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天津市南开区2020届高三下学期一模英语试题
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2019—2020学年度第二学期南开区三月线上考试
高三年级英语学科试题
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
2．本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例: Stand over there you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是 B。
1.The foreigners here are greatly impressed by the fact that _______ people from all walks of life are working hard for ________ new Tianjin.
A. /; a B. /; the
C. a; a D. the; the
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：这里的外国人对各行各业的人们为一个新天津努力工作印象深刻。people from all walks of life 是固定短语，表示“各行各业的人们”，表泛指，故用零冠词。Tian Jin被new修饰，且表示“一”的概念，故用不定冠词a。
2.－What about inviting Tracy to host the party?
－Good idea! She is very quick in mind. Oh, _______, here she comes.
A. don’t pull my leg B. a little bird told me
C. speak of the devil D. it’s a piece of cake
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查习惯表达辨析。句意：——邀请Tracy来主持派对怎么样？——好主意！她头脑敏捷。说曹操，曹操到。A. don’t pull my leg别跟我开玩笑；B. a little bird told me有人私下告诉我；C. speak of the devil说曹操，曹操就到；D. it’s a piece of cake小菜一碟。由“here she comes”可知，speak of the devil“说曹操，曹操就到”符合语境。故C选项正确。
3.A Chinese proverb has it that a tower is built when soil on earth ____, and a river is formed when streams come together.
A. accumulates B. accelerates C. accommodates D. associates
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国有句谚语:“积土成塔，聚水成河”。 A. accumulates 积累，聚集；B. accelerates加速，增加；C. accommodates容纳，适应；D. associates联合。根据语意，泥土堆积一起，才能修建塔。故选A项。
4.― Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_____. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so
C. I couldn’t agree more D. I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景对话。句意：只有那些有很多共同点的人可以相处得很好。---_____。有时候异性相吸。A. I hope not我希望不会；B. I think so我也这么想；C. I couldn’t agree more我完全同意； D. I beg to differ恕我不能赞同。根据“有时候异性相吸”，可知对方持有不同的意见。故选D项。
5.In many countries in the world, breakfast is a snack _____ a meal, but the traditional English breakfast is a full meal.
A. less than B. better than C. other than D. rather than
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：在世界上许多国家，早餐是小吃而不是一顿饭，但传统的英国早餐是一顿完整的餐。A. less than少于；B. better than好于；C. other than除了，不同于；D. rather than而不是。根据语意，很多国家的早餐都是小吃，不是完整的一餐。故选D项。
6.More and more people prefer to live in the countryside, _______ appeal for them lies in the quiet and slow-paced life.
A. who B. Which
C. whose D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：越来越多的人喜欢住在农村，农村对人们的吸引力在于安静和慢节奏的生活。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是the countryside，从句中不缺主语和宾语，缺少定语，故C项正确。
7._____ his conclusion on the evidence he collected on the spot, he proved that the murderer was guilty.
A. Based B. Basing C. To base D. Being based
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据他当场搜集的证据得出的结论，证明凶手是有罪的。base…on意为“以……为依据”，base的逻辑主语是句子的主语he，它们之间存在主动关系，所以应该用base的现在分词形式basing，在句子中做方式状语。故选B项。
【点睛】现在分词作状语，通常表示主语正在进行的另一个动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以解释或说明，它可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语，相当于相对应的状语从句；现在分词做状语，它与逻辑主语（即句子的主语）之间存在主动关系。本题中base的逻辑主语是句子的主语he，它们之间存在主动关系，所以应该用base的现在分词形式basing，在句子中做方式状语。故选B项。
8.The exchange student from Kenya often shares with us the news of his country and ____of his neighbouring countries.
A. those B. that C. it D. the one
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：来自肯尼亚的交换生经常与我们分享他的国家和邻国的新闻。the news为不可数名词，用that 来代指，不可以用the one。故选B。
9.The science competition is a good opportunity to show students _____ creativity can add new value to their school life.
A. where B. whether C. how D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个科技竞赛是一个很好的可以向学生展示创新是怎样能给校园生活增加新价值的机会。A. where在……的地方；B. whether是否；C. how如何；D. when当……的时候。此处应使用how引导，表示方式。故选C。
10. Five workers ____ the mine disaster. After the injured ___ to the hospital doctors and nurses immediately got down to saving their lives.
A. was survived; rushed
B. survived from; were rushed
C. survived; was rushed
D. survived; were rushed
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意：五个工人在矿难中幸存，在伤员被紧急送往医院后，医生和护士立刻开始救他们的命。第一空survive，做为“幸存”是及物动词，workers和survive是主动关系，排除AB，第二空rush表示“紧急送某人去……”是及物动词，the injured和rush是被动关系，且the injured表示一类人，故谓语动词用复数。故选D。
11.When first coming to the city, my parents often had a chat with neighbors, just as they _____ in the countryside.
A. will do B. had done C. have done D. were doing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当第一次来到城市时，我的父母经常和邻居聊天，就像他们在农村时一样。分析句子可知，as引导的方式状语从句的动作发生在谓语动词之前，而谓语动词had是一般过去时，所以方式状语从句的动词应该用过去完成时。故选B项。
【点睛】过去完成时：表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的影响或是结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成的时间。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，侧重事情的结果。如本题中，as引导的方式状语从句的动作发生在谓语动词之前，而谓语动词had是一般过去时，所以方式状语从句的动词应该用过去完成时。故选B项。
12.—Mr. Johnson I’m really sorry ________ you waiting for so long a time.
—I know you are very busy at the moment.
A. to have kept B. to keep
C. to be keeping D. to have been kept
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：——约翰逊先生，我真的很抱歉让你等了这么长时间。——我知道你现在很忙。be sorry to do sth.“抱歉做某事”，此处是动词不定式做原因状语，非谓语动词keep的动作明显先于谓语动词，所以用动词不定式的完成式，故选A。
13.They were initially looking forward to having an overseas wedding but had to drop the idea after facing _____ from parents.
A. recognition B. toleration C. opposition D. presentation
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻原本打算在海外举行婚礼，但由于遭到父母的反对，不得不放弃了这个想法。A. recognition识别；B. toleration宽容；C. opposition反对；D. presentation展示，呈现。根据文中had to drop the idea(不得不放弃这个想法)，可知是遇到父母的反对了。故选C项。
14.Billy Crystal will host the Academy Awards again this year, and his performances always _____ the expectations of most audience.
A. sign up for B. drop out of C. give in to D. live up to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Billy Crystal今年将再次主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼，他的表现总是不辜负大多数观众的期望。A. sign up for报名参加；B. drop out of退出；C. give in to屈服于；D. live up to不辜负，做到。根据前文，Billy Crystal再一次能主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼，说明他做到让观众很喜欢他，没有辜负观众的期望。故选D项。
15.—Tony _______ what I did annoying though he didn’t say anything.
—So you think you will have to make an apology?
A. could find B. should have found
C. might find D. must have found
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：—Tony一定觉得我做的事很烦人，尽管他什么也没说。—所以你认为你得道歉吗?。由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。
【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：
You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）
6.“would ＋ have ＋ 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
分析句子可知，由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。
第二节:完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。
With his leg lame and his teeth uneven, the boy thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world. He ____16____played with his classmates, and when asked to answer questions, he always ____17____his head without a word.
One spring, his father brought home some saplings (树苗).___18___of his children would plant a sapling and he promised, "Whoever ____19____ his sapling best shall get a gift." The boy certainly wanted to get the gift.___20___seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees, he___21___ an idea: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So watering it once or twice, he never___22___ it.
Several days later, he was ____23____ to find it not only didn't die, but also grew so many fresh ____24____. Compared with those of his brothers and sisters, his appeared greener. His father kept his ___25___, bought the boy a gift and said he would become an outstanding____26____ after growing up.
From then on, the boy slowly became___27___ and confident. One evening, he suddenly____28____ his biology teacher once said that plants ____29____ grow at night. Why not go to see the tree?
When he came to the courtyard, he found his father working near the tree! Immediately he ____30____: Father had been secretly ____31____ his tree! He returned to his room, tears in his eyes.
Decades passed. The boy didn't become a botanist. ____32____, he became the U.S._____33_____. His name was Franklin Roosevelt.
____34____ is the best nourishment (滋养品) of life. ____35____ it is just a bucket of water, it can make the tree of life grow well!
