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2019届四川省高三上学期天府大联考热身卷测试（二）英语试题（解析版）
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高中2019届毕业班热身卷测试（二）
英语试题
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What was the weather like when the man got home？
A．Snowy. B．Cloudy. C．Rainy.
2．Where are the speakers?
A．On a ship. B．In an exhibition hall. C．In a classroom.
3．What will the man do?
A．Make a cup of tea. B．Have a cup of tea. C．Boil water.
4．What does the man suggest?
A．Finding out the reason B．Sticking to playing. C．Quitting chess.
5．How old is the man now?
A．About 20. B．Nearly 40. C．Over 60.
第二节(共l5小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟.听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。
6．What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Boss and employee.
7. What happened to Mary?
A. She didn’t do wel l in the exam.
B. She was made to take a walk.
C. She was scolded by her mother.
听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。
8. What's wrong with the man?
A.He can-t see clearly sometimes.
B.He has a headache.
C. He has broken his leg.
9. What will the doctor do next?
A. Call an expert immediately.
B.Operate on the eyes.
C.Give some tests.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10. Where is the woman's room?
A. On the 2nd floor. B. On the 3rd floor. C On the 4th floor.
11. Where can the woman get free Wi-Fi?
A. In her hotel room. B. In the parking lot.
C. In the restaurant.
12. What does the woman decide to do finally?
A. Cancel the reservation. B. Move to another hotel. C. Stay in the hotel
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. How many job offers has the woman got?
A. None. B. One. C. Three.
14. Where is the woman-s hometown?
A. New York. B. Boston. C . California.
15. Why hasn't the man got a job?
A. He is inexperienced in working.
B. He hasn’t sent any application.
C. He wants to continue his education.
16. Who are the speakers?
A. Fellow students.
B. People out of work.
C. High school teachers.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. On which Channel can you learn about the Election campaign?
A. Channel 6. B. Channel 8. C. Channel 11.
18. Which program provides local information?
A. The News. B. What's On. C. Night Time.
19. What do we know about the game shows?
A. You can watch them on Channel Il.
B. You can read more program guidelines.
C. You can get gifts by answering questions.
20. What is the passage about?
A. The best channel.
B. Entertaining programs.
C. Everyday TV shows.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.
The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.
Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.
Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.
While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.
Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.
Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
1. According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk_______.
A. started sleep more easily B. were more anxious
C. were less active D. woke up later
2. Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?
A. It’s been tested on mice for ten years.
B. It can make people more energetic.
C. It exists in milk in great amount.
D. It’s used in sleeping drugs.
3. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Night Milk and Sleep B. Fat, Sugar and Health
C. An Experiment on Mice D. Milk Drinking and Health
4. How does the author support the theme of the text?
A. By giving examples. B. By stating arguments.
C. By explaining statistical data. D. By providing research results.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D
【解析】
本文是一篇研究报告，指出在夜间取自奶牛的牛奶＂night milk＂含有大量的褪黑激素，能帮助人们入睡，减少焦虑。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的＂Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime＂可推知，饮用在白天取自奶牛的牛奶的老鼠更焦虑。所以B项正确。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的＂taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night＂可知，褪黑激素被用在安眠药中。所以D项正确。
【3题详解】
标题选择题。根据第一段中的＂But now a study has found it really does help people nod off — if it is milked from a cow at night＂、第二段以及第五段内容可知，全文围绕＂Night Milk and Sleep＂展开，告诉读者饮用在晚上取自奶牛的牛奶有助于睡眠。所以A项正确。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据＂But now a study＂＂Researchers have discovered that＂＂The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea＂可知作者是通过提供研究结果来支撑文章的主题的。故选D。
【名师点睛】本试题是关于健康话题的科普说明文，通过研究告诉我们夜间产的牛奶更有助于睡眠。难度适中，科学结论清晰，易于查找。
B
It’s no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the world-but you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.
Highly Sensitive
Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron.
For such people, individual or non- competitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal.
Type A Personality
Type A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. However, this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury.
To get better exercise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more flexible and listen to their body, especially when they are in pain.
Type B Personality
This laid-back group may get too lazy about their exercise plan, which prevents them from seeing results. They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals, especially if exercise is something that makes them anxious
Type B individuals succeed in creative and co-operative environments, so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.
Remember, there are plenty of ways you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs, regardless of your characteristics. Just keep in mind what you like.
5. Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?
A. They will feel like they are being evaluated.
B. They don't like socializing with other people.
C. They don't consider themselves to be athletic.
D. They fear they'll be let down by their teammates.
6. Type A personalities can be best described as_________.
A. committed. B. flexible.
C. independent. D. sensitive.
7. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To help people understand what personality type they are.
B. To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits.
C. To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise.
D. To describe different types of workouts that are available today.
【答案】5. A 6. A 7. B
【解析】
本文为说明文。人的性格特征直接影响一个人与世界的互动，而且影响很大。专家认为，个性甚至会影响人的健身，及影响适合你的运动。本文论述了不同的性格如何影响人的锻炼习惯
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第Highly Sensitive中的第一句Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron. 高度敏感的人可能对于团体运动班或团队运动有不舒服的感觉，在那里他们感觉他们的每一个动作被观察。他们可能对效率低的或者差的练习感到更沮丧。由此可知，高度敏感的人他们对于自己的每个动作被人观察，被评估而不安，分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据Type A Personality中的Type A individuals …This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. “A型性格的人以一直坚持自己的计划而闻名，更不用说他们具有超强的竞争力了”。由此可知，这种性格的人往往一直坚持自己的计划，即做某事很投入。分析选项A. committed坚定的，献身于某种事业的；B. flexible灵活的；C. independent 独立的；D. sensitive敏感的可知，项Acommitted与句相符，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。本文的第一段说明了人的性格特征直接影响如何与世界互动，而且影响很大。专家认为，你的个性甚至会影响你的锻炼，及影响适合你的运动。接着下文解释了不同的性格如何影响的。分析选项是知B项（解释个人特征如何影响锻炼习惯）符合题意，故选B。
C
The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we still view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing new. People have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.
In the 1930s, the British economist(经济学家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigates fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because of computers.
Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else.
Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than has been seen previously.
But there is a little evidence to support such beliefs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.
This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.
One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introduction of these technologies, good and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higher level skills and expertise.
So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction, to reduce people's fears.
8. What is the function of the second paragraph?
A. To explain the importance of developing new technology.
B. To show how technology affected employment in the past.
C. To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.
D. To give historical examples of unnecessary fear about new technology.
9. How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?
A. Confusing B. Reliable
C. Stable D. Variable
10. According to paragraph 7, why does demand for products often increase after new technology is introduced?
A. There are more goods for people to choose from.
B. There is more demand for new skills in the economy.
C. Productivity improvements help raise workers’ salaries.
D. Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.
11. What is the author’s opinion about the introduction of new technology?
A. It does not have an effect on most people’s jobs.
B. Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction.
C. It usually leads to a significant increase in employment.
D. Its danger to peoples employment possibilities is overstated.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为议论文。许多人一直认为新科技导致失业，并把科技看作是危险的。但过去和现在的事实证明，事实并非如此。随着这些技术的引入，生产力提高了工人的实际收入。更高的收入增加了对其他产品的需求，因此需要更多的工人来生产这些产品。所以科技对于就业的影响并没有那么大。对于科技威胁到就业被夸大了。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。第一段的内容The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary,… people have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history. “认为新技术导致失业的信念是永远不会消失。尽管事实正好相反…，人们把生活中发生的科技变化看作是历史上发生的最危险最戏剧化的东西。由此可知，长期以来，人们认为科技的发展是令人担忧和恐惧的。但事实正好相反。因此在下一段就是为了说明这种长期以来的想法是不对的，并用历史上的例子加以说明事实并非如此，即不必要害怕。分析选项可知D项（用历史上的例子，说明对新技术的不必要的恐惧）。符合题意。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段的内容“20世纪时对于新科技带来的就业变化的预言都没有发生，就业变化不大。因此可知，这些就业数据是稳定的。分析选项A. Confusing；B. Reliable可靠；C. Stable稳定；D. Variable变化。可 知C项符合题意，故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段的内容With the introduction of these technologies, good and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. “随着这些技术的引入，提高了生产率，从而提高工人的实际收入。更高的收入增加了对其他产品的需求，因此需要更多的工人来生产这些产品“。由此可推断出技术的引进，生产率的提高，有助于工人工资的提高。分析选项可知C项符合题意。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。第一段The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary,… people have always viewed the technological changes …the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.可知许多人一直认为新科技导致失业，并把科技看作是危险的。但事实并非如此。二、三四段用过去和现在的事实证明了他们夸大了这种危险。第六段中的New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.新科技总会导致失业，但这只是它的一小部分，我们需要看到的是科技是如何增加工作机会的。第七段中作者说科技的引进，导致生产率的提高，需要更好的产品，因此需要更好的工人。最后一段So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction, to reduce people's fears.可知，失业在今天不比以前的任何时候紧张，但仍有必要继续对失业预测进行反驳，以减少人们的恐惧。由此可知，作者认为科技的引进对就业的危险被夸大了。分析选项可知D符合题意。
【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。如第2小题问题是“How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?”根据第二段和第三段的内容“20世纪时对于新科技带来的就业变化的C预言都没有发生，因此可知，这些就业数据是稳定的。分析选项A. Confusing；B. Reliable可靠；C. Stable稳定；D. Variable变化。可 知C项符合题意，故选C项。
D
Supermarket shelves are filled with plant-based alternatives to cow milk, including soy, nut, and coconut milk. These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows’ milk for health reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environmental sustainability. While the dairy-free(非乳制的) options work well with cereal or in coffee, they fail miserably when it comes to making milk-based products like cheese or yogurt. However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out how to create animal-free milk in a laboratory!
Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming increasingly annoyed with the lack of cows’ milk-free alternatives, particularly for cheese. For Gandhi, who stopped consuming animal products five years earlier due to environmental and animal welfare concerns, the motivation to create a better alternative stemmed from his love of cheesy pizza. Pandya was spurred into taking action after being forced to eat some “really bad” dairy-free cream cheese on his sandwich
The two MIT biomedical engineering scientists decided to join forces to create a more realistic alternative to dairy-based products. In their university lab, the pair spent nine months first isolating cow DNA then inserting it into yeast(酵母). This genetic modification enabled the yeast to produce the necessary milk proteins. The final step of the process involved mixing the proteins with some plant nutrients and fats.
The dairy-free milk not only tastes like the real thing but is also healthier, has a longer shelf life and, most important of all, is Earth friendly. According to the company’s website, when compared to conventional milk production, their process uses 65% less energy, creates 84%o less greenhouse gas emissions and requires 91% less land and an amazing 98% less water! Best of all, since it contains real milk proteins, the product behaves like the cow-produced version, which means vegetarian consumers will no longer have to deal with soggy cheese on their sandwiches and pizzas.
The company plans to bring their creation to market later this year and their first product will most likely be cheese since there are already numerous good cows’ milk alternatives available to consumers.
12. The underlined word "those" in paragraph 1 refers to_______.
A. alternatives B. people
C. products D. reasons
13. The company s founders were motivated to make the new product because of_______.
A. their deep concern for the environment
B. their worry that farm animals were poorly treated
C. the over-consumption of the dairy-based products
D. the poor taste of dairy-free cheese presently available
14. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A. The dairy-free products cannot be stored for a long time.
B. The new products will taste better than dairy-based ones.
C. Cow farming causes considerable environmental damage.
D. The dairy-free milk will be more expensive than cow’s milk.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Healthier Cheese
B. New Milk Saves Planet
C. Fresher Milk, Better Future
D. Making Milk without Cows
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一家公司生产出了一种新的牛奶，这种牛奶不需要奶牛。这种新产品不仅味道像真正的牛奶，也更健康，而且对环境友好。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。划线词所在的句子These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows’ milk for health reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environmental sustainability.（这些产品很受因为健康原因不能喝牛奶的消费者的欢迎，也受那些关心动物和环境的可持续性发展的人的欢迎。）所以"those"指的是人，A. alternatives替代品；B. people人；C. products产品；D. reasons原因，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming increasingly annoyed with the lack of cows’ milk-free alternatives, particularly for cheese.可知现在的无乳干酪很难吃的味道激励了这家公司的创始人研发新的产品，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第四段According to the company’s website, when compared to conventional milk production, their process uses 65% less energy, creates 84% less greenhouse gas emissions and requires 91% less land and an amazing 98% less water!可知与传统的牛奶相比较而言，新的产品对环境的破坏较小，由此推知，奶牛养殖造成相当大的环境破坏，故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out how to create animal-free milk in a laboratory!是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了一家公司生产出了一种新的牛奶，这种牛奶不需要奶牛，故选D。
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical clinic. ___16___Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they won't be able to help you until they take the samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong.___17___ Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in this situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic(诊断的)tool.
Ozcan's invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many remote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don’t have enough training to correctly interpret what they see.___18___With Ozcan's mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a blood sample and send it to a central computer at a hospital. The computer will then automatically interpret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes.
___19___His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have cell phones, the cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low.
By inventing a medical tool that uses existing technology---mobile phones---Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere.___20___
A. Another reason that Ozcan's invention is important is that it is inexpensive.
B. Even though you may only have a simple infection (感染), you might die because of the delay.
C. People are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool.
D. Ozcan's simple, cost-effective tool might just save millions of lives around the world.
E. This tool has become much more popular all around the world.
F. You become very sick and must wait days until a mobile medical unit arrives to help.
G. As a result, they may diagnose illnesses incorrectly.
【答案】16. F 17. B
18. G 19. A
20. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。主要介绍了安迪·奥兹坎发明的一种将手机变成一种诊断工具的应用程序。这种发明很精确并易于使用。这种经济又实惠的医疗工具可以世界的任何地方使用，能拯救全世界数百万的生命。
【16题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“想象一下，你在一个偏僻的村庄，没有医疗诊所”及下句“一旦医生找到你，他们会给你检查并取血样，但是直到他们把血样带回医院，找出问题所在，他们才能帮助你”可推断出生病了要等几天医疗队才来看病。分析选项可知F项符合题意。故选F。
【17题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文的内容“如果你生病要等好几天医生才来看病，并送医院检查才能诊断。可推断出”即使只是简单的小感染，可能也会因为耽搁而死”，分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B。
【18题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“In many remote places…there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don’t have enough training to correctly interpret what they see.”可知，“在许多偏远的地方，即使医生有仪器帮忙，仍然会出现其他问题。例如，许多医生没有足够的培训来正确解释他们所看到的”，由此可判断出“这样可能会出现误诊”，分析选项可知G项（因此，他们可能错误地诊断疾病）符合题意，故选G。
【19题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。第二段说Ozcan的发明重要的一个原因，这儿应当是另一个原因。分析选项可知A项（Ozcan发明重要的另一个原因是它很便宜）应该是正确的。把A放入句中，符合题意。可知本小题是这一段的主题句。根据本段的内容可知“Ozcan的发明成本相当低”。A项与本段有词的复现，inexpensive即为fairly low。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere“OZCAN研制了既实用又经济的医疗工具。因此，它几乎可以在任何地方都有效”由此可推断出这种简单成本低的工具可以在全世界上救人，分析选项可知D项（OZCAN的简单、有效的工具可能会拯救全世界数百万的生命）符合题意，故选D。
【点睛】七选五题型看似简单，实际上有时完全作对并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐力。这种题一般可从以下方面来做：
（1）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。
（2）首先快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。如浏览本文后可知第4小题是主题句，分析选项可知，可能是A项，分析本段发现选项与本段有词的复现，inexpensive即为fairly low。故选A。
（3）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。如第1小题，根据上文“想象一下，你在一个偏僻的村庄，没有医疗诊所”及下句“一旦医生找到你，他们会给你检查并取血样，但是直到他们把血样带回医院，找出问题所在，他们才能帮助你”可推断出生病了要等几天医疗队才来看病。分析选项可知F项符合题意。故选F。
（4）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。
（5） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however 等。
做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分55分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
All of us in Monte Vista Christian School know we’ll one day have graduation photos for the yearbook taken. As the time ___21___, the girls start to have a ___22___ about what they’ll wear and where to take the photos, while the boys ___23___ hardly talk about it. As for me, I ___24___ for my photos to be taken by the sea.
When I arrived there, I met my photographer, Annie. She asked me to make some poses and I ___25___ her advice. After that, I asked if she could make me look ___26___ by taking photos in a different way, ___27___ I’m less than 1.6 meters tall. To my ___28___ she responded, “I will make no ___29___ to make you look like someone you’re not. You look good in your own way.” She ___30___ that she wouldn’t try to edit the photos either.
I was shocked by what she said. Girls always ___31___ to look perfect by using different visual angles. When you go to a photo studio, photographers always try to hide your ___32___ by telling you to stand in a certain way. And picture editors can easily ___33___ your look by making you appear any you want to. ___34___, that’s not the case here. Seeing I was ___35___. Annie explained: “Everyone has his uniqueness. You need to ___36___ your own beauty. You cannot live in a world of ___37___ photos.”
It was the first time that I had met a photographer who doesn’t ___38___ photos at all. After the shoot, I saw the photos — they are ___39___ special and natural. But what’s even more special are Annie’s ___40___, which will always stay in my heart.
