2019届湖南省衡阳市高三下学期第一次联考（一摸）英语试题（解析版）

衡阳市2019届高三毕业班联考(一)
英语
注意事项:
1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。
3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What does the man mean?
A. He failed the exam B. He studied very hard C. The exam was too easy
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
W: How was your maths exam, Michael?
M: Emm. If I had studied a little harder, I would be smiling right now.
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
2.
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife B. Waiter and customer C. Doctor and patient
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: What seems to be the matter, young man?
M: I’ve got a cold for a few days.
W: Are you eating normally?
M: No. I just had a glass of water from morning till now.
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
3.
How much at least does one shirt cost today?
A. ＄60 B. ＄40 C. ＄30.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
M: How much are these shirts? The tag price is 50 dollars?
W: The regular price is 40 dollars each, but you can have two of them on sale today for 60 dollars.
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
4.
Why did the woman decide to use a bike?
A. To protect the environment. B. To pay her tuition C. To improve her health
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: Great to see you on your bike!
W: Well, it’s not for the polluted air as you think. I’ve put the car up for sale to afford the school fees. But I’m so tired after riding.
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
5.
What does the man think about Jennifer?
A. She is like many other people B. She always keeps her word C. She is tougher than men
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
W: I really admire Jennifer, not because she’s a woman in the tough, male world of international politics, but because she’s so honest.
M: Yeah. Certainly, there aren’t many people as true to their words as she is.
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
第二节(共15小題:每小题1.5分、满分2.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有儿个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. A festival B. A trip C. Some resorts
7. What does the man suggest doing in the end?
A. Visiting places of interest
B. Getting information from the Internet.
C. Checking the schedule first
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
M: Hi, Angela. What’s up?
W: We are planning to visit Zhangjiakou this February. Why don’t you join us?
M: Certainly I will if I don’t have anything else on my schedule.
W: Is the Spring Festival OK for you?
M: Of course. Which places are you going to visit?
W: We want to visit some ski resorts and other places of interest there. You know, Zhangjiakou is one of the host cities for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
M: In that case, we should check information online and make a thorough plan for the trip.
【6题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【7题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8. Where did the woman lose her suitcase?
A. On the train B. At the ladies ' room C. At the cafe
9. What information did the man ask about the woman?
A. The size and producer of her suitcase
B. Her name and her address.
C. Her ID card number and her name tag.
【答案】8. C 9. B
【解析】
M: What’s the matter with you, Madam? You look pale and anxious.
W: Jesus, I lost my suitcase just now.
M: Take it easy. Would you please tell me more details? I will try to help you.
W: Thank you, Officer. After getting out of the ladies’ room, I went to the cafe and left my suitcase under the table. Then I read some newspapers while I was waiting for the train. When I finished reading, I found my suitcase missing.
M: What kind of suitcase did you miss? Can you describe it for me?
W: A small blue leather case, with my name tag on the top and my ID card inside.
M: I feel sorry to hear that. Will you please fill in the form and leave your name and your address here? We will try our best to find the suitcase for you.
【8题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【9题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

10. What does the man say about the conference?
A. Not all the speakers were active B. Some of the topics were boring. C. It was well organized
11. Why does the man think having fewer people made a big difference?
A. They had enough time for all the speakers
B. They could make decisions more rapidly
C. They could save more money
12. What did people complain about?
A. The service of the restaurant B. The organizer of the conference. C. The location of the hotel
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A
【解析】
W: Glad you are back. How did the conference go, Chris?
M: Oh, it was good. All the topics were interesting and the speakers were really good. The organization was a lot better this year as well. I think having a smaller number of people there made a big difference. You know, you can make decisions a lot more quickly.
W: And how was the hotel?
M: Ah, that was probably the only thing that people really complained about. The food in the restaurant wasn’t very good and the service was slow. If we go back to the same hotel again, we’ll have to find another restaurant.
W: You’re right! Anyway, I want to get a cup of coffee, do you want to come?
M: I’m done with coffee. I think I’ll just go and have a cup of tea.
【10题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【11题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

13. How did Mr lum help the man probably?
A. He gave him some money B. He helped him with study C. He offered him a part-time job.
14. Why couldn't the man go out with his friends before?
A. He had a part-time job to do.
B. He had to prepare for the exams.
C. He couldn't even pay for the bus fare
15. What does the man think of the club?
A. It's expensive. B. It's satisfying C. It’s troublesome
16. What advice does the man offer?
A. Opening more club rooms
B. Putting up notices in the campus.
C. Putting a letter box outside the club's room
【答案】13. C 14. C 15. B 16. C
【解析】
W: Hello, Sam. How are your exam preparations coming along?
M: Good, Miss Swift. I’ve been working hard for it recently. I am sure that the exam won’t cause much trouble.
W: Excellent! So, are you working at weekends now to get some pocket money?
M: Yes. I’m very grateful to Mr. Lam. He really helped me with my problem.
W: Mr. Lam said that your problem was that you had no pocket money. Is that right?
