climb the big snowy mountain. He had tried it at least thirty times but had always failed halfway.
For the sake of ____21____ Bobby to try again, Old Peeper, the town optician, who bore witness to his ____22____, presented him with a pair of ____23____ sunglasses. "If it starts clouding over or if your feet start hurting, put on these glasses. They'll help you.” Bobby accepted the ____24____ without giving it much mind, but when his feet started ____25____ again he remembered his words and put on the glasses. Then ____26____ came as usual in the form of cloud cover, but seemingly not so thick this time. So Bobby ____27____climbing, leaving the clouds behind, forgetting his ____28____, and finally arriving at the summit. It was _____29_____ worth it. His feeling of triumph was ____30____, almost as magnificent as that wonderful ____31____. Resplendent in its silence, the mountain below was surrounded by a dense sea of clouds. Bobby didn't remember the clouds being as ____32____ as that, so he looked more closely at the sunglasses, and ____33____ everything.
Peeper had carved a light ____34____ on the lenses (镜片), in the form of the snow-covered summit. It was made in such a way that you could only ____35____ it if you looked upwards. Peeper had understood that whenever Bobby lost sight of his ____36____, he would similarly lose sight of his dream, and his ____37____ to continue would weaken.
Bobby realised that the only obstacle to reaching the summit had been his own ___38___. When he could no longer see the top of the mountain, the problems ____39____. He thanked Peeper for using that little ____40____ to help him see that his aims were not impossible, and that they were still there, where they had always been.
21. A. convincing B. encouraging C. educating D. entertaining
22. A. practice B. disadvantage C. growth D. failure
23. A. special B. beautiful C. fancy D. expensive
24. A. gift B. challenge C. award D. request
25. A. breaking B. damaging C. aching D. swelling
26. A. danger B. adventure C. pressure D. misfortune
27. A. quitted B. kept C. accomplished D. abandoned
28. A. problem B. pain C. injury D. anxiety
29. A. normally B. practically C. certainly D. exactly
30. A. incomparable B. invisible C. undesirable D. unmeasurable
31. A. experience B. attempt C. view D. present
32. A. white B. thin C. dark D. thick
33. A. recognized B. grasped C. believed D. acknowledged
34. A. image B. spot C. photo D. message
35. A. move B. feel C. change D. see
36. A. objective B. power C. success D. journey
37. A. preference B. will C. competence D. concentration
38. A. mistake B. prejudice C. ignorance D. discouragement
39. A. set off B. cut in C. set in D. showed off
40. A. technology B. tool C. trick D. mark
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bobby作为一个登山者屡次失败，镇上的老眼镜商Peeper为了鼓励他又一次登山，送给他一副特殊的太阳镜，Bobby戴上它终于登上山顶。在山顶上，Bobby发现了眼镜的奥秘之处，原来Peeper在太阳镜片上刻上了山顶的图像，以便于Bobby能时刻看到自己的目标，最终取得了成功。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓励Bobby再尝试一次，镇上的老眼镜商Peeper……A. convincing说服，使相信；B. encouraging鼓励；C. educating 教育；D. entertaining款待。从后文Peeper对Bobby的帮助中可以看到，是鼓励Bobby再一次尝试。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：镇上的老眼镜商Peeper见证了他的失败…… A. practice实践，练习；B. disadvantage不足之处； C. growth成长； D. failure失败。根据第一段我们可知Bobby登山屡次失败，所以Peeper见证了他的失败。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：……赠送了他一副特殊的太阳镜。A. special特殊的；B. beautiful漂亮的；C. fancy精致的；D. expensive昂贵的。通过浏览后文我们可知：Peeper在太阳镜片上刻上了山顶的影像，是特殊的太阳镜。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bobby没多想就收下了礼物……A. gift礼物；B. challenge挑战；C. award奖品；D. request要求，前面说Peeper送给Bobby一副太阳镜，所以应该是Bobby接受了这个礼物。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他的脚再一次开始疼时，他想到了Peeper的话，并戴上了那副眼镜。A. breaking打破，折断，弄坏；B. damaging损害，毁坏；C. aching疼痛；D. swelling肿胀。