2019届上海市宝山区高三上学期期末考试（一模）英语试题（解析版）

宝山区2019届高三上学期期末考试(一模)
英语试题
I. Listening Comprehension
略
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Ten-year-old Annemarie Johansen lives with her family in Copenhagen, Denmark. There are soldiers on the streets, and the country ___1___ (accept)by the Nazis. There isn't enough to eat, and the world is at war. Then the Nazis decide to "relocate" the country's Jewish population. The Danes don't know ___2___ their friends and neighbors are being taken away. They don't know where they are going, either. But they do know that it is wrong and dangerous and that they must help.
Number the Stars is a very powerful novel. During World War II, the Nazis ___3___ (kill) millions of people in Europe. Many of those people were Jewish. But in Denmark, almost all of the Jewish population was saved. Number the Starsis a work of fiction, but it tells the true story of the Jewish ___4___ (rescue)during the war. The moving plot is driven by justice, danger and excitement. But the book also deals with significant ideas that are much ___5___ (big)than the story itself.
Annemarie must learn that evil doesn't just appear in fairy tales. It's a real thing that affects real people. She must also struggle with questions of loyalty and sacrifice. Who would she die to protect? And is she brave enough ___6___ (make) that sacrifice? Most importantly, Annemarie learns that ___7___(be) brave doesn't mean being fearless. It means doing the right thing despite the fact ___8___ you are afraid, That's heavy stuff for a children's novel.
I have taught Number the Stars to many classes at many different levels. It has always been a popular choice. It uses simple language and sentences. It is easy to read and provides clear examples of literary techniques like foreshadowing(预示). But it is also interesting,and the characters are ___9___ (engage). The plot is full of tension.
Lois Lowry. The author, has written award-winning novels for young people. Number the Stars is a remarkable example of the talent ___10___ has made her so celebrated.
【答案】1. is accepted
2. why 3. killed
4. rescued 5. bigger
6. to make 7. being
8. that 9. engaging
10. that/which
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了一本名为“Number the Stars”的书，书的内容是关于在第二次世界大战期间被营救的犹太人的真实故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：街上有士兵，国家被纳粹接管了。本空在句中为谓语动词，且根据上文there are可知应用一般现在时。本空主语为the country单数，且与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态is accepted。
【2题详解】
考查连接词。根据下文They don't know where they are going, either.可知Dane不知道朋友和邻居被带走的原因，故用表原因的关系副词why。
【3题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：第二次世界大战期间，纳粹杀死了成百上千万人。本空在句中做谓语，且时间为“第二次世界大战”为过去，故应用一般过去时killed。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但是它讲述了关于战争期间被营救的犹太人真实的故事。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故rescue只能做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语Jewish构成被动关系，故用过去分词rescued。
【5题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：但这本书也涉及了比故事本身更重要的重要思想。此处二者之间进行比较应用形容词比较级，且big为重读闭音节词需要双写尾字母加-er，故填bigger。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她有足够的勇气做出这样的牺牲吗？固定结构“主语+be+形容词+enough+to do sth.”表示“……很……足以做某事”后跟不定式to do，故填to make。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：最重要的是，Annemarie明白勇敢并不意味着无所畏惧。本句为动名词短语 being brave做主语，与下文being fearless构成对应，故填being。
【8题详解】
考查连接词。句意：它的意思是尽管你害怕，但还是要做正确的事情。本句为从句做fact的同位语，且从句you are afraid句子成分完整，故连接词用that。
【9题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：但它也很有趣，人物也很吸引人。本空位于系动词are后做表语，故要用形容词形式，故填engaging。
【10题详解】
考查连接词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词talent，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which或that都可。
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

In most democracies today, people expect women to vote. Women are just as able to make decisions about their ___11___ leaders as men. But 200 years ago, most people didn't think so.
As late as the middle of the 19 century only men voted in most Western countries. A few countries or states let women vote in local elections. But women voting was far from ____12____. At that time, people believed that women belonged in the home. That meant they should not get involved with public life.
But women in Europe, North America and New Zealand began ___13___ this situation. They believed that they should have a(n) ___14___ in their government's leaders. In 1792 an English novelist named Mary Wollstonecraft ___15___that women should be able to vote, In the United States, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were important figures. They met while campaigning to put a(n) ___16___ to slavery. In the process, they decided that women also should have more ___17___.