M: Yeah. I couldn’t go out with my friends because I didn’t have the money for the bus fare. But I’m OK now with a part-time job.
W: So, you think the Students’ Welfare Club really helped you?
M: Oh, yes. I have no complaints about the club and I think you are fantastic.
W: Thank you! Any suggestions as to how we can be even more fantastic?
M: Why don’t you have a letter box outside the club’s room? That way, we can keep in touch with you even if we don’t get to see you.
W: That’s a great idea. It won’t cost anything to put a letter box outside. OK, thank you for your time, Sam.
【13题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【14题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

17. When was Beijing awarded to host the 24th Winter Olympic Games?
A. On July 31st, 2015 B. On June 21st, 2015. C. On September 31st, 2015.
18. According to the recording, which of the following is true?
A. It is the second time for China to host the Winter Olympics.
B. the only city to have staged both Summer and Winter Olympics
C. It was Yang Yang that won the first gold medal for China.
19. How long will the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games approximately last?
A. For 31 days B. For 22 days C. For 17 days.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. History of Summer Olympic Games.
B. China and Winter Olympic Games.
C. Western athletes in Olympic Games
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B
【解析】
On July 31st, 2015, the bid to host the 24th Winter Olympic Games was awarded to Beijing, together with its suburban Yanqing County, and nearby Zhangjiakou City. This is the first time for China to hold the Winter Olympics. The 24th Winter Games will be held in 2022, from February 4th to 20th and then Beijing will be the first city in the world to stage both Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics.
In 1980, Chinese athletes took part for the first time in the Winter Olympic Games at Lake Placid, New York, United States. At the 1992 Winter Olympic Games in Albertville, France, Chinese athletes won medals for the first time: Ye Qiaobo won two silver medals in the women’s 500 meters and 1,000 meters speed skating races. At the 2002 Winter Games in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, Chinese athlete Yang Yang won a gold medal in the women’s 500 meters short track speed skating race. This was the first gold medal won in Winter Games in Chinese history. In the 2014 Winter Olympiad in Sochi, Russia, China won three gold medals, four silver medals, and two bronze medals, the twelfth place on the medal table.
【17题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分.满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
March1，2019
Dear Residents
RE. NOTICE OF CONSTRUCTION-SHORELINE EROSION PROTECTION
Sheet Pile Wall，Rip Rap Protection(抛石护岸) and Spot Repair on SA SU Road between Church and Jimmy Road, Tsawout First Nation. Our File: CPMS 6849
Beginning April 1, 2019, our community, Tsawout First Nation, will be beginning work on the Shoreline Erosion(侵蚀)Protection project along SA SU Road between Church and Jimmy Road. Workers employed by Donn Mann Excavating and Tsawout First Nation Public Works Department will be onsite working from 7: 00 am until 5: 00 pm daily Monday to Friday until September 30，2019.
PROJECT RELATED INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Traffic Delays -In order to safely and efficiently complete this construction item, there will be some lane(车道)restrictions. Car drivers must follow the polices orders, slow down the speed，and pass the construction area extremely cautiously. The construction item may cause traffic delays. We will make every effort to minimize any potential inconvenience and provide you with the latest notice when disruptions( 中断)must occur. Police and emergency vehicle access will be maintained at all times.
Truck Traffic -At times you will notice increased truck traffic in the construction area. Please be aware and use extra caution while driving
Vibration -You may experience some vibration at home during the construction. The shaky motion happens due to the work being done. We recommend that you remove or secure objects on shelves and walls.
This construction item is part of the Tsawout First Nation Shoreline Erosion Protection project that will be beginning in April 2019 and is expected to be completed by the end of 2019. Please see upcoming newsletters and notices for further updates.
Thank you for your patience and cooperation
Sincerely
Rob Mortin
Tsawout First Nation
21. How long will the construction item last?
A. bout 4 months. B. About 5 months. C. About 6 months. D. About 7 months.
22. What do you know about traffic regulations during the construction?
A. Car drivers shall pass through the construction area with great care
B. Only emergency vehicles can pass through the construction area
C. No vehicle will be allowed to pass through the construction area
D. All vehicles shall be checked before entering the construction area.
23. It is recommended that nearby residents should
A. avoid driving their vehicles in the rush-hours
B. make sure that their walls are in good condition
C. update upcoming newsletters and notices daily
D. have their photo frames taken down from the walls
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【解析】
本文属于施工公告信，告知人们在施工情况带大家带来的不便以及防护措施。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Beginning April I, 2019以及Workers employed by Donn Mann Excavating and Tsawout First Nation Public Works Department will be onsite working from 7: 00 am until 5: 00 pm daily Monday to Friday until September 30，2019.可知，该建设项目2019年四月一日开始，9月30日结束，6个月，故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Traffic Delays 部分Car drivers must follow the polices orders. slow down the speed，and pass the construction area extremely cautiously.可知，轿车通过施工区域时必须服从交警的命令，减速以及额外小心，故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The shaky motion happens due to the work being done. We recommend that you remove or secure objects on shelves and walls.可知，施工期间会有震动情况，建议周围的居民把墙上或者架子上的东西取下来或者稳定好，可以推出，墙上的画册应该取下来，为了安全起见，故选D。
B
A thrilling polar competition between two adventurers to cross Antarctica alone, unsupported and unassisted had a happy ending with both explorers achieving the unprecedented feat (功绩).American professional athlete Colin O’Brady and British Army Captain Louis Rudd set off a mile apart at the same time on November 3, 2018, from the Atlantic coast with the aim to become the first person to ski across the remote continent alone.
