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2019届湖南省湘潭市高三上学期第一次模拟检测英语试题（解析版）
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2019届高三第一次模拟考试试卷
英语试题
本试卷时量120分钟，满分150分。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why is the man leaving early?
A. He wants to avoid a traffic jam.
B. He isn’t interested in the movie.
C. He doesn’t know the way to the theater.
2. How did the woman feel just now?
A. Scared. B. Bored. C. Excited.
3. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a shop. B. In a classroom. C. In a kitchen.
4. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 6:30. B. At 6:45. C. At 7:00.
5. Who might Freddy be?
A. The speakers’ son.
B. The speakers’ landlady.
C. The speakers’ pet.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train?
A. It is safer. B. It is faster. C. It is cheaper.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why is the woman upset with the man?
A. He hasn’t been attending class.
B. He didn’t turn in his essay.
C. His essay is too short.
9. How many essays has the man rewritten this year altogether?
A. Three essays. B. Two essays. C. One essay.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Save up for the car.
B. Go to another car dealer.
C. Ask someone to check the car.
11. How will the woman pay for the car?
A. In cash. B. By bank card. C. By cheque.
12. How will the man help the woman?
A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When did the woman last lend the man her car?
A. A year ago. B. Five months ago. C. A couple of days ago.
14. What will the woman do tonight?
A. See a movie. B. See a play. C. Go to the gym.
15. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Roommates. B. Good friends. C. Brother and sister.
16. What does the man promise the woman?
A. He will borrow another car next time.
B. He will return before six o’clock.
C. He will fill up her car with gas.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind of restaurants are the most in the speaker’s hometown?
A. KFCs. B. Chinese restaurants. C. Japanese restaurants.
18. Why does the speaker dislike “all you can eat” restaurants?
A. They are unhealthy.
B. They are too expensive.
C. There isn’t enough food in them.
19. What do most customers of “All you can eat” restaurants look like?
A. Very fat. B. Very tall. C. Very thin.
20. What is the speech mainly about?
A. The speaker’s favourite diet.
B. Restaurants in the speaker’s hometown.
C. Fast food restaurants in America.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The New York See It All Tour is exactly what it sounds like: an all-inclusive guided tour of New York City.
Central Park
One of the most famous parks in the world, Central Park is a man-made wonder. Not only is it the first public park built in America, but it is also one of the most frequently visited parks, with over 25 million guests per year. Set in the middle of busy Manhattan, its grounds serve as a safe harbor, not only for athletes, and musicians but also for lots of migratory birds each year. One can spend an entire peaceful day wandering its grounds, gazing upon nearly 50 fountains, monuments, and sculptures or admiring its 36 bridges.
Hudson River Park
Hudson River Park is a waterside park on the Hudson River that extends from 59th Street south to Battery Park in the New York City district of Manhattan. Bicycle and pedestrian paths, including the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway, span the park north to south, opening up the waterfront for the public to relax. The park includes tennis and soccer fields, children’s playground, dog run, and many other features.
Washington Square Park
Washington Square, located in the heart of Greenwich Village, is a very popular and often crowded square. People from all backgrounds gather to this large square dotted with trees.
Central Park Zoo
The Central Park Zoo is a small 6.5-acre zoo located on Central Park in New York City. The zoo began in the 1860s, making it the first official zoo to open in New York. The zoo was improved in 1934, with the addition of many new buildings ranged in a quadrangle around the sea lion pool. Finally, the zoo was repaired in the mid-1980s and reopened in 1988, replacing the old-fashioned cages with naturalistic environments.
1. Which park is set in the heart of Greenwich Village?
A. Central Park.
B. Hudson River Park.
C. Central Park Zoo.
D. Washington Square Park.
2. What can we learn about Central Park?
A. It is primarily an artificial park.
B. It is the first public park built in the world.
C. It was the most crowded park when first built.
D. It especially attracts pedestrian and artists.
3. When was the first official zoo in New York repaired for the first time?
A. In the 1860s. B. In 1934.
C. In the mid-1980s. D. In 1988.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了纽约市的四个公园，分别为Central Park，Hudson River Park，Washington Square Park以及Central Park Zoo。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。第四段第一句“Washington Square Park, located in the heart of Greenwich Village…”可知Washington Square Park位于Greenwich Village的中心，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第一句“Central Park is a man-made wonder…”可知Central Park主要是一个人造公园。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。第五段第三句“The zoo was improved in 1934, with the addition of many new buildings ranged in a quadrangle around the sea lion pool.”可知动物园得到了改善是在1934年，故选B。
B
Life in the summertime is often full of pests. Like most Long Island homeowners, I want to ensure my suburban life with pest-free living. So it was with wide-eyed wonder that I greeted the smiling exterminator (灭虫者) who rang my bell.
“We’ll be serving your neighbors, Mike and Sarah (I’m not familiar with either one by name),” he waved in the other direction. “Since we’ll have a team here tomorrow, we’re offering a discount.” He came out with numbers beginning from $299 then in seconds to $89.
“You’ve probably been seeing the ant hills around.” he moved toward my front walkway and lawn. “And have you seen the bees that dig nests in the ground?” he continued with his head shaking up and down pushing me to do the same.
“What we do is spray three feet out from your foundation and three feet up.” As he was talking, and without breaking eye contact, he opened his iPad cover and began operating at the screen to show me frightening images. “It also kills other pests, like spiders. It is the best pesticide (杀虫剂),” he said, pausing for effect.
He then went into soft talk to close the deal, correctly foreseeing that I would be concerned about safety and the environmental impact on my vegetable garden, plants and our little patch of planet here on Long Island. “The products are environmentally responsible, safe with children and pets,” he said.
I’m unkind when it comes to unwanted visitors entering on my out-of-doors moments. Any insect found in my house or on my deck is bound to be poisoned or pancaked.
Unfortunately for the exterminator, just as I was considering making an appointment, Billy, my fearless husband, pulled into our driveway, which made me ask for a business card out of politeness instead.
4. How did the author feel at the sight of the exterminator?
A. Frightened. B. Disappointed.
C. Puzzled. D. Surprised.
5. What did the exterminator offer the author if she accepted his service?
A. A discount. B. A group rate.
C. An iPad for free. D. A free pesticide.
6. Why was the author worried about the pesticide?
A. It might cause frightening images.
B. It might harm her family and surroundings.
C. It might be too expensive for her to afford.
D. It might have no effect on unwanted visitors.
7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Billy saw his neighbors cheated by the exterminator.
B. The author is sure to phone the salesman later.
C. The author had planned to buy the pesticide before Billy appeared.
D. Billy made up his mind to purchase the pesticide.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者一次在家遇到上门推销杀虫剂，并差一点购买了杀虫剂的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。第一段最后一句“So it was with wide-eyed surprise that I greeted the smiling exterminator (灭虫者) who rang my bell.”可知作者第一次看到灭虫者很吃惊，故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第一句“ he waved in the other direction. “Since we’ll have a team here tomorrow, we’re offering a discount. ””可知如果作者接受服务，灭虫者会提供一个折扣，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。第五段第一句“He then went into soft talk to close the deal, correctly foreseeing that I would be concerned about safety and the environmental impact on my vegetable garden, plants and our little patch of planet here on Long Island.”可知除虫者正确地预见到作者将会担心我的菜园、植物和我们在长岛的一小块土地的安全以及环境影响。故作者担心杀虫剂会对家人和环境有害，故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段第一句“Unfortunately for the exterminator, just as I was considering buying the pesticide, Billy, my fearless husband,”可知作者的丈夫Billy出现前，她正准备要买杀虫剂，故选C。
C
The origin of “holiday” is easy to see, coming from “holy day”, a day of particular religious significance, often celebrating the life of a saint (圣徒), during which no work was to be done. As far back as the 11th century, “holidays”, especially the major feast days, were times of “celebration and amusement”, as the Oxford English Dictionary puts it.