16. A. seldom B. ever C. still D. often
17. A. held B. raised C. lowered D. covered
18. A. Both B. Each C. One D. None
19. A. likes B. protects C. watches D. grows
20. A. But B. So C. Or D. And
21. A. came up with B. got rid of C. cared for D. put forward
22. A. contributed to B. attended to C. got used to D. turned to
23. A. amused B. frightened C. disappointed D. surprised
24. A. roots B. branches C. leaves D. seeds
25. A. opinion B. balance C. agreement D. word
26. A. teacher B. gardener C. botanist D. president
27. A. satisfied B. upset C. independent D. optimistic
28. A. remembered B. believed C. repeated D. knew
29. A. hardly B. generally C. recently D. probably
30. A. doubted B. admitted C. wondered D. understood
31. A. cutting B. watering C. decorating D. fertilizing
32. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. Moreover
33. A. lawyer B. doctor C. president D. teacher
34. A. Love B. Water C. Disability D. Father
35. A. So long as B. If only C. Now that D. Even though
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于叙事说理文，讲述了一个认为自己天生不幸的小男孩，经过一次种树的经历，受到父亲的鼓励和帮助而变得自信，后来成为美国总统的故事。文章旨在告诉读者，爱是滋润孩子心灵的最好的养料。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。根据文章第一句话可知，小男孩认为自己不幸运，因此很少和同学玩，故选seldom。A. seldom很少；B. ever曾经； C. still仍然；D. often经常。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。lower one's head “低下头”。小男孩自卑，与之相符的是低头逃避回答问题。A. held拿；B. raised提高；C. lowered低头；D. covered覆盖。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。根据第三段中的“Compared with those of his brothers and sisters…”可知父亲让每个孩子种一棵树。A. Both两者都；B. Each每个；C. One一个；D. None没有人，故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。父亲承诺树种得最好的人可以获得奖品，故选grow。A. likes喜欢；B. protects保护；C. watches观看；D. grows生长。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。小男孩也想得到父亲的礼物，但是当看到兄弟姐妹都在细心呵护小树时，便失去了信心，选择了放弃，表示转折。故选A。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。A. came up with想出； B. got rid of除掉；C. cared for关心； D. put forward提出。根据he ____6____ an idea可知，他提出一个想法。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。根据So watering it once or twice, he never ___7___ it.可知，所以给它浇一两次水，他从来没有照顾过。A. contributed to有助于；B. attended to照顾，关心； C. got used to习惯于；D. turned to求助于，致力于。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。小树的成长和小男孩的心理预期相反，所以他感到惊讶，故选surprised。A. amused愉悦的，感到有趣的；B. frightened恐惧的； C. disappointed失望的; D. surprised失望的。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。根据Compared with those of his brothers and sisters, his appeared greener.可知，与他的哥哥姐姐的树相比，他的树变得更绿，故可知，树长出树叶，因此变绿了。A. roots根； B. branches树枝；C. leaves树叶；D. seeds种子。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。keep one's word “信守诺言”，和前文父亲的promise相呼应。A. opinion观点；B. balance平衡；C. agreement协议；D. word 诺言。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。根据文章倒数第二段中“The little boy didn't become a botanist.”可知，父亲说小男孩会成为植物学家。A. teacher老师；B. gardener园丁；C. botanist植物学家；D. president总统。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。第一段中小男孩不与同学交往和不回答问题，表明他悲观、不开朗、不自信。 种树事件是他第一次有好运气，第一次成功，无疑对他起到积极的作用，此前精神低落的状态逐渐改变。另外结合confident一词，应选optimistic。A. satisfied满意的；B. upset沮丧的； C. independent独立的; D. optimistic乐观的。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。根据his biology teacher once said that plants__ grow at night. 可知是回忆起。A. remembered记得；B. believed相信； C. repeated重复；D. knew知道。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。根据once said和后句“Why not go to see his tree？”可知，小男孩回想起来生物老师说过植物一般在晚间生长(此为常识)，故选generally。A. hardly几乎不；B. generally一般地； C. recently最近；D. probably或许。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。看到眼前的景象，小男孩立刻明白了(恍然大悟), 是父亲在暗中帮助他给树浇水。A. doubted怀疑；B. admitted承认; C. wondered想知道；D. understood理解。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。根据上文内容，可知这里意思是他的父亲已经悄悄给小树浇过水了。A. cutting切割；B. watering浇水；C. decorating装饰； D. fertilizing施肥。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。根据前后句The boy didn't become a botanist. ____17____, he became the U.S._____18_____.可知，没有成为植物学家，成为了美国总统，此处表示转折关系。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Instead代替;D. Moreover此外。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。根据___17___, he became the U.S.____18____.相反，他成了美国总统。A. lawyer律师；B. doctor医生；C. president总统；D. teacher老师。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。小男孩和小树的共同点是都得到了关爱。A. Love爱；B. Water水；C. Disability残疾；D. Father父亲。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查连词短语词义辨析。根据___20___ it is just a bucket of water, it can make the tree of life grow well!可知，即使只是一桶水，它也能使生命之树茁壮成长! A. so long as 只要；B. if only要是……就好了；C. now that既然；D. even though 即使。故选D。
【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。本题第5小题，小男孩也想得到父亲的礼物，但是当看到兄弟姐妹都在细心呵护小树时，便失去了信心，选择了放弃，表示转折。故选A。
第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
A
Fitness Center Timetable
Body Power: This class uses weights and aerobic movements (a form of very active physical exercise) to increase strength while burning fat. It is suitable for all levels for fitness.
Aerobics: This is a low to middle level of difficulty aerobic class. It is good for beginner to average levels of fitness.
Beginner Aerobics: This class has a low level of difficulty and simple aerobic movements. It is mainly for people who have not exercised before or who are just returning after a long break or injury.
Body Stretch (hold your arms or legs out straight and tighten your muscles): This is a relaxation class which stretches all the muscle groups. It is suitable for all levels of fitness. People who exercise regularly or have a stressful lifestyle would also greatly improve their health in this class.
Body Burn: This is a high level of difficulty aerobic class that mainly aims at fat burning. It is only for those people with a very high level of fitness.
36. On Wednesday the fitness class at 6: 30 p. m. is _____.
A. Aerobics B. Body Power
C. Body Burn D. Beginner Aerobics
37. The two classes that are suitable for all levels of fitness are _____.
A. Aerobics and Body Power B. Body Burn and Aerobics
C. Body Power and Body Stretch D. Body Stretch and Beginner Aerobics
38. Lena wants to go to the City Gym on Friday. She has not exercised for a long time. The best time for her to go would be _____.
A. 3:00 p.m. B. 5:30 p.m.
C. 7:15 a. m. D. 12:30 p.m.
39. The main goal of the Body Burn is to _____.
A. reduce fat B. reduce stress
C. increase strength D. increase muscle size
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. D 39. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些运动健身项目，以及具体的课程时间安排。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格可知，星期三下午6点半的课是Body Burn。故选C项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Body Power中It is suitable for all levels for fitness. (它适用于所有级别的健身。) 根据倒数第二段Body Stretch中It is suitable for all levels of fitness. (它适用于所有级别的健身。)可知，Body Power和Body Stretch适合所有级别的健身。故选C项。
38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Beginner Aerobics: This class has a low level of difficulty and simple aerobic movements. It is mainly for people who have not exercised before or who are just returning after a long break or injury. (Beginner Aerobics：本课程难度低，有氧运动简单。它主要是针对那些以前没有锻炼过的人，或者是在长时间的休息或受伤后刚刚恢复的人。)可知，Beginner Aerobics这个课程适合Lena，所以适合上课时间是周五的12点半。故选D项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Body Burn: This is a high level of difficulty aerobic class that mainly aims at fat burning. (这是一个高难度的有氧课程，主要目的是燃烧脂肪。)可知，Body Burn的主要目的是减少脂肪。故选A项。
B
As I jogged over the bridge and round the corner on my regular early morning run, he was standing opposite the jeweler’s, looking extremely suspicious. But the moment he saw me, instead of trying to avoid me, he came straight across the road as I drew level with the jeweler’s. Halfway across he began addressing me: “I thought you were going to…” — but his voice trailed away as he received no reply and no sign of recognition from me. It was quite obvious that he had mistaken me for someone else. But he started up again as if nothing had happened．“Good morning, ” he said．“Nice to bump into someone so early. Someone to talk to. I’ve taken to talking to myself on this job.”
I hate meeting people when I’m out early, and I was almost out of breath, so I just paused in my stride, nodded in a friendly manner, and went on up the road. The stranger had spoken quietly, and quite slowly. And I had noticed that he was well dressed, too. But if he looked suspicious dressed like that at that time of the morning, what about me? I was in a track suit, with an old sweater round my shoulders and a cap on my head．As to his odd remark about “talking to himself on this job”, I hadn’t paid any attention to it, although now it began to worry me. Was he perhaps a plain clothes policeman? At the time I somehow felt he was.
I had just turned the corner into the High Street when I heard the sound of breaking glass somewhere behind me, and I thought the sound came from the street I had just left. I stopped dead and almost without thinking looked back around the corner. The stranger was not there, but almost immediately an alarm bell in the jeweler’s began ringing furiously.