Louis Rudd maintained the lead at first. However, O’Brady caught up with Rudd on November10 and never let the British man get close to him again. O’Brady was the first to conquer the 930 mile icy land, arriving at the Ross Ice Shelf on the Pacific coast by way of the South Pole on December 26, 2018. The 33-year-old spent 54 days skiing the world’s coldest continent while pulling a 300－pound sled(雪橇) with supplies.
Instead of leaving the harsh environment after completing the historic adventure, the explorer set up a tent on the world’s largest ice sheet and waited patiently for Rudd to complete the great undertaking. On December 29, just three days after O’Brady arrived, the British explorer finished his adventure, becoming the world’s second person to complete the solo casing of the frozen continent.
Rudd was not disappointed at being second since he never considered it to be a “race”. Besides, the 49 -year-old British Army Captain had a more selfless motive for attempting the feat. He was doing it in memory of his friend Henry Worsley, who had introduced him to polar exploration. The disaster happened while Worsley was trying to cross the continent alone in 2016. Rudd said, "I didn’t want to get drawn into a race. All that mattered to me was that I completed it, and that I skied solo and unsupported, carrying the tag with Henry’s name on it.”
After spending a few days camping 10 feet away from each other, the two adventurers were picked up by a helicopter to the South Pole scientific research station.
24. What do Colin O’Brady and Louis Rudd have in common?
A. They became the first explorers to cross Antarctica alone, unaided.
B. They became the first adventurers to ski across Antarctica
C. This is the first time that they have arrived at the South pole
D. They crossed Antarctica in honor of their friend Henry Worsley
25. What do you know about the first leg(第一段賽程) of the race？
A. O’Brady skied along with Louis Rudd side by side.
B. O’Brady's sled with food supplies broke down.
C. Louis Rudd lost the tag with Henry’s name on it.
D. O’Brady fell behind Louis Rudd for the first week
26. What can we infer about Henry Worsley?
A. He used to encourage O’ Brady to explore the Antarctic
B. He lost his life in a terrible traffic accident in 2016
C. He died while he was attempting to cross the Antarctic alone.
D. He helped Louis Rudd complete the historic adventure.
27. How did the two adventurers return to the South Pole scientific research station?
A. On foot. B. By air C. By land D. By water.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B
【解析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述两个冒险家成功在无人帮助的情况下独自滑雪穿越南极大陆，但是两个人的目的不同。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句A thrilling polar competition between two adventurers to cross Antarctica alone, unsupported and unassisted had a happy ending with both explorers achieving the unprecedented feat (功绩).以及最后一句with the aim to become the first person to ski across the remote continent alone.可知，两人的目标都是成为滑雪穿越南极洲的第一人，并且两人都获得成功，这是他们的共同之处，故选A。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Louis Rudd maintained the lead at first. However, O’Brady caught up with Rudd on November10以及第一段可知，他们于11月3日出发，O’Brady赶上Louis Rudd是11月10日，可以得出，Louis Rudd领先时间为一周，故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The disaster happened while Worsley was trying to cross the continent alone in 2016.可知，Worsley在2016年独自穿越南极洲的时候遇难，故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段After spending a few days camping 10 feet away from each other, the two adventurers were picked up by a helicopter to the South Pole scientific research station可知，最后两人被直升飞机带去的南极科考站，故选B。
C
Three-day－old Oskar Lunde sleeps in a small bed at an Estonian(爱沙尼亚) hospital.
Across the room, his father turns on a laptop computer. "Now we will register our child, "Andrei Lunde says as he lifts his identification card into the card reader. His wife, Olga, looks on. And just like that, Oskar is Estonia’s newest citizen. No paper. No time spent standing in a line.
Estonia has launched a project to make government administration completely digital. The goal is to reduce the size of the government work force, open up the decision-making process and fuel economic growth.
Need medicine ?Reach for a computer and send an email or text message to a doctor. Need help from the local government? Click on a link to the government websites…
Estonia has created a system that supports electronic authentication(身份验证) and digital signatures. It provides paperless communications for both the government and private industry.
However, there are a few things that one cannot do electronically in Estonia: marry, end a marriage or buy and sell property. That is only because the government has decided it is very important to show up in person for some big life events. When Estonia declared independence from the former Soviet Union in 1991, it had to build a new economy. Government leaders looked for an industry where the country could compete. They decided on information technology and the Internet.