The number of holidays steadily increased during the Middle Ages, until a medieval Englishman would have had the luxury of 40 to 50 days a year off work, depending on where he lived, in addition to a free day on Sundays.
During the Reformation, Henry VIII abolished most of the holidays partly because of the Protestant (新教徒的) suspicion of saints, but more practically, because, according to historian Eamon Duffy, “A large number of holidays were making the people poor by limiting agriculture.” The people took a different view and organized a protest march—the Pilgrimage of Grace—partly to protect their days off.
Though at first the religious and festive senses of holiday were combined, the word gradually came to be used for any kind of relaxing break from work. As the word was drawing away from a religious society, the number of authorized holidays was reduced, until by 1834 most workers had only four official days off a year, in addition to Sundays. Many factory workers amplified this time by staying home on “Saint Monday” to recover from what they had gotten up to the day before.
By the late 19th century, employers were compromising and offering half-day Saturdays, the beginning of the “weekend”, a term first used in 1879. In 1908, an innovative mill in New England gave its employees all of Saturday off, and the practice spread widely during the Great Depression as a way to keep employment up. It took 400 years, but finally workers could enjoy as many holidays as they had in the 15th century.
8. What was the word “holiday” originally intended for?
A. Economy. B. Religion.
C. Entertainment. D. Politics.
9. What’s the main reason for Henry VIII’s ending most holidays according to Eamon Duffy?
A. His people required a thorough reformation.
B. He didn’t believe in God and the saints.
C. People took no interest in the agriculture due to them.
D. Too many holidays stood in the way of the agriculture.
10. Which can best replace the underlined word “amplified” in paragraph 4?
A. lengthened B. wasted
C. shortened D. guaranteed
11. When did most employees get the whole Saturday off?
A. In 1879. B. In 1908.
C. During the Great Depression. D. In the 15th century.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了“holiday”节日所经历的变革和演变过程。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。第一段第二句“The origin of “holiday” is easy to see, coming from “holy day”, a day of particular religious significance…”可知“holiday”的起源很容易看出，来源于“holy day”，一个具有特殊宗教意义的日子，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。第三段倒数第二句“A large number of holidays were making the people poor by limiting agriculture.”可知Henry VIII废除大部分节日是因为大量的假期限制了农业生产，使人们变得贫穷。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线部分句子“Many factory workers amplified this time by staying home on “Saint Monday” to recover from what they had gotten up to the day before.”句意：许多工厂工人在“圣周一”这天呆在家里，从前一天的劳累中恢复过来，从而延长了这段时间。可知amplified意思为“延长”，故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段倒数第二句“In 1908, an innovative mill in New England gave its employees all of Saturday off, and the practice of their getting the whole Saturday off spread widely during the Great Depression as a way to keep employment up.”可知周六全天休息始于大萧条时期，故选C。
D
The popular wisdom for years has been that drinking in moderation (适度)—that’s one “standard” drink a day for women and two for men-is linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. But recent studies are casting some doubt on that long-held learning. Science now says it depends on your age and drinking habits.
A 2017 study of nearly 2 million British with no cardiovascular risk found that there was still a modest benefit in moderate drinking, especially for women over 55 who drank five drinks a week. Why that age? Alcohol can influence the substance in the blood in positive ways, experts say, and that’s about the age when heart problems begin to occur.
Also, a 2018 study found that drinking more than 100 grams of alcohol per week—equal to roughly seven standard drinks in the United States or five to six glasses of wine in the UK—increases your risk of death from all causes and in turn lowers your life expectancy. Links were found with different forms of cardiovascular disease, with people who drank more than 100 grams per week having a higher risk of stroke, heart failure.
Another 2018 study found that consistently drinking a moderate amount of alcohol, within recommended guidelines, had a protective effect on the heart over time. Unstable drinking habits were associated with a higher risk of heart disease, which the authors reflected might indicate broader lifestyle changes, such as poor health or stress. Former drinkers were also at greater risk.
Overall, however, the latest thinking is that any heart benefit may be outweighed by other health risks, such as high blood pressure, certain cancers and liver damage.
Women who drink are at a higher risk for breast cancer; alcohol contributes about 6% of the overall risk, possibly because it raises certain dangerous hormones in the blood. Drinking can also increase the chance you might develop liver, mouth and oral cancers. One potential reason: Alcohol weakens our immune systems, making us more likely to inflame (发炎)—a driving force behind cancer.
12. Why does moderate drinking benefit women over 55?
A. It helps them live longer than men.
B. It reduces the chance of some heart problems.
C. It destroys the harmful chemicals in their blood.
D. It helps them recover from cardiovascular disease.
13. What can we learn from paragraph 3?
A. Drinking more than 10 grams of alcohol per week is surely harmful.
B. Solid links were found between the disease and the amount of alcohol.
C. The lifespan varies according to amount of consumed alcohol.
D. Seven standard drinks are the recommended amount of drinking in the UK.
14. Who will be at a lower risk according to the 2018 study?
A. Consistent drinkers with lifestyle changes.
B. Unstable drinkers with lifestyle changes.
C. Consistent drinkers within recommended amount of alcohol.
D. Unstable drinkers within recommended amount of alcohol.
15. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Moderate drinking habits benefit the heart.
B. Moderate drinking weakens our immune systems.
C. Moderate drinking can prevent cancer.
D. Moderate drinking does more harm than good to health.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。多年来，人们普遍认为适度饮酒可以降低患心血管疾病的风险。但最近的研究对这种长期坚持的学习方式提出了一些质疑。科学表明，这取决于你的年龄和饮酒习惯。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第一句“A 2017 study of nearly 2 million British with no cardiovascular risk found that there was still a modest benefit in moderate drinking, especially for women over 55 who drank five drinks a week.”可知一项针对近200万没有心血管风险的英国人的研究发现，适度饮酒仍然有一定的好处，尤其是对于55岁以上每周喝5杯酒的女性。故适度饮酒对55岁以上的女性有益因为可以减少一些得心脏问题的机会，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第一句“Also, a 2018 study found that drinking more than 100 grams of alcohol per week—equal to roughly seven standard drinks in the United States or five to six glasses of wine in the UK—surely increases your risk of death from all causes and in turn lowers your life expectancy.”可知研究发现每周饮酒超过100克会增加各种原因导致的死亡风险，进而降低预期寿命。故每周饮酒超过100克肯定是有害的，故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。第四段第一句“Another 2018 study found that consistently drinking moderately, within the recommended amount of alcohol, had a protective effect on the heart over time.”可知长期适度饮酒，在推荐的酒精量内，对心脏有保护作用。故持续饮用推荐量的酒精将降低患心脏病的风险，选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要说明了最近的研究对适度饮酒这种长期坚持的学习方式提出了一些质疑。科学表明，这取决于你的年龄和饮酒习惯。且文章内容主要说明了适度饮酒对身体健康是弊大于利。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The colors that you select create a distinct atmosphere in the room. ___16___
Pick the color for your room and you can create whatever you feel like. The color will also help you to enlarge the space or making it more inviting, which will also make differently all about it.
However, the trick is to select the right version of that particular color. There are different hues (色调) for blues, for instance. ___17___ Here we have presented a guide that will let you gain a deep insight about the colors.
Blue
___18___. For kitchen, bathrooms and bedrooms it is an ideal choice. Of course it is also associated with sadness that means it may not strike note for each and everyone. It is a popular choice among people. Blue comes from the cold side of the color wheel, so it can make the room feel cold, unless and until it is south filling space. If you are attracted to blue color, think of going for purple, or mix red and purple.
Dark blues are best for a living room. Probably it is best reserved for high ceiling space. ___19___
Green
Like blue, green is also a calm shade. ___20___ It is the shade that reflects nature and renewal. Green produces a positive energy without the feeling of overstimulation.
