还剩18页未读，
继续阅读
2019届四川省泸州市高三上学期一诊英语试卷（解析版）
展开
2019届四川省泸州市高三上学期一诊英语试卷（解析版）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
The city of Amsterdam is one of the best preserved in all of Europe． When visiting this remarkable city，you tend to forget your troubles just for a moment． With this travel guide， you will be able to discover the real Amsterdam．
Amsterdam weather and best time to visit
To see the tulip flowers you can visit from mid-April to early May． For the New Year's celebration， there's a lot of partying going on then． However， if you want to enjoy a quieter and more relaxed Amsterdam， visit from October to March．
Getting Around Amsterdam
You can rent a bike to go wherever you want to go． Public transportation is also convenient． You can get a chip card for about ﹩9．
What You Should Know Before Visiting Amsterdam
Plan ahead since most of the attractions are usually busy and be careful with your wallets as the city is well known for pick-pockets． Also be cautious when you are buying something in the markets．
Best of Amsterdam
Rijks museum
This museum is one of the finest in the world． Make sure you arrive before 10 am to avoid big crowds．
Vondel park
If you are looking forward to relaxing and enjoying some peace and quiet， make a trip to this top choice park in the city．
Van Gogh museum
The Van Gogh museum is very fascinating； you will definitely be moved as you see Van Gogh's life and how he developed through art．
A'Dam Tower
If you want to get the inspiring views of Amsterdam， take the lift to the top of this tower． You can also climb aboard the giant four-person swing for some fun rides．
1. In which month can visitors feel at ease more in Amsterdam ？ ______
A. June． B. July．
C. September． D. November．
2. What is the purpose of the part"What you should know before visiting Amsterdam"？ ______
A. Providing help． B. Giving warnings．
C. Explaining situations． D. Expressing disappointment．
3. Where should you go to get a bird's-eye view of Amsterdam？ ______
A. Rijks museum． B. Vondel park．
C. Van Gogh museum． D. A'Dam Tower．
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文向游客介绍了去阿姆斯特丹旅游的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由“Amsterdam weather and best time to visit”中的“However, if you want to enjoy a quieter and more relaxed Amsterdam, visit from October to March.”可知，然而，如果你想享受一个更安静，更放松的阿姆斯特丹，旅游应该从十月份到三月份。11月份在10月份到三月份之间。故D选项正确。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。由“What you should know before visiting Amsterdam”中的“Plan ahead since most of the attractions are usually busy and be careful with your wallets as the city is well known for pick-pockets. Also be cautious when you are buying something in the markets. ”提前计划吧，因为大多数景点通常都很忙，而且小心你的钱包，因为这个城市以扒手闻名。在市场上买东西的时候也要小心。可知，这段的目的就给予游客提醒。故B选项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由“If you want to get the inspiring views of Amsterdam, take the lift to the top of this tower. ”可知，如果你想俯瞰阿姆斯特丹的风景，你应该去A’Dam Tower。故D选项正确。
B
Derek Rabelo is not the only surfer to conquer Hawaii's famous Pipeline big-wave break， but while all others use their sight to do it， this young professional surfer must rely only on his other senses． That's because he is completely blind．
When Derek was born about 24 years ago， he got his name from Derek Ho， the first Hawaiian surfing world champion． A surfing enthusiast himself， Emeslo Rabelo dreamed that his son would share the talent of his uncle， a professional surfer． Unfortunately， Derek was born completely blind， but this didn't stop his family from believing that he could do anything he wanted， even if that meant becoming a surfer．
At age 2， Derek received a bodyboard and the beaches of Guarapari， Brazil， became his backyard． He was always comfortable in the water and surfing was in his blood， but he didn't actually try riding a wave until he turned 17， when his father bought him a surfboard． His father taught him the basics and encouraged him to keep practising， but after successfully standing up on the surfboard， Derek knew he needed to become much better if he was going to achieve Emeslo's dream and become a professional surfer． So he joined the Praia do Moroo surf school， where he studied under coach Fabio Maru．
Standing up on a surfboard and conquering small waves is one thing， while gathering the courage to take on Hawaii's board-breaking Pipeline is another． But that was exactly what Derek Rabelo set out to do just months after learning how to surf． Everyone told him it was too dangerous， but he felt he could do it． And he did， earning the praise of famous professional surfers like Kelly Slater and Mick Fanning． Now 24， Rabelo has been surfing the Pipeline every winter since．
4. What makes Dereck Rabelo special as a professional surfer？ ______
A. He is disabled． B. He is talented．
C. He is fortunate． D. He is hard-working．
5. Who is Derek Ho？ ______
A. Derek Rabelo's uncle． B. Derek Rabelo's father．
C. A surf school coach． D. A professional surf trainer．
6. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about Derek Rabelo？ ______
A. His difficulties in surfing．
B. His achievements in surfing．
C. His dream to be a professional surfer．
D. His early life to be a professional surfer．
7. What words can best describe Derek according to the last paragraph？ ______
A. Skillful and proud． B. Brave and confident．
C. Considerate and reliable． D. Careful and strong-willed．
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇人物传记。叙述了盲人小伙德里克.拉贝洛以及他早年学习冲浪的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“ That’s because he is completely blind.”那是因为他完全瞎了。可知，Dereck Rabelo是个残疾人。故A选项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“When Derek was born about 24 years ago, he got his name from Derek Ho, the first Hawaiian surfing world champion. A surfing enthusiast himself, Emeslo Rabelo dreamed that his son would share the talent of his uncle, a professional surfer. ”，他的父亲埃内斯托已经决定给他起个名字，以Derek Ho的名字命名，他是夏威夷第一位冲浪世界冠军。Emeslo Rabelo是一个冲浪爱好者，他梦想着他的儿子能继承他叔叔的天赋，成为一名职业冲浪者。可知，Derek Ho是 Derek Rabelo的叔叔。故A选项正确。
【6题详解】
段落大意题。由第三段的“At age 2, Derek received a bodyboard and the beaches of Guarapari, Brazil, became his backyard.”2岁时，德里克得到了一块俯伏冲浪板，巴西瓜拉巴的海滩成了他的后院。“ but he didn’t actually try riding a wave until he turned 17, when his father bought him a surfboard. His father taught him the basics and encouraged him to keep practising, but after successfully standing up on the surfboard,”但他并没有真正尝试过冲浪，直到17岁，当他的父亲给他买了一个冲浪板。他的父亲教他基础知识，鼓励他继续练习。“So he joined the Praia do Moroo surf school, where he studied under coach Fabio Maru.”所以他加入了普拉亚多莫鲁冲浪学校，在Fabio Maru教练的指导下学习。可知，第三段都在讲述德里克成为专业冲浪手之前的早年生活。故D选项正确。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由最后段“Everyone told him it was too dangerous, but he felt he could do it. And he did, earning the praise of famous professional surfers like Kelly Slater and Mick Fanning. ”每个人都告诉他这太危险了，但他觉得他能做到。他做到了，赢得了像Kelly Slater和Mick Fanning这样的著名职业冲浪者的赞扬。可知，德里克勇敢且自信。故B选项正确。
【点睛】通过对关键词或关键句子的判断能够更快更好地推理出想表达的言外之意。通过对句子“Everyone told him it was too dangerous, but he felt he could do it. And he did,”中的关键词but he felt he could do it.可知，虽然危险但是他做了，说明他勇敢。他感觉他能做，说明他很自信。所以，“勇敢”和“自信”最能描述Derek。故小题4的正确答案为B选项。
C
"Her grades are fine； I'm not worried about that， but she just doesn't seem to love learning any more，"
Alice's mum said．
She's absolutely right． I'd noticed the same thing about her daughter over the previous two or three years when I'd been Alice's middle school teacher， and I have an answer， right there on the tip of my tongue， to what has gone wrong． Yet I'm torn between my responsibility to help Alice and the knowledge that what I have to say is a truth I'm not sure this mother is ready to hear．
The truth for this parent and so many others is this： Her child has sacrificed her natural curiosity and love of learning at the altar of achievement， and it's our fault． Alice's parents， her teachers， society at large - we are all supposed to be blamed in this crime against learning． From her first day of school， we pointed her toward that altar and trained her to measure her progress by means of points， scores， and awards．