Yet despite the ___18___ of these women neither Great Britain nor the United States was the first country to let women vote. That honor goes to New Zealand, which changed their law on September 19, 1893. This was because of women like Kate Shepherd. She led a group that presented petitions(请愿书) to their parliament three years in a row. Shepherd is now honored on New Zealand's s10 bill.
New Zealand was followed by Australia in 1902 and Finland in 19 zero six. By this time, some U.S. states and territories allowed women to vote. But the country as a whole didn't give women the right until after World War I.
In many countries, the right to hold political office came along with the right to vote. And women have ___19___ that right. In many countries, women have even held their country's highest office. All of that is due to the efforts of women who fought for a(n) ___20___ voice
【答案】11. D 12. A
13. F 14. G
15. I 16. E
17. K 18. C
19. H 20. J
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了两年百年前，女性为争取自己的选举权所做的一系列努力和付出。
【11题详解】
根据上文people expect women to vote人们希望女人能够投票选举，女人可以像男人一样能够决定他们被选举的领导。故选D。
【12题详解】
根据后文“At that time, people believed that women belonged in the home.”可知那时的人们认为女人就应该待在家里，故可知女性选举“还远远没有普及”。短语far from common“没有普及”，故选A。
【13题详解】
根据上文But women in Europe, North America and New Zealand began…可知在欧洲、北美和新西兰的女性开始“反抗；抗议”这种局面，故选F。
【14题详解】
反抗的原因是他们认为他们在政府里应该有发言权。短语have a say“有发言权”，故选G。
【15题详解】
句意：1792年，一位名叫玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特的英国小说家主张妇女应该有选举权。本空应填动词，表示“主张；认为”，故选I。
【16题详解】
句意：他们在为废除奴隶制而进行的竞选活动中相遇。短语put an end to“结束；终止”，故选E。
【17题详解】
句意：在这个过程中，他们决定妇女也应该有更多的权利。本空缺少名词做宾语，且根据上下文应选K。
【18题详解】
句意：然而，尽管有这些妇女的努力，英国和美国都不是第一个允许妇女投票的国家。根据上下文可知，女性为取得选举权作出了很多“努力”，故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：在许多国家，担任政治职务的权利与投票权同时出现。女性已经行使了这一权利。本空缺少谓语动词，且与后文rights搭配，意思为“行使权利”，故选H。
【20题详解】
句意：所有这一切都归功于为争取平等发言权而奋斗的妇女们的努力。争取选举权的本质是女性为争取平等的发言权，故选形容词equal，选J。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The search for new, clean energy sources have occupied the attention of scientists and politicians for years. One common ___21___ for green energy is the wind. A new twist on this old resource could cause energy output of wind-power plants to increase greatly.
Standard wind power plants rely on strong support and ___22___ can only reach the height of 200 meters or so. Higher than that, winds tend to be stronger and steadier, but the challenge is ___23___ how to obtain the energy from those winds.
Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands and Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences in Germany have formed a kite-power research group. The group is working to develop kites with inflatable (可充气的) wings ___24___ to electrical generator (发电机) on the ground.
The research group's goal is to design a kite that can operate on its own for 24 hours. Research has begun, but many challenges remain, including making the generator more ___25___ and perfecting the automatic flight control and structure of the kites. Nevertheless, in June 2012, they demonstrated that their kites could operate ___26___ at an altitude of up to 700 meters.
Meanwhile, in Italy, researchers are working on a(n) ___27___ power generator that relies on kites when the generator called KiteGen, senses wind blowing, kites are ___28___ from the end of poles with high-resistance cables to control their height and angle. These cables are able to move the kites if the system senses coming object ___29___ planes, helicopters or even individual birds. The kites themselves are light, tough and able to reach fairly high altitude. The loop (绕行) around in the wind, which sets the center of the generator in emotion ___30___ electric current.
KiteGen has the ___31___ to be very cost-effective in the long run. After the original cost of designing and setting up the plant, little ___32___ investment will be necessary, apart from standard maintenance. The plant also requires ___33___ little space, which makes it ideal for cities and means that multiple plants can be set up to provide even more ___34___.