When the poor country needed to replace a 1930s phone system, former President Toomas Hendrik Ilves rejected the offer of a free analog(模拟) system from Finland and argued for a digital one.
Last year, information and communications made up 5.9 percent of the economy. The government hopes to increase that figure with an "e-residency " program that lets businessmen around the world register their businesses in Estonia, thus gaining a presence in the European Union. More than 51, 000 people from 167 countries have registered at a cost of only 100 euros, or＄114 each.
28. What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage?
A. To provide background information of the topic.
B. To attract readers’ attention to the topic
C. To describe the daily life of an Estonian
D. To offer some basic knowledge of Estonia
29. In which case shall people show up in person in Estonia?
A. Registering a newly born baby. B. Registering a business
C. Purchasing a house. D. Signing a name.
30. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The "e-residency "program didn't work in practice
B. The "e-residency" program appeals to native Estonians
C. People register businesses in Estonia at very low prices
D. Estonia used to be a member state of the European Union.
31. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Estonian Government Aims to End Paperwork
B. "e-residency" Program Fuels Estonian Economy
C. Estonia Is Becoming Stronger With IT Industry
D. Government Administration Is Going Digital
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A
【解析】
本文属于新闻，讲述爱沙尼亚实行一次让政府管理电子化的运动，从而结束纸质办公，刺激经济发展。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段可知，新生儿父母为其孩子在网上注册，不需要去排队处理，故而引出本文的话题，爱沙尼亚实行电子化办公，故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段However, there are a few things that one cannot do electronically in Estonia: marry, end a marriage or buy and sell property. That is only because the government has decided it is very important to show up in person for some big life events.可知，只有一些重要的事情，必须本人亲自去办理，包括买卖不动产，故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段More than 51, 000 people from 167 countries have registered at a cost of only 100 euros, or＄114 each.可知，要在爱沙尼亚注册，只需要100欧元一人，成本很低，故选C。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段Estonia has launched a project to make government administration completely digital.可知，爱沙尼亚实行一次让政府管理电子化的运动，从而结束纸质办公，故选A。
D
Babies’main food is rice cereal. But it is often poisoned. Studies have found that many brands contain measurable amounts of inorganic arsenic(无机砷),the most poisonous kind. It's not just nice: an August 2018 study tested 50 foods made for babies. including organic and nonorganic brands such as Gerber, Earths Best, and other popular labels, and found evidence of at least one dangerous heavy metal in every product. Fifteen of the 50 contained enough contaminants(污染物)to pose potential health risks to a child eating one serving or less a day.
Heavy metals can damage cognitive(认知的 )development in children, who are especially at risk because of their smaller size. Inorganic arsenic in drinking water has been found to lower the IQ scores of children by five to six ills. And as heavy metals accumulate in the body over time. they can raise the risk of cancer, diabetes and other physical conditions. Of course, finding you’re your favorite brand is contaminated is not a reason to panic. Low levels of exposure for short periods are unlikely to cause serious effects, but parents should focus on reducing the overall levels of these poisonous substances in their children's total diet to limit harm.
Heavy metals occur naturally on Earth and are present in soil and water. But pesticides(杀虫剂), mining and pollution increase their concentrations, and farming and food manufacturing processes can contribute even more.
Food makers are clearly of keeping baby food poison-free: roughly a third of the tested products did not contain worrisome metal levels. Some companies are already trying to look into the sources of contamination in their products and try to reduce them. More companies should follow. But the best chance of real change will come with laws. Currently there are no U. S rules on acceptable levels of heavy metals in baby foods.
The government and the food industry should unite to deal with the serious threat to our children.
32. What did the August 2018 study find?
A. Fifteen of the 50 food brands contained contaminants
B. All organic food brands contained some inorganic arsenic.
C. Earth’s Best proved to be a poison-free baby food brand.
D. All tested products were contaminated with heavy metals.
33. According to the second paragraph, inorganic arsenic in drinking water has a bad effect on children's_____
A. intelligence B. behavior C. sight D. emotion
34. In the fourth paragraph, the writer indicates that_____
A. food storage is a major source of metal contamination in the food products
B. many food makers haven't taken enough safety steps to reduce metal levels
C. food makers should figure out the sources of contamination in their products
D. food companies must be banned from producing foods containing heavy metals
35. According to the writer, which of the following is the vital step to make a real difference to the worrying situation?