A. Colors can light up the mood of the room.
B. You can use it for a living room or a bedroom.
C. It will make you feel the wall appear near to you.
D. Traditionally, blue is related to calmness and comfort.
E. It is better that you select colors that are warm like blue.
F. They won’t create similar effect and atmosphere generally.
G. But before driving into any decision here’s what you need to know.
【答案】16. G 17. F
18. D 19. C
20. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。我们为自己的房间所选的颜色会对我们的感受产生一定的影响。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The colors that you select create a distinct atmosphere in the room.”可知颜色的选择会在房间里创造了一种独特的氛围。本空指在你做任何决定之前，你需要了解“颜色”的相关知识，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“However, the trick is to select the right version of that particular color. There are different hues (色调) for blues, for instance.”可知颜色有不同的版本，因此会产生不同的效果和氛围，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据标题可知，本段主要讲述“蓝色”带给人的感受，故根据标题Blue可定位到D选项：传统上，蓝色只与平静和舒适有关。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Dark blue is best for a living room. Probably it is best reserved for high ceiling space.”可知本段主要讲“Dark blue”故可定位到C选项：深蓝色会让你觉得墙离你很近。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Green produces a positive energy without the feeling of overstimulation.”可知绿色产生一种积极的能量，没有过度刺激的感觉。故绿色适合客厅和卧室，故选B。
【点睛】七选五做题步骤。先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。
若空格位置设在段首，则需要：1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。
比如小题1，根据上文“The colors that you select create a distinct atmosphere in the room.”可知颜色的选择会在房间里创造了一种独特的氛围。本空指在你做任何决定之前，你需要了解“颜色”的相关知识，故选G。
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Oh, no! You’re moving?” Such was my neighbor’s ___21___ when she saw household items appearing on my lawn and ___22___ my driveway.
“Nope. Just cleaning house!” I called back, smiling.
This yard sale had been the result of six months of ___23___. I had searched every ___24___ and overflowing closet and cupboard—crazy about my seeking to find items to ___25___.
I met loads of ___26___ and friendly people. The Mirror Lady was ___27___ to buy the antique mirror from my first apartment for her daughter’s first apartment; and the Futon Girl, a college sophomore, said my futon (沙发床) and frame were ___28___ for her dorm room.
And how can I ___29___ the Camera Man? Bending absorbedly over the “technology” table, he spotted my husband’s faded ___30___ bag from the early 80s. Zippered compartments (隔包) ___31___ a broken camera and a few old lenses. “Wow!” he said, as he picked it up and made me a(n) ___32___. I asked what he was going to do with it. “It’s just cool—I have a shelf at home for cool ___33___ technology.” So apparently he ___34___ it just so he could look at it. As he walked down the driveway with the dusty bag ___35___ over his shoulder, for a second I ___36___ my journalist husband doing the same, heading out to ___37___ a story. That made me feel ___38___.
All yard sales lasted two days. As hard as it can be to let things ___39___, the true value of those things is to ___40___ you of a place you lived in, a special time in your life, or a loved one in your heart.
21. A. acquisition B. concern C. explanation D. meaning
22. A. picking up B. getting over C. putting up D. taking over
23. A. adaptation B. protection C. preparation D. production
24. A. messy B. bare C. elegant D. tidy
25. A. measure B. present C. serve D. sell
26. A. generous B. conservative C. interesting D. cautious
27. A. thrilled B. tired C. confused D. embarrassed
28. A. famous B. perfect C. vital D. cheap
29. A. blame B. trouble C. worry D. forget
30. A. camera B. hand C. plastic D. tool
31. A. allocate B. approached C. exposed D. withdraw
32. A. appointment B. appeal C. excuse D. offer
33. A. fashionable B. old C. advanced D. portable
34. A. bought B. improved C. donated D. twisted
35. A. disappearing B. hanging C. printing D. winding
36. A. pictured B. appreciated C. stopped D. forgave
37. A. review B. report C. rhyme D. repeat
38. A. lonely B. silly C. good D. hopeful
39. A. gather B. survive C. control D. go
40. A. cheat B. inform C. remind D. warn
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者处理自家物品，这些物品很受欢迎，也对作者也有深刻意义。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她看见我的草坪和道路上堆满了家里的东西的时候，她担忧的问到，你要搬家了吗？ A. acquisition获得；B. concern担忧；C. explanation解释；D. meaning意思。根据本文中Oh, no! You’re moving?可知，邻居很担忧，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她看见我的草坪和道路上堆满了家里的东西的时候，她担忧的问到，你要搬家了吗？A. picking up捡起；B. getting over越过；C. putting up搭建，张贴；D. taking over接管。根据前文可知，作者把物件都搬出来了，放在草坪和道路上，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：庭院售货就是六个月准备的结果。A. adaptation改编；B. protection保护；C. preparation准备；D. production生产。根据前文可知，作者要清理房屋，故有东西要卖，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我找了每个乱糟糟又多余的柜子，疯狂地找可以卖地东西。A. messy乱糟糟的；B. bare赤裸的；C. elegant优雅的；D. tidy整齐的。根据文章可知，作者清理多余的东西，在乱糟糟的柜子寻找，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我找了每个乱糟糟又多余的柜子，疯狂地找可以卖地东西。A. measure测量；B. present赠送；C. serve服务；D. sell卖。根据前文yard sale可知，作者找东西来卖，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我遇到了很多有趣又友好的人。A. generous慷慨的；B. conservative保守的；C. interesting有趣的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据后文可知，作者卖的物品很有意思，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：买镜子的女士很惊讶地买了一柄旧镜子，这把镜子是为她女儿的第一所房子买的，也是我的第一所房子买的。 A. thrilled非常兴奋的；B. tired疲惫的；C. confused疑惑的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据前文可知，作者的东西卖的好，因为刚好是别人需要的，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：买沙发床的女士，是一个大二学生，说我的沙发床和架子很适合她的卧室。A. famous著名的；B. perfect完美的；C. vital至关重要的； D. cheap便宜的。根据前文可知，作者的东西卖的好，因为刚好是别人需要的，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怎么能忘记买相机的男士呢？A. blame责备；B. trouble麻烦；C. worry 担忧；D. forget忘记。根据后文可知，本段讲述买相机的男士的事情，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认出了我的褪色的相机包是20世纪80年代早期出产的。A. camera相机；B. hand手；C. plastic塑料的；D. tool工具。根据文章可知，本句讲述买相机男士的事情，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个拉链的隔包露出一个坏了的相机和几枚镜头。A. allocate分配；B. approached靠近；C. exposed暴露；D. withdraw撤退。根据文章可知，本句描述相机的情况，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他感叹了一声，拿起相机，给我报了一个价格。A. appointment预约；B. appeal吸引力；C. excuse借口；D. offer报价。根据文章可知，该男士买作者的相机，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很棒，我家里有个架子专门放置这些以前很酷的科技产品。A. fashionable时尚的；B. old老的；C. advanced先进的；D. portable便携的。根据文章可知，作者的相机很久了，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了能够看它，他买了这个相机。A. bought买；B. improved提高； C. donated捐赠；D. twisted扭曲。根据文章可知，作者的相机卖了，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从车道离开，肩上挂着相机包。A. disappearing 消失；B. hanging 悬挂；C. printing打印；D. winding蜿蜒。根据文章可知，本句描述相机男离开的模样，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一瞬间，我脑海里勾画出我记者丈夫也做着同样的事情，出发去报道一则新闻。A. pictured勾画；B. appreciated欣赏；C. stopped停止；D. forgave原谅。根据doing the same可知，相机男的行为让作者想起了自己的丈夫，故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一瞬间，我脑海里勾画出我记者丈夫也做着同样的事情，出发去报道一则新闻。A. review复习；B. report报道；C. rhyme节奏；D. repeat重复。根据前文journalist husband可知，作者丈夫是记者，工作是报道新闻，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那让我感觉很好。A. lonely孤独的；B. silly 愚蠢的；C. good好的；D. hopeful有希望的。根据文章可知，作者对于自己的东西能够给人带来好处，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把那些东西处理掉尽管很艰难，这些东西的真正价值在于提醒你生活所在的地方，让你想起生活中一段特别的时间，让你想起你心中爱的人。A. gather聚集； B. survive幸存；C. control控制；D. go去。本句为短语let sth go 处理掉东西，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把那些东西处理掉尽管很艰难，这些东西的真正价值在于提醒你生活所在的地方，让你想起生活中一段特别的时间，让你想起你心中爱的人。A. cheat欺骗；B. inform通知；C. remind提醒；D. warn警告。根据文章可知，作者阐述处理物件给自己带来的意义,故选C。
【点睛】完形填空技巧之利用上下文寻找解题信息
由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题论述，因此在行文中词语的重复、替代、复现和同现现象是不可避免的。根据这个原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现或同现的相关词，考生可以根据这些词之间的有机联系来确定答案。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
例如小题1，根据下文when she saw household items appearing on my lawn and ___2___ my driveway.可知，邻居看到作者把家里的东西都放在草坪和道路上，邻居担心作者要搬家，故可以确定答案concern。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Day After Thanksgiving (Friday) is known as Black Friday. This used to be unofficially or officially the start of holiday shopping season. Almost all stores come out with special early bird offers ___41___ (attract) consumers to their shop. People stand in line hours before the stores are opened, to grab the bargains of the year. In the last few years, we ___42___ (witness) a trend towards bringing those Black Friday Sales online before Friday.