Kite power has the potential to greatly ___35___ on current wind power strategies. In the future, it may be an efficient cost efficient supplement to the other sources of energy use or even a replacement for some of them
21. A. resolution B. proposal C. resource D. substitute
22. A. generally B. frequently C. continually D. regularly
23. A. carrying out B. figuring out C. breaking out D. picking out
24. A. chosen B. applied C. collected D. connected
25. A. efficient B. complete C. powerful D. positive
26. A. actively B. passively C. automatically D. artificially
27. A. strange B. similar C. different D. original
28. A. fastened B. revealed C. tailored D. released
29. A. except for B. instead of C. such as D. due to
30. A. producing B. inventing C. promoting D. developing
31. A. qualification B. potential C. trend D. intention
32. A. normal B. formal C. additional D. alternate
33. A. concretely B. abstractly C. thoroughly D. relatively
34. A. energy B. strength C. technology D. opportunity
35. A. focus B. extend C. improve D. transfer
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了荷兰Delft University of Technology和德国Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences组成了一个风筝动力研究小组，同时，在意大利的研究人员也在进行相似的实验，针对风能这一古老资源的新改造可能会使风力发电厂的能源产量大幅增加。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. resolution解决；B. proposal提议；C. resource资源；能源；D. substitute替代品。根据上文清洁能源已经困恼科学家和政客们很多年，而风能是最常见的一种“能源”，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. generally通常；B. frequently频繁地；C. continually不断地；D. regularly定期地。句意：标准的风力发电厂依靠强大的支撑，通常只能达到200米左右的高度。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。A. carrying out实施；B. figuring out算出；弄清楚；C. breaking out爆发；D. picking out选出。句意：高于这个数值，风就会变得更强更稳定，但挑战在于弄清楚如何从这些风中获取能量。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. chosen选择；B. applied应用；C. collected收集；D. connected连接。句意：该小组正在研制一种风筝，这种风筝的充气翅膀与地面上的发电机相连。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. efficient有效率的；B. complete完全的；C. powerful强大的；D. positive积极的。句意：研究已经开始，但仍有许多挑战，包括使发电机更有效率和完善自动飞行控制和风筝的结构。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. actively活跃地；B. passively被动地；C. automatically自动地；D. artificially人工地。句意：然而，在2012年6月，他们证明了他们的风筝可以在700米的高空自动飞行。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. strange陌生的；B. similar相似的；C. different不同的；D. original原始的。由上文meanwhile可知两组实验“相似”，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. fastened固定；B. revealed揭露；C. tailored裁制；D. released释放。由下文可知一感知到风的吹拂，高阻电缆就会将风筝从杆子的一端释放出来，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。A. except for除了；B. instead of而不是；C. such as例如；D. due to因为。根据下文planes, helicopters or even individual birds可知此处表示列举，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. producing产生；B. inventing发明；C. promoting促进；D. developing发展。句意：在风的作用下，使发电机的中心产生电流的回路。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. qualification资格；B. potential潜能；C. trend趋势；D. intention意图。根据后文可知KiteGen在长远看来有可能是非常划算的潜能。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. normal正常的；B. formal正式的；C. additional附加的；D. alternate交替的。句意：除了标准的维护外，在设计和建造工厂的原始成本之后，几乎不需要额外的投资。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. concretely具体地；B. abstractly抽象地；C. thoroughly彻底地；D. relatively相对地。这种植物相对地也只需要很少的空间，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. energy能量；B. strength力量；C. technology技术；D. opportunity机会。这种植物会提供更多的能量，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. focus集中；B. extend延伸；C. improve改善；D. transfer转换。句意：风筝能源有潜力大大改善目前的风力发电策略。故选C。
【点睛】calculate、figure out、work out的区别
calculate侧重于【精确到数字的计算】；
figure更倾向于【估算,估计】,而且多不是数字方面的事情；
work out 一般是指解决问题，制定计划等。如work out a program （制定计划）。
第三小题中需要弄清楚的是如何从风中获取能量，不属于数字方面的事情，故选B。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Many people experience problems with their spine(脊椎) as they age. The tissue that protects the joints in the spine gradually breaks down. As a consequence, the bones, in the spine begin to rub against each other. This further harms that issue as well as the bones. The result is pain in the joints and, sometimes, in nerves near the spine
This painful problem is actually a disease called osteoporosis. Some people are more at risk of osteoporosis because of genes that they inherited from their ancestors. Extremely heavy people are also more likely to suffer from this disease because their extra weight puts much pressure on their joints. Fortunately, there are steps that people can take to help prevent osteoporosis from developing in their spine.
