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四川省资阳市2020届高三上学期第一次诊断英语试题
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资阳市高中2017级第一次诊断性考试
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。
2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每话仅读一遍。
1. How did the woman get to Baltimore?
A. By train. B. By bus. C. By taxi.
2. What does the woman think about the course?
A. Too hard. B. Too easy. C. Worth taking.
3. Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a classroom.
4. When will Mr John come back?
A. On Wednesday night. B. On Friday night. C. On Saturday morning.
5. When would the man like to visit the Great Wall?
A. In spring. B. In winter. C. In autumn.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Who is Mary going to visit?
A. Her children. B. Her parents. C. Her sister.
7. How long will Mary be gone?
A. For three days. B. For three weeks. C. For a month.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where did the family buy the animal?
A. From a pet stand. B. From a rescue centre. C. From an animal shelter.
9. How much did the animal eat a day?
A. A box of noodles. B. Two boxes of noodles. C. Two boxes of meat.
10. What was the animal actually?
A. A dog. B. A tiger. C. A bear.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11 . How is everything for Sarah now?
A. Very bad. B. Good. C. Just so so.
12. What happened to Bill and Sarah’s husband?
A. They never stayed at home.
B. They suffered from their wives’ bad temper.
C. They bought cigarettes for their wives.
13. Who hasn’t given up smoking?
A. Sarah. B. Bill. C. Bill’s wife.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the woman want to be?
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. An engineer.
15. Who does the man admire most?
A. His brother. B. His father. C. His grandfather.
16. Where would the man love to travel to?
A. Asia. B. Europe. C. America.
17. What will the woman do this summer?
A. Find a job. B. Go on a trip. C. Take extra classes.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How many people visited the park in the first six months?
A. 5.6 million. B. 7 million. C. 16 million.
19. Which themed area is now under development?
A. Treasure Cove. B. Tomorrow land. C. Toy Story Land.
20. What was built in Shanghai Disneyland instead of Disney’s classic Main Street USA?
A. Mickey Land. B. Mickey Avenue. C. Minnie Gardens.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Do you have a talented young artist, photographer, or designer in your life? It’s never too early to start helping them get their work out there! We’ve rounded up the top art competitions for kids and teens that can help these young creators share their first masterpiece with the world. Most of them are totally free to enter!
Global Canvas Children’s Art Competition
Ages: 16 and under Mediums: drawing, painting
Organized by the David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation, this art competition wants to inspire the next generation to be more mindful of how we take care of the earth. The judges are looking for artists to discover the wonderful places that wildlife calls home.
Toyota Dream Car Art Contest
Ages: 15 and under Mediums: drawing, painting
Time to design a dream car! Toyota wants to get junior artists thinking about what the future of transportation might look like. Prizes include a chance to tour one of the Toyota car plants and experience various aspects of Japanese culture.
Advena World Children’s Art Competition
Ages: 15 and under Mediums: drawing, painting, photos and other original artworks
The competition aims to promote creativity and self-expression. Instead of a theme, it asks the participating artists to simply express their feelings—anything from sadness or joy to anger or excitement—through their chosen medium.
Progressive Young Artists Awards
Open to: high school and college students Mediums: drawing, painting, photograph, mixed media, sculpture
PYAA is all about expressing and celebrating progressive values. So, if there is a creative teen in your life who wants to do good in the world, sign him or her up for this art competition. The prize is a scholarship that winners can put forwards their post-secondary schooling.
