2020届上海市奉贤区高三上学期调研测试（一模）英语试题

2019学年第一学期奉贤区调研测试

高三英语试卷 （201912）

考生注意：

1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. April 9th.        B. April 8th.   C. April 19th.   D. April 21st.

2. A. In a post office.                B. On the campus.

C. In the Main hall.                D. In the Administration building.

3. A. 2 dollars.        B. 4 dollars.    C. 8 dollars.    D. 5 dollars.

4. A. The bag.    B. The umbrella.  C. The camera.    D. Water.

5. A. He had a visitor.              B. He missed the bus.

C. He forgot the time.            D. He didn’t like the film.

6. A. Surprising.        B. Good.    C. Untrue.    D. Doubtful.

7. A. The man feels sorry for the woman.   B. The area is for passengers only.

C. The woman is asking the man to leave. D. The man is a member of the staff.

8. A. The test consisted of one page.     

B. The exam was difficult for the woman.

C. The woman spent an hour on the first page.

D. The woman got to the last question finally.

9. A. It costs a lot.        B. It produces good results.   

D. It’s of no use.       D. It’s too exhausting.

10. A. To give up one course temporarily.   B. To pick some easier courses this term.

C. To drop out of school this term.   D. To study harder to meet the requirements.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. Joyful.    B. Disappointed.      C. Excited.        D. Unexpected.

12. A. Everything happens for a reason.   B. Trust your instincts.

C. Take faith in yourself.           D. Focus on one thing at a time.

13. A. Turn to others’ for advice.          B. Try as many different things as you can.

C. Lose no time to take action.      D. Travel for new experiences and inspiration.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. 57    B. 75     C. 76     D. 43

15. A. physical or emotional violence.      B. risk of developing cancer.

C. ruined family relationship.       D. polluted indoor air quality.

16. A. The importance of banning domestic smoking. 

B. A new law against domestic smoking.

C. The harmful effects of domestic smoking.

D. Active smokers and passive smokers.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. Journalist of a local newspaper.    B. Director of evening radio programs.

C. Producer of television commercials.   D. Hostess of the weekly “Business World”.

18. A. He ran three restaurants with his wife’s help.   

B. He and his wife did everything by themselves.

C. He worked both as a cook and a waiter.   

D. He hired a cook and two local waitresses.

19. A. He doesn’t need to do any advertising nowadays.

B. He advertises on radio and in local newspapers.

C. He spends huge sums on TV commercials every year.

D. He hires children to distribute ads in shopping centers.

20. A. The restaurant location.        B. The restaurant atmosphere.

C. The food quality.       D. The satisfaction of customers.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Ancient Myth---A Hit With Modern Audiences

This summer’s surprise hit at movie theaters across China was the re-telling of the ancient myth of Nezha. The animated film (21)          (take) in over four billion yuan at the box office and become one of the country’s most successful films ever. It proved that China could produce animated films comparable to (22)          produced in Hollywood and Japan.

The film, directed by Yang Yu, was a massive undertaking(任务) from start to finish. He spent two years writing the script(剧本) and three more years making a film which required the efforts of 1,600 animators. But for Yang, it was a way to prove to himself that he (23)          change his fate and inspire others to change their fate as well.

“I used to suffer from a lot of prejudice after changing my career,” said Yang, “Since then I have thought about making an animated film to encourage young people to persist in their dreams.”

(24)          (convey) the message that “your fate is in your own hands,” Yang made some changes to the original myth. Nezha was born a devil(恶魔), (25)          (fate) to cause mischief(恶作剧), but he decides to overcome his fate and to save the people of his hometown from being destroyed by Ao Bing, the third son of the Dragon King.

(26)          the ancient myth being very clear about the differences between the good and the bad guys, in Yang’s film, all of the characters are treated with empathy, and even the “bad” people are also victims of their fate, (27)          , actually, have the potential to change and become good.

Over the years, I have come across a few students labeled as “devils.” Although some misbehaved simply (28)          they were not mature enough, others were trouble-making and uncooperative when they were in a bad mood. Those students need to know they were not doomed to be bad. As they grew up, they would have the power to change their circumstances.