前文中Peeper 说道“If it starts clouding over or if your feet start hurting, put on these glasses. They'll help you.（如果开始乌云密布或你的脚开始疼，带上这副眼镜，它会帮助你）”。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当厄运像往常一样以乌云密布的方式到来了……A. danger危险；B. adventure冒险；C. pressure压力； D. misfortune 厄运，不幸的事。结合前文说Bobby屡次登山失败，此处应该填“厄运，不幸的事”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当厄运像往常一样以乌云密布的方式到来了，但不像平时那么浓厚，所以Bobby继续登山，把乌云置于身后……A. quitted放弃；B. kept继续，持续；C. accomplished完成；D. abandoned放弃，故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：以Bobby继续登山，把乌云置于身后，忘掉了他的疼痛，并最终到达了山顶。A. problem问题； B. pain痛苦C. injury伤 D. anxiety焦虑。因为前文说过他的脚又开始疼时他想到了Peeper的话。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这当然是值得的。A. normally通常地，一般地；B. practically实际上，几乎；C. certainly无疑当然；D. exactly精确地，确切地。因为Bobby终于登上了山顶，无疑是很值得的。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的成功感是无法比拟的，几乎和山顶绝妙的风景一样壮观。A. incomparable无可比拟的，无与伦比的； B. invisible看不见的； C. undesirable不受欢迎的； D. unmeasurable无法计量的。与山顶的风景相媲美，足见Bobby此刻的高兴之情是不可比的。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的成功感是无法比拟的，几乎和山顶绝妙的风景一样壮观。A. experience经验，经历；B. attempt尝试；C. view风景； D. present礼物，现在。因为Bobby登上了山顶，以及后文中出现的“the mountain below was surrounded by a dense sea of clouds.（脚下的山浓密的云海包围）”所以此处应该似乎美妙的风景。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Bobby的记忆中，云没有这么浓厚，所以……A. white白色的；B. thin薄的，稀少的；C. dark黑暗的，乌黑的； D. thick浓密的，厚的。因为他登山时戴的太阳镜上被刻上了山顶的图像，所以并不像真实中的那么浓，因此引入下文Bobby发现太阳镜的奥秘。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bobby在仔细看过太阳镜后，了解了一切。A. recognized承认； B. grasped了解，抓住； C. believed相信；D. acknowledged承认，鸣谢。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peeper在镜片上刻了一个浅色图像，以白雪覆盖的山顶的形式。A. image影像， 肖像，图像； B. spot地点； C. photo照片，相片；D. message信息; 消息。根据下一句话中的“……in the form of the snow-covered summit.（……以白雪覆盖的山顶的形式出现）”所以应是一个画面，又因为是刻在眼镜上的，C选项不符。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样一来当你向上看的时候你就只能看到镜片里山顶的图像。A. move移动；B. feel感觉；C. change改变； D. see看到。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peeper已经了解到了，当Bobby失去他的目标时，他差不多就失去了他的梦想。A. objective目标，任务；B. power力量； C. success成功；D. journey旅行，历程。结合前文可知Peeper送给Bobby太阳镜的目的就是希望他能时刻看到自己的目标。故选A选。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Bobby失去他的目标时，他差不多就失去了他的梦想，他继续下去的意志力就会减弱。A. preference偏爱；B. will意志力；C. competence能力；D. concentration集中，专心。在爬山过程中，如果是失去梦想，意志力就会减弱。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bobby意识到过去他爬到山顶唯一的障碍就是他自己的沮丧。A. mistake错误； B. prejudice 偏见；C. ignorance忽视；D. discouragement沮丧。结合上文，Bobby在看不到目标是，就失去了梦想，从而降低了意志力，故沮丧是他唯一的障碍。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他看不到山顶时，问题就来了。A. set off出发; （使）开始；B. cut in插嘴; C. set in开始; 到来;D. showed off炫耀，卖弄。根据前文，当Bobby看不到目标时，就会导致一系列问题的到来。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他感谢Peeper用这个小把戏来帮助他认识到他的目标不是不可能的A. technology科技，技术； B. tool 工具；C. trick 戏法，诀窍；D. mark记号。通读全文，我们可以知道Peeper为了使Bobby登山时不失去信心，在送给他的太阳镜上刻上山顶的图像，可知这是Peeper的一个小把戏。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In August, cases of a mysterious severe lung disease rocked the health society, _____41_____ doctors looking for the cause of the illness. They found the link between vaping and lung disease. Now, there are 805 lung injury cases reported across 46 states in the United States. There had been twelve ____42____(death) reported, and all cases reported a history of e-cigarette use.
E-cigarette use poses a significant and avoidable health risk to young people in the United States. Besides increasing the ____43____(possible) of addiction and long-term harm to brain development and respiratory health, e-cigarette use ____44____(associate) with the use of other tobacco products that can do even ____45____(great) damage to the body. Even breathing in e-cigarette smoke that someone else has breathed out ____46____(carry) health risks.
