2020版高考英语总复习Unit3Lifeinthefuture高考题型分组训练新人教版必修5

Unit 3 Life in the future高考题型分组训练阅读理解板块训练——重细节，练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解ASome people are pessimistic(悲观的)  when they  think about the future. They say that, a hundred years from now, we will have used most of the earth's resources. We will have polluted our seas badly, and be unable to eat fish from them. We will have made the air so dirty that we will need to wear masks. The world's population will have doubled, and we will have used all the countryside for housing; there will be no farmland left.Other people believe that  man adapts very easily. They have a different idea of the future. How, in their views, will people be living in a hundred years' time?One architect(建筑师) believes that man will move  off the land. He suggests that the city of the future will  be a huge, pyramid－shaped(金字塔形的) building, which  will be floating on the surface of the sea.  About 5,000  families will be living there, and the building will contain  shops and schools as well as homes.  By living on the sea,  we will give farmers more land to grow crops.As for oil, people will no longer need it: we will be  heating our homes with power from the sun. And we will not be short of minerals, because there are plenty under  our oceans. At the moment, we do not have the technology to get them out. But, in a hundred years' time, the optimists say, the new sea cities will be using these resources.What will be in the shops in the year 3000? What will people be wearing? How will people be traveling?Scientists who make predictions about the future suggest that, by the year 3000, shops will no longer exist. Computers will have replaced them; and people will order goods from home.People will be wearing very light, thin clothes. By this time, scientists will have invented a fabric(织物) that keeps us cool in hot weather and warm in cold weather.As for travel, the experts say that most people will be using public transport. Electric cars will be traveling through the streets day and night.  Anybody will be able to stop one and use it.An interesting picture.  Unfortunately, we will not be there to see if these predictions come true.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了人们对未来生活的不同看法以及人们对未来生活的预测。1．Pessimists believe that in the future ________.A．the seas and oceans will be full of housesB．we'll have used up all the resourcesC．we will not have enough fish to eat from the seasD．we will have polluted the air so badly that it will be impossible for us to breathe[解析]　细节理解题。由文章第一段的第四句“We will have made...to wear masks.”可知，悲观的人认为一百年之后，因为空气受到严重污染，人们必须要戴着面具，故D项正确。A项是一位建筑师的假想，不符合题干要求；B项应为大部分资源被用完而非全部；C项应为海水因受到污染导致鱼不能食用，故排除。[答案]　D2．Optimists suggest that in the future ________.A．all the land will be too polluted to be cropped onB．pyramids will be most commonly－used housesC．people will be using the power from the sun instead of oilD．we will be short of materials even though we get them from under the oceans[解析]　细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句可知，人们将不再使用石油，而是利用太阳能来取暖。其他选项与原文不符。[答案]　C3．Scientists have made the predictions EXCEPT ________.A．electric cars will be going along the streets continuouslyB．the resources under the oceans will never be used upC．people will order goods from homeD．people won't suffer from cold any longer[解析]　细节理解题。文章最后四段是科学家的推测。倒数第二段第二句提到日夜运作的电车；倒数第四段末句提到人们将在家中订购物品；倒数第三段末句提到新发明的织物会使我们觉得冬暖夏凉；只有B项文中未提及。[答案]　BB(2018·福建闽侯第六中学月考)What might the future be like？Here are some predictions: things to come, things to go.Spring Festival, the most important Chinese holiday when everyone returns home has caused headaches for millions of Chinese. More than 2 billion people travel at the same time, making getting travel tickets and the journey difficult. But in 28 years, Spring Festival travel may not be a problem at all. China plans to build more than 120,000 kilometers of railway and a fast transportation network that will serve 90% of the population by 2020.And because most of China will be cities, people will not have to go to other places to find a job, so it will no longer be a problem.Newspapers will come to an end in 2043. In the future, digital newspapers will be sent to personal web tools through Internet. Readers can discuss topics with journalists and editors. Information will move faster.Oil is running out faster than expected. But scientists have found something else for oil as fuel. Coal, natural gas，solar power, nuclear power and even water can take the place of oil as sources of energy.Schools will go electronic(电子化). Computers will be important and popular among the students. Everything will be in the computer and students will not need to bring books to school. They will find information on the Internet. A computer will be the students' library, schoolbag and connection to the outside world. There will be robot teachers, who will check homework on computers and communicate with the students' parents through e－mail. And school buses will be like spaceships, comfortable and safe.语篇解读：本文主要对未来的交通、就业、媒介、能源、教育等进行了畅想。4．Why has the Spring Festival caused headaches for many Chinese?A．Because it is the most important Chinese holiday.B．