21. A. flows B. approaches C. shrinks D. develops
22. A. discussion B. request C. reason D. complaint
23. A. by accident B. in addition C. by comparison D. in advance
24. A. accounted B. applied C. searched D. arranged
25. A. considered B. declined C. followed D. consulted
26. A. taller B. prettier C. thinner D. stronger
27. A. unless B. though C. since D. while
28. A. delight B. astonishment C. relief D. satisfaction
29. A. decision B. choice C. promise D. attempt
30. A. added B. swore C. explained D. admitted
31. A. pretend B. manage C. desire D. pay
32. A. preferences B. advantages C. personalities D. imperfections
33. A. expose B. recover C. change D. recognize
34. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Anyway
35. A. annoyed B. confused C. discouraged D. embarrassed
36. A. foster B. admire C. describe D. advocate
37. A. vivid B. colorful C. artificial D. popular
38. A. polish B. organize C. cut D. exhibit
39. A. causally B. roughly C. partially D. truly
40. A. attitudes B. words C. actions D. skills
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。我们所有人都在Monte Vista Christian学校知道我们有一天会拍毕业照。作者在拍毕业照时所得到的感悟是“每个人都有他的独特之处。你需要欣赏自己的美丽。你不能生活在一个人造照片的世界里。”
【21题详解】
考查动词。A. flows流动；B. approaches靠近；C. shrinks收缩；D. develops发展。随着时间的推移，女孩们开始讨论她们将穿什么，在哪里拍照，而相比之下男孩们几乎不谈论这个。故B项切题。
【22题详解】
考查名词。A. discussion讨论；B. request请求；C. reason理由；D. complaint抱怨。随着时间的推移，女孩们开始讨论她们将穿什么，在哪里拍照，而相比之下男孩们几乎不谈论这个。故A项切题。
【23题详解】
考查固定短语。A. by accident 意外地；B. in addition另外，此外；C. by comparison比较起来；D. in advance提前。随着时间的推移，女孩们开始讨论她们将穿什么，在哪里拍照，而相比之下男孩们几乎不谈论这个。故C项切题。
【24题详解】
考查动词。A. accounted解释，导致；B. applied应用；C. searched 搜寻；D. arranged安排。至于我，我把我的照片安排在海边拍。故D项切题。
【25题详解】
考查动词。A. considered考虑；B. declined下降，拒绝；C. followed跟随； D. consulted咨询。她让我做一些姿势，我听从了她的建议。follow one’s advice按着某人的建议，故C项切题。
【26题详解】
考查形容词。A. taller更高；B. prettier更美丽；C. thinner更瘦；D. stronger更强壮。在那之后，我问她是否可以用不同的方式让我看起来更高，因为我的身高还不到1。6米。根据下文less than 1.6 meters tall可知，A项切题。
【27题详解】
考查连词。A. unless除非；B. though尽管；C. since既然；D. while当---时候。在那之后，我问她是否可以用不同的方式让我看起来更高，因为我的身高还不到1。6米。此处是since引导的原因状语从句，故C项切题。
【28题详解】
考查名词。A. delight高兴；B. astonishment惊讶；C. relief救济，安慰； D. satisfaction满足。令我惊讶的是，她回答说：“我不会让你看起来像一个你不像的人。你以自己的方式看起来很好。To one’s astonishment使某人惊讶的是---，故答案为astonishment。
【29题详解】
考查名词。A. decision决定；B. choice选择；C. promise许诺；D. attempt企图。令我惊讶的是，她回答说：“我不会让你看起来像一个你不像的人。你以自己的方式看起来很好。故D项切题。
【30题详解】
考查动词。 A. added增加；B. swore宣誓；C. explained解释；D. admitted承认。她补充说，她也不会尝试编辑这些照片。故A项切题。
【31题详解】
考查动词。A. pretend假装；B. manage 管理；C. desire渴望；D. pay付款。女孩们总是希望通过使用不同的视角来表现完美。故C项切题。
【32题详解】
考查名词。A. preferences偏爱；B. shortcomings 缺点；C. personalities人格；D. imperfections不完美。当你去照相馆的时候，摄影师总是试图隐藏你的不完美，告诉你以某种方式站着。故D项切题。
【33题详解】
考查动词。A. expose揭露；B. recover恢复；C. change改变；D. recognize认出。图片编辑可以通过让你看起来任何你想要的样子来改变你的外观。故C项切题。
【34题详解】
考查副词。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. Anyway无论如何。然而，事实并非如此。故A项切题。
【35题详解】
考查动词。A. annoyed使烦恼；B. confused使困惑；C. discouraged使丧失信心；D. embarrassed尴尬。看到我很困惑，安妮解释说：“每个人都有他的独特之处。你需要欣赏自己的美丽。你不能生活在一个人造照片的世界里。”故B项切题。
【36题详解】
考查动词。A. foster培养；B. admire钦佩；C. describe描述；D. advocate提倡。看到我很困惑，安妮解释说：“每个人都有他的独特之处。你需要欣赏自己的美丽。你不能生活在一个人造照片的世界里。”故B项切题。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。A. vivid生动的；B. colorful富有色彩的；C. artificial人造的； D. popular受欢迎的。看到我很困惑，安妮解释说：“每个人都有他的独特之处。你需要欣赏自己的美丽。你不能生活在一个人造照片的世界里。”故C项切题。
【38题详解】
考查动词。A. polish磨光，修改；B. organize组织；C. cut切割；D. exhibit展览。这是我第一次见到一位不喜欢修改照片的摄影师。故A项切题。
【39题详解】
考查副词。 A. causally随便地；B. roughly粗略地；C. partially部分地； D. truly真实地。拍摄结束后，我看到了这些照片——它们真地很特别，很自然。故D项切题。
【40题详解】
考查名词。A. attitudes态度；B. words单词；C. actions行动； D. skills技能。但更特别的是安妮的话语，它将永远留在我的心里。故B项切题。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s industrial output is expected to rise by around 6.5 percent this year, marking the best ___41___ (perform) since 2010, ___42___ the Made in China 2025 strategy (策略) helps to raise productivity and revenue (税收).
The increase is 0.5 percentage points ___43___ (high) than the targeted growth, partly ___44___ (drive) by strong efforts to increase the use of new technology at traditional enterprises (企业), Miao Wei said on Monday.
“The country’s industrial economy has maintained steady and sound growth thanks ___45___ the Made in China 2025 strategy. It promoted the combination of manufacturing and new technologies such as ___46___ Internet, big data and cloud computing,” Mina added.
The ministry also predicted that the country’s industrial output would be likely ___47___ (grow) by around 6 percent next year, with revenue from the telecommunications, Internet, and software and information technology service ___48___ (increase) by 50 percent, 30 percent and 13 percent, respectively.
According to Miao, the country will also publish policies ___49___ promoting the development of digital economy. The data show that the country’s digital economy added up to 22.58 trillion yuan last year, ranking second ___50___ (global) and accounting for around 30 percent of national GDP.
【答案】41. performance
42. as/because
43. higher 44. driven
45. to 46. the
47. to grow
48. increasing
49. on 50. globally
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。本文主要介绍了因为“中国制造2025”战略，预计今年中国工业产出将增长6.5%左右，这是自2010以来的最佳表现。
【41题详解】
考查名词。此处应该用名词performance（表现）作动词make的宾语，构成现在分词短语，故填performance。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：因为“中国制造2025”战略有助于提高生产率和收入，预计今年中国工业产出将增长6.5%左右，这是自2010以来的最佳表现。前后是因果关系，故填as/because。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个增幅比目标增长率高0.5个百分点。句中有than，表比较，所以要用比较级higher，故填higher。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这个增幅比目标增长率高0.5个百分点，部分是受传统企业大力增加使用新技术的努力的驱使。此处是用过去分词driven作状语，与主语The increase是被动关系，故填driven。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：多亏了中国制造2025战略，全国工业经济保持稳健增长。thanks to为固定短语，意为“幸亏了…，由于…”，故填to。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。此处特指“互联网”，所以加定冠词the，故填the。
【47题详解】
考查不定式。句意：该部还预测，明年中国的工业产值可能会增长6%左右。be likely to do sth,为固定搭配，意为“可能做某事”。所以要接不定式to grow。
【48题详解】
考查现在分词。这是with的复合结构：with+宾语+现在分词作状语，此动词increase与宾语revenue（税收）是主动关系，意思是“随着税收的不断增长”，故填increasing.。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：国家还将公布关于促进数字经济发展的政策。此处用介词on意思是“关于”，故填on。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：数据显示，去年全国经济总量达22.58万亿元，居全球第二位，约占国内生产总值的30%。此处用副词globally（在全球地）作状语，修饰现在分词ranking，故填globally。
【点睛】语法填空要求结合文章内容填出单词，所填单词往往与文章的内容息息相关，因而解题前必须通读全文，对全文内容有一个整体的了解，从中获取文章的基本信息。通读后再复读，边读边填词。
1.填词时应注意所填词的词性，如果是动词，需根据其在句中的意思确定其正确的时态、语态及非谓语动词形式。比如文章第4小题中此处是用过去分词driven作状语，与主语The increase是被动关系，故填driven。第7小题考查不定式。此处固定搭配，意为“可能做某事”。所以要接不定式to grow 。
2.如果是形容词、副词，应注意其等级的变化及两者之间的转化，第3小题考查形容词比较级。句中有than，表比较，所以要用比较级higher，故填higher。第10小题考查副词。此处指用副词globally（在全球地）作状语，修饰现在分词ranking，故填globally。
3.如果考查某些固定用法。要牢记固定语法规则，认真分析。如第5小题考查固定短语：thanks to（幸亏了…，由于…，）。
4.对于有一定难度的空处，先将其放置一边做后面的，最后再从全篇内容上考虑、分析，仔细体会出题者的意图。填完所有单词后，必须将所有填的词带入文中再读一遍，仔细检查自己所填的词是否与文章的情境、内容一致，读起来是否流畅，单词拼写是否正确，单词形式是否恰当等，发现问题应及时纠正。
第三节 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请根据语境用括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语意思填空，每空一词。
51. _____(以……为根据) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
52. He only wants freedom, justice, and _________ (平等).
53. The election results have still not been _________ (官方地) announced.
54. He will fight even more desperately if _________ (trap).
55. Trains are _________ (rely), cheap and best for long-distance journeys.
【答案】51. Basing
52. equality
53. officially
54. trapped
55. reliable
【解析】
本大题为用所给词的正确形式或根据汉语意思填空。做这种练习时，首先分析每个句子，根据具体的语境来判断所填词的在句子中所作的成分， 以此确定其时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法，从而正确地完成本题。
【51题详解】
考查现在分词做状语。句意：把重要的决定更多的建立在情感而不是原因上，你迟早会后悔的。Base…on..，把…建立在…的基础上，you和base是主谓关系，所以要用现在分词做状语，故填Basing
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：他只要自由、公正和平等。分析句子可知，本空所填的词与名词freedom, justice是并列关系，所以本空填“平等”的名词equality。
【53题详解】
考查副词作状语。句意：选举结果尚未正式公布。分析句子可知，本空所填的词作状语，修饰动词announced，修饰动词要用副词，故“官方地”可译为officially。
【54题详解】
考查非谓语。分析句子可知，本句是省略句，If从句中的主语he与主句的主语一致，可以把从句的主语省略，而he与动词trap是被动关系，意为“如果他被围困住…”，trap要用过去分词，因此本空填trapped。
【55题详解】
考查形容词作表语。分析句子可知，动词rely在句中作表语，作表语要用形容词，故用其形容词reliable。
根据所学语法知识和所学短语填空，每空一词。
56. _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ (事实上), everything has developed as we wanted.