The most important step is exercise. Stretches can help the muscles around the spine relax and allow bones to shift into better alignment(排列), Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around the spine. However, people should not overdo these exercises as repeated motions can strain the muscles around the spine. Trying to lift heavy weights with poor technique can have the same effect.
Another important factor is diet. It affects the health of spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. These include B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids, all of which helps keep nerves healthy. People can get more B vitamin and omega 3 fatty acids by taking supplements sold by stores. Another important factor is vitamin D. which is essential for strong bones. All of these vitamins and acids can be obtained from food. Thus people can help themselves by including them in their daily diets
36. What does this article mainly explain?
A. Various aspects of a medical condition.
B. The actions of viruses that cause illnesses.
C. Drugs often used to solve the physical issue.
D. The location of organs in the human body.
37. How does the writer begin this article?
A. By predicting improvement.
B. By analyzing a series of data.
C. By introducing minor injuries.
D. By describing a gradual process
38. What can readers find in this article?
A. A warning about working out too hard.
B. A method for improving sleep quality.
C. A slogan used to promote health classes.
D. A big criticism often aimed at doctors.
39. What does the article imply about supplement?
A. They are mainly for youngsters.
B. They are commercial products.
C. They are now being researched.
D. They are seldom truly effective
【答案】36. A 37. D 38. A 39. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。讲述了“骨质疏松症”形成过程和导致的原因，以及如何预防的建议。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段最后一句“The result is pain in the joints and, sometimes, in nerves near the spine”可知第一段主要讲这种疾病的演化过程；第二段第一句“This painful problem is actually a disease called osteoporosis.”给出这种疾病的正式命名，并且说明了两种可能致病的原因；第二段最后一句“there are steps that people can take to help prevent osteoporosis from developing in their spine.”可知第三、四段主要讲两种预防这种疾病的建议。故文章分别得病过程、致病原因以及如何预防骨质疏松的建议这几个方面来解释这种疾病，故文章主要从不同方面解释一种医学疾病，故选A。
【37题详解】
篇章结构题。根据第一段第二句“The tissue that protects the joints in the spine gradually breaks down. As a consequence, the bones, in the spine begin to rub against each other. This further harms that issue as well as the bones.”以及后文可知保护脊柱关节的组织逐渐分解。结果，脊柱里的骨头开始互相摩擦。这进一步伤害了骨骼和这个问题。可知作者通过描述一个循序渐进的过程来开始这一篇文章， 故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第一、二句“However, people should not overdo these exercises as repeated motions can strain the muscles around the spine. Trying to lift heavy weights with poor technique can have the same effect.”可知人们不应该过度运动，因为重复的运动会使脊柱周围的肌肉紧张。尝试用拙劣的技巧举重也会有同样的效果。即读者可以在文中找到关于过度锻炼的警告，故选A。
【39题详解】
判断推理题。根据最后一段第四句“People can get more B vitamin and omega 3 fatty acids by taking supplements sold by stores.”可知人们可以通过服用商店出售的补品获得更多的B族维生素和- 3脂肪酸。补品在商店售出即可知补品是商品，故选B。
(B)
In late March of 2018.a tear in the earth about 15 meters wide and 20 meters deep suddenly appeared in Kenya, it cut across roads and even split houses in two. This crack appeared out of nowhere after heavy rains and an increase in seismic activity. Some scientists believe that it is further proof that Africa is slowly splitting apart.
Once a very long time ago, Africa and south America were one landmass before they separated. Similarly, one day in the very distant future, a large part of East Africa will split off from the rest of the continent. This will create a new landmarks and a new ocean. The breakup is the result of plate tectonics, the gradual motion of different parts of the Earth's crust.