I found out later that a burglar had broken into the jeweler’s shop and stolen watches and rings worth about ￡5,000. The police are still looking into the matter, but I’m afraid to go and tell them what I know now because they might even suspect me of committing the crime, and it might be difficult for me to prove my innocence. After all, I haven’t offered my assistance as a witness, and the only other person around that morning was the “stranger” who had spoken to me.
40. From the passage we can infer that the author _____.
A. always goes past the jeweler’s
B. didn’t like talking to the strangers
C. meets a few people every morning
D. saw a plain clothes policeman that morning
41. Why did the stranger talk to the author?
A. Because the stranger took the author as someone else.
B. Because the stranger loved talking to people.
C. Because the stranger recognized the writer.
D. Because the stranger took a job of talking to himself.
42. Why did the stranger seem suspicious?
A. He was about to go into the jeweler’s.
B. He was far too friendly.
C. He was dressed too well for that time.
D. He talked to himself a lot.
43. If the writer had been on the spot, _____.
A. he might have been badly injured
B. he would have seen what happened
C. he wouldn’t have heard the alarm bell
D. the stranger wouldn’t have broken the window
44. What idea does the author convey in the last paragraph?
A. he thinks the stranger is innocent
B. the burglar didn’t steal very much
C. he might commit the crime to the police
D. he hesitates whether to report to the police about what he knew
【答案】40. B 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者晨跑时，碰到一个行为装扮怪异的人，这个人可能是砸珠宝店的罪犯，但作者因为没有证据，所以不敢去报警。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中I hate meeting people when I’m out early, and I was almost out of breath, so I just paused in my stride, nodded in a friendly manner, and went on up the road. (我不喜欢在大清早出门的时候见人，我几乎喘不过气来，所以我只是大踏步暂停了一下，友好地点了点头，然后继续走路。) 可推断出，作者不喜欢跟陌生人讲话。B. didn’t like talking to the strangers. (不喜欢和陌生人讲话。) 符合题意。故选B项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中It was quite obvious that he had mistaken me for someone else. (很明显，他把我错当成别人了。)可知，这个陌生人认错人了。A. Because the stranger took the author as someone else. (因为那个陌生人把作者当成了别人。) 符合题意。故选A项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“And I had noticed that he was well dressed, too. But if he looked suspicious dressed like that at that time of the morning,”(我注意到他也穿得很好，但如果他早上那个时候穿成那样看起来很可疑，那我呢?) 可推知，那个陌生人是因为穿着而显得可疑。C. He was dressed too well for that time. (他那时候穿得太讲究了。) 符合题意。故选C项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据这道题中If the writer had been on the spot (如果作者当时在现场)，可知，这是由If引导的虚拟条件句，had been为谓语动词，时态为过去完成时，可知这是对过去的事情的假设。根据常识，犯罪活动一般发生在没有其他人的情况，因为那样会留下证人，所以假如作者当时在珠宝店那里，那个陌生人应该不会砸窗户。故选D项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中and it might be difficult for me to prove my innocence. After all, I haven’t offered my assistance as a witness, and the only other person around that morning was the “stranger” who had spoken to me. (要证明我的清白可能很难。毕竟，我没有作为目击者提供帮助，那天早上周围唯一的另一个人就是和我说话的“陌生人”。) 可知，作者没有去报警，因为他无法提供有力的证据证明那个陌生人就是罪犯，反而可能会让他自己成为嫌疑犯，所以他犹豫了。D. he hesitates whether to report to the police about what he knew (他犹豫是否要向警方报告他所知道的情况) 符合题意。故选D项。
C
I have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happened to be that put-upon member of society ― a customer. The more I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more I’m convinced that things are being run just to suit the firm, the system, or the union. There seems to be a new motto for the so-called “service” organization ― Staff Before Service. How often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there aren’t enough staff on duty at all the service counters? Surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to increase counter staff. Yet supermarkets, hinting darkly at higher prices, claim that bringing all their cash registers into operation at any time would increase expenses. And the Post Office says we cannot expect all their service counters to be occupied “at times when demand is low”.
It’s the same with hotels. Because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is lowered. As for us guests (and how the meaning of that word has been cut away little by little.), we just have to put up with it. There’s also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been gradually withdrawn from service in the interests of “efficiency” (i.e. profits) and replaced by coin-eating machines which supply everything from beer to medicine, not to mention the creeping（慢慢加剧的） threat of the tea-making set in your room: a kettle with teabags, milk bags and sugar. Who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? I don’t, especially when I am paying for “service”.
Our only hope is to repeat our anger whenever and wherever we can and, if all else fails, restore that other, older saying ― Take Our Custom（买卖） Elsewhere.
45. The author feels that nowadays customers are _____.
A. not provided with proper service
B. considered to be lower members of society
C. not worthy of special treatment
D. regarded as privileged
46. In the author’s opinion, the quality of service is changing because _____.
A. more consideration is given to the staff than customers
B. customers are becoming more demanding
C. customers are unwilling to be satisfied with
D. the staff are less considerate than employers
47. According to the author, long queues at counters are caused by _____.
A. deliberate（故意的）understaffing
B. lack of cooperation among staff
C. the reducing supply of good staff
D. inefficient staff
48. The disappearance of old-style hotel porters can be attributed to the fact that _____.
A. the personal touch is less appreciated nowadays
B. few people are willing to do this type of work
C. machines are more reliable than human beings
D. self-service provides a cheaper alternative
49. The author’s final solution to the problem discussed in the passage is _____.
A. to put up with whatever service is provided
B. to fully use all kinds of coin-eating machines
C. to make strong complaints wherever necessary
D. to go where good service is available
【答案】45. A 46. A 47. A 48. D 49. D
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章作者首先指出在很多服务行业里，消费者得不到适当的服务，这归咎于这些行业把利益看的很高，不愿投入更多的人力成本，最后作者给出建议，如果在一个地方得不到好的服务，就换个更好的地方。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中I have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happened to be that put-upon member of society ― a customer. (我已经受够了被当作二等公民的待遇，仅仅因为我碰巧是那个被社会欺骗的成员——一个顾客。)可知，作者作为消费者时，觉得自己是个二等公民，说明消费者没有被很好的对待。A. not provided with proper service (没有提供适当的服务) 符合题意。故选A项。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中The more I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more I’m convinced that things are being run just to suit the firm, the system, or the union. There seems to be a new motto for the so-called “service” organization ― Staff Before Service. (我越是走进商店、旅馆、银行、邮局、火车站、机场等地，就越是确信，这些东西只是为了公司、系统或工会的利益而运行的。对于所谓的“服务”组织来说，似乎有一个新的座右铭——员工先于服务。)可知，在商场、酒店、银行等行业里，作者的体会这些行业把员工作为第一考虑要素，而顾客就相对于没有那么重要了。A. more consideration is given to the staff than customers (考虑更多的是顾客，而不是员工) 符合题意。故选A项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中How often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there aren’t enough staff on duty at all the service counters? (例如，你有多少次在邮局或超市排了几个小时的队，因为所有的服务台都没有足够的工作人员值班?) 可知，人们在商场等出现排队现象，就是因为这些行业里没有配备足够的员工。A. deliberate（故意的）understaffing (故意没有配备足够的人员) 符合题意。故选A项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中There’s also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been gradually withdrawn from service in the interests of “efficiency” (i.e. profits) and replaced by coin-eating machines which supply everything from beer to medicine. (还有这么多友好的酒店夜班行李员被公司因为“效率”(即利润)而解雇，取而代之的是提供从啤酒到药品等一切东西的吃硬币的机器。) 可推测，酒店用投币器来取代酒店的夜班服务员，那是因为投币器对于酒店来说成本更少。D. self-service provides a cheaper alternative (自助服务提供了一种更便宜的选择) 符合题意。故选D项。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Our only hope is to repeat our anger whenever and wherever we can and, if all else fails, restore that other, older saying ― Take Our Custom（买卖） Elsewhere. (我们唯一的希望就是随时随地重复我们的愤怒，如果其他所有的都失败了，那就回复到另一个，俗话说-换个地方。) 可推测出，作者认为在某些地方没有得到相应的服务，那么消费者就会到别的地方去消费。D. to go where good service is available (去有优质服务的地方) 符合题意。故选D项。
D
A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and wars. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors ― or of people very different from our own ― can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than what can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented: that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Franciso Goya was perhaps the first truly political artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May, 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso’s Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clements Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros ― as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martinez ― showed these Mexican artists’ deep anger and sadness about social problems.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. Four hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic（伊斯兰教的）belief that statues are unholy（不神圣的；亵渎的）.