If you have seen Nezha, you know (29)          a terrific, entertaining film it is. But an important lesson is also conveyed in the film (30)          we should not judge ourselves or others too harshly, so as not to allow those negative judgments to control our fate.

Section B

Direction: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Flood-hit Venice’s shrinking population faces mounting problems

Venetians(威尼斯人) are fed up with what they see as inadequate responses to the city’s mounting problems: record-breaking flooding, environmental and safety threats from cruise ship traffic and the burden on services from over-tourism.

They feel largely left to their own devices, with ever-fewer Venetians living in the historic part of the city to   31   its interests and keep it from becoming mainly a tourist land.

The historic flooding this week---marked by three floods over 1.5 meters (nearly 5 feet) and the highest in 53 years at 1.87 meters(6 feet, 1 inch)---has   32   calls to create an administration that recognizes the uniqueness of Venice, for both its concentration of treasures and its   33   vulnerability.

Flood damage has been   34   estimated at hundreds of millions of Euros (dollars), but the true range will only become clear with time. The frustration goes far beyond the failure to complete and   35   78 underwater barriers that were designed to prevent just the kind of damage that Venice has   36   this week. With the system not yet completed or even   37   tested after 16 years of work and 5 billion Euros ($5.5 billion) invested, many are suspicious it will even work.

At the public level, proposals for better administering the city including   38   some level of autonomy(自制) to Venice, already enjoyed by some Italian regions like Trentino-Alto-Adige with its German-speaking minority, or offering tax   39   to encourage Venice’s repopulation.

Just 53,000 people live in the historic part of the city that tourists know as Venice, down by a third from a generation ago and dropping by about 1,000 people a year. That means fewer people watching the neighborhood, monitoring for public maintenance   40   or neighbors in need. Many leave because of the increased expense or the daily difficulties in living in a city of canals, which can make even a simple errand a hard journey.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Ecology is a complicated thing. Given the facts that elephant damage often kills trees and bush fires often kill trees, it would be   41   to assume that a combination of the two would make things worse. Contrary to this assumption,    42   , as the recently-published research by Benjamin Wigley shows, if a tree has already been damaged, fire can   43   help to make things better.

One common way in which elephants harm trees is by stripping(剥) them of their bark(树皮). Dr Wigley, who did indeed start from the obvious   44   , set off to find out how much worse bush fires would make the effects of this bark stripping. To serve this purpose, he set up a study in the Kruger National Park. Since 1954, the Kruger has been the site of experiments in which plots of land have been burned   45   , to understand the effects of fire on plain ecology. In these experiments, Dr Wigley looked at trees in three different zones, in one of which, the trees were burned every year; in the second, they were burned every other year, while the third zone, by contrast, was actively   46   fire. To keep things consistent, he looked at the fate of the same tree species, the marula(马鲁拉树), in all three zones. He picked marulas because they are particular   47   of elephant activity. Their fruit are delicious, and prized by elephants and people alike. But elephants also seem to enjoy eating their bark. In July 2016 he and his colleagues identified 20 marulas in every zone and used special tools to   48   from each of them a circular section of bark 5 cm in diameter. Having imposed this damage, they   49   the wounds over the course of the following two years, to see what would happen. To their   50   , they discovered that the wounds of trees in fire zones recovered far better than those of trees that had seen no fires at all. Wounded trees in the annual burn zone re-grew 98% of their lost   51   during the two years of the study. Those living in the biennial(两年一次的) burn zone re-grew 92% of it. But those in the zone where fires were   52   re-grew only 72%.

The researchers also found something else when they were measuring the trees’ wounds: ants. Ten of the 20 trees in the fire-prevention zone developed ant colonies in their wounds. The ants in question were a species that is known to damage trees and is supposed to   53   tissue healing. By contrast, only five trees in the biennial burn zone and three in the annual zone developed ants’ nests in their wounds. It looks, therefore, as if bush fires are treating trees’ wounds by killing ants that might   54   colonize and damage them. Though such fires are surely harmful to healthy trees, it seems, in an example of two negatives making a positive, as if they are actually   55   to sick ones.