1. Which of the following favors the environment?
A. Advena World Children’s Art Competition.
B. Global Canvas Children’s Art Competition.
C. Toyota Dream Car Art Contest.
D. Progressive Young Artists Awards.
2. What prize can the winner get at Toyota Dream Car Art Contest?
A. A dream car. B. A scholarship.
C. A tour of a factory. D. An amount of cash.
3. What is special about Advena World Children’s Art Competition?
A. It has no fixed theme. B. It has an entrance fee.
C. The prize is a scholarship. D. Its participants are the youngest.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了有助于孩子展示艺术才华的四大比赛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Global Canvas Children’s Art Competition中的this art competition wants to inspire the next generation to be more mindful of how we take care of the earth.可知，它的目的就是使下一代更加关注如何呵护地球环境。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Toyota Dream Car Art Contest中的Prizes include a chance to tour one of the Toyota car plants and experience various aspects of Japanese culture.可知，奖励包括游览丰田汽车工厂。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。纵观全文并进行细致比较可知Global Canvas Children’s Art Competition关注的是地球环境；Toyota Dream Car Art Contest则着眼与未来的交通；Progressive Young Artists Awards围绕的是未来的价值观；唯有Advena World Children’s Art Competition没有设置主题，这可以从Instead of a theme, it asks the participating artists to simply express their feelings—anything from sadness or joy to anger or excitement得知本比赛没有主题，只是让参加者表达他们的想法。故选A项。
B
Families around the country are finding new options for their children’s midday meal thanks to a growing number of delivery options catering to students. Kiddos Catering in Chicago adopts a method of providing restaurant meals to schools that contract with it. Owner Michelle Moses and her staff work with area restaurants to create a variety of kid-friendly choices and deliver the meals to the schools five days a week. Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the day’s featured restaurant and its menu choices.
"Each day is a different restaurant with six to 10 menu options," she said. "It offers so much choice to kids." The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely to toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. "Schools really want to be in the business of educating kids," she said. "They don’t want to be in the food and beverage(餐饮) business."
That doesn’t mean that schools always like it when teens (or parents) take it upon themselves to order food through phone apps. Many schools have banned that practice, citing safety concerns about delivery drivers showing up at school unannounced and the burden of tracking down students to alarm them that their meals have arrived.
"These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff," said Bernard Watson, director of community relations for Gwinnett County Public Schools in Suwanee, Ga. "In addition, our award-winning school nutrition program provides students with a wide variety of tasty, nutritious meals on-site, so there is no need to order food from outside."
Jacob Levin, a recent graduate of Bexley High School in Bexley, Ohio, relied on a sub shop to deliver a sandwich to him during lunchtime meetings or other appointments that conflicted with his lunch period. "It was a convenient option. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it weren’t for the delivery option," he said. "Having a restaurant-quality sub also was much more enjoyable than cafeteria food."
4. What can we learn about Kiddos Catering?
A. It should be ordered online.
B. It is a non-profit food program.
C. It delivers the meals to the schools twice a day.
D. It mainly offers the featured dishes of a restaurant.
5. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The aim of the food and beverage business.
B. A suitable time for school meals.
C. Advantages of the delivering school lunch.
D. An alternative to the school cafeteria.
6. What is Bernard Watson’s concern for delivering food?
A. It’s less healthy than that in the school cafeteria.
B. It causes a potential danger to students.
C. It attracts students’ attention to study.
D. Its arrival is usually not punctual.
7. What is Jacob Levin’ s attitude to the change of the school lunch?
A. Neutral. B. Careless. C. Supportive. D. Unfavorable.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文。孩子们的午餐有了新的选择，这要归功于越来越多迎合学生口味的外卖服务。但是该怎样权衡这一现象的利弊呢？
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the day’s featured restaurant and its menu choices"可知，Kiddos Catering提供的午餐需要在网上预订。故选A。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。从第二段的 The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely to toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. 可以知道本段从父母以及学校两个角度介绍了递送的学校午餐的好处。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的"These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff "可知，Bernard Watson担忧的是，食物的递送可能会给学生带来潜在的危险。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据"It was a convenient option. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it weren’t for the delivery option,"可推断出，Jacob Levin对此的态度是支持的。故选C。
C
Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn’t flat. Nope, your hair and nails don’t grow after you die. The holes at the top of Bic biro pens are there so that, if you swallow one accidentally, you can still breathe and won’t choke to death. It’s debatable whether that last one there is common knowledge or not. A quick Google search of the fact, rewritten as a question, shows articles addressing this point going back several years, with the latest (re)appearing just this week over on ScienceAlert. We suppose it’s one of those things that come up from time to time, like what would happen if you attack Yellowstone with a nuclear weapon (not much, as it turns out).