In the last few years (starting from 2013 to be precise), Black Friday Sales have started before Friday—with some stores ___43___ (start) their Black Friday sales on Thanksgiving day or even on Wednesday and Monday. It would not be surprising to see Black Friday sale starting on Monday on the Black Friday week.
The closest reason for ___44___ it is known as Black Friday ___45___ (give) in Wikipedia. Many retailers report some of ___46___ (they) highest profits on Black Friday. The black portion of the name, “Black Friday” relates to businesses recording their ___47___ (lose) in red ink and gains in black. This tradition lives on in modern accounting software.
Deals websites like Dealsofamerica.com started to highlight “Black Friday sales” from 2003 ___48___ then the retailers picked it up. ___49___ (essential), Black Friday is an Internet term. But before it, people used to regard the sales ____50____ “Day after Thanksgiving Sale”.
【答案】41. to attract
42. have witnessed
43. starting
44. which 45. is given
46. their 47. losses / loss
48. and 49. Essentially
50. as
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍黑色星期五的来源。
【41题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：几乎所有的商店都会推出额外的优惠来吸引消费者到他们店消费。分析句子可知，本句不缺乏谓语，attract作目的状语，故用to attract。
【42题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：过去的几年里，我们目睹了把黑色星期五销售迁移到网上的这一趋势。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，由于有In the last few years修饰，故用现在完成时 have witnessed。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，准确地来说，2013年，一些商店在周五之前就开始黑色星期五的销售促销，一些商店在感恩节那天开始，有些甚至周三、周一就开始了。分析句子可知，本部分为with的复合结构，start与其逻辑主语stores为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式starting。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：维基百科上已经给出了作为黑色星期五出名的最可能的原因。分析句子可知，for ___4___ it is known as Black Friday为限制性定语从句修饰先行词reason，介词for后接名词，故用which。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：维基百科上已经给出了作为黑色星期五出名的最可能的原因。分析句子可知，主句缺乏谓语，give 与其主语reason为动宾关系，故用被动语态，故用is given。
【46题详解】
考查代词。句意：在黑色星期五这一天，很多零售商都会报道这一天的最高利润记录。分析句子可知，修饰名词用形容词，故用their。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：至于名字中黑色部分，黑色星期五与商业记录有关系，损失用红笔标记，收入用黑笔标记。分析句子可知，their后接名词，故用loss或者losses。Loss作为概念损失，为不可数名词，作为损失金额为可数名词。
【48题详解】
考查连词。句意：一些商业网站从2003年开始标注黑色星期五的销售数据，从那时起，零售商开始采用这个数据。分析前后句可知，前后句为承接关系，故用连词and。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：基本上来说，黑色星期五是一个网络用语。分析句子可知，修饰句子用副词，故用Essentially。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：但是在这之前，这个数据仅仅是感恩节之后第二天的销售数据。本句为结构regard sth as 把…视作，故用as。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My dog Dino is really an superhero, who helps keep us safely, especially on the roads. Take a look at he did last week. Last Wednesday, Dino saved our neighbor’s boy who run in front of a car to get his ball. People can get very much angry when driving, usually on silly reasons. Last Tuesday, a driver behind us started shouting at my mum when she stopped her car to let several child cross the road. Dino soon made him shut up. Last Friday, Dino saw two girls running a red light but he soon made them changing their minds. Last Sunday Dino caught my dad talking on their mobile phone while my dad was driving. Dino immediately stopped him. What a smarter dog!
【答案】an—a
safely—safe
at后加what
run—ran
去掉much
on—for
child—children
changing—change
their—his/the
smarter--smart
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者的狗狗Dino是一只超级英雄，一直在路上保证我们的安全。
【详解】第一处：考查不定冠词。句意：我家的狗Dino是一个超级英雄，一直在路上保证我们的安全。Superhero为可数名词，同时首字母发音为辅音，故用不定冠词a，把an改为a。
第二处：考查形容词。句意：我家的狗Dino是一个超级英雄，一直在路上保证我们的安全。Keep sb +形容词，故把safely改为safe。
第三处：考查宾语从句。句意：让我们来看看上周他做的事情。分析句子可知，take a look at为及物动词短语，he did last week为宾语从句，但是从句缺乏宾语，故加what。
第四处：考查一般过去时。句意：上周三，Dino拯救了我们邻居家的孩子，当时他冲到车辆前面去拿他的球。分析句子可知，本句讲述上周三的事情，故用一般过去时，把run改为ran。
第五处：考查副词。句意：人们驾车的时候，往往会因为一些很傻的原因而非常生气。修饰angry用very，不用much，故去掉much。
第六处：考查介词。句意：人们驾车的时候，往往会因为一些很傻的原因而非常生气。分析句子可知，因为傻的原因，故把on改为for。
第七处：考查名词复数。句意：当妈妈停车让孩子们先过。分析句子可知，有several修饰，故用可数名词复数，把child改为children。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。句意：上周五，Dino看见两个女孩子闯红灯，他让他们改变了这一行为。本句为make的用法，make sb do sth让某人做某事，而make sb doing sth让某人一直做某事，不符合语境，故把changing改为change。
第九处：考查人称代词或者定冠词。句意：上周日，我爸爸驾车的时候，他发现我爸爸在打电话。本句为短语 on the phone，或者on his phone，故把their改为his 或者the。
第十处：考查形容词。句意：多么聪明的一只狗！分析句子可知，本文没有对比的语境，故不需用比较级，把smarter改为smart。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你上周末是如何度过的，请你给他写一封回信。要点如下：
1.骑共享单车出游；
2.超市购物自助结账；
3.你对科技的感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：self-service checkout 自助结账
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter,
Having received your letter, I’m glad to share with you what I experienced last weekend.
In the morning, in order to go on a green tour, I along with my friend Daming chose to take a shared bike ride to appreciate the scene in our city. Having a little break after lunch, we decided to pick up some snacks around a supermarket nearby. Although there was a long line at the checkout counter, we didn’t have to wait because we could use self-service checkout machine, which was really time-saving. What an amazing experience brought by hi-tech! I do hope you can come to China and experience all of these when you are free.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封关于日常生活的书信。
【详解】根据提示可知，本篇为书信，要求写一封关于日常生活的书信，时态应为一般过去时。关键要点如下：①询问你上周末是如何度过的；②骑共享单车出游；③超市购物自助结账；④对科技的感受。
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：shared bike（共享单车），self-service checkout machine（自助结账机）an amazing experience（惊讶的体验）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合演讲稿的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。
非谓语动词的使用Having a little break after lunch, we decided to pick up some snacks around a supermarket nearby.
非限制性定语从句的使用Although there was a long line at the checkout counter, we didn’t have to wait because we could use self-service checkout machine, which was really time-saving.