When plates of the Earth separate and tear away from each other. It is called rifting. The result is rift valley. Scientists don't understand the exact mechanism behind rifting. But the result is very easy to observe in theEast African Rift System(EARS), That's why studying this part of the world is so important.
The East African Rift system begins in the north in Ethiopia, where three plates are moving away from each other. Two of them are continental plates, the African and Arabian plates. They are tectonic plates that have a large landmass above water. The third is the Somali plate, considered a minor plate, which is steadily moving away from the other two. But don't plan on visiting the new ocean anytime soon. The plates are moving at a rate of about 6 millimeters a year. At the speed millions of years will pass before a new ocean is formed.
EARS is not all bad news for Kenya. A rift valley is composed of an area where there is increased volcanic activity and thinned planetary crust. This makes it easier to take advantage of the power of steam. For Kenya, this might be an answer to the country's electrical problems. The drought conditions that frequently occur there make it difficult to produce energy. But the geothermal(地热的) power plants going online in 2019 will allow them to produce clean energy with very little water.
40. What can be concluded from the passage?
A. A war will certainty breakout in Africa.
B. A disaster will suddenly strike Africa.
C. A geological structure will change in Africa.
D. A new country will come into being in Africa
41. Which of the following plates might be surrounded by water according to the passage
A. East Africa. B. Somali plate. C. Arabian plate. D. Africa plate.
42. What problem may be solved in Kenya thanks to the cracking?
A. Poverty. B. Economy. C. Drought. D. Energy.
【答案】40. C 41. B 42. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。2018年3月底。肯尼亚突然出现了一个约15米宽、20米深的地洞，它横穿道路，甚至将房屋一分为二。暴雨和地震活动增加后，这条裂缝不知从何而来。一些科学家认为，这进一步证明非洲正在慢慢分裂。且分析了这一分裂对非洲带来的影响。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Some scientists believe that it is further proof that Africa is slowly splitting apart.”可知一些科学家认为，这进一步证明非洲正在慢慢分裂。即非洲的地理结构将会变化，故选C。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The third is the Somali plate, considered a minor plate, which is steadily moving away from the other two. But don't plan on visiting the new ocean anytime soon.”可知Somali plate不久就会看到新的海洋，即可知Somali板块可能被水包围，故选C。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段第三句“This makes it easier to take advantage of the power of steam. For Kenya, this might be an answer to the country's electrical problems. The drought conditions that frequently occur there make it difficult to produce energy.”可知这次断裂使Kenya更容易利用蒸汽的力量。对肯尼亚来说，这可能是解决该国电力问题的一个办法。那里经常发生干旱，使生产能源变得困难。故因为这次分裂，Kenya的能源问题可能会得到解决，故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题
这类题型主要有三种形式：问句式，不完整的陈述句和排除法。
1．问句式
A．其发问形式主要有以下几种：
How did something happen?
Which of the following people should (not) do it?
Which of the following did somebody have to deal with ?
Where should somebody do something?
B．解题技巧
在解这类题时，可采用“对号入座”的办法，即带着问题找句子，先看文章后面的问题(这常常被认为是非常有效的方法)，注意记忆关键的词语，如。人物、时间、事件等，确定每道题目的发问中心，也，就是说，某个问题是针对什么提问的。这样我们就可以带着问题去阅读文章，做到有的放矢。每个问题的发问中心反馈到原文中去。当读到有关解答发问中心的信息时，可在有关信息下面画一直线以示突出。带着发问中心及选择项目阅读原文。
如第一小题中询问从文章中能得出什么结论，回归到原文中第一段最后一句“Some scientists believe that it is further proof that Africa is slowly splitting apart.”可知一些科学家认为，这进一步证明非洲正在慢慢分裂。即非洲的地理结构将会变化，故选C。
2．不完整的陈述句式
A．常见形式有：
Something can be best classified as .
A certain kind of person is someone who .
People are looking for better ways to .
According to the author, “it”was caused by .
B．解题技巧：
在做不完整的陈述式题目时候，仍可参考上面列举的解题步骤。第一步，阅读题目，找出问题的发问中心。第二步，带着这些问题来阅读文章。第三步，根据前两步的分析和判断，选择出最符合题意的答案
3．排除式
A．常见形式有：
Which of the following are NOT mentioned in the passage?