Because it costs too much money to celebrate it.C．Because the traffic is too heavy then.D．Because the travel tickets are too expensive then.[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“More than 2 billion people travel at the same time, making getting travel tickets and the journey difficult.”可知在春节期间超过20亿人同时出行，这使得购票和出行变得困难。故选C。[答案]　C5．What is not mentioned in the passage as sources of energy is ________.A．coal    B．windC．nuclear power    D．water[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章第五段的描述可知，文章中没有提到风能，故选B。[答案]　B6．From the passage we can know ________  in the future.A．the Spring Festival travel may still be a problemB．90% of the population will live in the cityC．robot teachers will check homeworkD．oil is running out faster than expected, however scientists haven't found something else for oil as fuel[解析]　细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“There will be robot teachers, who will check homework on computers...”可知选C。[答案]　C7．What's the main idea of the last paragraph?A．Schools will go electronic.B．Computers will be important.C．There will be robot teachers.D．School buses will be like spaceships.[解析]　段落大意题。根据最后一段首句“Schools will go electronic(电子化)．”及下文描述可知，本段主要是说学校将电子化。故选A。[答案]　AC(2018·河南豫南豫北名校联赛)In recent years, China has witnessed the growth of luxury(奢侈品) brands. In this market，Chinese consumers are now the largest spenders. It's clear that a new generation of young, materialistic people is increasingly relying on luxury brands to improve its self－image(自我形象)．I am a fashionist too，at least in spirit—I love to look at clothes and shoes. But I don't understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels.When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary，that's a scary thing.What's interesting is that scientists have found that having luxury things doesn't lead to happiness.Study after study has shown that although we want material things, when we get them we don't suddenly become “happy” people. In fact, a series of studies by Leaf Van Boven at the University of Colorado, US, has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things. That's because experiences are more easily integrated into a person's identity. If I travel  to Yunnan, that adventure affects how I think in the future. My memories become a part of me.Moreover, as Van Boven has observed, young people who pursue(追求) happiness through “things” are liked less by their peers(同龄人). People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.It's natural to want to express yourself through your  appearance. So, my advice is: create a look that isn't tied to a designer label. Convey your own message. Take some lessons from the late Apple cofounder Steve Jobs. He was always in Levis jeans and a black turtleneck. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook，routinely appears  in hoodies and sneakers. These people，successful people，have style. You don't have to break the bank to send a message about who you are.Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.By Susan Chyn语篇解读：近年来，中国经历了奢侈品牌的成长，这篇文章的目的是说服读者投资于体验而非奢侈品。8．What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?A．The author enjoys buying luxury brands herself.B．The author sees no point in spending money on material things.C．The author is critical of youths tying their looks to designer labels.D．The author finds it natural for fashionists to follow  fashion trends.[解析]　推理判断题。根据前三段中的“But I don't understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels.”和“When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that's a scary thing.”可知作者对年轻人太注重利用奢侈品来提升自我形象的行为是持批判态度的。故选C。[答案]　C9．What did Leaf Van Boven's studies show?A．Traveling changes a person's identity greatly.B．People dislike those who love luxuries.C．Experiences can bring people more happiness than luxuries.D．Luxuries have a negative effect on people's happiness.[解析]　细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知，该研究表明经历而不是奢侈品可以带给人们更多的幸福感。故选C。[答案]　C10．What's the author's advice on expressing oneself?A．Be selective about designer labels.B．Create your own personal，unique style.C．Choose styles that are simple and comfortable.D．Try styles like Mark Zuckerberg's.[解析]　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It's natural to want to express yourself  through your appearance. So, my advice is: create a look that isn't tied to a designer label. Convey your own message.”可知作者建议创造你自己独特的风格。故选B。[答案]　B11．What is the main purpose of the article?A．To persuade readers to invest in experiences instead of luxuries.B．To prove how luxury leads to an unpleasant life.C．To tell how to express yourself through appearance.D．To report on a series of studies about luxuries and happiness.[解析]　写作意图题。根据全文尤其是第五段第二句和最后一段可知这篇文章的目的是说服读者投资于体验而非奢侈品。故选A。[答案]　ADWe don't know how different our life will be in the future. We can only try to imagine it.At first we think about human relationships. In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day. We will be making new friends through the Internet—even our husbands or wives will be met in this way. It will be much faster and easier for us. On the other hand, our relationships with other people won't be as important as they are today—we will feel a little lonely.Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050. For example，they will be used by children at school to make their learning easier. In addition, there will be more other machines which will play a similar role as computers, like robots which will do the housework for us.Spending holidays will also be completely different. Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone. Means of transport will, of course, change, too. We will be using solar－powered cars, which will be much environmentally friendly.We could expect that the faster economic development would lead to a more polluted environment. But it isn't true. We will pay more attention to protecting the environment. Scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases，like cancer or AIDS. Therefore，our surroundings as well as health will be in better condition.Although we cannot predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them. We  worry about our and our children's future; we have expectations, hopes as well as fears. But I think we should be  rather sanguine about our future. We should be happy and believe good things will happen.语篇解读：本文主要是对2050年的世界将会发生什么变化进行了简单的想象，提到了人们将去其他星球旅行，以及电脑、机器人等能为人类做的各种事情等。12．The underlined word “sanguine” in the last paragraph  most probably means ________.A．disappointed    B．surprisedC．curious    D．optimistic[解析]　词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后一句“We should be happy  and believe good things will happen”可知，作者认为我们应该对将来保持乐观的心态，相信美好的事情将会发生。disappointed失望的；surprised惊讶的；curious好奇的；optimistic乐观的。故选D。[答案]　D13．According to the passage，which of the following will happen in 2050?A．It will not be difficult for people to travel to other planets.B．Our environment will be much polluted with a growing number of cars.C．The way of spending holidays will be the same as  that of today.D．The relationship between people will be more important.[解析]　细节理解题。根据第四段“Spending holidays will also be completely different. Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone”可知，在2050年，旅游度假也将会变得不同，每个人都能去其他星球旅行。故选A。[答案]　A14．The third paragraph mainly tells ________.A．that computers will do all the things for human beingsB．how people will use robots to do the houseworkC．that machines like computers and robots will help people a lotD．how people will use computers to communicate with each other[解析]　段落大意题。根据“Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050... there will be more other machines which will play a similar role as computers, like robots”可知，第三段讲的是，到2050年，电脑和其他机器如机器人将帮助人们做许多事情，故选C。[答案]　C15．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．What high technology will appear in the year 2050.B．What our life will be like in the year 2050.C．How people will communicate in the year 2050.D．How people will travel and spend their holidays in  the year 2050.[解析]　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容，及其后各段落的第一句可知，文章对2050年的生活进行了一些大胆的猜想，故选B。[答案]　BⅡ.七选五阅读填空Buying someone you love a gift that expresses your truest feelings isn't always easy. __1__ Here's how to discover a gift the receiver will love.·Listen to what others said.While you may think it is a great idea to surprise someone by giving him or her something that you think is  a meaningful gift, it is best just to get them exactly what they have told you. __2__ So forget about what you think   they want and get them what they have specifically asked for.·__3__In order to show love, we might go big instead of thinking of what really makes the person happy. You might think buying your husband the newest smart TV is perfect, but when you get it home, it lights up the living  room like a stadium and is totally wrong for the space. Instead, think smart and practical.·Make a gift yourself.__4__ “Do it yourself (DIY)” gifts can allow you to provide something thoughtful for your loved ones without breaking the bank. Besides，they show how special the receiver is to you by putting some time, effort, and love into something handmade.·Create an experience.If you want to create a memorable moment, visit websites such as Groupon and LivingSocial, where you can buy the latest tickets for a play, a swimming lesson package, or even something unexpected like a flight lesson. __5__A．Size doesn't matter.B．Don't give “lazy” gifts.C．You don't have to spend a lot of money on a gift.D．However, when you get it right, the joy they show will  make you happier.E．These are things that can be experienced together and create a lasting memory.F．Gift receivers are more appreciative of gifts they ask for than those they do not.G．These kinds of gifts take more effort and time than others, but are well worth them.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何为自己爱的人挑选礼物。1．[解析]　上句提到：给你喜欢的人买一个能表达你最真挚感情的礼物总是不容易，与此承接的是D项，意为“但是，当你送对礼物时，他们所表现出来的快乐会让你更快乐”。[答案]　D2．[解析]　上句提到：虽然你也许认为给他们一个你认为有意义的礼物让他或她惊喜是一个好主意，但是最好送他们告诉过你想要的东西。下句提到：所以不要考虑你认为他们想要的，给他们买他们特别想要的。由此可知F项正确，意为“比起他们没有要求要的礼物，接收礼物的人更赞赏他们要求要的”。[答案]　F3．[解析]　根据本段中的“we might go big”及“Instead，think smart and practical.”及所举的例子可知，本段主要介绍了礼物的大小没有关系。[答案]　A4．[解析]　该空下一句提到：自己动手制作的礼物能让你不花很多钱，却能给你爱的人一份贴心的礼物，由此可知，应选C项，意为“没必要花很多钱买一个礼物”。[答案]　C5．[解析]　根据该段主题句及该空上一句中的memorable可知，应选E项，意为“这些事情是能一起经历，还能引起持久的回忆的事情”。[答案]　E