Section B 

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

There was something in the elderly woman's behavior that caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, the woman moved with deliberation, and there was no hesitation in her gestures. She was as good as anyone else, her movements suggested. And she had a job to do.

The elderly woman had walked into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was displaying a serious case of impatience, rolling her eyes, huffing and sighing, checking her watch every few seconds. If she had possessed a belt, her mother would have been fastened to it as a means of dragging her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers.

The older woman detached from the younger one and began to glance over the DVDs on the nearest shelf. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled(潦草地写) on a crumpled piece of paper. The title was unusual and a bit unfamiliar. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality.

Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it. Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who'd passed away the previous Christmas.

As we walked along the back of the store, I narrated its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.

We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she'd enjoyed when she was her son's age and that she hoped he would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of eagerness, he could enjoy it with his own young children. Then, reluctantly, I had to return the elderly woman to her keeper, who was still tapping her foot at the front of the store.

I accompanied the older woman to the queue at the cash register and then stepped back and lingered near the younger woman. When the older woman's turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she'd displayed earlier ...

56. What does "she had a job to do" (Para. 1) mean according to the context?

A. She had a regular job in the store.        B. She wanted to ask for help.

C. She wanted to buy a DVD.              D. She was thinking of what to buy.

57. What does the title of the DVD reveal according to the shop assistant?

A. The elderly woman had some knowledge about movies.

B. The elderly woman liked movies for young children.

C. The elderly woman preferred movies her son liked.

D. The elderly woman liked both old and new movies.

58. While looking for the DVD with the old woman, the shop assistant was ______.

A. hesitant   B. casual      C. cautious    D. considerate

59. What is the main purpose of this passage?

A. To describe what a movie nut is like

B. To remind readers to spending more time accompanying family

C. To stress the importance of company and understanding.

D. To explore the key aspects of current parental-child relationship 

(B)

As unpleasant emotions go, anxiety is the roughest. It's a vague, pit-of-the-stomach fear that sneaks up to you -- that unease you get when your boss says that she needs to talk to you right away, when the phone rings at 4:00 a.m., or when your dentist looks into your mouth and says "Hmm" for the third time.

Lingering anxiety can keep you up at night, make you irritable, undermine your ability to concentrate, and ruin your appetite. And the constant state of readiness generated by anxiety--- adrenaline pumping, heart racing, palms sweating--may contribute to high blood pressure and heart disease.

How to prevent anxiety then?

Meditate. Maybe you're just high-strung. If so, meditation(冥想) is worth a try. It cultivates a calmness that eases anxious feelings and offers a sense of control. A study at the University of Massachusetts found that volunteers who took an 8-week meditation course were considerably less anxious afterward. People who are high-strung find that they are dramatically calmer with 20 minutes of meditation in the morning and another 20 minutes after dinner.

Jog,walk, swim, or cycle. If you can't make time for meditation, be sure to make time for regular exercise. Exercise can have the same calming effect as meditation, particularly if it's something repetitive like running or swimming laps.

Treatment?

Remember to breathe. When you're anxious, you tend to hold your breath or breathe too shallowly. That makes you feel more anxious. Breathing slowly and deeply can have a calming effect. To make sure that you're breathing correctly, place your hand on your diaphragm(横膈膜), just below your rib cage(胸腔). Feel it rise with each inhalation(吸气) and fall with each exhalation.

Let's say you are anxious about your competence on the job. Ask yourself "What, in particular, am I afraid that I'll mess up?" Maybe you’re afraid that you get further behind and miss your deadlines. Or maybe you're worried that you're blowing it whenever you present your ideas in meetings. Are your worries founded? Have you had several near misses with deadlines? Are your suggestions routinely rejected? If not, the anxiety is needless. If there is a real problem, work on a solution: Pace yourself to better meet deadlines, or join a public speaking class.

60. Which of the following symptoms is NOT directly caused by anxiety?

A. Lower in concentration.        B. No appetite.

C. Heart racing.              D. High blood pressure.

61. According to the passage, what can be done to avoid anxiety?

A. Exercising regularly.         B. Keeping breath steady.

C. Breathing with the help of hands.     D. Adjusting the pace of life.

62. What is the last paragraph about?

A. Anxiety at work and its solutions.      B. People's anxiety about their capabilities.

C. The reason for someone's incompetence. D. The function of public speaking class.

(C)

Archaeologists used DNA taken from a broken clay pipe stem found in Maryland to build a picture of an enslaved woman who died around 200 years ago and had origins in modern-day Sierra Leone. One researcher called the work “a mind-blower.”