Which of the following is TRUE?
Which of the following is NOT listed in ?
Which of the following is NOT included in the passage?
B．解题技巧：（广告类）
做这类题时，首先要仔细阅读题后的选项，牢记各个选项所阐述的不同内容，然后查读读原文。凡是原文中的信息与选择项内容相同的，我们可以在这些信息下面划线，以作为排除的内容。
(C)
Are you worried about money? If so, I have some good news for you. Someone once said, “If all your problems can be solved with money, then you don't have any.” I get the point. Unless you are on the edge of losing everything and living in your car (which is a very sad thing that happens to people every day), your perceptions of your problems may not be serving you well.
Let's take a look. Can you pay your living expenses and support your family? If so you are OK. Even if you are a family that just barely breaks even every month, you have to count that as a blessing, Most of us also have those terrible, surprising unexpected bills. But unless you you’re your job or your mind, don't you always find a way to take care of those expenses?
PERTINENT(切中要害的) QUESTIONS
To see if you worry too much about finances, ask yourself a couple of questions Do you wake up worried about money? Do you check your bank balance and look at upcoming bills more than once every few days or even multiple times a day? If so, then you may have a little financial insecurity going on. Let's look at getting it under control. If it's making you crazy, it can make your family a little crazy too. This type of anxiousness is passed on to others, which is important to remember whenever you have the urge to share your fears.
TOO MUCH INFORMATION
TMI (too much information) happens because it seems that by releasing Pent-up(压抑的)feelings of anxiety you will feel better and hopefully more supported and that this can happen but not with your loved ones because they will take all your fair and magnify it. Talk instead with your financial advisor, your bank manager or your therapist. Laying your financial fears at the feet of your family is not good for them or for you. Yes, be honest about any problems, but if you get emotional, so will those closest to you
POSITIVE ACTION
It's hard to be this passionate about money, but honestly, it's really the best way to get this issue solved. You have to look at it from a practical standpoint. Go over your debts, look closely at your assets and determine the best thing for you to do with your time right now.
Maybe you need to use this time to get your books and other only your computer or use it to job hunt or to promote your business. Then again you may need to hire an accountant and go on some interviews. The point is simple: the only way to relieve yourself of the uncomfortable feeling of financial pressure is to take some kind of positive action.
43. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Financial problems are not vital ones in everyone's daily life.
B. You'd better calm down when you have financial problems.
C. You needn't worry about unexpected bills even if you're out of work.
D. When you have financial fears, remember to share feelings with others.
44. The passage implies that ______.
A. the best way to deal with money problem K to take positive action
B. as long as we share feelings with others, money fear will disappear
C. we should have an optimistic attitude toward financial fears
D. any problem we meet can be solved with the help of money
45. The phrase lay your financial fears at the feet of your family in the sixth paragraph probably means ______.
A. to solve financial fears caused by your family
B. to help your family smartly avoid financial fears
C. to make your family responsible for financial fears
D. to encourage your family to face financial fears bravely
46. The best title of the passage is ______.
A. Perceptions of money and value
B. Passion, money and family
C. Keeping balance of psychology
D. Dealing with money worries
【答案】43. B 44. C 45. C 46. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。作者就当人们面对经济问题时应该采取的态度给出三点建议。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第三段最后一句“Yes, be honest about any problems, but if you get emotional, so will those closest to you”可知作者提到不管任何问题，如果你情绪化，那么你身边的人也会情绪化。即当你遇到经济问题时，你最好冷静下来。故选B。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段最后一句“The point is simple: the only way to relieve yourself of the uncomfortable feeling of financial pressure is to take some kind of positive action.”可知问题很简单:唯一能让你从经济压力中解脱出来的方法就是采取一些积极的行动。故文章暗示我们应该对经济问题保持积极的态度。故选C。
【45题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文“Talk instead with your financial advisor, your bank manager or your therapist.”（而是与你的财务顾问、银行经理或治疗师交谈。）与后文中“is not good for them or for you”（对你或对他们都不好）可知作者不建议让家人为经济担忧负责任，故选C。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容第第一二段提出人们会有面对经济困难的时刻，以后下文中分别用三段内容PERTINENT(切中要害的) QUESTIONS；TOO MUCH INFORMATION和POSITIVE ACTIOn来提出三点建议，故文章是教我们如何处理经济问题，故选D。
【点睛】主旨大意题
概括主旨大意的方法有：A：寻找主题句，有些段落大意在主题句上。主题句有的在句首，有的在段中，有的在段尾。B：寻找关键词，有些段落大意就散落在关键词上。阅读理解的问题也以如下形式出现：
What is the best title for/of the passage?