A. Stepping up baby food tests. B. Listing harmful heavy metals
C. Making out relevant regulations D. Punishing food law breakers.
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
本文属于新闻，讲述大多数婴儿用米粉重金属超标，以及重金属对婴儿的影响，以及这个问题的应对措施。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段an August 2018 study tested 50 foods made for babies. including organic and nonorganic brands such as Gerber, Earths Best, and other popular labels, and found evidence of at least one dangerous heavy metal in every product.可知，2018年的研究测试了50中不同品牌的米粉，结果发现每个产品中至少含有一种重金属，故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段Inorganic arsenic in drinking water has been found to lower the IQ scores of children by five to six ills.可知，饮用水中的无机砷通过引导5-6种疾病来降低婴儿的智商，故可知，对智力有影响，故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段Some companies are already trying to look into the sources of contamination in their products and try to reduce them. More companies should follow.可知，一些公司正在调查污染的源头并尽力降低污染的程度，更多的公司应该模仿，因此可知绝大部分公司没有采取足够的安全措施，故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段But the best chance of real change will come with laws.可知，真正改变的最好机会是法律的产生，可知制定相关的法律制度是最重要的，故选C。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How long could you stand on Antarctic ice before your bare feet froze solid? A minute. Maybe two? If you’re an emperor penguin, you can do it for two months in cruel winds at as low as-75 degrees Fahrenheit___36___, but their special circulation acts as a kind of antifreeze to keep them warm enough.
Penguin legs and feet have evolved to lose as little heat as possible. Penguin feet preserve heat by restricting blood flow in really cold weather, keeping foot temperature just above freezing___37___
Blood vessels to and from the feet are very narrow and woven closely together, cooling the blood from the body on the way to the feet and heating the blood as it returns to the body.___38___ .
This special ability is part of how penguins keep their eggs warm until they hatch. Each penguin egg’s father balances it on his feet and covers it with his very warm layer of feathered skin to keep it cozy while females are out feeding at sea.___39___. If females haven’t returned with food by time the chicks hatch, male penguins feed their babies for a few days on a kind of "milk" made from special cells inside their throats.
___40___Your hands get whiter during freezing weather because there 's less blood in them which has been redirected to the central part of your body to make sure vital organs stay warm.
A. Penguin legs work like a heat exchange system
B. Those naked bird feet may look extremely cold
C. Therefore, the male penguins must stay together in groups
D. However, parenting doesn't stop there for these devoted fathers
E. Emperor penguins also have the ability to 'recycle’ their own body heat
F. Feet get cool blood so there’s less heat to lose, while the body stays warm and comfortable
G. In fact. humans have the ability to restrict blood flow to their hands and feet in cold weather too
【答案】36. B 37. A
38. F 39. D
40. G
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于说明文，介绍帝企鹅能够在南极寒冷的环境下保持脚不被冻坏的原因。
【36题详解】
根据前一句可知，帝企鹅能够在寒冷的环境下呆2个月，以及本空后一句but their special circulation acts as a kind of antifreeze to keep them warm enough.可知，特殊的循环系统充当类似抗冻剂一样保持暖和，B选项，双脚赤裸看起来很冷，与后文的but形成转折，切题，故选B。
【37题详解】
本段主要阐述企鹅脚的特殊性，使之能够保证脚的温暖，A选项，企鹅的脚像一个热量交换系统，与前文一致，切题，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据前一句Blood vessels to and from the feet are very narrow and woven closely together, cooling the blood from the body on the way to the feet and heating the blood as it returns to the body.可知，企鹅的脚的血管很细，相互交织，让血液从身体流向脚部的时候，让血液温度降下来，当血液从脚部返回身体的时候，提升血液温度，F选项，血液温度降低，热量损失减少，而身体温度维持正常，阐述前一句现象的结果，切题，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据前文可知，企鹅爸爸要保证孵化过程中企鹅蛋的温暖，以及后一句If females haven’t returned with food by time the chicks hatch, male penguins feed their babies for a few days on a kind of "milk" made from special cells inside their throats.可知，小企鹅孵化出来时，企鹅妈妈出去觅食还没回来，企鹅爸爸必须用喉咙里的特殊物质来喂养小企鹅，D选项，企鹅爸爸的爱绝不停止于孵化期间，与符合前后文逻辑关系，故选D。
【40题详解】
根据后一句Your hands get whiter during freezing weather because there 's less blood in them which has been redirected to the central part of your body to make sure vital organs stay warm.可知，作者阐述寒冷天气时手会变白是由于血液更少，因为血液流到了身体躯干部份，保证重要器官的温暖，故G选项，人类也有类似的系统，与后文的阐述形成逻辑关系，故选G。
【点睛】七选五做题步骤。先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。
若空格位置设在段首，则需要：1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。
比如小题5，企鹅的脚的血管很细，相互交织，让血液从身体流向脚部的时候，让血液温度降下来，当血液从脚部返回身体的时候，提升血液温度，F选项，血液温度降低，热量损失减少，而身体温度维持正常，阐述前一句现象的结果，切题，故选F。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节.满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下而短文，从短文后各题所给的四个述顶(A、B、C.和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On a dark grey morning, my mom said in a quiet voice. "Your dad and I have decided that we’re moving to Singapore.”
These words did not___41___much in my five-year-old brain until the day we had to___42___ and say goodbye to our close friends.
Normally，mom always booked our___43___together. The___44___of sitting next to a stranger was never something I had to worry about, until now. Booking it late, we weren’t given___45___when buying the seats.