50. Which of the following sentences is WRONG according to the passage?
A. Art history concentrates on religious beliefs, emotions and psychology only.
B. Art can provide information about the everyday activities of ancient people.
C. Information and facts about politics are given objectively in history.
D. Franciso Goya was perhaps the first truly political artist.
51. History books are objective because _____.
A. personal and emotional opinions are expressed through it
B. it will make the viewers angry and sad about history
C. it can help us understand historical facts better
D. opinions about facts are not expressed
52. The two pictures The Third of May, 1808 and Guernica mentioned in paragraph 2 show that _____.
A. art is subjective
B. artists are very similar even over a hundred years
C. art can reflect political life of a country
D. history books present objective information
53. In paragraph 2, the underlined “another continent” refers to _____.
A. Europe B. America
C. Mexico D. Middle East
54. The passage is mainly discussing _____.
A. the difference between general history and art history
B. the development of art history
C. the influence of artists on art history
D. what we can learn from art
55. It may be concluded from this passage that _____.
A. Islamic artists focus on creating architectural decorations with pictures of flowers or geometric (几何) forms
B. history teachers are more objective than artists
C it is more difficult to study art history than general history
D. people and stories from the Bible were painted on churches and other buildings in order to popularize the Bible
【答案】50. A 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了解艺术史比上历史课能更好的了解一种文化，因为艺术作品中倾注了创作人的思想情感，可以更好地反映某个特定时期的历史以及某个特定地域的文化。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. (但艺术史关注的远不止这些，因为艺术不仅反映了一个民族的政治价值观，而且还反映了宗教信仰、情感和心理。)可知，艺术史既反映了一个民族的政治价值观，也反映了宗教信仰、情感和心理。A. Art history concentrates on religious beliefs, emotions and psychology only. (艺术史只关注宗教信仰、情感和心理。) 符合题意。故选A项。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented: that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. (在历史书中，关于一个国家政治生活的客观信息被呈现出来：也就是说，给出了政治事实，但是观点没有被表达出来。) 可知，历史书只呈现客观历史事件，不会表达感情。D. opinions about facts are not expressed (观点不会被表达出来。) 符合题意。故选D项。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions.( 另一方面，艺术是主观的:它反映情感和观点。) 可知，艺术是主观的。然后作者用一些例子来支持自己的观点，包括The Third of May, 1808 and Guernica这两个作品，所以可以推测，作者举这两个例子，就是为了证明艺术是主观的。A. art is subjective (艺术是主观的) 符合题意。故选A项。
【53题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clements Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros ― as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martinez ― showed these Mexican artists’ deep anger and sadness about social problems. (与此同时，在另一个大陆上，Diego Rivera, Jose Clements Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros他们这些大师的作品，以及Alfredo Ramos Martinez的作品，展示了这些墨西哥艺术家对社会问题的深深愤怒和悲伤。) 可知，这些墨西哥艺术家指就是来自于another continent的艺术家们，所以another continent指的是美洲。此题的干扰项是C. Mexico，但墨西哥是个国家，不是洲。故选B项。
【54题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general classes. (学习艺术史可能是了解一种文化的好方法，比在一般课堂上学到的要多。) 可知，文章开篇点名主题，所以本文主要讲述了我们可以从艺术中学到什么。D. what we can learn from art. (我们可以从艺术中学到什么。) 符合题意。故选D项。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic（伊斯兰教的）belief that statues are unholy（不神圣的；亵渎的）.(相比之下，中东艺术的主要特征之一是，现在仍然是，缺少人类和动物的形象。这反映了伊斯兰教徒认为，雕像是邪恶的。) 可推测出，伊斯兰教徒们因为信仰，所以很少画人类和动物，所以转而用花卉等艺术形象进行创作。A. Islamic artists focus on creating architectural decorations with pictures of flowers or geometric (几何) forms. (伊斯兰艺术家专注于开发建筑装饰与鲜花的照片或几何形式) 符合题意。故选A项。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词，说明文就去看文章的中心话题)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。如第4小题，文章开篇点名主题，所以本文主要讲述了我们可以从艺术中学到什么。D. what we can learn from art. (我们可以从艺术中学到什么。)故选D项。
第一节
阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。
In 1978, I was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney, Australia. I was looking forward to having five days off from duty. Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车).
I waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me. Finally, a man walked over and introduced himself as Gordon. He said that although he couldn’t give me a lift, I should come back to his house for lunch. He noticed me standing for hours in the extreme heat and thought I must be hungry. I was doubtful as a young girl but he assured me I was safe, and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards. When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home.
Twenty-five years later, in 2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the scorching heat, trying to hitch a ride. I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.
After a few moments of small talk, the man said to me, “You haven’t changed a bit, even your red hair is still the same.”
I couldn’t remember where I’d met him. He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago. It was Gordon.
56. Why did the author have to hitch a ride? (no more than 8 words)
57. What did Gordon do to help the author? (no more than 11 words)
58. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean? (1 word)
59. Why did the author pull over and pick up the elderly man in 2003? (no more than 10 words)
60. Will you offer any help to a stranger who seems in trouble? Why or why not? (no more than 20 words)
【答案】56. Because she missed the only train back home. / Because the only train back home had left.
57. He made her sandwiches and helped her find a lift home./He gave her lunch and helped her find a lift.
58. Extreme./Intense.
59. Because she wanted to repay the favour she once got.
60. Open
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个人在25年前帮助过作者，而25年后，作者无意中的善举又帮助了他。这就是俗话说的：好心有好报。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车). (不幸的是，每天唯一一趟回悉尼家的火车已经开走了。所以我想搭个便车。) 可知，作者之所以想搭便车，是因为错过了最后一趟火车。故答Because she missed the only train back home. / Because the only train back home had left.
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home. (我们到他家时，他给我们做了三明治。午饭后，他找人把我送回了家。)可知，这为好心人不但给我做了饭，还找人开车送我回家。故答He made her sandwiches and helped her find a lift home./He gave her lunch and helped her find a lift.
【58题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的heat“高温”，是个名词，前面需要一个形容词修饰，做定语；又根据第三段中I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water. (我让他舒服地坐在后座上，给他一些水喝。)可推测，外面的天气是非常炎热的。故答Extreme./Intense.
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. (我认为这是我报答别人几十年前对我的恩惠的又一次机会。)可知，作者对以前的得到过的帮助一直铭记在心，她想借此机会帮助别人来报答帮助过他的好人。故答Because she wanted to repay the favour she once got.。
【60题详解】
开放题。要注意回答时，先表明自己的观点，再说明原因。
第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分）
61.假设你是李津，为即将来天津上大学的外国朋友Albert物色好了房屋。请你给 他发一封邮件告知他相关情况。主要内容包括：
1. 房屋位置：富力花园17楼，交通便利，临近校园；
2. 面积大小：50平米，一室一厅，厨卫齐全；
3. 屋内陈设：家具、空调等；
4. 租金情况：月付人民币1000元或年付人民币11000。
注意1. 词数不少于100；
2. 适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
参考词汇：富力花园 Fuli Garden
Hello, Albert.
I have good news to tell you that I have found a flat for you in my city.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【答案】Hello, Albert.
I have good news to tell you that I have found a flat for you in my city. The flat is on the 17th floor in
Fuli Garden, which is not far away from the university you will study in. There are lots of basic facilities nearby, such as the banks, stores, restaurants, and so on. In a word, it's very convenient for your life.
The whole flat covers about 50 square meters with a living room, a bedroom, a kitchen, a bathroom and a balcony, which I think can satisfy your fundamental needs. It's also equipped with a refrigerator, a TV set, a washing machine, an air conditioner and the high-speed WiFi.
As to the rent, it can be paid per month (1,000 RMB) or per year (11,000 RMB). If you are interested in it, please e-mail me as soon as possible.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封邮件，告知即将来天津上大学的外国朋友Albert，他帮忙租到的房子的详细情况。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：告知房屋的详细情况
1）房屋的位置。（location of the flat）
2）周围的环境。（surroundings of the flat）
3) 房屋内容的设施。（facilities in the flat）
4) 房屋的价钱。（price of the flat）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
far away from; facilities; In a word; be convenient for; fundamental needs; be equipped with; as soon as possible.;look forward to;
第三步：连词成句
1. Fuli Garden is not far away from the university.
2. There are lots of basic facilities nearby.
3. In a word, it's very convenient for your life.
4. I think it can satisfy your fundamental needs.
5. It's also equipped with a refrigerator.
6. Looking forward to your early reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Fuli Garden, which is not far away from the university you will study in. 这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；如：If you are interested in it, please e-mail me as soon as possible. 这句话运用了If引导的条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
高三年级英语学科试题
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
2．本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例: Stand over there you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是 B。
1.The foreigners here are greatly impressed by the fact that _______ people from all walks of life are working hard for ________ new Tianjin.