英语试题
本试卷时量120分钟，满分150分。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why is the man leaving early?
A. He wants to avoid a traffic jam.
B. He isn’t interested in the movie.
C. He doesn’t know the way to the theater.
2. How did the woman feel just now?
A. Scared. B. Bored. C. Excited.
3. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a shop. B. In a classroom. C. In a kitchen.
4. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 6:30. B. At 6:45. C. At 7:00.
5. Who might Freddy be?
A. The speakers’ son.
B. The speakers’ landlady.
C. The speakers’ pet.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train?
A. It is safer. B. It is faster. C. It is cheaper.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why is the woman upset with the man?
A. He hasn’t been attending class.
B. He didn’t turn in his essay.
C. His essay is too short.
9. How many essays has the man rewritten this year altogether?
A. Three essays. B. Two essays. C. One essay.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Save up for the car.
B. Go to another car dealer.
C. Ask someone to check the car.
11. How will the woman pay for the car?
A. In cash. B. By bank card. C. By cheque.
12. How will the man help the woman?
A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When did the woman last lend the man her car?
A. A year ago. B. Five months ago. C. A couple of days ago.
14. What will the woman do tonight?
A. See a movie. B. See a play. C. Go to the gym.
15. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Roommates. B. Good friends. C. Brother and sister.
16. What does the man promise the woman?
A. He will borrow another car next time.
B. He will return before six o’clock.
C. He will fill up her car with gas.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind of restaurants are the most in the speaker’s hometown?
A. KFCs. B. Chinese restaurants. C. Japanese restaurants.
18. Why does the speaker dislike “all you can eat” restaurants?
A. They are unhealthy.
B. They are too expensive.
C. There isn’t enough food in them.
19. What do most customers of “All you can eat” restaurants look like?
A. Very fat. B. Very tall. C. Very thin.
20. What is the speech mainly about?
A. The speaker’s favourite diet.
B. Restaurants in the speaker’s hometown.
C. Fast food restaurants in America.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The New York See It All Tour is exactly what it sounds like: an all-inclusive guided tour of New York City.
Central Park
One of the most famous parks in the world, Central Park is a man-made wonder. Not only is it the first public park built in America, but it is also one of the most frequently visited parks, with over 25 million guests per year. Set in the middle of busy Manhattan, its grounds serve as a safe harbor, not only for athletes, and musicians but also for lots of migratory birds each year. One can spend an entire peaceful day wandering its grounds, gazing upon nearly 50 fountains, monuments, and sculptures or admiring its 36 bridges.
Hudson River Park
Hudson River Park is a waterside park on the Hudson River that extends from 59th Street south to Battery Park in the New York City district of Manhattan. Bicycle and pedestrian paths, including the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway, span the park north to south, opening up the waterfront for the public to relax. The park includes tennis and soccer fields, children’s playground, dog run, and many other features.
Washington Square Park
Washington Square, located in the heart of Greenwich Village, is a very popular and often crowded square. People from all backgrounds gather to this large square dotted with trees.
Central Park Zoo
The Central Park Zoo is a small 6.5-acre zoo located on Central Park in New York City. The zoo began in the 1860s, making it the first official zoo to open in New York. The zoo was improved in 1934, with the addition of many new buildings ranged in a quadrangle around the sea lion pool. Finally, the zoo was repaired in the mid-1980s and reopened in 1988, replacing the old-fashioned cages with naturalistic environments.
1. Which park is set in the heart of Greenwich Village?
A. Central Park.
B. Hudson River Park.
C. Central Park Zoo.
D. Washington Square Park.
2. What can we learn about Central Park?
A. It is primarily an artificial park.
B. It is the first public park built in the world.
C. It was the most crowded park when first built.
D. It especially attracts pedestrian and artists.
3. When was the first official zoo in New York repaired for the first time?
A. In the 1860s. B. In 1934.
C. In the mid-1980s. D. In 1988.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了纽约市的四个公园，分别为Central Park，Hudson River Park，Washington Square Park以及Central Park Zoo。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。第四段第一句“Washington Square Park, located in the heart of Greenwich Village…”可知Washington Square Park位于Greenwich Village的中心，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第一句“Central Park is a man-made wonder…”可知Central Park主要是一个人造公园。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。第五段第三句“The zoo was improved in 1934, with the addition of many new buildings ranged in a quadrangle around the sea lion pool.”可知动物园得到了改善是在1934年，故选B。
B
Life in the summertime is often full of pests. Like most Long Island homeowners, I want to ensure my suburban life with pest-free living. So it was with wide-eyed wonder that I greeted the smiling exterminator (灭虫者) who rang my bell.
“We’ll be serving your neighbors, Mike and Sarah (I’m not familiar with either one by name),” he waved in the other direction. “Since we’ll have a team here tomorrow, we’re offering a discount.” He came out with numbers beginning from $299 then in seconds to $89.
“You’ve probably been seeing the ant hills around.” he moved toward my front walkway and lawn. “And have you seen the bees that dig nests in the ground?” he continued with his head shaking up and down pushing me to do the same.
“What we do is spray three feet out from your foundation and three feet up.” As he was talking, and without breaking eye contact, he opened his iPad cover and began operating at the screen to show me frightening images. “It also kills other pests, like spiders. It is the best pesticide (杀虫剂),” he said, pausing for effect.
He then went into soft talk to close the deal, correctly foreseeing that I would be concerned about safety and the environmental impact on my vegetable garden, plants and our little patch of planet here on Long Island. “The products are environmentally responsible, safe with children and pets,” he said.
I’m unkind when it comes to unwanted visitors entering on my out-of-doors moments. Any insect found in my house or on my deck is bound to be poisoned or pancaked.
Unfortunately for the exterminator, just as I was considering making an appointment, Billy, my fearless husband, pulled into our driveway, which made me ask for a business card out of politeness instead.
4. How did the author feel at the sight of the exterminator?
A. Frightened. B. Disappointed.
C. Puzzled. D. Surprised.
5. What did the exterminator offer the author if she accepted his service?
A. A discount. B. A group rate.
C. An iPad for free. D. A free pesticide.
6. Why was the author worried about the pesticide?
A. It might cause frightening images.
B. It might harm her family and surroundings.
C. It might be too expensive for her to afford.
D. It might have no effect on unwanted visitors.
7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Billy saw his neighbors cheated by the exterminator.
B. The author is sure to phone the salesman later.
C. The author had planned to buy the pesticide before Billy appeared.
D. Billy made up his mind to purchase the pesticide.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者一次在家遇到上门推销杀虫剂，并差一点购买了杀虫剂的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。第一段最后一句“So it was with wide-eyed surprise that I greeted the smiling exterminator (灭虫者) who rang my bell.”可知作者第一次看到灭虫者很吃惊，故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第一句“ he waved in the other direction. “Since we’ll have a team here tomorrow, we’re offering a discount. ””可知如果作者接受服务，灭虫者会提供一个折扣，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。第五段第一句“He then went into soft talk to close the deal, correctly foreseeing that I would be concerned about safety and the environmental impact on my vegetable garden, plants and our little patch of planet here on Long Island.”可知除虫者正确地预见到作者将会担心我的菜园、植物和我们在长岛的一小块土地的安全以及环境影响。故作者担心杀虫剂会对家人和环境有害，故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段第一句“Unfortunately for the exterminator, just as I was considering buying the pesticide, Billy, my fearless husband,”可知作者的丈夫Billy出现前，她正准备要买杀虫剂，故选C。
C
The origin of “holiday” is easy to see, coming from “holy day”, a day of particular religious significance, often celebrating the life of a saint (圣徒), during which no work was to be done. As far back as the 11th century, “holidays”, especially the major feast days, were times of “celebration and amusement”, as the Oxford English Dictionary puts it.
The number of holidays steadily increased during the Middle Ages, until a medieval Englishman would have had the luxury of 40 to 50 days a year off work, depending on where he lived, in addition to a free day on Sundays.