I was____46____as I walked on the plane and down the aisle. What I saw was something ___47___to an alien to me. It was an Indian lady dressed in a traditional Sari and having a massive bindi( 额前的人工痣) between her eyebrows. But her___48___wasn’t the only thing that___49___me away. I made a_____50_____ as if I had smelt something sour.
My mom_____51_____walked me to the back of the plane, and_____52_____she wasn’t any different from me and I should be respectful because it was her_____53_____and religion.
As we got prepared to_____54_____, the lady buckled(扣住 )her seatbelt and took out a book from her bag. At that point I am_____55_____that the book was in English! After a short sleep, I_____56_____to dinner time. I got spaghetti and so did the lady sitting next to me. She was eating the same thing as me!
Throughout the flight, I_____57_____in my young little mind that she was just a human being like me though she looked and_____58_____differently, which provided me with a_____59_____of being a human being who_____60_____all types of lifestyles.
41. A. expect B. register C. fail D. find
42. A. meet B. stay C. leave D. settle
43. A. flights B. seats C. rooms D. tables
44. A. joy B. dream C. terror D. opinion
45. A. preference B. promise C. attention D. sympathy
46. A. ashamed B. relaxed C. tired D. fearful
47. A. equal B. superior C. known D. familiar
48. A. voice B. appearance C. attitude D. skin
49. A. gave B. put C. look D. scared
50. A. wish B. deal C. face D. decision
51. A. immediately B. fortunately C. excitedly D. sadly
52. A. worried B. argued C. explained D. shouted
53. A. culture B. accent C. question D. plan
54. A. take up B. take off C. take on D. take out
55. A. nervous B. relieved C. shocked D. upset
56. A. awoke B. paid C. slept D. skipped
57. A. confirmed B. predicted C. doubted D. realize
58. A. sang B. dressed C. sat D. lived
59. A. control B. trouble C. sign D. foundation
60. A. knows B. believes C. convinces D. accepts
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. D 58. B 59. D 60. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于叙事说理文，讲述作者小时候坐飞机与印度妇女挨着坐，作者很害怕也很反感，结果受到母亲的教育，发现其实印度人和作者都一样。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些话语在一个五岁大的孩子大脑里留下多大印象，直到我们必须出发，跟朋友道别那一天的到来。A. expect期望；B. register 注册；C. fail失败；D. find找到。根据本句后文but可知，作者当时年龄太小，不能理解那些话的意思，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些话语在一个五岁大的孩子大脑里留下多大印象，直到我们必须出发，跟朋友道别那一天的到来。A. meet遇见；B. stay保持；C. leave离开；D. settle解决。根据本句后文say goodbye to our close friends可知，作者要离开朋友了，故选C。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，母亲会把我们的位置定在一起。A. flights航班；B. seats座位；C. rooms房间；D. tables桌子。根据后文可知，本文讲述作者与邻座印度妇女之间的事情，故可知预定飞机位置，故选B。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与陌生人坐在一起是我从来不会担忧的。A. joy高兴；B. dream梦想；C. terror恐惧；D. opinion观点。根据后文可知，作者很害怕与陌生人坐在一起，故选C。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于预定晚了，买票的时候没有买到我们想要的位置。 A. preference偏爱；B. promise承诺；C. attention注意；D. sympathy同情。根据文章可知，作者他们没有买到能够坐在一起的位置，故选A。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我上飞机沿着通道走下去的时候，我满是害怕。A. ashamed羞耻的；B. relaxed放松的；C. tired 疲惫的；D. fearful害怕的。根据前文，作者之前不用担心与陌生人一起坐飞机，故可知第一次很害怕，故选D。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看的东西对我来说相当于一个外星人。A. equal等于；B. superior高级的；C. known著名的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文可知，作者对印度人根本不了解，对他来说，相当于外星人，故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是她的外貌不是唯一能够吓跑我的东西。A. voice声音；B. appearance外貌；C. attitude态度；D. skin皮肤。根据前文可知，作者描述了印度妇女的外貌，与他自己很不一样，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是她的外貌不是唯一能够吓跑我的东西。A. gave给；B. put放；C. look 看；D. scared吓。根据后文可知，印度妇女身上的气味让作者很难受，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做了一个脸相就好像闻到了一些馊的东西。A. wish祝愿；B. deal交易；C. face脸；D. decision决定。根据本句后文as if I had smelt something sour.可知，作者对印度妇女很反感，表现得很明显，故选C。
【51题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲马上让我跟她一道去飞机后面，解释道她跟我们并没有什么不同，我应该尊重她，因为这是她的文化和宗教。A. immediately立刻；B. fortunately 幸运地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. sadly悲伤地。根据文章可知，作者父母立刻教育了作者，纠正其错误的观念，故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲马上让我跟她一道去飞机后面，解释道她跟我们并没有什么不同，我应该尊重她，因为这是她的文化和宗教。A. worried担心；B. argued争论；C. explained解释；D. shouted大叫。根据文章可知，母亲说明了尊重印度妇女的原因，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲马上让我跟她一道去飞机后面，解释道她跟我们并没有什么不同，我应该尊重她，因为这是她的文化和宗教。A. culture文化；B. accent口音；C. question 问题；D. plan计划。根据前文可知，印度妇女的穿着和打扮是其文化的一部分，故选A。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们准备起飞，印度妇女把安全带系好，从包里拿出书来。A. take up开始从事；B. take off起飞；C. take on呈现；D. take out拿出。根据the lady buckled(扣住 )her seatbelt可知，作者乘坐的飞机准备起飞，故选B。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，我很震惊，那本书是英语写的。A. nervous紧张的；B. relieved缓解的；C. shocked震惊的；D. upset沮丧的。根据后文可知，作者对自己的发现很惊讶，故选C。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：睡了一会儿之后，我醒来吃饭。A. awoke醒来；B. paid支付；C. slept睡觉；D. skipped跳过。根据前文After a short sleep可知，作者睡了一会儿就醒来吃饭，故选A。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过本次飞行，在我幼小的心灵上开始意识到她跟我一样是个人，尽管外貌和穿着不一样。A. confirmed确认；B. predicted预测；C. doubted怀疑；D. realize意识到。根据前文可知，作者通过这些事情意识到人与人之间不一样，故选D。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过本次飞行，在我幼小的心灵上开始意识到她跟我一样是个人，尽管外貌和穿着不一样。A. sang唱歌；B. dressed穿衣；C. sat坐；D. lived生活。根据前文可知，印度妇女在外貌和穿着不一样，故选B。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就为我成为一个人打好了基础，一个能够各种各样生活方式的人。A. control控制；B. trouble麻烦；C. sign迹象；D. foundation基础。根据前文可知，这次经历让作者认识到了世界人群的多样性，故选D。