A. /; a B. /; the
C. a; a D. the; the
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：这里的外国人对各行各业的人们为一个新天津努力工作印象深刻。people from all walks of life 是固定短语，表示“各行各业的人们”，表泛指，故用零冠词。Tian Jin被new修饰，且表示“一”的概念，故用不定冠词a。
2.－What about inviting Tracy to host the party?
－Good idea! She is very quick in mind. Oh, _______, here she comes.
A. don’t pull my leg B. a little bird told me
C. speak of the devil D. it’s a piece of cake
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查习惯表达辨析。句意：——邀请Tracy来主持派对怎么样？——好主意！她头脑敏捷。说曹操，曹操到。A. don’t pull my leg别跟我开玩笑；B. a little bird told me有人私下告诉我；C. speak of the devil说曹操，曹操就到；D. it’s a piece of cake小菜一碟。由“here she comes”可知，speak of the devil“说曹操，曹操就到”符合语境。故C选项正确。
3.A Chinese proverb has it that a tower is built when soil on earth ____, and a river is formed when streams come together.
A. accumulates B. accelerates C. accommodates D. associates
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国有句谚语:“积土成塔，聚水成河”。 A. accumulates 积累，聚集；B. accelerates加速，增加；C. accommodates容纳，适应；D. associates联合。根据语意，泥土堆积一起，才能修建塔。故选A项。
4.― Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_____. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so
C. I couldn’t agree more D. I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景对话。句意：只有那些有很多共同点的人可以相处得很好。---_____。有时候异性相吸。A. I hope not我希望不会；B. I think so我也这么想；C. I couldn’t agree more我完全同意； D. I beg to differ恕我不能赞同。根据“有时候异性相吸”，可知对方持有不同的意见。故选D项。
5.In many countries in the world, breakfast is a snack _____ a meal, but the traditional English breakfast is a full meal.
A. less than B. better than C. other than D. rather than
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：在世界上许多国家，早餐是小吃而不是一顿饭，但传统的英国早餐是一顿完整的餐。A. less than少于；B. better than好于；C. other than除了，不同于；D. rather than而不是。根据语意，很多国家的早餐都是小吃，不是完整的一餐。故选D项。
6.More and more people prefer to live in the countryside, _______ appeal for them lies in the quiet and slow-paced life.
A. who B. Which
C. whose D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：越来越多的人喜欢住在农村，农村对人们的吸引力在于安静和慢节奏的生活。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是the countryside，从句中不缺主语和宾语，缺少定语，故C项正确。
7._____ his conclusion on the evidence he collected on the spot, he proved that the murderer was guilty.
A. Based B. Basing C. To base D. Being based
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据他当场搜集的证据得出的结论，证明凶手是有罪的。base…on意为“以……为依据”，base的逻辑主语是句子的主语he，它们之间存在主动关系，所以应该用base的现在分词形式basing，在句子中做方式状语。故选B项。
【点睛】现在分词作状语，通常表示主语正在进行的另一个动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以解释或说明，它可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语，相当于相对应的状语从句；现在分词做状语，它与逻辑主语（即句子的主语）之间存在主动关系。本题中base的逻辑主语是句子的主语he，它们之间存在主动关系，所以应该用base的现在分词形式basing，在句子中做方式状语。故选B项。
8.The exchange student from Kenya often shares with us the news of his country and ____of his neighbouring countries.
A. those B. that C. it D. the one
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：来自肯尼亚的交换生经常与我们分享他的国家和邻国的新闻。the news为不可数名词，用that 来代指，不可以用the one。故选B。
9.The science competition is a good opportunity to show students _____ creativity can add new value to their school life.
A. where B. whether C. how D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这个科技竞赛是一个很好的可以向学生展示创新是怎样能给校园生活增加新价值的机会。A. where在……的地方；B. whether是否；C. how如何；D. when当……的时候。此处应使用how引导，表示方式。故选C。
10. Five workers ____ the mine disaster. After the injured ___ to the hospital doctors and nurses immediately got down to saving their lives.
A. was survived; rushed
B. survived from; were rushed
C. survived; was rushed
D. survived; were rushed
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意：五个工人在矿难中幸存，在伤员被紧急送往医院后，医生和护士立刻开始救他们的命。第一空survive，做为“幸存”是及物动词，workers和survive是主动关系，排除AB，第二空rush表示“紧急送某人去……”是及物动词，the injured和rush是被动关系，且the injured表示一类人，故谓语动词用复数。故选D。
11.When first coming to the city, my parents often had a chat with neighbors, just as they _____ in the countryside.
A. will do B. had done C. have done D. were doing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当第一次来到城市时，我的父母经常和邻居聊天，就像他们在农村时一样。分析句子可知，as引导的方式状语从句的动作发生在谓语动词之前，而谓语动词had是一般过去时，所以方式状语从句的动词应该用过去完成时。故选B项。
【点睛】过去完成时：表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的影响或是结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成的时间。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，侧重事情的结果。如本题中，as引导的方式状语从句的动作发生在谓语动词之前，而谓语动词had是一般过去时，所以方式状语从句的动词应该用过去完成时。故选B项。
12.—Mr. Johnson I’m really sorry ________ you waiting for so long a time.
—I know you are very busy at the moment.
A. to have kept B. to keep
C. to be keeping D. to have been kept
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：——约翰逊先生，我真的很抱歉让你等了这么长时间。——我知道你现在很忙。be sorry to do sth.“抱歉做某事”，此处是动词不定式做原因状语，非谓语动词keep的动作明显先于谓语动词，所以用动词不定式的完成式，故选A。
13.They were initially looking forward to having an overseas wedding but had to drop the idea after facing _____ from parents.
A. recognition B. toleration C. opposition D. presentation
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻原本打算在海外举行婚礼，但由于遭到父母的反对，不得不放弃了这个想法。A. recognition识别；B. toleration宽容；C. opposition反对；D. presentation展示，呈现。根据文中had to drop the idea(不得不放弃这个想法)，可知是遇到父母的反对了。故选C项。
14.Billy Crystal will host the Academy Awards again this year, and his performances always _____ the expectations of most audience.
A. sign up for B. drop out of C. give in to D. live up to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Billy Crystal今年将再次主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼，他的表现总是不辜负大多数观众的期望。A. sign up for报名参加；B. drop out of退出；C. give in to屈服于；D. live up to不辜负，做到。根据前文，Billy Crystal再一次能主持奥斯卡颁奖典礼，说明他做到让观众很喜欢他，没有辜负观众的期望。故选D项。
15.—Tony _______ what I did annoying though he didn’t say anything.
—So you think you will have to make an apology?
A. could find B. should have found
C. might find D. must have found
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：—Tony一定觉得我做的事很烦人，尽管他什么也没说。—所以你认为你得道歉吗?。由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。
【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：
You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）
6.“would ＋ have ＋ 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
分析句子可知，由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。
第二节:完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。
With his leg lame and his teeth uneven, the boy thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world. He ____16____played with his classmates, and when asked to answer questions, he always ____17____his head without a word.
One spring, his father brought home some saplings (树苗).___18___of his children would plant a sapling and he promised, "Whoever ____19____ his sapling best shall get a gift." The boy certainly wanted to get the gift.___20___seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees, he___21___ an idea: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So watering it once or twice, he never___22___ it.
Several days later, he was ____23____ to find it not only didn't die, but also grew so many fresh ____24____. Compared with those of his brothers and sisters, his appeared greener. His father kept his ___25___, bought the boy a gift and said he would become an outstanding____26____ after growing up.
From then on, the boy slowly became___27___ and confident. One evening, he suddenly____28____ his biology teacher once said that plants ____29____ grow at night. Why not go to see the tree?
When he came to the courtyard, he found his father working near the tree! Immediately he ____30____: Father had been secretly ____31____ his tree! He returned to his room, tears in his eyes.
Decades passed. The boy didn't become a botanist. ____32____, he became the U.S._____33_____. His name was Franklin Roosevelt.
____34____ is the best nourishment (滋养品) of life. ____35____ it is just a bucket of water, it can make the tree of life grow well!