During the Reformation, Henry VIII abolished most of the holidays partly because of the Protestant (新教徒的) suspicion of saints, but more practically, because, according to historian Eamon Duffy, “A large number of holidays were making the people poor by limiting agriculture.” The people took a different view and organized a protest march—the Pilgrimage of Grace—partly to protect their days off.
Though at first the religious and festive senses of holiday were combined, the word gradually came to be used for any kind of relaxing break from work. As the word was drawing away from a religious society, the number of authorized holidays was reduced, until by 1834 most workers had only four official days off a year, in addition to Sundays. Many factory workers amplified this time by staying home on “Saint Monday” to recover from what they had gotten up to the day before.
By the late 19th century, employers were compromising and offering half-day Saturdays, the beginning of the “weekend”, a term first used in 1879. In 1908, an innovative mill in New England gave its employees all of Saturday off, and the practice spread widely during the Great Depression as a way to keep employment up. It took 400 years, but finally workers could enjoy as many holidays as they had in the 15th century.
8. What was the word “holiday” originally intended for?
A. Economy. B. Religion.
C. Entertainment. D. Politics.
9. What’s the main reason for Henry VIII’s ending most holidays according to Eamon Duffy?
A. His people required a thorough reformation.
B. He didn’t believe in God and the saints.
C. People took no interest in the agriculture due to them.
D. Too many holidays stood in the way of the agriculture.
10. Which can best replace the underlined word “amplified” in paragraph 4?
A. lengthened B. wasted
C. shortened D. guaranteed
11. When did most employees get the whole Saturday off?
A. In 1879. B. In 1908.
C. During the Great Depression. D. In the 15th century.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了“holiday”节日所经历的变革和演变过程。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。第一段第二句“The origin of “holiday” is easy to see, coming from “holy day”, a day of particular religious significance…”可知“holiday”的起源很容易看出，来源于“holy day”，一个具有特殊宗教意义的日子，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。第三段倒数第二句“A large number of holidays were making the people poor by limiting agriculture.”可知Henry VIII废除大部分节日是因为大量的假期限制了农业生产，使人们变得贫穷。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线部分句子“Many factory workers amplified this time by staying home on “Saint Monday” to recover from what they had gotten up to the day before.”句意：许多工厂工人在“圣周一”这天呆在家里，从前一天的劳累中恢复过来，从而延长了这段时间。可知amplified意思为“延长”，故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段倒数第二句“In 1908, an innovative mill in New England gave its employees all of Saturday off, and the practice of their getting the whole Saturday off spread widely during the Great Depression as a way to keep employment up.”可知周六全天休息始于大萧条时期，故选C。
D
The popular wisdom for years has been that drinking in moderation (适度)—that’s one “standard” drink a day for women and two for men-is linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. But recent studies are casting some doubt on that long-held learning. Science now says it depends on your age and drinking habits.
A 2017 study of nearly 2 million British with no cardiovascular risk found that there was still a modest benefit in moderate drinking, especially for women over 55 who drank five drinks a week. Why that age? Alcohol can influence the substance in the blood in positive ways, experts say, and that’s about the age when heart problems begin to occur.
Also, a 2018 study found that drinking more than 100 grams of alcohol per week—equal to roughly seven standard drinks in the United States or five to six glasses of wine in the UK—increases your risk of death from all causes and in turn lowers your life expectancy. Links were found with different forms of cardiovascular disease, with people who drank more than 100 grams per week having a higher risk of stroke, heart failure.
Another 2018 study found that consistently drinking a moderate amount of alcohol, within recommended guidelines, had a protective effect on the heart over time. Unstable drinking habits were associated with a higher risk of heart disease, which the authors reflected might indicate broader lifestyle changes, such as poor health or stress. Former drinkers were also at greater risk.
Overall, however, the latest thinking is that any heart benefit may be outweighed by other health risks, such as high blood pressure, certain cancers and liver damage.
Women who drink are at a higher risk for breast cancer; alcohol contributes about 6% of the overall risk, possibly because it raises certain dangerous hormones in the blood. Drinking can also increase the chance you might develop liver, mouth and oral cancers. One potential reason: Alcohol weakens our immune systems, making us more likely to inflame (发炎)—a driving force behind cancer.
12. Why does moderate drinking benefit women over 55?
A. It helps them live longer than men.
B. It reduces the chance of some heart problems.
C. It destroys the harmful chemicals in their blood.
D. It helps them recover from cardiovascular disease.
13. What can we learn from paragraph 3?
A. Drinking more than 10 grams of alcohol per week is surely harmful.
B. Solid links were found between the disease and the amount of alcohol.
C. The lifespan varies according to amount of consumed alcohol.
D. Seven standard drinks are the recommended amount of drinking in the UK.
14. Who will be at a lower risk according to the 2018 study?
A. Consistent drinkers with lifestyle changes.
B. Unstable drinkers with lifestyle changes.
C. Consistent drinkers within recommended amount of alcohol.
D. Unstable drinkers within recommended amount of alcohol.
15. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Moderate drinking habits benefit the heart.
B. Moderate drinking weakens our immune systems.
C. Moderate drinking can prevent cancer.
D. Moderate drinking does more harm than good to health.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。多年来，人们普遍认为适度饮酒可以降低患心血管疾病的风险。但最近的研究对这种长期坚持的学习方式提出了一些质疑。科学表明，这取决于你的年龄和饮酒习惯。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。第二段第一句“A 2017 study of nearly 2 million British with no cardiovascular risk found that there was still a modest benefit in moderate drinking, especially for women over 55 who drank five drinks a week.”可知一项针对近200万没有心血管风险的英国人的研究发现，适度饮酒仍然有一定的好处，尤其是对于55岁以上每周喝5杯酒的女性。故适度饮酒对55岁以上的女性有益因为可以减少一些得心脏问题的机会，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第一句“Also, a 2018 study found that drinking more than 100 grams of alcohol per week—equal to roughly seven standard drinks in the United States or five to six glasses of wine in the UK—surely increases your risk of death from all causes and in turn lowers your life expectancy.”可知研究发现每周饮酒超过100克会增加各种原因导致的死亡风险，进而降低预期寿命。故每周饮酒超过100克肯定是有害的，故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。第四段第一句“Another 2018 study found that consistently drinking moderately, within the recommended amount of alcohol, had a protective effect on the heart over time.”可知长期适度饮酒，在推荐的酒精量内，对心脏有保护作用。故持续饮用推荐量的酒精将降低患心脏病的风险，选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要说明了最近的研究对适度饮酒这种长期坚持的学习方式提出了一些质疑。科学表明，这取决于你的年龄和饮酒习惯。且文章内容主要说明了适度饮酒对身体健康是弊大于利。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The colors that you select create a distinct atmosphere in the room. ___16___
Pick the color for your room and you can create whatever you feel like. The color will also help you to enlarge the space or making it more inviting, which will also make differently all about it.
However, the trick is to select the right version of that particular color. There are different hues (色调) for blues, for instance. ___17___ Here we have presented a guide that will let you gain a deep insight about the colors.
Blue
___18___. For kitchen, bathrooms and bedrooms it is an ideal choice. Of course it is also associated with sadness that means it may not strike note for each and everyone. It is a popular choice among people. Blue comes from the cold side of the color wheel, so it can make the room feel cold, unless and until it is south filling space. If you are attracted to blue color, think of going for purple, or mix red and purple.
Dark blues are best for a living room. Probably it is best reserved for high ceiling space. ___19___
Green
Like blue, green is also a calm shade. ___20___ It is the shade that reflects nature and renewal. Green produces a positive energy without the feeling of overstimulation.