If you jump over to Bic’s website, under their FAQs (frequently asked questions), it quite clearly states: "The reason that some BIC® pens have a hole in their cap is to prevent the cap from completely obstructing the airway if accidentally breathed in. This is requested by the international safety standards ISO11540, except for in cases where the cap is considered too large to be a choking risk."
That’s rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers, we thought we’d share a few more random facts about Bic that are probably going to come up in a pub quiz one day. Did you know, for example, that each Bic ballpoint pen can produce at least 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) of ink before it begins to run out? In fact, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 miles) of writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性笔), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard.
The best part of the Bic site, however, is this rather curious fact: "100 percent of pen balls are made through a highly-controlled process." As opposed to a highly uncontrolled process, involving explosions and bouncy castles and total chaos, we suppose.
8. Why does the author mention the case of Yellowstone?
A. To list the facts. B. To prove his point.
C. To compare the two situations. D. To emphasize the importance of safety.
9. What does the underlined word "obstructing" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Block. B. Open. C. Transform. D. Narrow.
10. Why were the writing tests on pens carried out?
A. To work out their lifespan. B. To assure their good quality.
C. To prove some random facts. D. To compare different pens with each other.
11. In what tone does the author develop the text?
A. Critical. B. Acid. C. Humorous. D. Serious.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是科普说明文。你知道为什么毕克笔的笔帽上有一个小孔吗？原来是为了防止那些粗心的使用者不小心吞下而窒息死亡。这真是粗心使用者的生命通道。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。上文提到毕克笔的笔帽上留一个小孔的原因，且这个问题会被偶尔问到，就像如果你用核武器攻击黄石公园会发生什么事这个问题一样，作者是在举例证明他的观点，故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。此处意为当使用者不慎把笔帽吞下时，笔帽上的小孔就是为了阻止笔帽完全阻塞气管而引起窒息，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的"In fact, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 miles) of writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性笔), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard."可知，举行书写测试的目的是为了确保笔能够达到最高的标准，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的"Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn’t flat. Nope, your hair and nails don’t grow after you die. "和第三段中的"That’s rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers"等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。本题第4小题，根据第一段中的"Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn’t flat. Nope, your hair and nails don’t grow after you die. "和第三段中的"That’s rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers"等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选C。
D
An experimental cleanup device called RemoveDEBRIS has successfully cast a net around a dummy (仿真的) satellite, imitating a technique that could one day collect spaceborne garbage.
The test, which was carried out this week, is widely believed to be the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, experts told CNN. And it symbolizes an early step toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space.
Millions of pieces of junk are turning around in orbit, the result of 50 years of space travel and few regulations to keep space clean. At orbital speeds, even a small bit of paint crashing with a satellite can cause critical damage.
Various companies have plans to send thousands of new satellites into low-Earth orbit, already the most crowded area.
The RemoveDEBRIS experiment is run by a company and researchers led by the U. K.’s Surrey Space Center and includes Airbus, Airbus-owned Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. and France’s ArianeGroup.
Guglielmo Aglietti, the director of Surrey Space Center, said that an operational version of the RemoveDEBRlS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite so the debris can be dragged out of orbit. It could target large pieces of junk, including dead satellites up to 10 meters long.
The RemoveDEBRIS satellite will conduct a few more experiments in the coming months, including testing navigation features that could help guide the satellite to a specific piece of debris.
Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, said the success of this week’s experiment was exciting, but he cautioned against “over- publicizing” it.
There are still enormous barriers to clear before operational cleanup tasks are underway, he said, and the most discouraging is figuring out how to fund such projects.
Aglietti, the Surrey professor who helped lead the RemoveDEBRIS project, said “The challenge will lie in persuading the relevant authorities to sponsor these tasks.” Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few cleanup tasks per year, targeting the largest pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.