We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect（智力）， and that her intellect is more important than her character． We taught her to come home proudly bearing grade As， championship prizes， and college acceptance， and not on purpose， we taught her that we don't really care how she obtains them． We taught her to protect her academic and extracurricular（课外的）perfection at all costs and that it's better to quit when things get challenging rather than risk losing that perfect record． Above all else， we taught her to fear failure． That fear is what has destroyed her love of learning．
8. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that the author ______ ．
A. thinks Alice is right
B. is uncertain of the answer
C. hesitates to express an idea
D. wonders why the mother is worried
9. Which can replace the underlined words"at the altar of"？ ______
A. instead of B. at the risk of
C. at the loss of D. in the interest of
10. What has really made Alice change her attitude to learning？ ______
A. Being slow in study． B. Fear of bad grades．
C. Difficulty in study． D. Press from parents．
11. What is more important for a teenager in the author's opinion？ ______
A. His knowledge． B. His intellect．
C. His character． D. His achievement．
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者是一名老师，介绍了自己的一个学生，成绩很好，但不爱学习，然后分析了原因，是老师，家长，社会用所谓的成就抹杀了孩子的热情和好奇心，最终导致孩子不爱学习。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“I have an answer, right there on the tip of my tongue, to what has gone wrong. Yet I’m torn between my responsibility to help Alice and the knowledge that what I have to say is a truth I’m not sure this mother is ready to hear.”我的答案就在我的嘴边，就是出了什么问题。然而，我在帮助爱丽丝的责任和我必须说的是事实之间左右为难，我不确定这个母亲是否已经准备好聆听了。可知，作者对要表达出自己的看法很犹豫。故C选项正确。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。由第三段“Her child has sacrificed her natural curiosity and love of learning at the altar of achievement”她的孩子为了所谓的成就牺牲了她天生的好奇心和对学习的热爱。可知at the altar of的意思是“为了.”。故D选项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由最后段“That fear is what has destroyed her love of learning.恐惧摧毁了她对学习的热爱”可知，B选项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“Alice’s parents, her teachers, society at large — we are all supposed to be blamed in this crime against learning”以及“ We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect(智力）, and that her intellect is more important than her character”爱丽丝的父母，她的老师，整个社会--我们都应该在这次犯罪中受到谴责。“我们告诉爱丽丝，她的潜力与她的智力息息相关，她的智力比她的性格更重要。”可知，作者在表达我们对孩子的错误教导。所以可以判断出作者认为性格更重要。故C选项正确。
D
The year 3700， Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home． On this planet at least， man is nothing more than a memory - if there is anything left to remember the"wise man"． But what about our wisdom -will any of it survive us？
The conventional answer is no． Knowledge requires a knower， and there will be no knowing minds around then． But if information survives， perhaps in books or hard drives， maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant （休眠）， ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future．
At first sight， that seems to be reasonable： after all， we have done similar things with past knowledge． For example， we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece， and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics（象形文字）． Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life．
However， the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark： we know we are dealing with the legacy （遗赠） of other humans．
Without that link， the survival of objects and raw data doesn't guarantee the survival of knowledge．And a lack of continuity in language with any future intelligence would be a barrier． Knowledge is closely connected with language． When a language dies out， we can lose systems of reasoning that they contain． If that's lost， then it can't be recovered．
All this means that other minds might not be able to fully make human knowledge alive when we are gone． It is better to concentrate on not dying out in the first place．
12. What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1？ ______
A. To present an interesting idea．
B. To state a problem of the future．
C. To inform us of the earth in 3700．
D. To introduce the topic of the text．
13. What do the words"similar things"in Paragraph 3probably refer to？ ______
A. Developing the minds．
B. Remembering the wise man．
C. Making lost wisdom alive again．
D. Learning from the ancient civilization．
14. What plays the key part in getting cultural continuity according to the text？ ______
A. Language． B. Intelligence．
C. Knowledge． D. Information．
15. What can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Can human beings live on？
B. Will our wisdom survive us？
C. How we can protect our culture
D. What the earth will be like in the future
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。一架古希腊计算机在希腊南部海岸附近海域的沉船中被发现，向世人宣告了远古文明曾达到的惊人高度。如果我们不幸灭绝，后来的生命能否从我们的遗物中发现人类智慧的痕迹？
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段可知，3700年，地球极端炎热，人类已不能称其为家园。至少在这颗行星上，人类不过是一段记忆——如果这里还留有任何让人忆起“智人”的事物的话。但我们的智慧呢——会有一部分智慧能比我们存活得更长久吗？所以判断出第一段是为了引出话题，才有了第二段介绍传统看法“知识死亡论”和新看法“知识休眠论”。第三段，说明“知识休眠论”表面的合理性。第四段指出“知识休眠论”的缺陷所在。最后段总结主题得出结论。故D选项正确。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。由第三段“ For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics. Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.例如，我们从一艘在希腊南部海岸附近海域被摧毁的船只上拯救了一台古老的计算机，并成功地找到了埃及象形文字的含义。仔细的工作可以使先前失去的智慧复活。可知，“similar things”指的是“让失去的智慧复活”。故C选项正确。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段“And a lack of continuity in language with any future intelligence would be a barrier. Knowledge is closely connected with language. When a language dies out, we can lose systems of reasoning that they contain. If that’s lost, then it can’t be recovered.”。与未来智慧生命缺少语言连续性也会成为障碍。知识与语言密切相关。当一种语言消亡时，我们就会失去它们所包含的思维体系。如果丢了，就找不到了。可知，语言在维系文化的持续性扮演着重要的作用。故A选项正确。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第二段介绍传统看法“知识死亡论”和新看法“知识休眠论”。第三段，说明“知识休眠论”表面的合理性。第四段指出“知识休眠论”的缺陷所在。最后段总结主题得出结论。这些都是围绕着“如果我们不幸灭绝，后来的生命能否从我们的遗物中发现人类智慧的痕迹？”这个主题展开的。故B选项正确。
【点睛】根据列举的事例猜测词义是解决猜测词义题型的方法之一。通过对列举事例的分析，可以快速地判断出词的意思。小题2要求猜测出“similar things”指的是什么？通过对短文所给出的事例“ For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics. Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.”的分析可知，在沉船上发现了计算机并成功地找到了埃及象形文字的含义。这使得先前失去的智慧复活。短文中we have done similar things with past knowledge.“所以我们对过去的知识做过同样的事”。这里的“similar things”指的就是“让失去的智慧复活”。故C选项正确。所以要把握好事例所要传达的意思，会使词义猜测更容易。
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Four benefits of learning a new language Has learning a new language been sitting on your to-do list for ages？There's no better time than now to think of finally crossing it off．___16___
1． Easier travels
The fabled（传说中的）language barrier is real - as soon as you travel outside tourist areas，understanding others and making yourself understood can be quite the challenge．___17___ In this way you can experience all the riches a foreign country offers．
2． Better work relations
Being able to speak to your clients （委托人） in their preferred language can be of great help for your business relationships．___18___ Indeed， speaking an extra language could earn your salary up to 20 percent．
3． Improved brain function
Learning a new language can develop your thinking abilities and help your mind work better． Studies have even shown that language learning reduces the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease．
4． Increased focus
Language learning shapes your brain into a well-oiled multi-tasking machine． As you build a new mental word list， you'll notice an improvement in your ability to do several things at once and to quickly switch between tasks．___19___
So， start by determining what you want to do -taking a trip， moving to another country or looking for a better job， for instance．___20___ Be open-minded， listen to others and most of all， practice， practice， and practice some more!