如第四小题询问文章的最佳标题，要根据文章的结构，和各段的主题句进行综合分析可知文章内容主要为当我们面对经济问题时提出的三点建议，故选D。
2. What can be inferred from the passage?
3. What does the author mainly tell us about in the text？
4. What is mainly discussed in the article/passage/text?
做答这类问题时，将阅读重点放在首尾部分，中间部分则可采用略读或扫读的方式，一则省时间，二则目标明确，正确率自然也相应提高了。
掌握了找主题句的方法，就可以依据主题句归纳主题。但归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误，需要同学们注意。
1．以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题。
2．过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证。
3．把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Guilt is one of the most painful emotions that human experience but also one of the most common. Nobody enjoys feeling guilty, but this emotion serves an important purpose: It alerts a person when he or she has done something wrong. This enables the person to make amends and work to heal relationships that were damaged by their actions ____47____
Nevertheless, guilt can be destructive if it is not dealt with in the right way, It can cause people to avoid others because they are too embarrassed to apologize for their actions or inactions. Some try to avoid at the pain of duty by turning to other worse habits. ____48____
The proper response to guilt depends on what kind of guilt you're dealing with. For false guilty, it's important to recognize that the guilt does not reflect an actual ethical failure.
For example, some false guilt focuses on failing to meet expectations you had for yourself. ___49___ No one is perfect, and no one can do everything, so admitting your limits is actually a sign of humility.
It is also important to acknowledge what you're feeling. Even when you don't need to feel guilty, these feelings are real and normal, Try to balance them with positive thoughts, but realize that it often takes time for feelings to change.
___50___ If so, don't try to conceal it. Apologize and ask for forgiveness. Learn from your mistakes, and try to avoid committing the same acts again. Getting on well with the person you hurt should make you guilty feeling fade.
Guilt is painful, but it can serve a good purpose if you use it well.
A. Other people experience false guilt because of high expectations for themselves.
B. It's possible that you feel guilty because you actually did something wrong.
C. Others try to cover up their guilt by blaming others or becoming angry.
D. It can also motivate people to avoid making similar mistakes later.
E. In this case, it's important to remind yourself that you have limits.
F. Moreover, guilt can result in physical and mental discomforts meanwhile
【答案】47. D 48. C
49. E 50. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。内疚是人类经历的最痛苦的情绪之一，也是最常见的情绪之一。但如果你好好利用它，它是有好处的。文章列举了内疚感可以带来的好处。
【47题详解】
根据上文“This enables the person to make amends and work to heal relationships that were damaged by their actions”可知内疚感使人能够作出弥补，并努力治愈他们的行为所破坏的关系，即本句为叙述内疚带来的优点，故对应选项D中的also，表示“它也可以激励人们避免以后犯类似的错误。”故选D。
【48题详解】
根据上文“Some try to avoid at the pain of duty by turning to other worse habits.”中some“一些人”可对应到C选项中others“其他人”，表示列举不同的情况，故选C。
【49题详解】
根据后文“No one is perfect”（没有人是完美的）即每个人都有自己的极限，可对应到E选项中“limits”，故选E。
【50题详解】
根据后文“Apologize and ask for forgiveness.”道歉并请求原谅，可知你的确做了错事所以才感觉内疚，故可对应到B选项“你可能因为做错了事而感到内疚。”，故选B。
IV. Summary Writing
51.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Have you ever been involved in animal rescue? This is what happened to the Winter the dolphin. Winter was found off the coast of Florida in December of 2005. She was just a few months old, alone, and caught in a crab trap. The ropes from the trap were wrapped tightly around her body.