12. What is the use of the RemoveDEBRIS satellite?
A. Demonstrating space technology.
B. Imitating a developing technique.
C. Collecting wastes existing in space.
D. Symbolizing great progress in space.
13. How does the RemoveDEBRlS satellite work?
A. By throwing a net to take the junk from orbit.
B. By fastening it to the main satellite tightly.
C. By dragging satellites up to 10 meters long.
D. By targeting large pieces of junk carefully.
14. What does the underlined word “sponsor” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Accomplish. B. Support. C. Oppose. D. Provide.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. The RemoveDEBRIS Project Is Perfect
B. How RemoveDEBRIS Is Invented in the Lab
C. Why the RemoveDEBRIS Satellite Is Invented
D. Satellite Collects Space Junk for the First Time
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是“卫星首次收集太空垃圾。”一种名为“清除碎片”(remove)的实验清理设备成功地在一颗虚拟卫星周围撒网，模仿一种有朝一日可能收集太空垃圾的技术。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中imitating a technique that could one day collect spaceborne garbage.“模仿一种有一天可以收集太空垃圾的技术。”可知，the RemoveDEBRIS卫星的用途是收集太空中存在的废物。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中 ……an operational version of the RemoveDEBRlS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite so the debris can be dragged out of orbit. It could target large pieces of junk, including dead satellites up to 10 meters long.“该公司表示，一种操作性版本的RemoveDEBRlS技术将会在主卫星上撒网，这样碎片就可以被拖出轨道。它可以瞄准大块的垃圾，包括长达10米的报废卫星。”可知，RemoveDEBRlS卫星是通过撒网把垃圾带离轨道。故选A。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few cleanup tasks per year, targeting the largest pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.“Aglietti说，他希望清理碎片的工作每年能进行几次，目标是收集最拥挤轨道上最大的垃圾碎片。”由此推知，“挑战在于说服有关当局赞助这些任务。”可知，划线词的意思是“支持”。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中The test, which was carried out this week, is widely believed to be the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, experts told CNN. And it symbolizes an early step toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space.“专家告诉CNN，本周进行的这次测试被广泛认为是太空清洁技术的首次成功演示。它象征着解决太空垃圾这一关键问题的第一步。”可知，本文主题是“卫星首次收集太空垃圾”。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Babies have the charm to melt anybody’s heart instantly; no one escapes the twinkling eyes or the innocent smile. Just their presence will cheer you up, make you forget your worries and tempt you to indulge into their world. ___16___ Though I don’t have any answer to the question, I wonder as to what makes their aura so desirable. And I think there is something we can learn from the young ones.
Forgive and Forget
Babies can laugh and giggle all day because they don’t keep hatred against anyone. ___17___
Do you think they’ve constructed an evil plan against you because you refused them candy last time? Probably not, life moved on and so did they. So why do we hold on to our past and refuse to let go of the emotional baggage? Does it do us any good except prevent us from laughing to the fullest?
___18___
Endless questions of young kids can sometimes be enough to drain the adult mind. They are always busy wondering how things work or why things are the way they are, leaving no room for boredom. Their curiosity gives them an exponential learning curve; they pick up new things quickly and do not refuse to change.
Unconditional Love
___19___ They don’t judge you before they come running into your knees and they don’t walk away if you don’t give them the same in return. They have no expectations from you and simply do what their heart desires. If you want a hug, they’ll give you a hug; if you want two, they’ll give you two. So how does the adult world become so materialistic that we decide what we give based on what we think we might receive?