16. A. seldom B. ever C. still D. often
17. A. held B. raised C. lowered D. covered
18. A. Both B. Each C. One D. None
19. A. likes B. protects C. watches D. grows
20. A. But B. So C. Or D. And
21. A. came up with B. got rid of C. cared for D. put forward
22. A. contributed to B. attended to C. got used to D. turned to
23. A. amused B. frightened C. disappointed D. surprised
24. A. roots B. branches C. leaves D. seeds
25. A. opinion B. balance C. agreement D. word
26. A. teacher B. gardener C. botanist D. president
27. A. satisfied B. upset C. independent D. optimistic
28. A. remembered B. believed C. repeated D. knew
29. A. hardly B. generally C. recently D. probably
30. A. doubted B. admitted C. wondered D. understood
31. A. cutting B. watering C. decorating D. fertilizing
32. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. Moreover
33. A. lawyer B. doctor C. president D. teacher
34. A. Love B. Water C. Disability D. Father
35. A. So long as B. If only C. Now that D. Even though
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文属于叙事说理文，讲述了一个认为自己天生不幸的小男孩，经过一次种树的经历，受到父亲的鼓励和帮助而变得自信，后来成为美国总统的故事。文章旨在告诉读者，爱是滋润孩子心灵的最好的养料。
【16题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。根据文章第一句话可知，小男孩认为自己不幸运，因此很少和同学玩，故选seldom。A. seldom很少；B. ever曾经； C. still仍然；D. often经常。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。lower one's head “低下头”。小男孩自卑，与之相符的是低头逃避回答问题。A. held拿；B. raised提高；C. lowered低头；D. covered覆盖。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。根据第三段中的“Compared with those of his brothers and sisters…”可知父亲让每个孩子种一棵树。A. Both两者都；B. Each每个；C. One一个；D. None没有人，故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。父亲承诺树种得最好的人可以获得奖品，故选grow。A. likes喜欢；B. protects保护；C. watches观看；D. grows生长。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。小男孩也想得到父亲的礼物，但是当看到兄弟姐妹都在细心呵护小树时，便失去了信心，选择了放弃，表示转折。故选A。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。A. came up with想出； B. got rid of除掉；C. cared for关心； D. put forward提出。根据he ____6____ an idea可知，他提出一个想法。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。根据So watering it once or twice, he never ___7___ it.可知，所以给它浇一两次水，他从来没有照顾过。A. contributed to有助于；B. attended to照顾，关心； C. got used to习惯于；D. turned to求助于，致力于。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。小树的成长和小男孩的心理预期相反，所以他感到惊讶，故选surprised。A. amused愉悦的，感到有趣的；B. frightened恐惧的； C. disappointed失望的; D. surprised失望的。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。根据Compared with those of his brothers and sisters, his appeared greener.可知，与他的哥哥姐姐的树相比，他的树变得更绿，故可知，树长出树叶，因此变绿了。A. roots根； B. branches树枝；C. leaves树叶；D. seeds种子。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。keep one's word “信守诺言”，和前文父亲的promise相呼应。A. opinion观点；B. balance平衡；C. agreement协议；D. word 诺言。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。根据文章倒数第二段中“The little boy didn't become a botanist.”可知，父亲说小男孩会成为植物学家。A. teacher老师；B. gardener园丁；C. botanist植物学家；D. president总统。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。第一段中小男孩不与同学交往和不回答问题，表明他悲观、不开朗、不自信。 种树事件是他第一次有好运气，第一次成功，无疑对他起到积极的作用，此前精神低落的状态逐渐改变。另外结合confident一词，应选optimistic。A. satisfied满意的；B. upset沮丧的； C. independent独立的; D. optimistic乐观的。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。根据his biology teacher once said that plants__ grow at night. 可知是回忆起。A. remembered记得；B. believed相信； C. repeated重复；D. knew知道。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。根据once said和后句“Why not go to see his tree？”可知，小男孩回想起来生物老师说过植物一般在晚间生长(此为常识)，故选generally。A. hardly几乎不；B. generally一般地； C. recently最近；D. probably或许。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。看到眼前的景象，小男孩立刻明白了(恍然大悟), 是父亲在暗中帮助他给树浇水。A. doubted怀疑；B. admitted承认; C. wondered想知道；D. understood理解。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。根据上文内容，可知这里意思是他的父亲已经悄悄给小树浇过水了。A. cutting切割；B. watering浇水；C. decorating装饰； D. fertilizing施肥。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。根据前后句The boy didn't become a botanist. ____17____, he became the U.S._____18_____.可知，没有成为植物学家，成为了美国总统，此处表示转折关系。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Instead代替;D. Moreover此外。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。根据___17___, he became the U.S.____18____.相反，他成了美国总统。A. lawyer律师；B. doctor医生；C. president总统；D. teacher老师。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。小男孩和小树的共同点是都得到了关爱。A. Love爱；B. Water水；C. Disability残疾；D. Father父亲。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查连词短语词义辨析。根据___20___ it is just a bucket of water, it can make the tree of life grow well!可知，即使只是一桶水，它也能使生命之树茁壮成长! A. so long as 只要；B. if only要是……就好了；C. now that既然；D. even though 即使。故选D。
【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。本题第5小题，小男孩也想得到父亲的礼物，但是当看到兄弟姐妹都在细心呵护小树时，便失去了信心，选择了放弃，表示转折。故选A。
第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
A
Fitness Center Timetable
Body Power: This class uses weights and aerobic movements (a form of very active physical exercise) to increase strength while burning fat. It is suitable for all levels for fitness.
Aerobics: This is a low to middle level of difficulty aerobic class. It is good for beginner to average levels of fitness.
Beginner Aerobics: This class has a low level of difficulty and simple aerobic movements. It is mainly for people who have not exercised before or who are just returning after a long break or injury.
Body Stretch (hold your arms or legs out straight and tighten your muscles): This is a relaxation class which stretches all the muscle groups. It is suitable for all levels of fitness. People who exercise regularly or have a stressful lifestyle would also greatly improve their health in this class.
Body Burn: This is a high level of difficulty aerobic class that mainly aims at fat burning. It is only for those people with a very high level of fitness.
36. On Wednesday the fitness class at 6: 30 p. m. is _____.
A. Aerobics B. Body Power
C. Body Burn D. Beginner Aerobics
37. The two classes that are suitable for all levels of fitness are _____.
A. Aerobics and Body Power B. Body Burn and Aerobics
C. Body Power and Body Stretch D. Body Stretch and Beginner Aerobics
38. Lena wants to go to the City Gym on Friday. She has not exercised for a long time. The best time for her to go would be _____.
A. 3:00 p.m. B. 5:30 p.m.
C. 7:15 a. m. D. 12:30 p.m.
39. The main goal of the Body Burn is to _____.
A. reduce fat B. reduce stress
C. increase strength D. increase muscle size
【答案】36. C 37. C 38. D 39. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些运动健身项目，以及具体的课程时间安排。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格可知，星期三下午6点半的课是Body Burn。故选C项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Body Power中It is suitable for all levels for fitness. (它适用于所有级别的健身。) 根据倒数第二段Body Stretch中It is suitable for all levels of fitness. (它适用于所有级别的健身。)可知，Body Power和Body Stretch适合所有级别的健身。故选C项。
38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Beginner Aerobics: This class has a low level of difficulty and simple aerobic movements. It is mainly for people who have not exercised before or who are just returning after a long break or injury. (Beginner Aerobics：本课程难度低，有氧运动简单。它主要是针对那些以前没有锻炼过的人，或者是在长时间的休息或受伤后刚刚恢复的人。)可知，Beginner Aerobics这个课程适合Lena，所以适合上课时间是周五的12点半。故选D项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Body Burn: This is a high level of difficulty aerobic class that mainly aims at fat burning. (这是一个高难度的有氧课程，主要目的是燃烧脂肪。)可知，Body Burn的主要目的是减少脂肪。故选A项。
B
As I jogged over the bridge and round the corner on my regular early morning run, he was standing opposite the jeweler’s, looking extremely suspicious. But the moment he saw me, instead of trying to avoid me, he came straight across the road as I drew level with the jeweler’s. Halfway across he began addressing me: “I thought you were going to…” — but his voice trailed away as he received no reply and no sign of recognition from me. It was quite obvious that he had mistaken me for someone else. But he started up again as if nothing had happened．“Good morning, ” he said．“Nice to bump into someone so early. Someone to talk to. I’ve taken to talking to myself on this job.”
I hate meeting people when I’m out early, and I was almost out of breath, so I just paused in my stride, nodded in a friendly manner, and went on up the road. The stranger had spoken quietly, and quite slowly. And I had noticed that he was well dressed, too. But if he looked suspicious dressed like that at that time of the morning, what about me? I was in a track suit, with an old sweater round my shoulders and a cap on my head．As to his odd remark about “talking to himself on this job”, I hadn’t paid any attention to it, although now it began to worry me. Was he perhaps a plain clothes policeman? At the time I somehow felt he was.
I had just turned the corner into the High Street when I heard the sound of breaking glass somewhere behind me, and I thought the sound came from the street I had just left. I stopped dead and almost without thinking looked back around the corner. The stranger was not there, but almost immediately an alarm bell in the jeweler’s began ringing furiously.