【60题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就为我成为一个人打好了基础，一个能够各种各样生活方式的人。A. knows知道；B. believes相信；C. convinces说服；D. accepts接受。根据文章可知，作者从这次经历学到了一个道理，尊重别人的文化和生活方式，故选D。
【点睛】题旨在考察学生综合运用语言知识的能力。做此题时必须通篇考虑，先掌握大意，再综合运用所学词汇、语法及常识进行推理判断。通读全文，了解大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，充分利用各种线索答。千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配如take of等短语的意思。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eating soil can produce more effective results___61___(compare) to eating slimming pills, claimed researchers from an Australian university. China Press___62___( report)that researchers from the University of South Australia were looking for a way to improve the body’s absorption towards medication to prevent mental illness.
They___63___(accident)found out that soil does not only attract fat, it could also stop fat from being absorbed into the body and round___64___digestive system. Meanwhile, other researchers carried out an experiment by___65___(separate)mice into two groups--one group___66___(give) slimming pills and the other group with soil.
After two weeks, the weight of the mice___67___ate soil decreased obviously. This was the basis for claims that eating soil might make it___68___(easy) for the body to excrete(排泄) fat than taking slimming pills.
However, they ___69___(test)to see if eating soil is safe for the body_____70_____if it could cause any side effects in the past few months.
【答案】61. compared
62. reported
63. accidentally
64. the 65. separating
66. was / were given
67. which / that
68. easier 69. have been testing
70. or
【解析】
本文属于科普文，介绍吃土的减肥效果可能比吃减肥药还有效果，并介绍了该结论的得出的过程。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：吃土可能比吃减肥药的效果还好，澳大利亚的一个研究团队声称。分析句子可知，compare属于非谓语，与其逻辑主语eating soil属于动宾关系，故用过去分词形式compared。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：中国报报道南澳大利亚大学的研究人员正在寻找一种方式来提升对药物的吸收能力来阻止精神疾病。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，与其主语China Press为主谓关系，陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时reported。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们意外发现土壤不仅能够吸收脂肪，还能阻止脂肪被身体吸收，让脂肪绕过消化系统。分析句子可知，修饰动词find用副词，故用accidentally。
【64题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：他们意外发现土壤不仅能够吸收脂肪，还能阻止脂肪被身体吸收，让脂肪绕过消化系统。分析句子可知，消化系统为特指，故用定冠词the。
【65题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：与此同时，其他的研究人员把老鼠分成两组，一组喂食减肥药，另外一组喂食土壤。分析句子可知，by为介词后接动词ing形式，故用separating。
【66题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：与此同时，其他的研究人员把老鼠分成两组，一组喂食减肥药，另外一组喂食土壤。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，give与group为动宾关系，group既可以作单数，故用was given，也可以表示一组老鼠，故用复数形式were given。
【67题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：两周之后，发现喂食土壤的老鼠体重下降明显。分析句子可知，ate soil作限制性定语从句修饰先行词mice，从句缺乏主语，故用关系代词which或者that。
【68题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这就是声称的依据，吃土比吃减肥药更容易减肥。根据后文的than可知，本句为比较级结构，本句为结构make it+形容词， 故用比较级形式easier。
【69题详解】
考查现在完成进行时。句意：过去的几个月里，他们一直在测试吃土对身体安全还是有任何的副作用。分析本句的in the past few months可知，研究人员过去几个月都在做的事情，且test与其主语they为主谓关系，故用现在完成进行时have been testing。
【70题详解】
考查连词。句意：过去的几个月里，他们一直在测试吃土对身体安全还是有任何的副作用。分析句子可知，前后句为选择关系，故用连词or。
第四部分写作(共两节满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅渉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
増加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In order to develop our interest in English. our school has set up several English clubs, among that the Radio Club is the most popular one. Every afternoon after supper, there are three students to run club. Students can play English songs, or read aloud English poems, essays, news, or story. I still remembered what happened when I hosted the programme for the first time two years ago. A week before it, I had searched the Internet for the later news, attractive topics and our loved English songs. Despite of good preparations, so nervous was I when I sat in front of the microphone that I felt my brain went blank. Thanks to the practice making before, I managed to calm down or concentrate. Several seconds later, I lost me in the broadcasting, really enjoying and appreciated it.