“In this particular context, and from that time period, I think it's a first,” team member Hannes Schroeder told The Washington Post. “To be able to get DNA from an object like a pipe stem is quite exciting. Also it is exciting for descendant(后裔) communities... Through this technology, they're able to make a connection not only to the site but potentially back to Africa.”

 The pipe stem was found at the Belvoir plantation in Crownsville, Maryland, where enslaved people lived until 1864 and where a likely slave cemetery was recently found. DNA taken from the pipe linked back to a woman either directly from or descended from the Mende people, who lived in west Africa, in an area now part of Sierra.

Julie Schablitsky, the chief archaeologist with the Maryland state highway administration, told The Post the discovery, based on saliva(唾液) absorbed into the clay pipe, was a “mind-blower”. She also said records show the existence of a slave trade route Sierra Leone to Annapolis, plied(定期往来) by British and American ships. "As soon as people stepped on those slave ships in Africa," she said, “whether they were from Benin or whether they were from Sierra Leone, wherever they were from, that identity was lost. Their humanity is stripped from. Who they are as a people has gone.”

The new analysis is part of ongoing research around Belvoir that has given descendants of the people enslaved there new insight into the lives of their ancestors. Speaking to The Post, Nancy Daniels, a genealogist from Laurel, Maryland, who thinks she is a descendant of enslaved families from Belvoir but was not linked to the research on the pipe, called the discovery “overwhelming.” “I'm sitting here about ready to cry,” she said. “I'm sorry. I'm so happy ... Thank God for the DNA.”

This year, events and ceremonies are being held to mark the 400th anniversary of the arrival of the first enslaved people in America, at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619. Slavery was effectively abandoned in the US on 1 January 1863, with the issue by Abraham Lincoln of the Emancipation Proclamation. It formally ended in December 1865, after the civil war, with the approval of the 13th amendment(修正案).

63. What does the phrase “a mind-blower” in paragraphs 1 and 4 refer to?

A.A surprise      B. A confusion      C. An excitement   D. A fascination

64. According to Hannes Schroeder, the pipe stem was of great significance because________.

A. it was the first direct evidence that slaves living in Maryland were originally from Africa.

B. it helped the archaeologists to draw a portrait of the enslaved woman.

C. it might contribute to identifying the birthplace of the descendant communities.

D. it contained genic clues to the ancestral background of its owner.

65. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. The owner of the pipe once lived in what is now an area in west Africa.

B. The history of slavery in America is an ongoing topic of concern.

C. African slaves lost their identities when they arrived at the Belvoir plantation.

D. Nancy Daniels, a genealogist was sorry for not being involved in the research.

66. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

1. DNA from an old pipe throws lights on the origins of the enslaved
2. A new research reveals the origins of enslaved African woman
3. The descendants of enslaved people seek their identities
4. DNA contributes to the breakthrough of a new research

Section C 

Directions: After reading the passage below, choose the best answers from the six statements according to what you have just read.

The price of a piece of history

A fresh lemon can be purchased for less than $1. But in 2008, Cowan's Auctions in Cincinnati sold a lemon blackened with age for $2,350.

What was so special about this lemon?      67      According to a handwritten note in ink attached to a partly sealed bottle containing the lemon, the fruit was picked in May 1842 by Washington's "old gardener" some 43 years after the first president's death

Two thousand dollars is a lot to pay for produce, even from the estate of a founding father. This sale, however, just might be considered a bargain compared with prices paid for other historical collectibles in recent years.      68      

Collecting a piece of history, or an object associated with a famous person, is not brand new. Ordinary objects with extraordinary stories have increasingly been coming to auction and achieving high prices, says Thomas Venning, director of Christie's department of books and manuscripts in London. Prices are being driven up, he says, by collectors in the U.S. and, increasingly, in Asia. The Hawking wheelchair, for example, was purchased by a private museum in China.