I found out later that a burglar had broken into the jeweler’s shop and stolen watches and rings worth about ￡5,000. The police are still looking into the matter, but I’m afraid to go and tell them what I know now because they might even suspect me of committing the crime, and it might be difficult for me to prove my innocence. After all, I haven’t offered my assistance as a witness, and the only other person around that morning was the “stranger” who had spoken to me.
40. From the passage we can infer that the author _____.
A. always goes past the jeweler’s
B. didn’t like talking to the strangers
C. meets a few people every morning
D. saw a plain clothes policeman that morning
41. Why did the stranger talk to the author?
A. Because the stranger took the author as someone else.
B. Because the stranger loved talking to people.
C. Because the stranger recognized the writer.
D. Because the stranger took a job of talking to himself.
42. Why did the stranger seem suspicious?
A. He was about to go into the jeweler’s.
B. He was far too friendly.
C. He was dressed too well for that time.
D. He talked to himself a lot.
43. If the writer had been on the spot, _____.
A. he might have been badly injured
B. he would have seen what happened
C. he wouldn’t have heard the alarm bell
D. the stranger wouldn’t have broken the window
44. What idea does the author convey in the last paragraph?
A. he thinks the stranger is innocent
B. the burglar didn’t steal very much
C. he might commit the crime to the police
D. he hesitates whether to report to the police about what he knew
【答案】40. B 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者晨跑时，碰到一个行为装扮怪异的人，这个人可能是砸珠宝店的罪犯，但作者因为没有证据，所以不敢去报警。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中I hate meeting people when I’m out early, and I was almost out of breath, so I just paused in my stride, nodded in a friendly manner, and went on up the road. (我不喜欢在大清早出门的时候见人，我几乎喘不过气来，所以我只是大踏步暂停了一下，友好地点了点头，然后继续走路。) 可推断出，作者不喜欢跟陌生人讲话。B. didn’t like talking to the strangers. (不喜欢和陌生人讲话。) 符合题意。故选B项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中It was quite obvious that he had mistaken me for someone else. (很明显，他把我错当成别人了。)可知，这个陌生人认错人了。A. Because the stranger took the author as someone else. (因为那个陌生人把作者当成了别人。) 符合题意。故选A项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“And I had noticed that he was well dressed, too. But if he looked suspicious dressed like that at that time of the morning,”(我注意到他也穿得很好，但如果他早上那个时候穿成那样看起来很可疑，那我呢?) 可推知，那个陌生人是因为穿着而显得可疑。C. He was dressed too well for that time. (他那时候穿得太讲究了。) 符合题意。故选C项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据这道题中If the writer had been on the spot (如果作者当时在现场)，可知，这是由If引导的虚拟条件句，had been为谓语动词，时态为过去完成时，可知这是对过去的事情的假设。根据常识，犯罪活动一般发生在没有其他人的情况，因为那样会留下证人，所以假如作者当时在珠宝店那里，那个陌生人应该不会砸窗户。故选D项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中and it might be difficult for me to prove my innocence. After all, I haven’t offered my assistance as a witness, and the only other person around that morning was the “stranger” who had spoken to me. (要证明我的清白可能很难。毕竟，我没有作为目击者提供帮助，那天早上周围唯一的另一个人就是和我说话的“陌生人”。) 可知，作者没有去报警，因为他无法提供有力的证据证明那个陌生人就是罪犯，反而可能会让他自己成为嫌疑犯，所以他犹豫了。D. he hesitates whether to report to the police about what he knew (他犹豫是否要向警方报告他所知道的情况) 符合题意。故选D项。
C
I have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happened to be that put-upon member of society ― a customer. The more I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more I’m convinced that things are being run just to suit the firm, the system, or the union. There seems to be a new motto for the so-called “service” organization ― Staff Before Service. How often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there aren’t enough staff on duty at all the service counters? Surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to increase counter staff. Yet supermarkets, hinting darkly at higher prices, claim that bringing all their cash registers into operation at any time would increase expenses. And the Post Office says we cannot expect all their service counters to be occupied “at times when demand is low”.
It’s the same with hotels. Because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is lowered. As for us guests (and how the meaning of that word has been cut away little by little.), we just have to put up with it. There’s also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been gradually withdrawn from service in the interests of “efficiency” (i.e. profits) and replaced by coin-eating machines which supply everything from beer to medicine, not to mention the creeping（慢慢加剧的） threat of the tea-making set in your room: a kettle with teabags, milk bags and sugar. Who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? I don’t, especially when I am paying for “service”.
Our only hope is to repeat our anger whenever and wherever we can and, if all else fails, restore that other, older saying ― Take Our Custom（买卖） Elsewhere.
45. The author feels that nowadays customers are _____.
A. not provided with proper service
B. considered to be lower members of society
C. not worthy of special treatment
D. regarded as privileged
46. In the author’s opinion, the quality of service is changing because _____.
A. more consideration is given to the staff than customers
B. customers are becoming more demanding
C. customers are unwilling to be satisfied with
D. the staff are less considerate than employers
47. According to the author, long queues at counters are caused by _____.
A. deliberate（故意的）understaffing
B. lack of cooperation among staff
C. the reducing supply of good staff
D. inefficient staff
48. The disappearance of old-style hotel porters can be attributed to the fact that _____.
A. the personal touch is less appreciated nowadays
B. few people are willing to do this type of work
C. machines are more reliable than human beings
D. self-service provides a cheaper alternative
49. The author’s final solution to the problem discussed in the passage is _____.
A. to put up with whatever service is provided
B. to fully use all kinds of coin-eating machines
C. to make strong complaints wherever necessary
D. to go where good service is available
【答案】45. A 46. A 47. A 48. D 49. D
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章作者首先指出在很多服务行业里，消费者得不到适当的服务，这归咎于这些行业把利益看的很高，不愿投入更多的人力成本，最后作者给出建议，如果在一个地方得不到好的服务，就换个更好的地方。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中I have had just about enough of being treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happened to be that put-upon member of society ― a customer. (我已经受够了被当作二等公民的待遇，仅仅因为我碰巧是那个被社会欺骗的成员——一个顾客。)可知，作者作为消费者时，觉得自己是个二等公民，说明消费者没有被很好的对待。A. not provided with proper service (没有提供适当的服务) 符合题意。故选A项。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中The more I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airports and the like, the more I’m convinced that things are being run just to suit the firm, the system, or the union. There seems to be a new motto for the so-called “service” organization ― Staff Before Service. (我越是走进商店、旅馆、银行、邮局、火车站、机场等地，就越是确信，这些东西只是为了公司、系统或工会的利益而运行的。对于所谓的“服务”组织来说，似乎有一个新的座右铭——员工先于服务。)可知，在商场、酒店、银行等行业里，作者的体会这些行业把员工作为第一考虑要素，而顾客就相对于没有那么重要了。A. more consideration is given to the staff than customers (考虑更多的是顾客，而不是员工) 符合题意。故选A项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中How often, for example, have you queued for what seems like hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there aren’t enough staff on duty at all the service counters? (例如，你有多少次在邮局或超市排了几个小时的队，因为所有的服务台都没有足够的工作人员值班?) 可知，人们在商场等出现排队现象，就是因为这些行业里没有配备足够的员工。A. deliberate（故意的）understaffing (故意没有配备足够的人员) 符合题意。故选A项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中There’s also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been gradually withdrawn from service in the interests of “efficiency” (i.e. profits) and replaced by coin-eating machines which supply everything from beer to medicine. (还有这么多友好的酒店夜班行李员被公司因为“效率”(即利润)而解雇，取而代之的是提供从啤酒到药品等一切东西的吃硬币的机器。) 可推测，酒店用投币器来取代酒店的夜班服务员，那是因为投币器对于酒店来说成本更少。D. self-service provides a cheaper alternative (自助服务提供了一种更便宜的选择) 符合题意。故选D项。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Our only hope is to repeat our anger whenever and wherever we can and, if all else fails, restore that other, older saying ― Take Our Custom（买卖） Elsewhere. (我们唯一的希望就是随时随地重复我们的愤怒，如果其他所有的都失败了，那就回复到另一个，俗话说-换个地方。) 可推测出，作者认为在某些地方没有得到相应的服务，那么消费者就会到别的地方去消费。D. to go where good service is available (去有优质服务的地方) 符合题意。故选D项。
D
A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and wars. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors ― or of people very different from our own ― can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than what can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented: that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Franciso Goya was perhaps the first truly political artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May, 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso’s Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clements Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros ― as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martinez ― showed these Mexican artists’ deep anger and sadness about social problems.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. Four hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic（伊斯兰教的）belief that statues are unholy（不神圣的；亵渎的）.