A．Just involve yourself in the language．
B．This makes it possible for you to find a good reason．
C．Your overall focus will be sharper and your brain will work better．
D．You should be familiar with the language spoken where you're traveling．
E．Learning a new language is a good way to improve your ability in this field．
F．Here are some benefits of language learning that will convince you to take the leap！
G．It will improve not only your professional reputation but your chances of scoring a raise．
【答案】16. F 17. D
18. G 19. C
20. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了学习一门新语言的几点益处。
【16题详解】
由“1. Easier travels，2. Better work relations，3. Improved brain function， 4. Increased focus”以及小题1的位置。可知，小题1要起到启下的作用。故F选项切题。
【17题详解】
由“In this way you can experience all the riches a foreign country offers.”通过这种方式，你可以体验到一个国家提供的所有有价值的东西。可知，小题2要承接下文，表明你应该怎么做才能体验到一个国家提供的所有有价值的东西。故D选项切题。
【18题详解】
由“Being able to speak to your clients ( 委 托 人) in their preferred language can be of great help for your business relationships.”能够用客户喜欢的语言与他们交谈对你的业务关系有很大的帮助。可知小题3要紧接着说具体的帮助。故G选项切题。
【19题详解】
由“Language learning shapes your brain into a well-oiled multi-tasking machine. As you build a new mental word list, you’ll notice an improvement in your ability to do several things at once and to quickly switch between tasks ”语言学习把你的大脑塑造成一个良好的多任务机器。当你建立一个新的心理词汇表时，你会发现你同时做几件事情的能力有所提高。可知，这两个句子都在介绍语言学习所带来的益处，所以小题4也要介绍语言学习的益处。故C选项切题。
【20题详解】
由So, start by determining what you want to do – taking a trip, moving to another country or looking for a better job, for instance. 所以，首先要确定你想做什么——比如旅行，搬到另一个国家或者寻找一份更好的工作。Be open-minded. listen to others and most of all, practice, practice, and practice some more!思想要开放。听别人的，最重要的是，多练习，多练习！可知，小题5要起到承上启下的作用，既要说明应该要用语言，又要引起下文，来说明用语言的时候应该注意什么。故A选项切题。
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Horror seized the heart of the soldier as he saw his life-long friend fall in the battle． Caught in a trench（壕沟） with ___21___ gunfire whistling over his head， the soldier asked his ___22___ if he might go out into the
"No Man's Land"___23___the trenches to bring his___24___friend back．
"You ___25___ go，"said the captain"，but I don't think it will be worth it． Your friend is probably___26___ and you may throw your own life away．"The captain's words didn't matter， and the soldier ___27___ anyway．
Surprisingly， he___28___ to reach his friend， raised him onto his shoulder， and___29___ him back to their company's trench． As the two of them fell in together to the ___30___ of the trench， the officer___31___ the wounded soldier， and then looked___32___ at his friend．"I told you it wouldn't be worth it，"he said．"Your friend is dead， and your ___33___ is deadly．"
"It was worth it， though， sir，"the soldier said．
"How do you___34___ ‘worth it'？"responded the captain．Your friend is dead!"
"Yes sir，"the soldier answered．"But it was worth it because when I got to him， he was still alive， and I had the___35___ of hearing him say，‘Jim， I knew you'd___36___．'"
Many a time in ___37___， whether a thing is worth doing or not___38___ depends on how you look at it． Take up all your courage and do something your___39___ tells you to do so that you may not ___40___ not doing it later in life．
21. A. dangerous B. distant C. visible D. continuous
22. A. captain B. boss C. soldier D. company
23. A. behind B. before C. between D. among
24. A. worried B. killed C. frightened D. fallen
25. A. can B. must C. will D. shall
26. A. mad B. brave C. dead D. lucky
27. A. heard B. understood C. stopped D. went
28. A. fought B. wished C. managed D. promised
29. A. brought B. dragged C. forced D. pushed
30. A. front B. bottom C. back D. edge
31. A. caught B. greeted C. respected D. checked
32. A. strangely B. angrily C. kindly D. suddenly
33. A. feeling B. thought C. wound D. pain
34. A. mean B. mention C. use D. learn
35. A. pride B. satisfaction C. patience D. experience
36. A. suffer B. come C. survive D. help
37. A. life B. danger C. need D. fact
38. A. hardly B. slightly C. possibly D. really
39. A. leader B. duty C. heart D. purpose
40. A. forget B. regret C. imagine D. pref
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文通过士兵在战争时救战友的故事，告诉我们对一件事无法做出选择时，仔细倾听内心的声音，才能做出无悔的选择。
【21题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. dangerous危险的； B. distant 遥远的； C. visible 看的见的； D. continuous继续的。句意：这名士兵被困在一条战壕中，不断有炮火从他的头顶呼啸而过。由“you may throw your own life away”可知，战争很残酷，炮火不断，随时都有丧命的危险。故D选项切题。
【22题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. captain 队长；B. boss 老板； C. soldier 士兵；D. company连队。句意：他问他的队长是否可以走出战壕，进入战壕之间的“无人地带”。由“said the captain”可知，士兵在问队长。故A选项切题。
【23题详解】
考查介词辨析。A. behind 在.后；B. before在.之前； C. between在之间（两者之间）； D. among在..之间（三者之间）。句意：他问他的队长是否可以走出战壕，进入战壕之间的“无人地带”。“无人地带”处在两个阵地之间。故C选项切题。
【24题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. worried担忧的；B. killed被杀的； C. frightened 害怕的 ； D. fallen倒下的。句意：把倒下的战友带回来。由“ he saw his life-long friend fall in the battle”可知，士兵要把倒下的战友带回来。故D选项切题。
【25题详解】
考查情态动词辨析。A. can能； B. must必须 ； C. will 会 ； D. shall将会。句意：你可以去。根据句意，故A选项切题。
【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. mad 疯的 ； B. must 必须； C. dead 死的 ； D. lucky幸运的。句意：但我认为这不值得。你的朋友可能已经死了。由“Your friend is dead”可知，队长认为他的战友可能死了。故C选项切题。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. heard听； B. understood 理解； C. stopped 停止； D. went走。句意：队长的话没起作用，反正士兵去了“无人地带”。由下文可知，士兵把倒下的战友带回了战壕。可知士兵离开了壕沟，去了“无人地带”。故D选项切题。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. fought 打仗； B. wished 希望； C. managed管理； D. promised承诺。句意：令人惊讶的是，他成功地找到了他的朋友。manage to do sth“成功做某事” 。由“Surprisingly”可知，C选项切题。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. brought带来； B. dragged 拽； C. forced 强迫； D. pushed推。句意：令人惊讶的是，他成功找到了他的朋友，把他扶到肩膀上，并把他带回了他们连队的战壕。由“ raised him onto his shoulder, and brought him back to their company’s trench. 可知，士兵成功的找到了他的朋友，并把他带回来了。故A选项切题。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. front前部； B. bottom 底部； C. back后部； D. edge边缘。句意：当他们两人一起掉到战壕底部时，军官检查了受伤的士兵。由“fell in ”可知，他们两人一起掉到战壕底部。故B选项切题。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. caught 抓； B. greeted 问候；C. respected尊重 ； D. checked检查。句意：当他们两人一起掉到战壕底部时，军官检查了受伤的士兵。由“ your wound is deadly.”可知，队长检查了士兵的伤口。故D选项切题。
【32题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. strangely奇怪地； B. angrily 生气地； C. kindly善良地； D. suddenly突然地。句意：然后亲切地看着他的朋友。由“Your friend is dead”可知，士兵的朋友已经死了。此时队长对死者是很尊重的，所以队长亲切地看着他的朋友。故C选项切题。
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. feeling感觉；B. thought思考；C. wound 伤口 ； D. pain疼痛。句意：你的朋友死了，你的伤口却是致命的。由“the officer checked the wounded soldier”可知，士兵负伤了且很致命。故C选项切题。
【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. mean意味着；B. mention提及 ； C. use使用；D. learn学习。句意：你说的‘值得’是什么意思。根据句意，故A选项切题。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. pride自豪 ； B. satisfaction满意 ； C. patience耐心； D. experience经历。句意：我很满意地听到他说，‘吉姆，我知道你会来的。士兵觉得救他的朋友很值得，当他听的朋友说“吉姆，我知道你会来的”他很满意。故B选项切题。
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. suffer遭受；B. come来； C. survive幸存；D. help帮助。句意：我很满意听到他说，“吉姆，我知道你会来的”。根据句意，B选项切题。
【37题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. life生活 ； B. danger 危险 ； C. need需要 ； D. fact事实。句意：生活中很多时候，一件事是否值得做，真的取决于你如何看待它。由这个故事，作者想到了日常的生活中，人们应该怎么去判断事情是否值得做，从而揭示主题。故A选项切题。
【38题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. hardly 几乎不； B. slightly 轻微地；C. possibly可能地；D. really真正地。句意：生活中很多时候，一件事是否值得做，真的取决于你如何看待它。根据句意，故D选项切题。