A. Colors can light up the mood of the room.
B. You can use it for a living room or a bedroom.
C. It will make you feel the wall appear near to you.
D. Traditionally, blue is related to calmness and comfort.
E. It is better that you select colors that are warm like blue.
F. They won’t create similar effect and atmosphere generally.
G. But before driving into any decision here’s what you need to know.
【答案】16. G 17. F
18. D 19. C
20. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。我们为自己的房间所选的颜色会对我们的感受产生一定的影响。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The colors that you select create a distinct atmosphere in the room.”可知颜色的选择会在房间里创造了一种独特的氛围。本空指在你做任何决定之前，你需要了解“颜色”的相关知识，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“However, the trick is to select the right version of that particular color. There are different hues (色调) for blues, for instance.”可知颜色有不同的版本，因此会产生不同的效果和氛围，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据标题可知，本段主要讲述“蓝色”带给人的感受，故根据标题Blue可定位到D选项：传统上，蓝色只与平静和舒适有关。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Dark blue is best for a living room. Probably it is best reserved for high ceiling space.”可知本段主要讲“Dark blue”故可定位到C选项：深蓝色会让你觉得墙离你很近。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Green produces a positive energy without the feeling of overstimulation.”可知绿色产生一种积极的能量，没有过度刺激的感觉。故绿色适合客厅和卧室，故选B。
【点睛】七选五做题步骤。先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。
若空格位置设在段首，则需要：1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。
比如小题1，根据上文“The colors that you select create a distinct atmosphere in the room.”可知颜色的选择会在房间里创造了一种独特的氛围。本空指在你做任何决定之前，你需要了解“颜色”的相关知识，故选G。
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Oh, no! You’re moving?” Such was my neighbor’s ___21___ when she saw household items appearing on my lawn and ___22___ my driveway.
“Nope. Just cleaning house!” I called back, smiling.
This yard sale had been the result of six months of ___23___. I had searched every ___24___ and overflowing closet and cupboard—crazy about my seeking to find items to ___25___.
I met loads of ___26___ and friendly people. The Mirror Lady was ___27___ to buy the antique mirror from my first apartment for her daughter’s first apartment; and the Futon Girl, a college sophomore, said my futon (沙发床) and frame were ___28___ for her dorm room.
And how can I ___29___ the Camera Man? Bending absorbedly over the “technology” table, he spotted my husband’s faded ___30___ bag from the early 80s. Zippered compartments (隔包) ___31___ a broken camera and a few old lenses. “Wow!” he said, as he picked it up and made me a(n) ___32___. I asked what he was going to do with it. “It’s just cool—I have a shelf at home for cool ___33___ technology.” So apparently he ___34___ it just so he could look at it. As he walked down the driveway with the dusty bag ___35___ over his shoulder, for a second I ___36___ my journalist husband doing the same, heading out to ___37___ a story. That made me feel ___38___.
All yard sales lasted two days. As hard as it can be to let things ___39___, the true value of those things is to ___40___ you of a place you lived in, a special time in your life, or a loved one in your heart.
21. A. acquisition B. concern C. explanation D. meaning
22. A. picking up B. getting over C. putting up D. taking over
23. A. adaptation B. protection C. preparation D. production
24. A. messy B. bare C. elegant D. tidy
25. A. measure B. present C. serve D. sell
26. A. generous B. conservative C. interesting D. cautious
27. A. thrilled B. tired C. confused D. embarrassed
28. A. famous B. perfect C. vital D. cheap
29. A. blame B. trouble C. worry D. forget
30. A. camera B. hand C. plastic D. tool
31. A. allocate B. approached C. exposed D. withdraw
32. A. appointment B. appeal C. excuse D. offer
33. A. fashionable B. old C. advanced D. portable
34. A. bought B. improved C. donated D. twisted
35. A. disappearing B. hanging C. printing D. winding
36. A. pictured B. appreciated C. stopped D. forgave
37. A. review B. report C. rhyme D. repeat
38. A. lonely B. silly C. good D. hopeful
39. A. gather B. survive C. control D. go
40. A. cheat B. inform C. remind D. warn
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者处理自家物品，这些物品很受欢迎，也对作者也有深刻意义。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她看见我的草坪和道路上堆满了家里的东西的时候，她担忧的问到，你要搬家了吗？ A. acquisition获得；B. concern担忧；C. explanation解释；D. meaning意思。根据本文中Oh, no! You’re moving?可知，邻居很担忧，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她看见我的草坪和道路上堆满了家里的东西的时候，她担忧的问到，你要搬家了吗？A. picking up捡起；B. getting over越过；C. putting up搭建，张贴；D. taking over接管。根据前文可知，作者把物件都搬出来了，放在草坪和道路上，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：庭院售货就是六个月准备的结果。A. adaptation改编；B. protection保护；C. preparation准备；D. production生产。根据前文可知，作者要清理房屋，故有东西要卖，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我找了每个乱糟糟又多余的柜子，疯狂地找可以卖地东西。A. messy乱糟糟的；B. bare赤裸的；C. elegant优雅的；D. tidy整齐的。根据文章可知，作者清理多余的东西，在乱糟糟的柜子寻找，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我找了每个乱糟糟又多余的柜子，疯狂地找可以卖地东西。A. measure测量；B. present赠送；C. serve服务；D. sell卖。根据前文yard sale可知，作者找东西来卖，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我遇到了很多有趣又友好的人。A. generous慷慨的；B. conservative保守的；C. interesting有趣的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据后文可知，作者卖的物品很有意思，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：买镜子的女士很惊讶地买了一柄旧镜子，这把镜子是为她女儿的第一所房子买的，也是我的第一所房子买的。 A. thrilled非常兴奋的；B. tired疲惫的；C. confused疑惑的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据前文可知，作者的东西卖的好，因为刚好是别人需要的，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：买沙发床的女士，是一个大二学生，说我的沙发床和架子很适合她的卧室。A. famous著名的；B. perfect完美的；C. vital至关重要的； D. cheap便宜的。根据前文可知，作者的东西卖的好，因为刚好是别人需要的，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我怎么能忘记买相机的男士呢？A. blame责备；B. trouble麻烦；C. worry 担忧；D. forget忘记。根据后文可知，本段讲述买相机的男士的事情，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认出了我的褪色的相机包是20世纪80年代早期出产的。A. camera相机；B. hand手；C. plastic塑料的；D. tool工具。根据文章可知，本句讲述买相机男士的事情，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个拉链的隔包露出一个坏了的相机和几枚镜头。A. allocate分配；B. approached靠近；C. exposed暴露；D. withdraw撤退。根据文章可知，本句描述相机的情况，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他感叹了一声，拿起相机，给我报了一个价格。A. appointment预约；B. appeal吸引力；C. excuse借口；D. offer报价。根据文章可知，该男士买作者的相机，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很棒，我家里有个架子专门放置这些以前很酷的科技产品。A. fashionable时尚的；B. old老的；C. advanced先进的；D. portable便携的。根据文章可知，作者的相机很久了，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了能够看它，他买了这个相机。A. bought买；B. improved提高； C. donated捐赠；D. twisted扭曲。根据文章可知，作者的相机卖了，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从车道离开，肩上挂着相机包。A. disappearing 消失；B. hanging 悬挂；C. printing打印；D. winding蜿蜒。根据文章可知，本句描述相机男离开的模样，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一瞬间，我脑海里勾画出我记者丈夫也做着同样的事情，出发去报道一则新闻。A. pictured勾画；B. appreciated欣赏；C. stopped停止；D. forgave原谅。根据doing the same可知，相机男的行为让作者想起了自己的丈夫，故选A。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一瞬间，我脑海里勾画出我记者丈夫也做着同样的事情，出发去报道一则新闻。A. review复习；B. report报道；C. rhyme节奏；D. repeat重复。根据前文journalist husband可知，作者丈夫是记者，工作是报道新闻，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那让我感觉很好。A. lonely孤独的；B. silly 愚蠢的；C. good好的；D. hopeful有希望的。根据文章可知，作者对于自己的东西能够给人带来好处，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把那些东西处理掉尽管很艰难，这些东西的真正价值在于提醒你生活所在的地方，让你想起生活中一段特别的时间，让你想起你心中爱的人。A. gather聚集； B. survive幸存；C. control控制；D. go去。本句为短语let sth go 处理掉东西，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把那些东西处理掉尽管很艰难，这些东西的真正价值在于提醒你生活所在的地方，让你想起生活中一段特别的时间，让你想起你心中爱的人。A. cheat欺骗；B. inform通知；C. remind提醒；D. warn警告。根据文章可知，作者阐述处理物件给自己带来的意义,故选C。
【点睛】完形填空技巧之利用上下文寻找解题信息
由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题论述，因此在行文中词语的重复、替代、复现和同现现象是不可避免的。根据这个原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现或同现的相关词，考生可以根据这些词之间的有机联系来确定答案。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
例如小题1，根据下文when she saw household items appearing on my lawn and ___2___ my driveway.可知，邻居看到作者把家里的东西都放在草坪和道路上，邻居担心作者要搬家，故可以确定答案concern。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Day After Thanksgiving (Friday) is known as Black Friday. This used to be unofficially or officially the start of holiday shopping season. Almost all stores come out with special early bird offers ___41___ (attract) consumers to their shop. People stand in line hours before the stores are opened, to grab the bargains of the year. In the last few years, we ___42___ (witness) a trend towards bringing those Black Friday Sales online before Friday.