The fisherman who found her called for help, and the rescue team soon arrived. The ropes had cut off the blood circulation to her tail. She was badly hurt. Her rescuers didn't think she would survive. Hoping for a miracle and racing against time to save her, the rescuers transferred her to the ClearwaterMarine Aquarium in Florida.
The doctors managed to save Winter, but sadly, not her tail. He tail flukes were too damaged and had to be removed so Winter could live.
The little dolphin Winter survived against all odds, but she would never be able to swim normally without a tail. Thankfully the story doesn't end here. Winter was able to swim, but not very well. Because she didn't have a tail. She moved her body in a side-to-side motion like a shark. But doctors at the aquarium were worried that unconventional moment would hurt her spine.
Kevin Carroll heard Winter's story and for thought, he would could help. He is a specialist who designs and provides prostheses for people. If he could help people, why not help a dolphin? He started working with Winter and came up with a solution for the new fluke and tail section
Kevin designed a stretchy sleeve to fit winter's body and protect her skin. Then a tail made of silicone and plastic was made to tightly fit over the sleeve. Now winter can swim like other dolphins. And she is a great inspiration to people who struggle with their own injuries.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It is about an inspiring rescuing a dolphin Winter found trapped in ropes by a fisherman. Badly injured, she had to be transferred to an aquarium where doctors saved her but her damaged tail was removed. Luckily, a specialist Kevin designed an artificial tail for her, helping her swim normally again.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇概要写作类作文。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇记叙文。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：inspiring （鼓舞人心的），transfer（转移），Badly injured（严重受伤），an artificial tail（人造尾巴）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Badly injured, she had to be transferred to an aquarium where doctors saved her but her damaged tail was removed. 运用了定语从句；非谓语动词的运用Luckily, a specialist Kevin designed an artificial tail for her, helping her swim normally again.。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 交友时不要以貌取人。(base)
________________
53. 经历了一场大病后,他明白了生命无价。(suffer)
________________
54. 2018上海进口博览会展示了创新理念,促进了自由贸易。(meanwhile)
________________
55. 不管到哪里旅游,都应该尊重当地的风俗习惯。这样才能成为一名文明的游客。(no matter)
________________
【答案】52. Don’t judge a person based on his appearance when making friends.
53. After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.
54. The 2018 Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.
55. No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will help you become a civilized traveller.
【解析】
考查重点单词句型翻译。
【52题详解】
短语be based on“以……为基础”，本句为否定祈使句，用when引导时间状语从句，译为Don’t judge a person based on his appearance when making friends.。
【53题详解】
Suffer“遭受；忍受；经历”，本句为after引导的状语从句，译为After he suffered a serious illness, he realized that life is priceless.。
【54题详解】
“上海进口博览会”为“Shanghai International Import Expo”；“创新理念”为“innovative ideas”，故译为The 2018 Shanghai International Import Expo shows innovative ideas, meanwhile it promotes free trade.。
【55题详解】
本句为no matter+where引导的状语从句，且主句后用非限定性定语从句修饰，故译为No matter where you travel, you should respect the local customs and habits, which will help you become a civilized traveller.。
VI. Guided Writing
56.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
尚华中学举办英语周活动,学校正在向全体学生征集活动方案,题目是"My Favourite Programme"。假设你是尚华中学的高三学生王云,请撰写一篇文章提出你的建议。
内容如下:
·推荐节目名称并简单介绍一下节目内容;
·具体介绍一下推荐节目的实施办法或注意事项
注意:请勿透漏本人真实姓名和学校。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My favourite TV programme is Sports World. It's on from 6 pm to 7 pm. The programme is about different sports, such as swimming, basketball, football and volleyball. It tells us what is happening in sports. There are also lots of interviews with some famous players.
I'm good at sports, and I want to be a famous basketball player when I grow up. So I like this programme very much. I think it's exciting. I first watched Sports World two years ago. I hope the programme will continue for a long time.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封信；尚华中学举办英语周活动,学校正在向全体学生征集活动方案,题目是"My Favourite Programme"。假设你是尚华中学的高三学生王云,请撰写一篇文章提出你的建议。
内容如下:推荐节目名称并简单介绍一下节目内容;具体介绍一下推荐节目的实施办法或注意事项；
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。