Living life to the fullest is not a difficult task; you just need to have the right attitude and an open mind. ___20___
A. Keep smile every day
B. Never-ending Curiosity
C. What can we do to free from these worries?
D. Why do we adore the young ones so much?
E. So don’t envy the peaceful life of a baby, start living it yourself!
F. Kids have a hug and a kiss for anyone and everyone who wants one.
G. Their heart is pure and their mind empty to laugh out loud and enjoy the moment.
【答案】16. D 17. G
18. B 19. F
20. E
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们应该从童真的孩子那里学到什么。婴儿有一种魔力，可以瞬间融化任何人的心，没有人能逃过那闪烁的眼睛和天真的微笑。他们的存在会让你开心，让你忘记烦恼，让你沉浸在他们的世界里。充实地生活并非难事，你只需要有正确的态度和开放的思想。
【16题详解】
下文提示“虽然我对这个问题没有任何答案，但我想知道是什么让它们的光环如此诱人。”可知上句应该是一个问句，所以在C和D中选。再根据下文中的desirable“诱人的，令人向往的”，推知，D项Why do we adore the young ones so much?（为什么我们如此崇拜年轻人?）切题。故选D。
【17题详解】
上文提示“婴儿可以整天咯咯地笑，因为他们不憎恨任何人。”承接上文，G项Their heart is pure and their mind empty to laugh out loud and enjoy the moment.（他们的心是纯洁的，他们的思想是空的，他们大声笑出来，享受这一刻。）切题。故选G。
【18题详解】
此空是小标题。根据下文提示“孩子们没完没了的问题有时足以耗尽成年人的精力。”和“Their curiosity”，可知，B项 Never-ending Curiosity（永无休止的好奇心）切题。故选B。
【19题详解】
本段标题Unconditional Love“无条件的爱”。再根据空格下文提示“他们不会在遇到你之前就对你评头论足，如果你不给他们同样的回报，他们也不会离开。”承接下文和小标题，F项Kids have a hug and a kiss for anyone and everyone who wants one.（孩子们会给任何想要拥抱和亲吻的人一个拥抱和一个亲吻。）切题。故选F。
【20题详解】
上文提示“充实地生活并非难事；你只需要有正确的态度和开放的思想。”承接上文，E项So don’t envy the peaceful life of a baby, start living it yourself!（所以，不要羡慕婴儿平静的生活，开始自己过吧!）切题。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Now that my children are grown and, for the most part, I have recovered a habit, and a love: solo travel(独自旅行). The ___21___ was planted when I was 17 and went on a class trip to Spain. After that adventure I sought every opportunity to ___22___ on my own, because I wanted to ___23___ as I wished, noting my ___24___ into my journal.
I ___25___, many years ago, before I became a dad, arranging to ___26___ for a summer on an Icelandic farm in exchange for room and board. My____27____were to take a bus along the south coast from Reykjavik and get off at a certain crossroads, where the farmer was to pick me up. The driver ___28___ at the appointed place, but no one was there to ___29___ me. And so I put my backpack down in a sheep field and read a book, having ____30____ myself that when one ____31____, one is never lost. Sure enough, within a reasonable amount of time my host ____32____, and I spent a lovely summer haying (制干草) with a family in which not a word of English was ____33____.
I tell this last story to lessen the ____34____ of friends and others who have occasionally raised their hands to their faces upon ____35____ what I was up to. Some are specialists in outlining for me all the things that can go wrong when one puts oneself into the ____36____. But for me, that’s the whole ____37____ of travel: to go where I haven’t gone before, to ____38____ friendships waiting to be made, to ____39____ a new and, for me, undiscovered environment where being pleasantly surprised is the ____40____.