57. The limited time should _________ _________ _________ _________ (利用) to prepare for the upcoming examinations.
58. Believe it or not, there is _________ _________ _________ _________ (所谓的) standard English.
59. He is now reading a book about a scientist, _________ he dreams to be.
60. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _________ New York is an example.
【答案】56. (1). As (2). a (3). matter (4). of (5). fact
57. (1). be (2). made (3). use (4). of
58. (1). no (2). such (3). thing (4). as
59. which 60. (1). of/among (2). which
【解析】
本大题为语法填空。做这种练习时，首先分析每个句子，根据具体的语境来判断缺少部分的英语短语，再根据在句子所做的成份确定其时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语，是单句还是复句，更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法，从而正确地完成本题。
【56题详解】
考查固定搭配。as a mater of fact 为固定搭配，意为“事实上”由此可知本题的答案为(1). As (2). a (3). matter (4). of (5). fact 。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配及被动语态。句意：make use of….为固定搭配，意为“利用”。本句中的主语是the limited time，与谓语动词make use of …是被动关系，时间是被利用，因此要用被动语态。should为情态动词，后面要用动词原形，故填(1). be (2). made (3). use (4). of
【58题详解】
考查固定句式。There is no such thing as…为固定搭配，意为“世上没有所谓的这种事”，所以本题填(1). no (2). such (3). thing (4). as
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他现在正在读一本关于科学家的书，他梦想成为书中的那个样子。分析句子可知，本句中的定语从句修饰前面的一整个句子He is now reading a book about a scientist，指代整个句子的只能是which，在定语从句中作be的表语，故填which。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句中的关系词+which。句意：对于世界上许多城市来说，没有进一步扩展的空间，纽约就是其中的一个例子。there is no room to spread out further, 是插入语。本句中的先行词是many cities，在定语从句中作of/among的宾语，即New York is an example of/among the cities, the cities是先行词，指物。所以是of/among which。故本题填 (1). of/among (2). which
第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)
61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The summer job is a tradition among American university students. Long after the end of the school year, students start their summer vacation job search. They send letters to businesses, going to job interviews, and ask our friends and relatives for help. By June the students usually have been found their jobs and then they begin preparing to enter the world of works.
Reasons for wanting a summer job differs from student to student. Some work help pay their school expenses, others work to gain experience in their chosen professions: still others work just for the funny of it. Salesmen or waiters are two of the much common jobs that students try to find during the summer months.
【答案】1.after→before
2. going→go
3. our→their
4.将been删除
5. works→work
6. differs→differ
7.在 help 之前添加 to
8.funny→fun
9. or→and
10. much→most
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。做暑期工是美国大学生的传统。学年结束前很长一段时间，学生开始找工作。暑期工作的原因因人而异，目的各不相同。但做销售员或服务员是学生在暑假期间所要找的两种最常见的工作。
【详解】1.考查语境。根据常识可知，暑期工应当是学生在学期结束前一段时间开始暑假找工作，而不是开学后。因此after→before。
2.考查谓语动词。句意：他们写信给企业，去面试，并向朋友和亲戚寻求帮助。分析句子 They send letters to businesses, going to job interviews, and ask our friends and relatives for help可知，句中的send, go 和ask这三个动词是并列的谓语动词，所以going要改为go。going→go。
3. 考查人称的一致性。分析句子They send letters to businesses, going to job interviews, and ask our friends and relatives for help可知，本句的主语是they，因此他们向他们的（而不是我们的）朋友和亲戚求助，因此把our→their。
4.考查语态。分析句子By June the students usually have been found their jobs可知，句意为“学生到6月时已找到工作”，学生与找到（find）工作是主谓关系，而非动宾关系，因此要用主动语态，而非被动语态，因此要将been删除。
5. 考查不可数名词。名词work意为“工作”是个不可数名词，没有复数，因此把works→work。
6. 考查主谓一致。分析句子Reasons for wanting a summer job differs from student to student.可知本句的主语是Reasons，是复数名词，谓语动词要用复数形式，因此differs→differ。
7.考查一致性。句意：暑期工作的原因因人而异。一些工作是为了帮助支付他们的学费，有的工作是为了获得他们所选择职业方面的经验。根据后一句“others work to gain experience in their chosen professions”及语法可知help…表目的，所以少了to，因此要在 help 之前添加 to。
8.考查名词作宾语。介词 for后要用名词，而funny是形容词，“趣的，好笑的，滑稽的”，要用其名词形式fun，意为“乐趣”，因此把funny→fun。
9. 考查连词。句意：做销售员和服务员是学生在暑假期间所要找的两种最常见的工作。根据句意可知，做销售员和服务员是并列的，而非或者，因此把or→and。
10.考查最高级。根据句意可知，做销售员和服务员是学生在暑假期间所要找的两种最常见的工作。The most common为最高级，much一般用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级，所以把much→most。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
62.假定你是李华,收到英国朋友Alice的邮件,以下是邮件内容:
Dear Li Hua,
How are you doing these days? I’m having some problems and would like to get your advice.
My parents want me to spend my summer with them this year but I would prefer to go somewhere with my friends. I love my parents but sometimes they are overprotective. I feel that I am old enough and responsible enough to go away without their supervision(监护).
Any suggestions you could give me about this issue would be greatly appreciated.
Yours,
Alice
请给Alice回一封邮件,内容包括:
1.感谢她的信任；
2.回应她的请求；
3.说明你的理由。
注意1.词数100左右
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________。
【答案】Yours,
Li Hua
范文1：
Dear Alice,
I’m flattered to know you have such confidence in my opinions that you would write to me for advice, but more importantly I’m sorry to read that you’re having this problem with your parents.
I think that you should explain to your parents that you are mature enough to travel without their supervision. It’s natural for parents to worry, so why don’t you show them where you plan to go, who you’re going with and where you will stay. It might also help if you introduce your friends to reassure them. Finally provide them with the contact details so they can get in touch with you.
Parents often resist their children growing up. It’s up to you to gently show them it is time to loosen the strings.
I hope this advice will be useful to you and good luck with your decision.
Yours,
Li Hua
范文2：
Dear Alice,
I can feel from your email that this issue with your parents is greatly affecting you and really appreciate that you trust me enough to want my advice.
Coincidentally, I met a similar situation last summer. Initially, like you, I really didn’t want to go travelling with my parents. But then I thought of things from their point of view. I go to university next year, so, for them, this may have been the last time we’d all travel together as a family. I understood that rather than trying to control me, they just wanted to spend more time with me, so I chose to go and we had a fantastic time together!
I think you shouldn’t be in such a hurry to grow up. Treasure the time you have with your parents now as neither you nor they will be around forever.
I hope my own experience helps you and that you find a solution.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用说明文。根据Alice的邮件内容，给Alice回一封邮件,内容包括:1.感谢她的信任；2.回应她的请求；3.说明你的理由。
【详解】本文是一篇建议信。根据Alice的问题“即在今年父母希望和她一起度过夏天，但她更喜欢和朋友一起去玩”,不知如何做。要你给Alice回一封邮件,内容包括:1.感谢她的信任；2.回应她的请求；3.说明你的理由。
分析要求可知，本文是一封信。所以要遵循信的格式。首先要读信的内容弄清Alice的问题，然后再针对问题写信。信的内容主要包括三部分。第一部分叙述写信的原因并要感谢她的信任，可用一些表达感谢的词语如thank sb.for.. ,appreciate for ,be honorable to do…等。第二部分主要回应她的请求，即给出她一些建议及说明理由。如向父母坦承自己要与朋友在一起并对此作出解释，以取得父母的同意和谅解。或是建议她与父母一起度假期以及为何这么做的原因。最后一部分表达愿望。其中第二部分是重点，给出建议时用词在委婉，易接受。
英语试题
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What was the weather like when the man got home？
A．Snowy. B．Cloudy. C．Rainy.
2．Where are the speakers?
A．On a ship. B．In an exhibition hall. C．In a classroom.
3．What will the man do?
A．Make a cup of tea. B．Have a cup of tea. C．Boil water.
4．What does the man suggest?
A．Finding out the reason B．Sticking to playing. C．Quitting chess.
5．How old is the man now?
A．About 20. B．Nearly 40. C．Over 60.
第二节(共l5小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟.听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。
6．What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Boss and employee.
7. What happened to Mary?
A. She didn’t do wel l in the exam.
B. She was made to take a walk.
C. She was scolded by her mother.
听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。
8. What's wrong with the man?
A.He can-t see clearly sometimes.
B.He has a headache.
C. He has broken his leg.
9. What will the doctor do next?
A. Call an expert immediately.
B.Operate on the eyes.
C.Give some tests.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10. Where is the woman's room?