50. Which of the following sentences is WRONG according to the passage?
A. Art history concentrates on religious beliefs, emotions and psychology only.
B. Art can provide information about the everyday activities of ancient people.
C. Information and facts about politics are given objectively in history.
D. Franciso Goya was perhaps the first truly political artist.
51. History books are objective because _____.
A. personal and emotional opinions are expressed through it
B. it will make the viewers angry and sad about history
C. it can help us understand historical facts better
D. opinions about facts are not expressed
52. The two pictures The Third of May, 1808 and Guernica mentioned in paragraph 2 show that _____.
A. art is subjective
B. artists are very similar even over a hundred years
C. art can reflect political life of a country
D. history books present objective information
53. In paragraph 2, the underlined “another continent” refers to _____.
A. Europe B. America
C. Mexico D. Middle East
54. The passage is mainly discussing _____.
A. the difference between general history and art history
B. the development of art history
C. the influence of artists on art history
D. what we can learn from art
55. It may be concluded from this passage that _____.
A. Islamic artists focus on creating architectural decorations with pictures of flowers or geometric (几何) forms
B. history teachers are more objective than artists
C it is more difficult to study art history than general history
D. people and stories from the Bible were painted on churches and other buildings in order to popularize the Bible
【答案】50. A 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了解艺术史比上历史课能更好的了解一种文化，因为艺术作品中倾注了创作人的思想情感，可以更好地反映某个特定时期的历史以及某个特定地域的文化。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. (但艺术史关注的远不止这些，因为艺术不仅反映了一个民族的政治价值观，而且还反映了宗教信仰、情感和心理。)可知，艺术史既反映了一个民族的政治价值观，也反映了宗教信仰、情感和心理。A. Art history concentrates on religious beliefs, emotions and psychology only. (艺术史只关注宗教信仰、情感和心理。) 符合题意。故选A项。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented: that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. (在历史书中，关于一个国家政治生活的客观信息被呈现出来：也就是说，给出了政治事实，但是观点没有被表达出来。) 可知，历史书只呈现客观历史事件，不会表达感情。D. opinions about facts are not expressed (观点不会被表达出来。) 符合题意。故选D项。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions.( 另一方面，艺术是主观的:它反映情感和观点。) 可知，艺术是主观的。然后作者用一些例子来支持自己的观点，包括The Third of May, 1808 and Guernica这两个作品，所以可以推测，作者举这两个例子，就是为了证明艺术是主观的。A. art is subjective (艺术是主观的) 符合题意。故选A项。
【53题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clements Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros ― as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martinez ― showed these Mexican artists’ deep anger and sadness about social problems. (与此同时，在另一个大陆上，Diego Rivera, Jose Clements Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros他们这些大师的作品，以及Alfredo Ramos Martinez的作品，展示了这些墨西哥艺术家对社会问题的深深愤怒和悲伤。) 可知，这些墨西哥艺术家指就是来自于another continent的艺术家们，所以another continent指的是美洲。此题的干扰项是C. Mexico，但墨西哥是个国家，不是洲。故选B项。
【54题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general classes. (学习艺术史可能是了解一种文化的好方法，比在一般课堂上学到的要多。) 可知，文章开篇点名主题，所以本文主要讲述了我们可以从艺术中学到什么。D. what we can learn from art. (我们可以从艺术中学到什么。) 符合题意。故选D项。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic（伊斯兰教的）belief that statues are unholy（不神圣的；亵渎的）.(相比之下，中东艺术的主要特征之一是，现在仍然是，缺少人类和动物的形象。这反映了伊斯兰教徒认为，雕像是邪恶的。) 可推测出，伊斯兰教徒们因为信仰，所以很少画人类和动物，所以转而用花卉等艺术形象进行创作。A. Islamic artists focus on creating architectural decorations with pictures of flowers or geometric (几何) forms. (伊斯兰艺术家专注于开发建筑装饰与鲜花的照片或几何形式) 符合题意。故选A项。
【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词，说明文就去看文章的中心话题)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。如第4小题，文章开篇点名主题，所以本文主要讲述了我们可以从艺术中学到什么。D. what we can learn from art. (我们可以从艺术中学到什么。)故选D项。
第一节
阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。
In 1978, I was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney, Australia. I was looking forward to having five days off from duty. Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车).
I waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me. Finally, a man walked over and introduced himself as Gordon. He said that although he couldn’t give me a lift, I should come back to his house for lunch. He noticed me standing for hours in the extreme heat and thought I must be hungry. I was doubtful as a young girl but he assured me I was safe, and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards. When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home.
Twenty-five years later, in 2003, while I was driving to a nearby town one day, I saw an elderly man standing in the scorching heat, trying to hitch a ride. I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. I pulled over and picked him up. I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.
After a few moments of small talk, the man said to me, “You haven’t changed a bit, even your red hair is still the same.”
I couldn’t remember where I’d met him. He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago. It was Gordon.
56. Why did the author have to hitch a ride? (no more than 8 words)
57. What did Gordon do to help the author? (no more than 11 words)
58. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean? (1 word)
59. Why did the author pull over and pick up the elderly man in 2003? (no more than 10 words)
60. Will you offer any help to a stranger who seems in trouble? Why or why not? (no more than 20 words)
【答案】56. Because she missed the only train back home. / Because the only train back home had left.
57. He made her sandwiches and helped her find a lift home./He gave her lunch and helped her find a lift.
58. Extreme./Intense.
59. Because she wanted to repay the favour she once got.
60. Open
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个人在25年前帮助过作者，而25年后，作者无意中的善举又帮助了他。这就是俗话说的：好心有好报。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中Unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left. So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车). (不幸的是，每天唯一一趟回悉尼家的火车已经开走了。所以我想搭个便车。) 可知，作者之所以想搭便车，是因为错过了最后一趟火车。故答Because she missed the only train back home. / Because the only train back home had left.
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中When we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches. After lunch, he helped me find a lift home. (我们到他家时，他给我们做了三明治。午饭后，他找人把我送回了家。)可知，这为好心人不但给我做了饭，还找人开车送我回家。故答He made her sandwiches and helped her find a lift home./He gave her lunch and helped her find a lift.
【58题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的heat“高温”，是个名词，前面需要一个形容词修饰，做定语；又根据第三段中I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water. (我让他舒服地坐在后座上，给他一些水喝。)可推测，外面的天气是非常炎热的。故答Extreme./Intense.
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier. (我认为这是我报答别人几十年前对我的恩惠的又一次机会。)可知，作者对以前的得到过的帮助一直铭记在心，她想借此机会帮助别人来报答帮助过他的好人。故答Because she wanted to repay the favour she once got.。
【60题详解】
开放题。要注意回答时，先表明自己的观点，再说明原因。
第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分）
61.假设你是李津，为即将来天津上大学的外国朋友Albert物色好了房屋。请你给 他发一封邮件告知他相关情况。主要内容包括：
1. 房屋位置：富力花园17楼，交通便利，临近校园；
2. 面积大小：50平米，一室一厅，厨卫齐全；
3. 屋内陈设：家具、空调等；
4. 租金情况：月付人民币1000元或年付人民币11000。
注意1. 词数不少于100；
2. 适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
参考词汇：富力花园 Fuli Garden
Hello, Albert.
I have good news to tell you that I have found a flat for you in my city.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【答案】Hello, Albert.
I have good news to tell you that I have found a flat for you in my city. The flat is on the 17th floor in
Fuli Garden, which is not far away from the university you will study in. There are lots of basic facilities nearby, such as the banks, stores, restaurants, and so on. In a word, it's very convenient for your life.
The whole flat covers about 50 square meters with a living room, a bedroom, a kitchen, a bathroom and a balcony, which I think can satisfy your fundamental needs. It's also equipped with a refrigerator, a TV set, a washing machine, an air conditioner and the high-speed WiFi.
As to the rent, it can be paid per month (1,000 RMB) or per year (11,000 RMB). If you are interested in it, please e-mail me as soon as possible.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封邮件，告知即将来天津上大学的外国朋友Albert，他帮忙租到的房子的详细情况。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：告知房屋的详细情况
1）房屋的位置。（location of the flat）
2）周围的环境。（surroundings of the flat）
3) 房屋内容的设施。（facilities in the flat）
4) 房屋的价钱。（price of the flat）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
far away from; facilities; In a word; be convenient for; fundamental needs; be equipped with; as soon as possible.;look forward to;
第三步：连词成句
1. Fuli Garden is not far away from the university.
2. There are lots of basic facilities nearby.
3. In a word, it's very convenient for your life.
4. I think it can satisfy your fundamental needs.
5. It's also equipped with a refrigerator.
6. Looking forward to your early reply.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Fuli Garden, which is not far away from the university you will study in. 这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；如：If you are interested in it, please e-mail me as soon as possible. 这句话运用了If引导的条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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