In the last few years (starting from 2013 to be precise), Black Friday Sales have started before Friday—with some stores ___43___ (start) their Black Friday sales on Thanksgiving day or even on Wednesday and Monday. It would not be surprising to see Black Friday sale starting on Monday on the Black Friday week.
The closest reason for ___44___ it is known as Black Friday ___45___ (give) in Wikipedia. Many retailers report some of ___46___ (they) highest profits on Black Friday. The black portion of the name, “Black Friday” relates to businesses recording their ___47___ (lose) in red ink and gains in black. This tradition lives on in modern accounting software.
Deals websites like Dealsofamerica.com started to highlight “Black Friday sales” from 2003 ___48___ then the retailers picked it up. ___49___ (essential), Black Friday is an Internet term. But before it, people used to regard the sales ____50____ “Day after Thanksgiving Sale”.
【答案】41. to attract
42. have witnessed
43. starting
44. which 45. is given
46. their 47. losses / loss
48. and 49. Essentially
50. as
【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍黑色星期五的来源。
【41题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：几乎所有的商店都会推出额外的优惠来吸引消费者到他们店消费。分析句子可知，本句不缺乏谓语，attract作目的状语，故用to attract。
【42题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：过去的几年里，我们目睹了把黑色星期五销售迁移到网上的这一趋势。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，由于有In the last few years修饰，故用现在完成时 have witnessed。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，准确地来说，2013年，一些商店在周五之前就开始黑色星期五的销售促销，一些商店在感恩节那天开始，有些甚至周三、周一就开始了。分析句子可知，本部分为with的复合结构，start与其逻辑主语stores为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式starting。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：维基百科上已经给出了作为黑色星期五出名的最可能的原因。分析句子可知，for ___4___ it is known as Black Friday为限制性定语从句修饰先行词reason，介词for后接名词，故用which。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：维基百科上已经给出了作为黑色星期五出名的最可能的原因。分析句子可知，主句缺乏谓语，give 与其主语reason为动宾关系，故用被动语态，故用is given。
【46题详解】
考查代词。句意：在黑色星期五这一天，很多零售商都会报道这一天的最高利润记录。分析句子可知，修饰名词用形容词，故用their。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：至于名字中黑色部分，黑色星期五与商业记录有关系，损失用红笔标记，收入用黑笔标记。分析句子可知，their后接名词，故用loss或者losses。Loss作为概念损失，为不可数名词，作为损失金额为可数名词。
【48题详解】
考查连词。句意：一些商业网站从2003年开始标注黑色星期五的销售数据，从那时起，零售商开始采用这个数据。分析前后句可知，前后句为承接关系，故用连词and。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：基本上来说，黑色星期五是一个网络用语。分析句子可知，修饰句子用副词，故用Essentially。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：但是在这之前，这个数据仅仅是感恩节之后第二天的销售数据。本句为结构regard sth as 把…视作，故用as。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My dog Dino is really an superhero, who helps keep us safely, especially on the roads. Take a look at he did last week. Last Wednesday, Dino saved our neighbor’s boy who run in front of a car to get his ball. People can get very much angry when driving, usually on silly reasons. Last Tuesday, a driver behind us started shouting at my mum when she stopped her car to let several child cross the road. Dino soon made him shut up. Last Friday, Dino saw two girls running a red light but he soon made them changing their minds. Last Sunday Dino caught my dad talking on their mobile phone while my dad was driving. Dino immediately stopped him. What a smarter dog!
【答案】an—a
safely—safe
at后加what
run—ran
去掉much
on—for
child—children
changing—change
their—his/the
smarter--smart
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者的狗狗Dino是一只超级英雄，一直在路上保证我们的安全。
【详解】第一处：考查不定冠词。句意：我家的狗Dino是一个超级英雄，一直在路上保证我们的安全。Superhero为可数名词，同时首字母发音为辅音，故用不定冠词a，把an改为a。
第二处：考查形容词。句意：我家的狗Dino是一个超级英雄，一直在路上保证我们的安全。Keep sb +形容词，故把safely改为safe。
第三处：考查宾语从句。句意：让我们来看看上周他做的事情。分析句子可知，take a look at为及物动词短语，he did last week为宾语从句，但是从句缺乏宾语，故加what。
第四处：考查一般过去时。句意：上周三，Dino拯救了我们邻居家的孩子，当时他冲到车辆前面去拿他的球。分析句子可知，本句讲述上周三的事情，故用一般过去时，把run改为ran。
第五处：考查副词。句意：人们驾车的时候，往往会因为一些很傻的原因而非常生气。修饰angry用very，不用much，故去掉much。
第六处：考查介词。句意：人们驾车的时候，往往会因为一些很傻的原因而非常生气。分析句子可知，因为傻的原因，故把on改为for。
第七处：考查名词复数。句意：当妈妈停车让孩子们先过。分析句子可知，有several修饰，故用可数名词复数，把child改为children。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。句意：上周五，Dino看见两个女孩子闯红灯，他让他们改变了这一行为。本句为make的用法，make sb do sth让某人做某事，而make sb doing sth让某人一直做某事，不符合语境，故把changing改为change。
第九处：考查人称代词或者定冠词。句意：上周日，我爸爸驾车的时候，他发现我爸爸在打电话。本句为短语 on the phone，或者on his phone，故把their改为his 或者the。
第十处：考查形容词。句意：多么聪明的一只狗！分析句子可知，本文没有对比的语境，故不需用比较级，把smarter改为smart。
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你上周末是如何度过的，请你给他写一封回信。要点如下：
1.骑共享单车出游；
2.超市购物自助结账；
3.你对科技的感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：self-service checkout 自助结账
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter,
Having received your letter, I’m glad to share with you what I experienced last weekend.
In the morning, in order to go on a green tour, I along with my friend Daming chose to take a shared bike ride to appreciate the scene in our city. Having a little break after lunch, we decided to pick up some snacks around a supermarket nearby. Although there was a long line at the checkout counter, we didn’t have to wait because we could use self-service checkout machine, which was really time-saving. What an amazing experience brought by hi-tech! I do hope you can come to China and experience all of these when you are free.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封关于日常生活的书信。
【详解】根据提示可知，本篇为书信，要求写一封关于日常生活的书信，时态应为一般过去时。关键要点如下：①询问你上周末是如何度过的；②骑共享单车出游；③超市购物自助结账；④对科技的感受。
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：shared bike（共享单车），self-service checkout machine（自助结账机）an amazing experience（惊讶的体验）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合演讲稿的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。
非谓语动词的使用Having a little break after lunch, we decided to pick up some snacks around a supermarket nearby.
非限制性定语从句的使用Although there was a long line at the checkout counter, we didn’t have to wait because we could use self-service checkout machine, which was really time-saving.
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