A. On the 2nd floor. B. On the 3rd floor. C On the 4th floor.
11. Where can the woman get free Wi-Fi?
A. In her hotel room. B. In the parking lot.
C. In the restaurant.
12. What does the woman decide to do finally?
A. Cancel the reservation. B. Move to another hotel. C. Stay in the hotel
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13. How many job offers has the woman got?
A. None. B. One. C. Three.
14. Where is the woman-s hometown?
A. New York. B. Boston. C . California.
15. Why hasn't the man got a job?
A. He is inexperienced in working.
B. He hasn’t sent any application.
C. He wants to continue his education.
16. Who are the speakers?
A. Fellow students.
B. People out of work.
C. High school teachers.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17. On which Channel can you learn about the Election campaign?
A. Channel 6. B. Channel 8. C. Channel 11.
18. Which program provides local information?
A. The News. B. What's On. C. Night Time.
19. What do we know about the game shows?
A. You can watch them on Channel Il.
B. You can read more program guidelines.
C. You can get gifts by answering questions.
20. What is the passage about?
A. The best channel.
B. Entertaining programs.
C. Everyday TV shows.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.
The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.
Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.
Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.
While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.
Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.
Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
1. According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk_______.
A. started sleep more easily B. were more anxious
C. were less active D. woke up later
2. Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?
A. It’s been tested on mice for ten years.
B. It can make people more energetic.
C. It exists in milk in great amount.
D. It’s used in sleeping drugs.
3. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Night Milk and Sleep B. Fat, Sugar and Health
C. An Experiment on Mice D. Milk Drinking and Health
4. How does the author support the theme of the text?
A. By giving examples. B. By stating arguments.
C. By explaining statistical data. D. By providing research results.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D
【解析】
本文是一篇研究报告，指出在夜间取自奶牛的牛奶＂night milk＂含有大量的褪黑激素，能帮助人们入睡，减少焦虑。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的＂Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime＂可推知，饮用在白天取自奶牛的牛奶的老鼠更焦虑。所以B项正确。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的＂taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night＂可知，褪黑激素被用在安眠药中。所以D项正确。
【3题详解】
标题选择题。根据第一段中的＂But now a study has found it really does help people nod off — if it is milked from a cow at night＂、第二段以及第五段内容可知，全文围绕＂Night Milk and Sleep＂展开，告诉读者饮用在晚上取自奶牛的牛奶有助于睡眠。所以A项正确。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据＂But now a study＂＂Researchers have discovered that＂＂The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea＂可知作者是通过提供研究结果来支撑文章的主题的。故选D。
【名师点睛】本试题是关于健康话题的科普说明文，通过研究告诉我们夜间产的牛奶更有助于睡眠。难度适中，科学结论清晰，易于查找。
B
It’s no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the world-but you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.
Highly Sensitive
Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron.
For such people, individual or non- competitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal.
Type A Personality
Type A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. However, this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury.
To get better exercise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more flexible and listen to their body, especially when they are in pain.
Type B Personality
This laid-back group may get too lazy about their exercise plan, which prevents them from seeing results. They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals, especially if exercise is something that makes them anxious
Type B individuals succeed in creative and co-operative environments, so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.
Remember, there are plenty of ways you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs, regardless of your characteristics. Just keep in mind what you like.
5. Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?
A. They will feel like they are being evaluated.
B. They don't like socializing with other people.
C. They don't consider themselves to be athletic.
D. They fear they'll be let down by their teammates.
6. Type A personalities can be best described as_________.
A. committed. B. flexible.
C. independent. D. sensitive.
7. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To help people understand what personality type they are.
B. To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits.
C. To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise.
D. To describe different types of workouts that are available today.
【答案】5. A 6. A 7. B
【解析】
本文为说明文。人的性格特征直接影响一个人与世界的互动，而且影响很大。专家认为，个性甚至会影响人的健身，及影响适合你的运动。本文论述了不同的性格如何影响人的锻炼习惯
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第Highly Sensitive中的第一句Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset over an ineffective or poor workout, says researcher Elaine Aron. 高度敏感的人可能对于团体运动班或团队运动有不舒服的感觉，在那里他们感觉他们的每一个动作被观察。他们可能对效率低的或者差的练习感到更沮丧。由此可知，高度敏感的人他们对于自己的每个动作被人观察，被评估而不安，分析选项可知A符合题意，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据Type A Personality中的Type A individuals …This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. “A型性格的人以一直坚持自己的计划而闻名，更不用说他们具有超强的竞争力了”。由此可知，这种性格的人往往一直坚持自己的计划，即做某事很投入。分析选项A. committed坚定的，献身于某种事业的；B. flexible灵活的；C. independent 独立的；D. sensitive敏感的可知，项Acommitted与句相符，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。本文的第一段说明了人的性格特征直接影响如何与世界互动，而且影响很大。专家认为，你的个性甚至会影响你的锻炼，及影响适合你的运动。接着下文解释了不同的性格如何影响的。分析选项是知B项（解释个人特征如何影响锻炼习惯）符合题意，故选B。
C
The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary, we still view technological change today as being more rapid and dramatic in its consequences for work than ever before. But this is nothing new. People have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.
In the 1930s, the British economist(经济学家) John Maynard Keynes predicted the widespread use of electricity would produce a world where people spend most of their time doing nothing. In the United States during the 1960s, the government repeatedly investigates fears that automatic machines would permanently reduce the amount of work available. In 1988, one Australian historian claimed that at least a quarter of the workforce would be without jobs within 10 years because of computers.
Of course, none of these disasters came to pass in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia, or anywhere else.
Yet today, we are seeing the return of these predictions, with some experts claiming the world of work is once more undergoing radical and unprecedented change. They argue that robots and other workplace technologies are causing a reduction in the total amount of work available, or are bringing a more rapid pace of substitution of machines for humans than has been seen previously.
But there is a little evidence to support such beliefs. Statistics show that the percentage of people in work, the number of hours they work, and how frequently they change jobs have remained remarkably constant over the past 20 years.
This stability should not come as a surprise. There are good reasons why we should not expect new technologies to cause the death of work. New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.
One way this happens is through the increases in incomes that accompany the use of new technologies. With the introduction of these technologies, good and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. Additionally, while new technologies are likely to substitute for some types of workers, they will also increase demand for other types of workers, especially those with higher level skills and expertise.
So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction, to reduce people's fears.
8. What is the function of the second paragraph?
A. To explain the importance of developing new technology.
B. To show how technology affected employment in the past.
C. To argue that technological dangers are becoming more serious.
D. To give historical examples of unnecessary fear about new technology.
9. How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?
A. Confusing B. Reliable
C. Stable D. Variable
10. According to paragraph 7, why does demand for products often increase after new technology is introduced?
A. There are more goods for people to choose from.
B. There is more demand for new skills in the economy.
C. Productivity improvements help raise workers’ salaries.
D. Higher quality goods at lower prices encourage consumption.
11. What is the author’s opinion about the introduction of new technology?
A. It does not have an effect on most people’s jobs.
B. Its benefits are usually not worth the introduction.
C. It usually leads to a significant increase in employment.
D. Its danger to peoples employment possibilities is overstated.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为议论文。许多人一直认为新科技导致失业，并把科技看作是危险的。但过去和现在的事实证明，事实并非如此。随着这些技术的引入，生产力提高了工人的实际收入。更高的收入增加了对其他产品的需求，因此需要更多的工人来生产这些产品。所以科技对于就业的影响并没有那么大。对于科技威胁到就业被夸大了。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。第一段的内容The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary,… people have always viewed the technological changes that take place during their lives as the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history. “认为新技术导致失业的信念是永远不会消失。尽管事实正好相反…，人们把生活中发生的科技变化看作是历史上发生的最危险最戏剧化的东西。由此可知，长期以来，人们认为科技的发展是令人担忧和恐惧的。但事实正好相反。因此在下一段就是为了说明这种长期以来的想法是不对的，并用历史上的例子加以说明事实并非如此，即不必要害怕。分析选项可知D项（用历史上的例子，说明对新技术的不必要的恐惧）。符合题意。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段的内容“20世纪时对于新科技带来的就业变化的预言都没有发生，就业变化不大。因此可知，这些就业数据是稳定的。分析选项A. Confusing；B. Reliable可靠；C. Stable稳定；D. Variable变化。可 知C项符合题意，故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段的内容With the introduction of these technologies, good and services can be produced faster, which results in higher real incomes for workers. Higher incomes then increase demand for other products and consequently more workers are needed to make them. “随着这些技术的引入，提高了生产率，从而提高工人的实际收入。更高的收入增加了对其他产品的需求，因此需要更多的工人来生产这些产品“。由此可推断出技术的引进，生产率的提高，有助于工人工资的提高。分析选项可知C项符合题意。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。第一段The belief that new technologies are causing the death of work is the idea that never goes away. Despite evidence to the contrary,… people have always viewed the technological changes …the most dramatic and dangerous that ever happened in history.可知许多人一直认为新科技导致失业，并把科技看作是危险的。但事实并非如此。二、三四段用过去和现在的事实证明了他们夸大了这种危险。第六段中的New technologies always cause job losses, but that is only part of the story. What also needs to be understood is how they increase the amount of work available.新科技总会导致失业，但这只是它的一小部分，我们需要看到的是科技是如何增加工作机会的。第七段中作者说科技的引进，导致生产率的提高，需要更好的产品，因此需要更好的工人。最后一段So, the end of work is no closer today than at any time in the past. But there is still a need to keep disproving the prediction, to reduce people's fears.可知，失业在今天不比以前的任何时候紧张，但仍有必要继续对失业预测进行反驳，以减少人们的恐惧。由此可知，作者认为科技的引进对就业的危险被夸大了。分析选项可知D符合题意。
【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。如第2小题问题是“How can employment statistics over the past 20 years best be described?”根据第二段和第三段的内容“20世纪时对于新科技带来的就业变化的C预言都没有发生，因此可知，这些就业数据是稳定的。分析选项A. Confusing；B. Reliable可靠；C. Stable稳定；D. Variable变化。可 知C项符合题意，故选C项。
D
Supermarket shelves are filled with plant-based alternatives to cow milk, including soy, nut, and coconut milk. These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows’ milk for health reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environmental sustainability. While the dairy-free(非乳制的) options work well with cereal or in coffee, they fail miserably when it comes to making milk-based products like cheese or yogurt. However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out how to create animal-free milk in a laboratory!
Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming increasingly annoyed with the lack of cows’ milk-free alternatives, particularly for cheese. For Gandhi, who stopped consuming animal products five years earlier due to environmental and animal welfare concerns, the motivation to create a better alternative stemmed from his love of cheesy pizza. Pandya was spurred into taking action after being forced to eat some “really bad” dairy-free cream cheese on his sandwich
The two MIT biomedical engineering scientists decided to join forces to create a more realistic alternative to dairy-based products. In their university lab, the pair spent nine months first isolating cow DNA then inserting it into yeast(酵母). This genetic modification enabled the yeast to produce the necessary milk proteins. The final step of the process involved mixing the proteins with some plant nutrients and fats.
The dairy-free milk not only tastes like the real thing but is also healthier, has a longer shelf life and, most important of all, is Earth friendly. According to the company’s website, when compared to conventional milk production, their process uses 65% less energy, creates 84%o less greenhouse gas emissions and requires 91% less land and an amazing 98% less water! Best of all, since it contains real milk proteins, the product behaves like the cow-produced version, which means vegetarian consumers will no longer have to deal with soggy cheese on their sandwiches and pizzas.
The company plans to bring their creation to market later this year and their first product will most likely be cheese since there are already numerous good cows’ milk alternatives available to consumers.
12. The underlined word "those" in paragraph 1 refers to_______.
A. alternatives B. people
C. products D. reasons
13. The company s founders were motivated to make the new product because of_______.
A. their deep concern for the environment
B. their worry that farm animals were poorly treated
C. the over-consumption of the dairy-based products
D. the poor taste of dairy-free cheese presently available
14. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A. The dairy-free products cannot be stored for a long time.
B. The new products will taste better than dairy-based ones.
C. Cow farming causes considerable environmental damage.
D. The dairy-free milk will be more expensive than cow’s milk.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Healthier Cheese
B. New Milk Saves Planet
C. Fresher Milk, Better Future
D. Making Milk without Cows
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一家公司生产出了一种新的牛奶，这种牛奶不需要奶牛。这种新产品不仅味道像真正的牛奶，也更健康，而且对环境友好。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。划线词所在的句子These products are popular with consumers who cannot drink cows’ milk for health reasons, as well as with those concerned about animal welfare and environmental sustainability.（这些产品很受因为健康原因不能喝牛奶的消费者的欢迎，也受那些关心动物和环境的可持续性发展的人的欢迎。）所以"those"指的是人，A. alternatives替代品；B. people人；C. products产品；D. reasons原因，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Perumal Gandhi and Ryan Pandya founded the company in 2014 after becoming increasingly annoyed with the lack of cows’ milk-free alternatives, particularly for cheese.可知现在的无乳干酪很难吃的味道激励了这家公司的创始人研发新的产品，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位在第四段According to the company’s website, when compared to conventional milk production, their process uses 65% less energy, creates 84% less greenhouse gas emissions and requires 91% less land and an amazing 98% less water!可知与传统的牛奶相比较而言，新的产品对环境的破坏较小，由此推知，奶牛养殖造成相当大的环境破坏，故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段However, these shortcomings may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to a new company in California, which has figured out how to create animal-free milk in a laboratory!是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了一家公司生产出了一种新的牛奶，这种牛奶不需要奶牛，故选D。
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical clinic. ___16___Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they won't be able to help you until they take the samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong.___17___ Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in this situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic(诊断的)tool.
Ozcan's invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many remote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don’t have enough training to correctly interpret what they see.___18___With Ozcan's mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a blood sample and send it to a central computer at a hospital. The computer will then automatically interpret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes.
___19___His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have cell phones, the cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low.
By inventing a medical tool that uses existing technology---mobile phones---Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere.___20___
A. Another reason that Ozcan's invention is important is that it is inexpensive.
B. Even though you may only have a simple infection (感染), you might die because of the delay.
C. People are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool.
D. Ozcan's simple, cost-effective tool might just save millions of lives around the world.
E. This tool has become much more popular all around the world.
F. You become very sick and must wait days until a mobile medical unit arrives to help.
G. As a result, they may diagnose illnesses incorrectly.
【答案】16. F 17. B
18. G 19. A
20. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。主要介绍了安迪·奥兹坎发明的一种将手机变成一种诊断工具的应用程序。这种发明很精确并易于使用。这种经济又实惠的医疗工具可以世界的任何地方使用，能拯救全世界数百万的生命。
【16题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“想象一下，你在一个偏僻的村庄，没有医疗诊所”及下句“一旦医生找到你，他们会给你检查并取血样，但是直到他们把血样带回医院，找出问题所在，他们才能帮助你”可推断出生病了要等几天医疗队才来看病。分析选项可知F项符合题意。故选F。
【17题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文的内容“如果你生病要等好几天医生才来看病，并送医院检查才能诊断。可推断出”即使只是简单的小感染，可能也会因为耽搁而死”，分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B。
【18题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“In many remote places…there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don’t have enough training to correctly interpret what they see.”可知，“在许多偏远的地方，即使医生有仪器帮忙，仍然会出现其他问题。例如，许多医生没有足够的培训来正确解释他们所看到的”，由此可判断出“这样可能会出现误诊”，分析选项可知G项（因此，他们可能错误地诊断疾病）符合题意，故选G。
【19题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。第二段说Ozcan的发明重要的一个原因，这儿应当是另一个原因。分析选项可知A项（Ozcan发明重要的另一个原因是它很便宜）应该是正确的。把A放入句中，符合题意。可知本小题是这一段的主题句。根据本段的内容可知“Ozcan的发明成本相当低”。A项与本段有词的复现，inexpensive即为fairly low。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere“OZCAN研制了既实用又经济的医疗工具。因此，它几乎可以在任何地方都有效”由此可推断出这种简单成本低的工具可以在全世界上救人，分析选项可知D项（OZCAN的简单、有效的工具可能会拯救全世界数百万的生命）符合题意，故选D。
【点睛】七选五题型看似简单，实际上有时完全作对并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐力。这种题一般可从以下方面来做：
（1）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。
（2）首先快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。如浏览本文后可知第4小题是主题句，分析选项可知，可能是A项，分析本段发现选项与本段有词的复现，inexpensive即为fairly low。故选A。
（3）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。如第1小题，根据上文“想象一下，你在一个偏僻的村庄，没有医疗诊所”及下句“一旦医生找到你，他们会给你检查并取血样，但是直到他们把血样带回医院，找出问题所在，他们才能帮助你”可推断出生病了要等几天医疗队才来看病。分析选项可知F项符合题意。故选F。
（4）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。
（5） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however 等。
做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分55分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
All of us in Monte Vista Christian School know we’ll one day have graduation photos for the yearbook taken. As the time ___21___, the girls start to have a ___22___ about what they’ll wear and where to take the photos, while the boys ___23___ hardly talk about it. As for me, I ___24___ for my photos to be taken by the sea.
When I arrived there, I met my photographer, Annie. She asked me to make some poses and I ___25___ her advice. After that, I asked if she could make me look ___26___ by taking photos in a different way, ___27___ I’m less than 1.6 meters tall. To my ___28___ she responded, “I will make no ___29___ to make you look like someone you’re not. You look good in your own way.” She ___30___ that she wouldn’t try to edit the photos either.
I was shocked by what she said. Girls always ___31___ to look perfect by using different visual angles. When you go to a photo studio, photographers always try to hide your ___32___ by telling you to stand in a certain way. And picture editors can easily ___33___ your look by making you appear any you want to. ___34___, that’s not the case here. Seeing I was ___35___. Annie explained: “Everyone has his uniqueness. You need to ___36___ your own beauty. You cannot live in a world of ___37___ photos.”
It was the first time that I had met a photographer who doesn’t ___38___ photos at all. After the shoot, I saw the photos — they are ___39___ special and natural. But what’s even more special are Annie’s ___40___, which will always stay in my heart.