【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. leader 领导；B. duty职责 ； C. heart心脏； D. purpose目的。句意：鼓起你所有的勇气，做一些你内心告诉你要做的事情，这样你就不会后悔以后没有做这件事。由故事可知，士兵仔细倾听内心的声音，做了他想做的事情。所以作者告诉我们在日常的生活中也要去仔细倾听内心的声音，这样你就不会后悔以后没有做这件事。故C选项切题。
【40题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. forget 忘记； B. regret 后悔； C. imagine 想象 ； D. prefer更喜欢。句意：鼓起你所有的勇气，做一些你内心告诉你要做的事情，这样你就不会后悔以后没有做这件事。由故事可知，士兵仔细倾听内心的声音，做了他想做的事情。所以作者告诉我们在日常的生活中也要去仔细倾听内心的声音，这样你就不会后悔以后没有做这件事。故B选项切题。
四
语法填空
Tea is one of the most favored drinks in our life． However， the origin of tea is lost among history ___41___ tales． What can be roughly confirmed is that tea originated in the southwest of China． According to ancient stories， the first person ___42___（ discover） the effects of tea is said to be Shennong - the father of agriculture and herbal medicine in China． It ___43___（ say） that Shennong once tried 72different kinds of poisonous plants in a day and he ___44___（ lie） on the ground， barely alive． At this moment， he noticed several rather fragrant leaves ___45___（drop） from the tree beside him． Out of curiosity and habit， Shennong put the leaves___46___ his mouth and chewed them slowly． After a little while， he felt well and ___47___（ energy） again． So he picked more leaves to eat and thus cleared___48___（he） body from poison．
The ancient Chinese medical book ___49___（ call） Shennong Bencaojing states that"Tea tastes bitter． Drinking it， one can think quicker， sleep less， move more swiftly， and see ___50___ clearly．"This then was the earliest book to record the medicinal effects of tea．
【答案】41. and
42. to discover
43. is said
44. lay 45. dropping
46. into 47. energetic
48. his 49. called
50. more
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了茶的起源。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，茶的起源却在历史和传说中消失了。根据句意，and并列连接history和tales。故填and。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：根据古代传说，第一个发现茶的功效的人据说是神农。“the+序数词+名词”后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填 to discover 。
【43题详解】
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：据说神农曾经一天尝试了72种不同的有毒植物，他躺在地上，几乎没有生命。It is said that“据说”。故填 is said 。
【44题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：据说神农曾经一天尝试了72种不同的有毒植物，他躺在地上，几乎没有生命。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时。故填lay 。
【45题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：这时，他注意到有几片香叶从他旁边的树上掉下来。“notice sb/sth doing sth”注意某人/某物正在做某事。符合句意。故填dropping 。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：出于好奇和习惯，神农把叶子放进嘴里慢慢咀嚼。Put sth into sth“把.放入.里”。故填 into。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：过了一会儿，他觉得身体好多了，精力充沛了。分析句子可知，felt为半系动词后接形容词well和energetic作表语。故填energetic。
【48题详解】
考查代词。句意：于是他又摘了些树叶吃，因此清理了他体内的毒。his为形容词性物主代词后接名词body。故填his 。
【49题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：中国古代医书《神农本草经》称“茶味苦。分析句子可知，The ancient Chinese medical book与call在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填called 。
【50题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：喝茶可以使思维敏捷，醒目提神，体能充沛。由think quicker, sleep less, move more swiftly可知，and 并列连接多个副词比较级修饰的动词。故填 more。
。
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有 10 处 语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词． 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉． 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1． 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2． 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分．
I was admitted to a ordinary school． I feel disappointed at the poorly-equipped classroom， and I found the teachers friendly and considerate． Besides， I was fond of the warm atmosphere in class． I was determining to make the best of it． I worked hard and got along good with my teachers and classmates． Whenever I had difficulties， they were always ready help me out． Soon， I became one of the top student in my class， that made me become confident．
My experience in high school often reminds me that it is not how you are given but how you make use of it that determines on who you are．
【答案】第一处：a→an
第二处:feel→felt
第三处：and→but
第四处：determining→determined
第五处：good→well
第六处：help me 前面加上to
第七处：student→students
第八处：that→which
第九处：how →what
第十处：去掉on
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了自己高中的学习生活以及对高中学习生活的感悟。
【详解】第一处：考查冠词。句意：我被一所普通学校录取了。ordinary首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用an。故a→ an。
第二处：考查一般过去时。句意：我对这个设备简陋的教室感到失望。由上下文语境可知，整篇短文是对过去事情的叙述，所以用一般过去时。故feel→ felt。
第三处：考查连词。句意：但是，我发现老师们很友好，也很体贴。根据句意可知，前后句语意转折。故and→ but。
第四处：考查过去分词。句意：我决定好好利用它。be determined to do sth“下定决心做某事”。故determining→ determined。
第五处：考查副词。句意：我努力学习，与老师和同学相处得很好。well为副词修饰动词短语get along with。故good→ well。
第六处：考查增加词。句意：每当我遇到困难时，他们总是随时准备帮助我。be ready to do sth“准备做某事”。故help me 前面加上to。
第七处：考查名词复数。句意:很快，我就成为班里最优秀的学生之一，这使我变得自信起来。one of 后接名词复数。故student→ students。
第八处：考查关系词。句意:很快，我就成为班里最优秀的学生之一，这使我变得自信起来。分析句子可知，本句涉及非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整个句子，在定语从句中作主语。故that→ which。
第九处：考查连接词。句意:我在高中的经历经常提醒我，决定你是谁的不是你得到了什么，而是你如何利用它。 分析“it is not how you are given”可知，本句为表语从句，what作give的宾语。故how→ what。
第十处：考查删除多余词。句意:我在高中的经历经常提醒我，决定你是谁的不是你得到了什么，而是你如何利用它。determine在本句中为及物动词后直接接宾语。故去掉on。
【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：
一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.
二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语.
分析第九处“it is not how you are given”可知，本句为表语从句，what作give的宾语。故how→ what。
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
52.假定你是李华，你校美国交换生 John 喜欢中国传统文化，你决定邀请他一起参加学校将举办的唐 诗吟诵晚会．请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1． 时间、地点；
2． 晚会目的；
3． 你的希望． 参考词汇：recitation n． 吟诵
注意：1．词数 100 词左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数．
Hi John，
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes，
Li Hua
【答案】Hi John,
I have good news to share with you — that is , in our school hall, this Saturday，there will be a Tang poetry recitation evening party. The party will begin at 8:00 pm，lasting about 2 hours. I know you are fond of traditional Chinese culture, too, especially Tang poetry, which is quite popular in and out of China. Holding this party just aims to appreciate and promote Tang poetry. I believe it will offer you a good chance to learn and experience it more in another way. Remember : 8:00pm, Saturday, our school hall! Look forward to your attendance on time and enjoy yourself .
Best wishes，
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1. 时间、地点；2. 晚会目的；3. 你的希望。第二，人称以第三人称为主，第一，二人称兼用。第三，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为两段。第一段,1. 时间、地点；2. 晚会目的；3. 你的希望。第二段，表达愿望。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语:appreciate, learn, experience，last，8:00pm, Saturday, be fond of , traditional Chinese culture, promote Tang poetry, offer sb sth, share with，Tang poetry recitation, in our school hall.
第四步：确定较为高级的句子:there will be a Tang poetry recitation evening party. The party will begin at 8:00 pm，lasting about 2 hours. I know you are fond of traditional Chinese culture, too, especially Tang poetry, which is quite popular in and out of China. I believe it will offer you a good chance to learn and experience it more in another way.
第五步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式如:there will be a Tang poetry recitation evening party. The party will begin at 8:00 pm，lasting about 2 hours. I know you are fond of traditional Chinese culture, too, especially Tang poetry, which is quite popular in and out of China. I believe it will offer you a good chance to learn and experience it more in another way.