It is important to prevent harm to youth and young adults from e-cigarettes. Everyone has ____47____ role, including parents, health care providers, teachers, and those ___48___ work with and care about young people. A visit to a health care professional is a great chance ____49____(educate) your child on the potential risks of e-cigarette use. Ask your provider to discuss these health risks, including nicotine addiction and the impact of nicotine on the ___50___(develop) brain, etc.
【答案】41. with
42. deaths 43. possibility
44. is associated
45. greater
46. carries
47. a 48. who
49. to educate
50. developing
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子烟对人体的伤害，并且说明了为防止电子烟对青少年造成伤害，人们应该注意什么。
【41题详解】
考查with的复合结构。句意：今年8月，一种神秘的严重肺部疾病的病例震惊了健康社会，医生们正在寻找病因。空白处后面是宾语+doing的结构，所以此处应该是with，构成with+宾语+doing的复合结构，在句中做状语。故填with。
【42题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：报告了12例死亡，所有病例都报告了电子烟使用史。因为是12例死亡，所以应该用复数形式。故填deaths。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：除了增加成瘾的可能性和对大脑发育和呼吸系统健康的长期伤害之外……，空白处前面是the，后面是of addiction，所以此处需要一个名词。需将possible变为名词形式。故填possibility.
【44题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：除了增加成瘾的可能性和对大脑发育和呼吸系统健康的长期伤害之外，电子烟的使用还与其他烟草产品的使用有关……。此句子的主语是“e-cigarette use”，空白处需要动词的谓语形式，associate需用被动语态，构成A be associated with B的结构，意为A何B有关，结合主语性质用单数，结合上下文时态用一般现在时，故填is associated。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：……这些烟草产品对身体造成更大的损害。Even后面形容词需要用比较级。故填greater。
【46题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：即使吸入别人呼出的电子烟也会带来健康风险。此句主语“breathing in……”为动名词形式，smoke后是由that引导的定语从句，空白处缺失谓语动词，动名词做主语谓语动词用单数，又因为时态用一般现在时，故填carries。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：每个人都有自己的角色，包括父母、卫生保健提供者、教师，以及那些与年轻人一起工作和关心他们的人。空白处后面的role角色是泛指。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：以及那些与年轻人一起工作和关心他们的人。先行词是those，指代人，并且从句中缺少主语。故填who。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：访问卫生保健专业人员是一个很好的去教育您的孩子有关电子香烟使用的潜在风险的机会。此句是系表结构，表语chance后面是后置定语，需用动词的非谓语形式，又因为此处的“去教育您的孩子有关电子香烟使用的潜在风险的机会”是表示目的，故填to educate。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：和你的供应商讨论这些健康风险，包括尼古丁成瘾和尼古丁对发育中的大脑影响等。空白处是一个定语修饰brain。又因为前文说到是孩子，是正在发育的大脑。故填developing。
第三部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Bill,
You must know how deeply saddened I was over your loss. Your sister and I were the dearest friend and recalling the past, I dare saying she was like a sister to me. I will miss him very much.
I could always count at her whenever I needed help, whether with a big project and a small task that she was always so willing to help me with. I came to trust her judgment and wise as well and her advice were always so well thought out and helpful.
She was a terrible great friend and I know our lives will never be same without her. I could never find a better and more caring friend. She has been left us with so many wonderful memories. I will cherish them forever.