21. A. flows B. approaches C. shrinks D. develops
22. A. discussion B. request C. reason D. complaint
23. A. by accident B. in addition C. by comparison D. in advance
24. A. accounted B. applied C. searched D. arranged
25. A. considered B. declined C. followed D. consulted
26. A. taller B. prettier C. thinner D. stronger
27. A. unless B. though C. since D. while
28. A. delight B. astonishment C. relief D. satisfaction
29. A. decision B. choice C. promise D. attempt
30. A. added B. swore C. explained D. admitted
31. A. pretend B. manage C. desire D. pay
32. A. preferences B. advantages C. personalities D. imperfections
33. A. expose B. recover C. change D. recognize
34. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Anyway
35. A. annoyed B. confused C. discouraged D. embarrassed
36. A. foster B. admire C. describe D. advocate
37. A. vivid B. colorful C. artificial D. popular
38. A. polish B. organize C. cut D. exhibit
39. A. causally B. roughly C. partially D. truly
40. A. attitudes B. words C. actions D. skills
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。我们所有人都在Monte Vista Christian学校知道我们有一天会拍毕业照。作者在拍毕业照时所得到的感悟是“每个人都有他的独特之处。你需要欣赏自己的美丽。你不能生活在一个人造照片的世界里。”
【21题详解】
考查动词。A. flows流动；B. approaches靠近；C. shrinks收缩；D. develops发展。随着时间的推移，女孩们开始讨论她们将穿什么，在哪里拍照，而相比之下男孩们几乎不谈论这个。故B项切题。
【22题详解】
考查名词。A. discussion讨论；B. request请求；C. reason理由；D. complaint抱怨。随着时间的推移，女孩们开始讨论她们将穿什么，在哪里拍照，而相比之下男孩们几乎不谈论这个。故A项切题。
【23题详解】
考查固定短语。A. by accident 意外地；B. in addition另外，此外；C. by comparison比较起来；D. in advance提前。随着时间的推移，女孩们开始讨论她们将穿什么，在哪里拍照，而相比之下男孩们几乎不谈论这个。故C项切题。
【24题详解】
考查动词。A. accounted解释，导致；B. applied应用；C. searched 搜寻；D. arranged安排。至于我，我把我的照片安排在海边拍。故D项切题。
【25题详解】
考查动词。A. considered考虑；B. declined下降，拒绝；C. followed跟随； D. consulted咨询。她让我做一些姿势，我听从了她的建议。follow one’s advice按着某人的建议，故C项切题。
【26题详解】
考查形容词。A. taller更高；B. prettier更美丽；C. thinner更瘦；D. stronger更强壮。在那之后，我问她是否可以用不同的方式让我看起来更高，因为我的身高还不到1。6米。根据下文less than 1.6 meters tall可知，A项切题。
【27题详解】
考查连词。A. unless除非；B. though尽管；C. since既然；D. while当---时候。在那之后，我问她是否可以用不同的方式让我看起来更高，因为我的身高还不到1。6米。此处是since引导的原因状语从句，故C项切题。
【28题详解】
考查名词。A. delight高兴；B. astonishment惊讶；C. relief救济，安慰； D. satisfaction满足。令我惊讶的是，她回答说：“我不会让你看起来像一个你不像的人。你以自己的方式看起来很好。To one’s astonishment使某人惊讶的是---，故答案为astonishment。
【29题详解】
考查名词。A. decision决定；B. choice选择；C. promise许诺；D. attempt企图。令我惊讶的是，她回答说：“我不会让你看起来像一个你不像的人。你以自己的方式看起来很好。故D项切题。
【30题详解】
考查动词。 A. added增加；B. swore宣誓；C. explained解释；D. admitted承认。她补充说，她也不会尝试编辑这些照片。故A项切题。
【31题详解】
考查动词。A. pretend假装；B. manage 管理；C. desire渴望；D. pay付款。女孩们总是希望通过使用不同的视角来表现完美。故C项切题。
【32题详解】
考查名词。A. preferences偏爱；B. shortcomings 缺点；C. personalities人格；D. imperfections不完美。当你去照相馆的时候，摄影师总是试图隐藏你的不完美，告诉你以某种方式站着。故D项切题。
【33题详解】
考查动词。A. expose揭露；B. recover恢复；C. change改变；D. recognize认出。图片编辑可以通过让你看起来任何你想要的样子来改变你的外观。故C项切题。
【34题详解】
考查副词。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. Anyway无论如何。然而，事实并非如此。故A项切题。
【35题详解】
考查动词。A. annoyed使烦恼；B. confused使困惑；C. discouraged使丧失信心；D. embarrassed尴尬。看到我很困惑，安妮解释说：“每个人都有他的独特之处。你需要欣赏自己的美丽。你不能生活在一个人造照片的世界里。”故B项切题。
【36题详解】
考查动词。A. foster培养；B. admire钦佩；C. describe描述；D. advocate提倡。看到我很困惑，安妮解释说：“每个人都有他的独特之处。你需要欣赏自己的美丽。你不能生活在一个人造照片的世界里。”故B项切题。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。A. vivid生动的；B. colorful富有色彩的；C. artificial人造的； D. popular受欢迎的。看到我很困惑，安妮解释说：“每个人都有他的独特之处。你需要欣赏自己的美丽。你不能生活在一个人造照片的世界里。”故C项切题。
【38题详解】
考查动词。A. polish磨光，修改；B. organize组织；C. cut切割；D. exhibit展览。这是我第一次见到一位不喜欢修改照片的摄影师。故A项切题。
【39题详解】
考查副词。 A. causally随便地；B. roughly粗略地；C. partially部分地； D. truly真实地。拍摄结束后，我看到了这些照片——它们真地很特别，很自然。故D项切题。
【40题详解】
考查名词。A. attitudes态度；B. words单词；C. actions行动； D. skills技能。但更特别的是安妮的话语，它将永远留在我的心里。故B项切题。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s industrial output is expected to rise by around 6.5 percent this year, marking the best ___41___ (perform) since 2010, ___42___ the Made in China 2025 strategy (策略) helps to raise productivity and revenue (税收).
The increase is 0.5 percentage points ___43___ (high) than the targeted growth, partly ___44___ (drive) by strong efforts to increase the use of new technology at traditional enterprises (企业), Miao Wei said on Monday.
“The country’s industrial economy has maintained steady and sound growth thanks ___45___ the Made in China 2025 strategy. It promoted the combination of manufacturing and new technologies such as ___46___ Internet, big data and cloud computing,” Mina added.
The ministry also predicted that the country’s industrial output would be likely ___47___ (grow) by around 6 percent next year, with revenue from the telecommunications, Internet, and software and information technology service ___48___ (increase) by 50 percent, 30 percent and 13 percent, respectively.
According to Miao, the country will also publish policies ___49___ promoting the development of digital economy. The data show that the country’s digital economy added up to 22.58 trillion yuan last year, ranking second ___50___ (global) and accounting for around 30 percent of national GDP.
【答案】41. performance
42. as/because
43. higher 44. driven
45. to 46. the
47. to grow
48. increasing
49. on 50. globally
【解析】
【分析】
本文为说明文。本文主要介绍了因为“中国制造2025”战略，预计今年中国工业产出将增长6.5%左右，这是自2010以来的最佳表现。
【41题详解】
考查名词。此处应该用名词performance（表现）作动词make的宾语，构成现在分词短语，故填performance。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：因为“中国制造2025”战略有助于提高生产率和收入，预计今年中国工业产出将增长6.5%左右，这是自2010以来的最佳表现。前后是因果关系，故填as/because。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个增幅比目标增长率高0.5个百分点。句中有than，表比较，所以要用比较级higher，故填higher。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这个增幅比目标增长率高0.5个百分点，部分是受传统企业大力增加使用新技术的努力的驱使。此处是用过去分词driven作状语，与主语The increase是被动关系，故填driven。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：多亏了中国制造2025战略，全国工业经济保持稳健增长。thanks to为固定短语，意为“幸亏了…，由于…”，故填to。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。此处特指“互联网”，所以加定冠词the，故填the。
【47题详解】
考查不定式。句意：该部还预测，明年中国的工业产值可能会增长6%左右。be likely to do sth,为固定搭配，意为“可能做某事”。所以要接不定式to grow。
【48题详解】
考查现在分词。这是with的复合结构：with+宾语+现在分词作状语，此动词increase与宾语revenue（税收）是主动关系，意思是“随着税收的不断增长”，故填increasing.。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：国家还将公布关于促进数字经济发展的政策。此处用介词on意思是“关于”，故填on。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：数据显示，去年全国经济总量达22.58万亿元，居全球第二位，约占国内生产总值的30%。此处用副词globally（在全球地）作状语，修饰现在分词ranking，故填globally。
【点睛】语法填空要求结合文章内容填出单词，所填单词往往与文章的内容息息相关，因而解题前必须通读全文，对全文内容有一个整体的了解，从中获取文章的基本信息。通读后再复读，边读边填词。
1.填词时应注意所填词的词性，如果是动词，需根据其在句中的意思确定其正确的时态、语态及非谓语动词形式。比如文章第4小题中此处是用过去分词driven作状语，与主语The increase是被动关系，故填driven。第7小题考查不定式。此处固定搭配，意为“可能做某事”。所以要接不定式to grow 。
2.如果是形容词、副词，应注意其等级的变化及两者之间的转化，第3小题考查形容词比较级。句中有than，表比较，所以要用比较级higher，故填higher。第10小题考查副词。此处指用副词globally（在全球地）作状语，修饰现在分词ranking，故填globally。
3.如果考查某些固定用法。要牢记固定语法规则，认真分析。如第5小题考查固定短语：thanks to（幸亏了…，由于…，）。
4.对于有一定难度的空处，先将其放置一边做后面的，最后再从全篇内容上考虑、分析，仔细体会出题者的意图。填完所有单词后，必须将所有填的词带入文中再读一遍，仔细检查自己所填的词是否与文章的情境、内容一致，读起来是否流畅，单词拼写是否正确，单词形式是否恰当等，发现问题应及时纠正。
第三节 词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请根据语境用括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语意思填空，每空一词。