高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
The city of Amsterdam is one of the best preserved in all of Europe． When visiting this remarkable city，you tend to forget your troubles just for a moment． With this travel guide， you will be able to discover the real Amsterdam．
Amsterdam weather and best time to visit
To see the tulip flowers you can visit from mid-April to early May． For the New Year's celebration， there's a lot of partying going on then． However， if you want to enjoy a quieter and more relaxed Amsterdam， visit from October to March．
Getting Around Amsterdam
You can rent a bike to go wherever you want to go． Public transportation is also convenient． You can get a chip card for about ﹩9．
What You Should Know Before Visiting Amsterdam
Plan ahead since most of the attractions are usually busy and be careful with your wallets as the city is well known for pick-pockets． Also be cautious when you are buying something in the markets．
Best of Amsterdam
Rijks museum
This museum is one of the finest in the world． Make sure you arrive before 10 am to avoid big crowds．
Vondel park
If you are looking forward to relaxing and enjoying some peace and quiet， make a trip to this top choice park in the city．
Van Gogh museum
The Van Gogh museum is very fascinating； you will definitely be moved as you see Van Gogh's life and how he developed through art．
A'Dam Tower
If you want to get the inspiring views of Amsterdam， take the lift to the top of this tower． You can also climb aboard the giant four-person swing for some fun rides．
1. In which month can visitors feel at ease more in Amsterdam ？ ______
A. June． B. July．
C. September． D. November．
2. What is the purpose of the part"What you should know before visiting Amsterdam"？ ______
A. Providing help． B. Giving warnings．
C. Explaining situations． D. Expressing disappointment．
3. Where should you go to get a bird's-eye view of Amsterdam？ ______
A. Rijks museum． B. Vondel park．
C. Van Gogh museum． D. A'Dam Tower．
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。短文向游客介绍了去阿姆斯特丹旅游的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由“Amsterdam weather and best time to visit”中的“However, if you want to enjoy a quieter and more relaxed Amsterdam, visit from October to March.”可知，然而，如果你想享受一个更安静，更放松的阿姆斯特丹，旅游应该从十月份到三月份。11月份在10月份到三月份之间。故D选项正确。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。由“What you should know before visiting Amsterdam”中的“Plan ahead since most of the attractions are usually busy and be careful with your wallets as the city is well known for pick-pockets. Also be cautious when you are buying something in the markets. ”提前计划吧，因为大多数景点通常都很忙，而且小心你的钱包，因为这个城市以扒手闻名。在市场上买东西的时候也要小心。可知，这段的目的就给予游客提醒。故B选项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由“If you want to get the inspiring views of Amsterdam, take the lift to the top of this tower. ”可知，如果你想俯瞰阿姆斯特丹的风景，你应该去A’Dam Tower。故D选项正确。
B
Derek Rabelo is not the only surfer to conquer Hawaii's famous Pipeline big-wave break， but while all others use their sight to do it， this young professional surfer must rely only on his other senses． That's because he is completely blind．
When Derek was born about 24 years ago， he got his name from Derek Ho， the first Hawaiian surfing world champion． A surfing enthusiast himself， Emeslo Rabelo dreamed that his son would share the talent of his uncle， a professional surfer． Unfortunately， Derek was born completely blind， but this didn't stop his family from believing that he could do anything he wanted， even if that meant becoming a surfer．
At age 2， Derek received a bodyboard and the beaches of Guarapari， Brazil， became his backyard． He was always comfortable in the water and surfing was in his blood， but he didn't actually try riding a wave until he turned 17， when his father bought him a surfboard． His father taught him the basics and encouraged him to keep practising， but after successfully standing up on the surfboard， Derek knew he needed to become much better if he was going to achieve Emeslo's dream and become a professional surfer． So he joined the Praia do Moroo surf school， where he studied under coach Fabio Maru．
Standing up on a surfboard and conquering small waves is one thing， while gathering the courage to take on Hawaii's board-breaking Pipeline is another． But that was exactly what Derek Rabelo set out to do just months after learning how to surf． Everyone told him it was too dangerous， but he felt he could do it． And he did， earning the praise of famous professional surfers like Kelly Slater and Mick Fanning． Now 24， Rabelo has been surfing the Pipeline every winter since．
4. What makes Dereck Rabelo special as a professional surfer？ ______
A. He is disabled． B. He is talented．
C. He is fortunate． D. He is hard-working．
5. Who is Derek Ho？ ______
A. Derek Rabelo's uncle． B. Derek Rabelo's father．
C. A surf school coach． D. A professional surf trainer．
6. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about Derek Rabelo？ ______
A. His difficulties in surfing．
B. His achievements in surfing．
C. His dream to be a professional surfer．
D. His early life to be a professional surfer．
7. What words can best describe Derek according to the last paragraph？ ______
A. Skillful and proud． B. Brave and confident．
C. Considerate and reliable． D. Careful and strong-willed．
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇人物传记。叙述了盲人小伙德里克.拉贝洛以及他早年学习冲浪的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“ That’s because he is completely blind.”那是因为他完全瞎了。可知，Dereck Rabelo是个残疾人。故A选项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“When Derek was born about 24 years ago, he got his name from Derek Ho, the first Hawaiian surfing world champion. A surfing enthusiast himself, Emeslo Rabelo dreamed that his son would share the talent of his uncle, a professional surfer. ”，他的父亲埃内斯托已经决定给他起个名字，以Derek Ho的名字命名，他是夏威夷第一位冲浪世界冠军。Emeslo Rabelo是一个冲浪爱好者，他梦想着他的儿子能继承他叔叔的天赋，成为一名职业冲浪者。可知，Derek Ho是 Derek Rabelo的叔叔。故A选项正确。
【6题详解】
段落大意题。由第三段的“At age 2, Derek received a bodyboard and the beaches of Guarapari, Brazil, became his backyard.”2岁时，德里克得到了一块俯伏冲浪板，巴西瓜拉巴的海滩成了他的后院。“ but he didn’t actually try riding a wave until he turned 17, when his father bought him a surfboard. His father taught him the basics and encouraged him to keep practising, but after successfully standing up on the surfboard,”但他并没有真正尝试过冲浪，直到17岁，当他的父亲给他买了一个冲浪板。他的父亲教他基础知识，鼓励他继续练习。“So he joined the Praia do Moroo surf school, where he studied under coach Fabio Maru.”所以他加入了普拉亚多莫鲁冲浪学校，在Fabio Maru教练的指导下学习。可知，第三段都在讲述德里克成为专业冲浪手之前的早年生活。故D选项正确。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由最后段“Everyone told him it was too dangerous, but he felt he could do it. And he did, earning the praise of famous professional surfers like Kelly Slater and Mick Fanning. ”每个人都告诉他这太危险了，但他觉得他能做到。他做到了，赢得了像Kelly Slater和Mick Fanning这样的著名职业冲浪者的赞扬。可知，德里克勇敢且自信。故B选项正确。
【点睛】通过对关键词或关键句子的判断能够更快更好地推理出想表达的言外之意。通过对句子“Everyone told him it was too dangerous, but he felt he could do it. And he did,”中的关键词but he felt he could do it.可知，虽然危险但是他做了，说明他勇敢。他感觉他能做，说明他很自信。所以，“勇敢”和“自信”最能描述Derek。故小题4的正确答案为B选项。
C
"Her grades are fine； I'm not worried about that， but she just doesn't seem to love learning any more，"
Alice's mum said．
She's absolutely right． I'd noticed the same thing about her daughter over the previous two or three years when I'd been Alice's middle school teacher， and I have an answer， right there on the tip of my tongue， to what has gone wrong． Yet I'm torn between my responsibility to help Alice and the knowledge that what I have to say is a truth I'm not sure this mother is ready to hear．
The truth for this parent and so many others is this： Her child has sacrificed her natural curiosity and love of learning at the altar of achievement， and it's our fault． Alice's parents， her teachers， society at large - we are all supposed to be blamed in this crime against learning． From her first day of school， we pointed her toward that altar and trained her to measure her progress by means of points， scores， and awards．