【答案】that→which
run后面加上the
story→stories
remembered→remember
later→latest
去掉of
making→made
or→and
me→myself
appreciated→appreciating
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者第一次当校园广播主持人的经历，虽然准备充分，但是起初依然紧张，最终顺利完成主持任务。
【详解】第一处：考查定语从句。句意：为了提升大家对英语的兴趣，我们学校创立了几个英语俱乐部，其中英语广播站是最受欢迎的一个。分析句子可知，among that the Radio Club is the most popular one为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词clubs，从句缺乏among的宾语，故把that改为which。
第二处：考查定冠词。句意：每天下午晚饭后，有三个学生运行管理这个俱乐部。分析句子可知，本句讲述作者主持英语广播的经历，故特指英语广播这个俱乐部，故在club前加the。
第三处：考查名词复数。句意：大家可以放英语歌曲、读英语诗歌、散文、新闻以及故事。分析句子可知，本句讲述广播的内容，story的可数名词，故需用复数形式，把story改为stories。
第四处：考查动词时态语态。句意：我任然几个两年前第一次主持这个节目发生的事情。分析句子可知，作者依然记得，故用一般现在时，把remembered改为remember。
第五处：考查形容词最高级。句意：一周前，我在网上找了最新的新闻，大家感兴趣的话题以及大家喜欢的歌曲。分析句子可知，作者为主持节目做了充分准备，故把later改为latest。
第六处：考查介词。句意：尽管准备充分，但是主持的时候很紧张，坐在话筒前面，大脑一片空白。Despite为介词，后接名词作宾语，故去掉of。
第七处：考查非谓语动词。句意：多亏了之前做的练习，我冷静下来并且集中精神。分析句子可知，make作后置定语修饰preparation，与其属于动宾关系，故用过去分词形式，把making改为made。
第八处：考查连词。句意：多亏了之前做的练习，我冷静下来并且集中精神。分析句子可知，前后两个动作为先后关系，故用and，把or改为and。
第九处：考查反身代词。句意：几秒钟之后，我专注于主持之中，并真正享受主持的过程。 本句为短语lose oneself into doing sth 专心致志于做某事，故把me改为myself。
第十处：考查非谓语动词。句意：几秒钟之后，我专注于主持之中，并真正享受主持的过程。分析句子可知，appreciate与enjoy并列，作in的宾语，故把appreciate改为appreciating。
第二节书面表达
72.去年以来，诸如抖音( Tik Tok)等拍摄和发布短视频的手机应用程序在年轻人中颇受欢迎。假如你是李华，英国笔友May来信向你了解中国学生玩抖音的情况，并请你谈谈它的利与弊。
注意:1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Mary,
So glad to he hear from you!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely
LiHua
【答案】Dear Mary,
So glad to hear from you! I’m delighted that you are concerned about the most popular / downloaded app Tik Tok (Douyin) among Chinese students nowadays.
Tik Tok is an app of short video platform where people can show and share their life in a relaxing and lively way.The contents range from a lovely sleeping baby to a pet dog with funny behavior. On the one hand, it can enrich people’s life and relieve people of pressure to some degree. On the other hand, it may make people addicted to it so deeply that it can waste too much time and make their life circle smaller, affecting their real life and devotion to work.
Therefore, only when we use Tik Tok in an appropriate way can it benefit us most. Would you please introduce some interesting apps to me?
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】根据提示可知，本篇为书信，时态应为一般现在时。关键要点如下：①拍摄和发布短视频的手机应用程序在年轻人中颇受欢迎；②中国学生玩抖音的情况；③玩抖音的利；④玩抖音的弊端。
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：Tik Tok（抖音），short video platform（短视频平台），enrich people’s life and relieve people of pressure（丰富人们生活和缓解人们压力），be addicted to（沉溺）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。

第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合演讲稿的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。
限制性定语从句的使用Tik Tok is an app of short video platform where people can show and share their life in a relaxing and lively way.
非谓语动词的使用On the other hand, it may make people addicted to it so deeply that it can waste too much time and make their life circle smaller, affecting their real life and devotion to work.