51. _____(以……为根据) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
52. He only wants freedom, justice, and _________ (平等).
53. The election results have still not been _________ (官方地) announced.
54. He will fight even more desperately if _________ (trap).
55. Trains are _________ (rely), cheap and best for long-distance journeys.
【答案】51. Basing
52. equality
53. officially
54. trapped
55. reliable
【解析】
本大题为用所给词的正确形式或根据汉语意思填空。做这种练习时，首先分析每个句子，根据具体的语境来判断所填词的在句子中所作的成分， 以此确定其时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法，从而正确地完成本题。
【51题详解】
考查现在分词做状语。句意：把重要的决定更多的建立在情感而不是原因上，你迟早会后悔的。Base…on..，把…建立在…的基础上，you和base是主谓关系，所以要用现在分词做状语，故填Basing
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：他只要自由、公正和平等。分析句子可知，本空所填的词与名词freedom, justice是并列关系，所以本空填“平等”的名词equality。
【53题详解】
考查副词作状语。句意：选举结果尚未正式公布。分析句子可知，本空所填的词作状语，修饰动词announced，修饰动词要用副词，故“官方地”可译为officially。
【54题详解】
考查非谓语。分析句子可知，本句是省略句，If从句中的主语he与主句的主语一致，可以把从句的主语省略，而he与动词trap是被动关系，意为“如果他被围困住…”，trap要用过去分词，因此本空填trapped。
【55题详解】
考查形容词作表语。分析句子可知，动词rely在句中作表语，作表语要用形容词，故用其形容词reliable。
根据所学语法知识和所学短语填空，每空一词。
56. _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ (事实上), everything has developed as we wanted.
57. The limited time should _________ _________ _________ _________ (利用) to prepare for the upcoming examinations.
58. Believe it or not, there is _________ _________ _________ _________ (所谓的) standard English.
59. He is now reading a book about a scientist, _________ he dreams to be.
60. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _________ New York is an example.
【答案】56. (1). As (2). a (3). matter (4). of (5). fact
57. (1). be (2). made (3). use (4). of
58. (1). no (2). such (3). thing (4). as
59. which 60. (1). of/among (2). which
【解析】
本大题为语法填空。做这种练习时，首先分析每个句子，根据具体的语境来判断缺少部分的英语短语，再根据在句子所做的成份确定其时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语，是单句还是复句，更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法，从而正确地完成本题。
【56题详解】
考查固定搭配。as a mater of fact 为固定搭配，意为“事实上”由此可知本题的答案为(1). As (2). a (3). matter (4). of (5). fact 。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配及被动语态。句意：make use of….为固定搭配，意为“利用”。本句中的主语是the limited time，与谓语动词make use of …是被动关系，时间是被利用，因此要用被动语态。should为情态动词，后面要用动词原形，故填(1). be (2). made (3). use (4). of
【58题详解】
考查固定句式。There is no such thing as…为固定搭配，意为“世上没有所谓的这种事”，所以本题填(1). no (2). such (3). thing (4). as
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他现在正在读一本关于科学家的书，他梦想成为书中的那个样子。分析句子可知，本句中的定语从句修饰前面的一整个句子He is now reading a book about a scientist，指代整个句子的只能是which，在定语从句中作be的表语，故填which。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句中的关系词+which。句意：对于世界上许多城市来说，没有进一步扩展的空间，纽约就是其中的一个例子。there is no room to spread out further, 是插入语。本句中的先行词是many cities，在定语从句中作of/among的宾语，即New York is an example of/among the cities, the cities是先行词，指物。所以是of/among which。故本题填 (1). of/among (2). which
第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)
61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The summer job is a tradition among American university students. Long after the end of the school year, students start their summer vacation job search. They send letters to businesses, going to job interviews, and ask our friends and relatives for help. By June the students usually have been found their jobs and then they begin preparing to enter the world of works.
Reasons for wanting a summer job differs from student to student. Some work help pay their school expenses, others work to gain experience in their chosen professions: still others work just for the funny of it. Salesmen or waiters are two of the much common jobs that students try to find during the summer months.
【答案】1.after→before
2. going→go
3. our→their
4.将been删除
5. works→work
6. differs→differ
7.在 help 之前添加 to
8.funny→fun
9. or→and
10. much→most
【解析】
【分析】
本文为记叙文。做暑期工是美国大学生的传统。学年结束前很长一段时间，学生开始找工作。暑期工作的原因因人而异，目的各不相同。但做销售员或服务员是学生在暑假期间所要找的两种最常见的工作。
【详解】1.考查语境。根据常识可知，暑期工应当是学生在学期结束前一段时间开始暑假找工作，而不是开学后。因此after→before。
2.考查谓语动词。句意：他们写信给企业，去面试，并向朋友和亲戚寻求帮助。分析句子 They send letters to businesses, going to job interviews, and ask our friends and relatives for help可知，句中的send, go 和ask这三个动词是并列的谓语动词，所以going要改为go。going→go。
3. 考查人称的一致性。分析句子They send letters to businesses, going to job interviews, and ask our friends and relatives for help可知，本句的主语是they，因此他们向他们的（而不是我们的）朋友和亲戚求助，因此把our→their。
4.考查语态。分析句子By June the students usually have been found their jobs可知，句意为“学生到6月时已找到工作”，学生与找到（find）工作是主谓关系，而非动宾关系，因此要用主动语态，而非被动语态，因此要将been删除。
5. 考查不可数名词。名词work意为“工作”是个不可数名词，没有复数，因此把works→work。
6. 考查主谓一致。分析句子Reasons for wanting a summer job differs from student to student.可知本句的主语是Reasons，是复数名词，谓语动词要用复数形式，因此differs→differ。
7.考查一致性。句意：暑期工作的原因因人而异。一些工作是为了帮助支付他们的学费，有的工作是为了获得他们所选择职业方面的经验。根据后一句“others work to gain experience in their chosen professions”及语法可知help…表目的，所以少了to，因此要在 help 之前添加 to。
8.考查名词作宾语。介词 for后要用名词，而funny是形容词，“趣的，好笑的，滑稽的”，要用其名词形式fun，意为“乐趣”，因此把funny→fun。
9. 考查连词。句意：做销售员和服务员是学生在暑假期间所要找的两种最常见的工作。根据句意可知，做销售员和服务员是并列的，而非或者，因此把or→and。
10.考查最高级。根据句意可知，做销售员和服务员是学生在暑假期间所要找的两种最常见的工作。The most common为最高级，much一般用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级，所以把much→most。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
62.假定你是李华,收到英国朋友Alice的邮件,以下是邮件内容:
Dear Li Hua,
How are you doing these days? I’m having some problems and would like to get your advice.
My parents want me to spend my summer with them this year but I would prefer to go somewhere with my friends. I love my parents but sometimes they are overprotective. I feel that I am old enough and responsible enough to go away without their supervision(监护).
Any suggestions you could give me about this issue would be greatly appreciated.
Yours,
Alice
请给Alice回一封邮件,内容包括:
1.感谢她的信任；
2.回应她的请求；
3.说明你的理由。
注意1.词数100左右
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】Yours,
Li Hua
范文1：
Dear Alice,
I’m flattered to know you have such confidence in my opinions that you would write to me for advice, but more importantly I’m sorry to read that you’re having this problem with your parents.
I think that you should explain to your parents that you are mature enough to travel without their supervision. It’s natural for parents to worry, so why don’t you show them where you plan to go, who you’re going with and where you will stay. It might also help if you introduce your friends to reassure them. Finally provide them with the contact details so they can get in touch with you.
Parents often resist their children growing up. It’s up to you to gently show them it is time to loosen the strings.
I hope this advice will be useful to you and good luck with your decision.
Yours,
Li Hua
范文2：
Dear Alice,
I can feel from your email that this issue with your parents is greatly affecting you and really appreciate that you trust me enough to want my advice.
Coincidentally, I met a similar situation last summer. Initially, like you, I really didn’t want to go travelling with my parents. But then I thought of things from their point of view. I go to university next year, so, for them, this may have been the last time we’d all travel together as a family. I understood that rather than trying to control me, they just wanted to spend more time with me, so I chose to go and we had a fantastic time together!
I think you shouldn’t be in such a hurry to grow up. Treasure the time you have with your parents now as neither you nor they will be around forever.
I hope my own experience helps you and that you find a solution.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本文为应用说明文。根据Alice的邮件内容，给Alice回一封邮件,内容包括:1.感谢她的信任；2.回应她的请求；3.说明你的理由。
【详解】本文是一篇建议信。根据Alice的问题“即在今年父母希望和她一起度过夏天，但她更喜欢和朋友一起去玩”,不知如何做。要你给Alice回一封邮件,内容包括:1.感谢她的信任；2.回应她的请求；3.说明你的理由。
分析要求可知，本文是一封信。所以要遵循信的格式。首先要读信的内容弄清Alice的问题，然后再针对问题写信。信的内容主要包括三部分。第一部分叙述写信的原因并要感谢她的信任，可用一些表达感谢的词语如thank sb.for.. ,appreciate for ,be honorable to do…等。第二部分主要回应她的请求，即给出她一些建议及说明理由。如向父母坦承自己要与朋友在一起并对此作出解释，以取得父母的同意和谅解。或是建议她与父母一起度假期以及为何这么做的原因。最后一部分表达愿望。其中第二部分是重点，给出建议时用词在委婉，易接受。
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