We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect（智力）， and that her intellect is more important than her character． We taught her to come home proudly bearing grade As， championship prizes， and college acceptance， and not on purpose， we taught her that we don't really care how she obtains them． We taught her to protect her academic and extracurricular（课外的）perfection at all costs and that it's better to quit when things get challenging rather than risk losing that perfect record． Above all else， we taught her to fear failure． That fear is what has destroyed her love of learning．
8. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that the author ______ ．
A. thinks Alice is right
B. is uncertain of the answer
C. hesitates to express an idea
D. wonders why the mother is worried
9. Which can replace the underlined words"at the altar of"？ ______
A. instead of B. at the risk of
C. at the loss of D. in the interest of
10. What has really made Alice change her attitude to learning？ ______
A. Being slow in study． B. Fear of bad grades．
C. Difficulty in study． D. Press from parents．
11. What is more important for a teenager in the author's opinion？ ______
A. His knowledge． B. His intellect．
C. His character． D. His achievement．
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者是一名老师，介绍了自己的一个学生，成绩很好，但不爱学习，然后分析了原因，是老师，家长，社会用所谓的成就抹杀了孩子的热情和好奇心，最终导致孩子不爱学习。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“I have an answer, right there on the tip of my tongue, to what has gone wrong. Yet I’m torn between my responsibility to help Alice and the knowledge that what I have to say is a truth I’m not sure this mother is ready to hear.”我的答案就在我的嘴边，就是出了什么问题。然而，我在帮助爱丽丝的责任和我必须说的是事实之间左右为难，我不确定这个母亲是否已经准备好聆听了。可知，作者对要表达出自己的看法很犹豫。故C选项正确。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。由第三段“Her child has sacrificed her natural curiosity and love of learning at the altar of achievement”她的孩子为了所谓的成就牺牲了她天生的好奇心和对学习的热爱。可知at the altar of的意思是“为了.”。故D选项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由最后段“That fear is what has destroyed her love of learning.恐惧摧毁了她对学习的热爱”可知，B选项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“Alice’s parents, her teachers, society at large — we are all supposed to be blamed in this crime against learning”以及“ We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect(智力）, and that her intellect is more important than her character”爱丽丝的父母，她的老师，整个社会--我们都应该在这次犯罪中受到谴责。“我们告诉爱丽丝，她的潜力与她的智力息息相关，她的智力比她的性格更重要。”可知，作者在表达我们对孩子的错误教导。所以可以判断出作者认为性格更重要。故C选项正确。
D
The year 3700， Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home． On this planet at least， man is nothing more than a memory - if there is anything left to remember the"wise man"． But what about our wisdom -will any of it survive us？
The conventional answer is no． Knowledge requires a knower， and there will be no knowing minds around then． But if information survives， perhaps in books or hard drives， maybe the knowledge isn't quite dead but dormant （休眠）， ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future．
At first sight， that seems to be reasonable： after all， we have done similar things with past knowledge． For example， we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece， and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics（象形文字）． Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life．
However， the key point is that there is a certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark： we know we are dealing with the legacy （遗赠） of other humans．
Without that link， the survival of objects and raw data doesn't guarantee the survival of knowledge．And a lack of continuity in language with any future intelligence would be a barrier． Knowledge is closely connected with language． When a language dies out， we can lose systems of reasoning that they contain． If that's lost， then it can't be recovered．
All this means that other minds might not be able to fully make human knowledge alive when we are gone． It is better to concentrate on not dying out in the first place．
12. What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1？ ______
A. To present an interesting idea．
B. To state a problem of the future．
C. To inform us of the earth in 3700．
D. To introduce the topic of the text．
13. What do the words"similar things"in Paragraph 3probably refer to？ ______
A. Developing the minds．
B. Remembering the wise man．
C. Making lost wisdom alive again．
D. Learning from the ancient civilization．
14. What plays the key part in getting cultural continuity according to the text？ ______
A. Language． B. Intelligence．
C. Knowledge． D. Information．
15. What can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Can human beings live on？
B. Will our wisdom survive us？
C. How we can protect our culture
D. What the earth will be like in the future
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。一架古希腊计算机在希腊南部海岸附近海域的沉船中被发现，向世人宣告了远古文明曾达到的惊人高度。如果我们不幸灭绝，后来的生命能否从我们的遗物中发现人类智慧的痕迹？
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段可知，3700年，地球极端炎热，人类已不能称其为家园。至少在这颗行星上，人类不过是一段记忆——如果这里还留有任何让人忆起“智人”的事物的话。但我们的智慧呢——会有一部分智慧能比我们存活得更长久吗？所以判断出第一段是为了引出话题，才有了第二段介绍传统看法“知识死亡论”和新看法“知识休眠论”。第三段，说明“知识休眠论”表面的合理性。第四段指出“知识休眠论”的缺陷所在。最后段总结主题得出结论。故D选项正确。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。由第三段“ For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics. Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.例如，我们从一艘在希腊南部海岸附近海域被摧毁的船只上拯救了一台古老的计算机，并成功地找到了埃及象形文字的含义。仔细的工作可以使先前失去的智慧复活。可知，“similar things”指的是“让失去的智慧复活”。故C选项正确。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段“And a lack of continuity in language with any future intelligence would be a barrier. Knowledge is closely connected with language. When a language dies out, we can lose systems of reasoning that they contain. If that’s lost, then it can’t be recovered.”。与未来智慧生命缺少语言连续性也会成为障碍。知识与语言密切相关。当一种语言消亡时，我们就会失去它们所包含的思维体系。如果丢了，就找不到了。可知，语言在维系文化的持续性扮演着重要的作用。故A选项正确。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第二段介绍传统看法“知识死亡论”和新看法“知识休眠论”。第三段，说明“知识休眠论”表面的合理性。第四段指出“知识休眠论”的缺陷所在。最后段总结主题得出结论。这些都是围绕着“如果我们不幸灭绝，后来的生命能否从我们的遗物中发现人类智慧的痕迹？”这个主题展开的。故B选项正确。
【点睛】根据列举的事例猜测词义是解决猜测词义题型的方法之一。通过对列举事例的分析，可以快速地判断出词的意思。小题2要求猜测出“similar things”指的是什么？通过对短文所给出的事例“ For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics. Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.”的分析可知，在沉船上发现了计算机并成功地找到了埃及象形文字的含义。这使得先前失去的智慧复活。短文中we have done similar things with past knowledge.“所以我们对过去的知识做过同样的事”。这里的“similar things”指的就是“让失去的智慧复活”。故C选项正确。所以要把握好事例所要传达的意思，会使词义猜测更容易。
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Four benefits of learning a new language Has learning a new language been sitting on your to-do list for ages？There's no better time than now to think of finally crossing it off．___16___
1． Easier travels
The fabled（传说中的）language barrier is real - as soon as you travel outside tourist areas，understanding others and making yourself understood can be quite the challenge．___17___ In this way you can experience all the riches a foreign country offers．
2． Better work relations
Being able to speak to your clients （委托人） in their preferred language can be of great help for your business relationships．___18___ Indeed， speaking an extra language could earn your salary up to 20 percent．
3． Improved brain function
Learning a new language can develop your thinking abilities and help your mind work better． Studies have even shown that language learning reduces the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease．
4． Increased focus
Language learning shapes your brain into a well-oiled multi-tasking machine． As you build a new mental word list， you'll notice an improvement in your ability to do several things at once and to quickly switch between tasks．___19___
So， start by determining what you want to do -taking a trip， moving to another country or looking for a better job， for instance．___20___ Be open-minded， listen to others and most of all， practice， practice， and practice some more!