      69      For one thing, their history of ownership is both crucial and sometimes difficult to prove. Photographs of the famous person with the object, as well as documentation (such as letters, diaries or recollections by acquaintances referring to the object) can also help.       70      To evaluate the value of a Picasso painting, one can look at recent prices paid for other Picasso paintings of the same period, similar size or style. Finding another recent sale of a lemon planted by George Washington is a different matter.

Katie Horstman, head of Cowan's American History department, says she could find no comparable items for the lemon as she prepared the piece for its auction. Ms. Horstman nevertheless eventually arrived at the estimated value at $3,000 to $4,000, she says, by researching auction records for objects somehow associated with Washington that had appeared on the market.

Cowans ended up estimating the value of the lemon at $3,000 to $4,000, according to description on its website. Objects associated with Washington these days, Ms. Horstman says, can sell for anywhere from 1,000 up to tens of thousands of dollars.

IV. Summary Writing 

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Lower Oxygen Levels Threaten Marine Life

Oxygen in the oceans is being lost at an alarming rate, with “dead zones” expanding rapidly and hundreds more areas showing oxygen dangerously exhausted, putting sharks, tuna, marlin and other large fish species at particular risk. Dead zones, where oxygen is effectively absent, have quadrupled(翻两番) in extent in the last half-century, and there are also at least 700 areas where oxygen is at dangerously low levels, up from 45 when research was undertaken in the 1960s.

The reasons behind this environmental collapse are multiple. Among all, pollutants generated by the industrial world have been the most destructive force to cause the unbalance, including a rising tide of plastic waste, as well as other pollutants. Seas are about 26% more acidic than in pre-industrial times because of absorbing the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with damaging impacts on shellfish in particular.

Low oxygen levels are also associated with global heating, because the warmer water holds less oxygen and the heating causes stratification(分层), so there is less of the vital mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor layers. Oceans are expected to lose about 3-4% of their oxygen by the end of this century, but the impact will be much greater in the levels closest to the surface, where many species are concentrated, and in the mid to high latitudes.

Another major cause for lower oxygen is intensive farming. When excess artificial fertilizer from crops, or wastes from the meat industry, runs off the land and into rivers and seas, it feeds algae(藻类) which bloom and then cause oxygen consumption as they die and decay.

The problem of dead zones has been known about for decades, but little has been done to tackle it. Now is high time to take actions and help the oceans function better.

V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72. 面对紧急情况时，他是多么的冷静啊！ (How)

73. 致力于保护濒临灭绝的海洋生物，人人有责。 (commit)

74. 看到挂满枝头鲜红嫩绿的果实，他们不禁心生欢喜。(can’t help)

75. 当政府开始号召人们进行垃圾分类时，人们才意识到这是迈向保护环境的重要一步。(Only)

VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。

  2019学年第一学期奉贤区调研测试 (高三英语试卷参考答案)

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

1-5 ABDCA  6-10  BCBBA

11-13 DBB  14-16 CDB     17-20 DBBD

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

21. has taken  22. those   23.could  24.To convey  25. fated

26. Despite   27. who      28. because 29. what   30. that

31-40 BEAKJ  GCHFI

III. Reading Comprehension

41-55 BACDB   BCBDB   CBADA

56-59 CADC     60-62 DAA     63-66 CDBA

67-70 CABE 

IV. Summary Writing 

For reference:

Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Global warming is another cause. Finally intensive farming is also to blame for oxygen loss, because its wastes feeds algae, which consumes lots of oxygen. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.

Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly, which endangers marine life. Industrial pollutants, especially plastic waste and increased carbon dioxide, are the deadliest causes. Besides, global warming is responsible as it leads to lower oxygen storage and stratification. Finally, intensive farming also results in the oxygen loss. Measures should be taken to tackle this neglected threat.

V. Translation

72. How calm he was when (he was) faced with emergent situations/the emergency!

73. It is everyone’s duty to be committed to protecting the endangered marine life.

74. At the sight of the fruits with brilliant colors hanging on the branches, they couldn’t help feeling admiring them.

75. Only when the government called on the citizens to classify garbage did they realize that it was an important step towards protecting the environment.