In Deep Sorrow,
Betty Smith
【答案】1. 第二句friend →friends
2. 第二句saying→say
3. 第三句him→her
4. 第四句at → on/ upon
5. 第四句 and → or
6. 第五句 wise →wisdom
7. 第五句 were →was
8. 第六句 terrible →terribly
9. 第六句 same前添加the
10. 第八句删除been
【解析】
【分析】
这是一封信。在信中作者Betty Smith表达了对Bill姐姐的思念和感谢。
【详解】1.考查名词单复数。句意：我和你姐姐是最亲密的朋友。因为是两个人，friend用复数形式。故将friend 改为friends。
2.考查动宾搭配。句意：我想她对于我来说就像一个姐妹。I dare say 是习惯用法，意为“大概”、“我想”。故将saying改为say。
3.考查人称代词。句意：我将会非常思念她。因为前文说她就像我的姐妹。故将him改为her。
4.考查固定搭配。句意：当我需要帮助的时候我常常需要依靠她。count on/upon 为固定搭配，意为“依靠，依赖”。故将at 改为 on/ upon。
5．考查连词。句意：不管是一个大任务或是一个小任务，她经常愿意帮助我。“whether…or”意为“是…还是”，故将and 改为 or。
6.考查名词用法。句意：我愿意相信她的判断和智慧。her为形容词性物主代词，and前后并列的两个词都应是名词形式。wise为形容词或动词。故将wise 改为wisdom。
7.考查主谓一致。句意：她的建议总是经过深思熟虑，很有帮助。advice是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。故将were 改为was。
8.考查副词用法。句意：她是个非常好的朋友，我知道没有她，我们的生活绝对会不一样。great是形容词，需要副词对其进行修饰表程度。故将terrible 改为terribly。
9.考查冠词的用法。句意：她是个非常好的朋友，我知道没有她，我们的生活绝对会不一样。Same表示“相同的”，“同样的”通常与定冠词连用。故在same前添加the。
10.考查时态语态。句意：她给我们留下了那么多美好的回忆。此句时态为现在完成时，主语she为动作left的执行者，为主动语态，现在完成时主动语态为has/have +过去分词。故删除been。
【点睛】在本题的第2处错误中，因为dare的用法较为特殊，故为易错题。1.dare为实意动词时，用法为dare（sb.）to do sth.意思为“胆敢、激将”。2.dare为情态动词时多用于条件句，疑问句和否定句中，意思为“敢，竟敢”。3.I dare say…通常作“我以为”、“在我看来”、“大概，或者”等解，例如：I dare say his brother is still in town。结合语境，在文章中应该是第3中用法，故在第二句中将saying改为say。
第二节 书面表达 (共1小题；满分25分)
52.假定你是李华。你的美国朋友Sam得知你最近参加了由学校组织的研学旅行活动，来信向你咨询相关情况，请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动地点和内容；
3. 活动感受。
注意：
1. 格式已为你写好，不计入总词数; 2. 词数：100左右。
参考词汇：研学旅行study trip
Dear Sam,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
Knowing from your last letter that you’re interested in my recent study trip organized by my school, I am pleased to share relevant details of the trip with you.
The study trip, aimed to broaden students’ horizons and encourage students to pursue their dreams, was scheduled to visit Tsinghua University. We were first shown around the campus with canteens and dormitories included, where we had a general understanding of what university life was like. Followed was a physics lesson given by a renowned professor, making it possible for us to consult a university teacher face to face. Last but not least, what impressed me most was an opportunity to perform an experiment in Tsinghua Lab. It was the advanced technology there that inspired me with a great motivation to pursue my dream of becoming a Tsinghua student in the future.
All of the experience above in Tsinghua University highlighted my strong desire to study there. If possible, I am looking forward to next study trip.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信
【详解】第一步：审题。要求写一封咨询信，
第一，内容要点包括：
1. 活动目的；2. 活动地点和内容；3. 活动感受。
第二，人称为第一人称和第二人称；时态以一般过去式为主。
第二步：谋篇布局，文章为三段式。第一段，表明写作背景；第二段，描述研学旅行活动的目的、地点、内容和意义；第三段，表达希望。
第三步：确定关键词和短语： relevant details，aim to，be scheduled to, be shown around, face to face, Last but not least, pursue my dream, be looking forward to。
第四步：确定较为高级的句子：1.Knowing from your last letter that you’re interested in my recent study trip organized by my school, I am pleased to share relevant details of the trip with you.现在分词做原因状语。2. It was the advanced technology there that inspired me with a great motivation to pursue my dream of becoming a Tsinghua student in the future.强调句。
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接：first，Followed was，Last but not least。
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，要点完整，上下文连贯流畅，句式多样，逻辑清晰。
使用了较为高级的句式：1. Knowing from your last letter that you’re interested in my recent study trip organized by my school, I am pleased to share relevant details of the trip with you.（现在分词做原因状语）。
2. We were first shown around the campus with canteens and dormitories included, where we had a general understanding of what university life was like.(定语从句)
3. Last but not least, what impressed me most was an opportunity to perform an experiment in Tsinghua Lab.（主语从句）
4. It was the advanced technology there that inspired me with a great motivation to pursue my dream of becoming a Tsinghua student in the future.（强调句）
高级句式的应用提高了写作的档次，使表达形式更丰富，句子更精彩，信息量更大，充分体现了作者在英语表达上的实力。
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