A．Just involve yourself in the language．
B．This makes it possible for you to find a good reason．
C．Your overall focus will be sharper and your brain will work better．
D．You should be familiar with the language spoken where you're traveling．
E．Learning a new language is a good way to improve your ability in this field．
F．Here are some benefits of language learning that will convince you to take the leap！
G．It will improve not only your professional reputation but your chances of scoring a raise．
【答案】16. F 17. D
18. G 19. C
20. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了学习一门新语言的几点益处。
【16题详解】
由“1. Easier travels，2. Better work relations，3. Improved brain function， 4. Increased focus”以及小题1的位置。可知，小题1要起到启下的作用。故F选项切题。
【17题详解】
由“In this way you can experience all the riches a foreign country offers.”通过这种方式，你可以体验到一个国家提供的所有有价值的东西。可知，小题2要承接下文，表明你应该怎么做才能体验到一个国家提供的所有有价值的东西。故D选项切题。
【18题详解】
由“Being able to speak to your clients ( 委 托 人) in their preferred language can be of great help for your business relationships.”能够用客户喜欢的语言与他们交谈对你的业务关系有很大的帮助。可知小题3要紧接着说具体的帮助。故G选项切题。
【19题详解】
由“Language learning shapes your brain into a well-oiled multi-tasking machine. As you build a new mental word list, you’ll notice an improvement in your ability to do several things at once and to quickly switch between tasks ”语言学习把你的大脑塑造成一个良好的多任务机器。当你建立一个新的心理词汇表时，你会发现你同时做几件事情的能力有所提高。可知，这两个句子都在介绍语言学习所带来的益处，所以小题4也要介绍语言学习的益处。故C选项切题。
【20题详解】
由So, start by determining what you want to do – taking a trip, moving to another country or looking for a better job, for instance. 所以，首先要确定你想做什么——比如旅行，搬到另一个国家或者寻找一份更好的工作。Be open-minded. listen to others and most of all, practice, practice, and practice some more!思想要开放。听别人的，最重要的是，多练习，多练习！可知，小题5要起到承上启下的作用，既要说明应该要用语言，又要引起下文，来说明用语言的时候应该注意什么。故A选项切题。
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Horror seized the heart of the soldier as he saw his life-long friend fall in the battle． Caught in a trench（壕沟） with ___21___ gunfire whistling over his head， the soldier asked his ___22___ if he might go out into the
"No Man's Land"___23___the trenches to bring his___24___friend back．
"You ___25___ go，"said the captain"，but I don't think it will be worth it． Your friend is probably___26___ and you may throw your own life away．"The captain's words didn't matter， and the soldier ___27___ anyway．
Surprisingly， he___28___ to reach his friend， raised him onto his shoulder， and___29___ him back to their company's trench． As the two of them fell in together to the ___30___ of the trench， the officer___31___ the wounded soldier， and then looked___32___ at his friend．"I told you it wouldn't be worth it，"he said．"Your friend is dead， and your ___33___ is deadly．"
"It was worth it， though， sir，"the soldier said．
"How do you___34___ ‘worth it'？"responded the captain．Your friend is dead!"
"Yes sir，"the soldier answered．"But it was worth it because when I got to him， he was still alive， and I had the___35___ of hearing him say，‘Jim， I knew you'd___36___．'"
Many a time in ___37___， whether a thing is worth doing or not___38___ depends on how you look at it． Take up all your courage and do something your___39___ tells you to do so that you may not ___40___ not doing it later in life．
21. A. dangerous B. distant C. visible D. continuous
22. A. captain B. boss C. soldier D. company
23. A. behind B. before C. between D. among
24. A. worried B. killed C. frightened D. fallen
25. A. can B. must C. will D. shall
26. A. mad B. brave C. dead D. lucky
27. A. heard B. understood C. stopped D. went
28. A. fought B. wished C. managed D. promised
29. A. brought B. dragged C. forced D. pushed
30. A. front B. bottom C. back D. edge
31. A. caught B. greeted C. respected D. checked
32. A. strangely B. angrily C. kindly D. suddenly
33. A. feeling B. thought C. wound D. pain
34. A. mean B. mention C. use D. learn
35. A. pride B. satisfaction C. patience D. experience
36. A. suffer B. come C. survive D. help
37. A. life B. danger C. need D. fact
38. A. hardly B. slightly C. possibly D. really
39. A. leader B. duty C. heart D. purpose
40. A. forget B. regret C. imagine D. pref
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文通过士兵在战争时救战友的故事，告诉我们对一件事无法做出选择时，仔细倾听内心的声音，才能做出无悔的选择。
【21题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. dangerous危险的； B. distant 遥远的； C. visible 看的见的； D. continuous继续的。句意：这名士兵被困在一条战壕中，不断有炮火从他的头顶呼啸而过。由“you may throw your own life away”可知，战争很残酷，炮火不断，随时都有丧命的危险。故D选项切题。
【22题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. captain 队长；B. boss 老板； C. soldier 士兵；D. company连队。句意：他问他的队长是否可以走出战壕，进入战壕之间的“无人地带”。由“said the captain”可知，士兵在问队长。故A选项切题。
【23题详解】
考查介词辨析。A. behind 在.后；B. before在.之前； C. between在之间（两者之间）； D. among在..之间（三者之间）。句意：他问他的队长是否可以走出战壕，进入战壕之间的“无人地带”。“无人地带”处在两个阵地之间。故C选项切题。
【24题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. worried担忧的；B. killed被杀的； C. frightened 害怕的 ； D. fallen倒下的。句意：把倒下的战友带回来。由“ he saw his life-long friend fall in the battle”可知，士兵要把倒下的战友带回来。故D选项切题。
【25题详解】
考查情态动词辨析。A. can能； B. must必须 ； C. will 会 ； D. shall将会。句意：你可以去。根据句意，故A选项切题。
【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. mad 疯的 ； B. must 必须； C. dead 死的 ； D. lucky幸运的。句意：但我认为这不值得。你的朋友可能已经死了。由“Your friend is dead”可知，队长认为他的战友可能死了。故C选项切题。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. heard听； B. understood 理解； C. stopped 停止； D. went走。句意：队长的话没起作用，反正士兵去了“无人地带”。由下文可知，士兵把倒下的战友带回了战壕。可知士兵离开了壕沟，去了“无人地带”。故D选项切题。
【28题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. fought 打仗； B. wished 希望； C. managed管理； D. promised承诺。句意：令人惊讶的是，他成功地找到了他的朋友。manage to do sth“成功做某事” 。由“Surprisingly”可知，C选项切题。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. brought带来； B. dragged 拽； C. forced 强迫； D. pushed推。句意：令人惊讶的是，他成功找到了他的朋友，把他扶到肩膀上，并把他带回了他们连队的战壕。由“ raised him onto his shoulder, and brought him back to their company’s trench. 可知，士兵成功的找到了他的朋友，并把他带回来了。故A选项切题。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. front前部； B. bottom 底部； C. back后部； D. edge边缘。句意：当他们两人一起掉到战壕底部时，军官检查了受伤的士兵。由“fell in ”可知，他们两人一起掉到战壕底部。故B选项切题。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. caught 抓； B. greeted 问候；C. respected尊重 ； D. checked检查。句意：当他们两人一起掉到战壕底部时，军官检查了受伤的士兵。由“ your wound is deadly.”可知，队长检查了士兵的伤口。故D选项切题。
【32题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. strangely奇怪地； B. angrily 生气地； C. kindly善良地； D. suddenly突然地。句意：然后亲切地看着他的朋友。由“Your friend is dead”可知，士兵的朋友已经死了。此时队长对死者是很尊重的，所以队长亲切地看着他的朋友。故C选项切题。
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. feeling感觉；B. thought思考；C. wound 伤口 ； D. pain疼痛。句意：你的朋友死了，你的伤口却是致命的。由“the officer checked the wounded soldier”可知，士兵负伤了且很致命。故C选项切题。
【34题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. mean意味着；B. mention提及 ； C. use使用；D. learn学习。句意：你说的‘值得’是什么意思。根据句意，故A选项切题。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. pride自豪 ； B. satisfaction满意 ； C. patience耐心； D. experience经历。句意：我很满意地听到他说，‘吉姆，我知道你会来的。士兵觉得救他的朋友很值得，当他听的朋友说“吉姆，我知道你会来的”他很满意。故B选项切题。
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. suffer遭受；B. come来； C. survive幸存；D. help帮助。句意：我很满意听到他说，“吉姆，我知道你会来的”。根据句意，B选项切题。
【37题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. life生活 ； B. danger 危险 ； C. need需要 ； D. fact事实。句意：生活中很多时候，一件事是否值得做，真的取决于你如何看待它。由这个故事，作者想到了日常的生活中，人们应该怎么去判断事情是否值得做，从而揭示主题。故A选项切题。
【38题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. hardly 几乎不； B. slightly 轻微地；C. possibly可能地；D. really真正地。句意：生活中很多时候，一件事是否值得做，真的取决于你如何看待它。根据句意，故D选项切题。
【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. leader 领导；B. duty职责 ； C. heart心脏； D. purpose目的。句意：鼓起你所有的勇气，做一些你内心告诉你要做的事情，这样你就不会后悔以后没有做这件事。由故事可知，士兵仔细倾听内心的声音，做了他想做的事情。所以作者告诉我们在日常的生活中也要去仔细倾听内心的声音，这样你就不会后悔以后没有做这件事。故C选项切题。
【40题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. forget 忘记； B. regret 后悔； C. imagine 想象 ； D. prefer更喜欢。句意：鼓起你所有的勇气，做一些你内心告诉你要做的事情，这样你就不会后悔以后没有做这件事。由故事可知，士兵仔细倾听内心的声音，做了他想做的事情。所以作者告诉我们在日常的生活中也要去仔细倾听内心的声音，这样你就不会后悔以后没有做这件事。故B选项切题。
四
语法填空
Tea is one of the most favored drinks in our life． However， the origin of tea is lost among history ___41___ tales． What can be roughly confirmed is that tea originated in the southwest of China． According to ancient stories， the first person ___42___（ discover） the effects of tea is said to be Shennong - the father of agriculture and herbal medicine in China． It ___43___（ say） that Shennong once tried 72different kinds of poisonous plants in a day and he ___44___（ lie） on the ground， barely alive． At this moment， he noticed several rather fragrant leaves ___45___（drop） from the tree beside him． Out of curiosity and habit， Shennong put the leaves___46___ his mouth and chewed them slowly． After a little while， he felt well and ___47___（ energy） again． So he picked more leaves to eat and thus cleared___48___（he） body from poison．
The ancient Chinese medical book ___49___（ call） Shennong Bencaojing states that"Tea tastes bitter． Drinking it， one can think quicker， sleep less， move more swiftly， and see ___50___ clearly．"This then was the earliest book to record the medicinal effects of tea．
【答案】41. and
42. to discover
43. is said
44. lay 45. dropping
46. into 47. energetic
48. his 49. called
50. more
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了茶的起源。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，茶的起源却在历史和传说中消失了。根据句意，and并列连接history和tales。故填and。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：根据古代传说，第一个发现茶的功效的人据说是神农。“the+序数词+名词”后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填 to discover 。
【43题详解】
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：据说神农曾经一天尝试了72种不同的有毒植物，他躺在地上，几乎没有生命。It is said that“据说”。故填 is said 。
【44题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：据说神农曾经一天尝试了72种不同的有毒植物，他躺在地上，几乎没有生命。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时。故填lay 。
【45题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：这时，他注意到有几片香叶从他旁边的树上掉下来。“notice sb/sth doing sth”注意某人/某物正在做某事。符合句意。故填dropping 。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：出于好奇和习惯，神农把叶子放进嘴里慢慢咀嚼。Put sth into sth“把.放入.里”。故填 into。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：过了一会儿，他觉得身体好多了，精力充沛了。分析句子可知，felt为半系动词后接形容词well和energetic作表语。故填energetic。
【48题详解】
考查代词。句意：于是他又摘了些树叶吃，因此清理了他体内的毒。his为形容词性物主代词后接名词body。故填his 。
【49题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：中国古代医书《神农本草经》称“茶味苦。分析句子可知，The ancient Chinese medical book与call在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填called 。
【50题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：喝茶可以使思维敏捷，醒目提神，体能充沛。由think quicker, sleep less, move more swiftly可知，and 并列连接多个副词比较级修饰的动词。故填 more。
。
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有 10 处 语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词． 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉． 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1． 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2． 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分．
I was admitted to a ordinary school． I feel disappointed at the poorly-equipped classroom， and I found the teachers friendly and considerate． Besides， I was fond of the warm atmosphere in class． I was determining to make the best of it． I worked hard and got along good with my teachers and classmates． Whenever I had difficulties， they were always ready help me out． Soon， I became one of the top student in my class， that made me become confident．
My experience in high school often reminds me that it is not how you are given but how you make use of it that determines on who you are．
【答案】第一处：a→an
第二处:feel→felt
第三处：and→but
第四处：determining→determined
第五处：good→well
第六处：help me 前面加上to
第七处：student→students
第八处：that→which
第九处：how →what
第十处：去掉on
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了自己高中的学习生活以及对高中学习生活的感悟。
【详解】第一处：考查冠词。句意：我被一所普通学校录取了。ordinary首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用an。故a→ an。
第二处：考查一般过去时。句意：我对这个设备简陋的教室感到失望。由上下文语境可知，整篇短文是对过去事情的叙述，所以用一般过去时。故feel→ felt。
第三处：考查连词。句意：但是，我发现老师们很友好，也很体贴。根据句意可知，前后句语意转折。故and→ but。
第四处：考查过去分词。句意：我决定好好利用它。be determined to do sth“下定决心做某事”。故determining→ determined。
第五处：考查副词。句意：我努力学习，与老师和同学相处得很好。well为副词修饰动词短语get along with。故good→ well。
第六处：考查增加词。句意：每当我遇到困难时，他们总是随时准备帮助我。be ready to do sth“准备做某事”。故help me 前面加上to。
第七处：考查名词复数。句意:很快，我就成为班里最优秀的学生之一，这使我变得自信起来。one of 后接名词复数。故student→ students。
第八处：考查关系词。句意:很快，我就成为班里最优秀的学生之一，这使我变得自信起来。分析句子可知，本句涉及非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整个句子，在定语从句中作主语。故that→ which。
第九处：考查连接词。句意:我在高中的经历经常提醒我，决定你是谁的不是你得到了什么，而是你如何利用它。 分析“it is not how you are given”可知，本句为表语从句，what作give的宾语。故how→ what。
第十处：考查删除多余词。句意:我在高中的经历经常提醒我，决定你是谁的不是你得到了什么，而是你如何利用它。determine在本句中为及物动词后直接接宾语。故去掉on。
【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：
一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.
二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语.
分析第九处“it is not how you are given”可知，本句为表语从句，what作give的宾语。故how→ what。
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
52.假定你是李华，你校美国交换生 John 喜欢中国传统文化，你决定邀请他一起参加学校将举办的唐 诗吟诵晚会．请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1． 时间、地点；
2． 晚会目的；
3． 你的希望． 参考词汇：recitation n． 吟诵
注意：1．词数 100 词左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数．
Hi John，
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes，
Li Hua
【答案】Hi John,
I have good news to share with you — that is , in our school hall, this Saturday，there will be a Tang poetry recitation evening party. The party will begin at 8:00 pm，lasting about 2 hours. I know you are fond of traditional Chinese culture, too, especially Tang poetry, which is quite popular in and out of China. Holding this party just aims to appreciate and promote Tang poetry. I believe it will offer you a good chance to learn and experience it more in another way. Remember : 8:00pm, Saturday, our school hall! Look forward to your attendance on time and enjoy yourself .
Best wishes，
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1. 时间、地点；2. 晚会目的；3. 你的希望。第二，人称以第三人称为主，第一，二人称兼用。第三，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为两段。第一段,1. 时间、地点；2. 晚会目的；3. 你的希望。第二段，表达愿望。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语:appreciate, learn, experience，last，8:00pm, Saturday, be fond of , traditional Chinese culture, promote Tang poetry, offer sb sth, share with，Tang poetry recitation, in our school hall.
第四步：确定较为高级的句子:there will be a Tang poetry recitation evening party. The party will begin at 8:00 pm，lasting about 2 hours. I know you are fond of traditional Chinese culture, too, especially Tang poetry, which is quite popular in and out of China. I believe it will offer you a good chance to learn and experience it more in another way.
第五步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式如:there will be a Tang poetry recitation evening party. The party will begin at 8:00 pm，lasting about 2 hours. I know you are fond of traditional Chinese culture, too, especially Tang poetry, which is quite popular in and out of China. I believe it will offer you a good chance to learn and experience it more in another way.
高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
相关资料
更多