21. A. grass B. seed C. flower D. tree
22. A. explore B. march C. harvest D. miss
23. A. reflect B. speak C. move D. withdraw
24. A. consequence B. impressions C. dilemma D. safety
25. A. imagined B. resisted C. risked D. remembered
26. A. work B. tolerate C. respond D. compromise
27. A. achievements B. mistakes C. references D. routes
28. A. wandered B. bargained C. stopped D. failed
29. A. correct B. meet C. employ D. contradict
30. A. convinced B. adjusted C. attended D. teased
31. A. erupts B. travels C. disappears D. recovers
32. A. stopped B. returned C. appeared D. joined
33. A. spoken B. accepted C. ignored D. prohibited
34. A. fears B. apologies C. suffering D. discrimination
35. A. arguing B. finishing C. hearing D. memorizing
36. A. powerful B. absurd C. noisy D. unknown
37. A. plan B. point C. story D. contract
38. A. discover B. insure C. mend D. promote
39. A. adopt B. survive C. enter D. develop
40. A. privilege B. defence C. freedom D. reward
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
本文为夹叙夹议文。作者记叙了自己的旅行经历，发表了对独自旅行的看法:去从未去过的地方，去发现等待的友谊，进入一个新的、未被发现的环境，在那里，惊喜就是回报。
【21题详解】
考查名词。句意：这颗种子是我17岁那年，随班去西班牙旅行时种下。A. grass草；B. seed种子；C. flower花；D. tree树。 独自旅游的种子(seed)始于我十七岁时去西班牙的一次班级旅行。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词。句意：那次冒险之后，我寻找一切机会独自探索，因为我想随心所欲地行动，在日记里记下我的印象。A. explore探索；B. march前进；C. harvest收获；D. miss 想念，错过。在那次冒险之后，我寻找一切机会独自去探险explore。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词。句意：那次冒险之后，我寻找一切机会独自探索，因为我想随心所欲地行动，在日记里记下我的印象。A. reflect反应，折射；B. speak讲话；C. move移动；D. withdraw 退缩。因为我想按照自己的意愿去行动(move)，把印象(impression)记在我的日记里。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词。句意：那次冒险之后，我寻找一切机会独自探索，因为我想随心所欲地行动，在日记里记下我的印象。A. consequence结果；B. impressions印象；C. dilemma困境；D. safety安全。 参见上一题解析。故选B。
25题详解】
考查动词。句意：我记得，许多年前，在我成为一名父亲之前，我安排在冰岛的一个农场工作一个夏天，以换取食宿。A. imagined想象；B. resisted 抵制，反抗；C. risked冒险；D. remembered记得。 我记得(remembered)，很多年前，在我成为父亲之前，我计划在冰岛的一个农场工作(work)一个夏天，以换取食宿。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词。句意：我记得，许多年前，在我成为一名父亲之前，我安排在冰岛的一个农场工作一个夏天，以换取食宿。A. work工作；B. tolerate 忍受，容忍；C. respond反应；D. compromise承诺。参见上一题解析。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词。句意：我的路线是从雷克雅未克沿南海岸乘公共汽车，在某个十字路口下车，农民会来接我。A. achievements成就；B. mistakes错误；C. references参考；D. routes路线。 根据下文"沿着南海岸从雷克雅未克出发，在一个特定的十字路口下车……"可知，此处指我的旅游路线(route)。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词。句意：司机在约定的地方停了下来，但没有人在那里接我。A. wandered徘徊；B. bargained交易；C. stopped购物；D. failed失败。 司机在指定的地方停了下来，但没有人来接我。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词。句意：司机在约定的地方停了下来，但没有人在那里接我。A. correct 改正；B. meet遇见；C. employ雇佣；D. contradict反驳，否定。参见上一题解析。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词。句意：于是，我把背包放在牧羊地里，读了一本书，因为我相信，当一个人旅行时，他永远不会迷路。A. convinced说服；B. adjusted调整；C. attended出席；D. teased取笑。我一直说服(convince)自己:当一个人旅行时，他是永远不会迷路的，于是我把背包放在羊圈里，读了一本书(等着人来接我)。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：于是，我把背包放在牧羊地里，读了一本书，因为我相信，当一个人旅行时，他永远不会迷路。A. erupts爆发；B. travels 旅行；C. disappears消失；D. recovers 恢复。参见上一题解析。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：果然，在相当长的一段时间里，我的主人来了，我和一家人度过了一个愉快的夏天，他们一句英语也没说。 A. stopped停止；B. returned归还，返回；C. appeared出现；D. joined加入。 根据上文" for summer on an Icelandic farm in exchange for room and board"因为作者去农场工作，可知，此处指来接我的主人出现(appear)了。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：果然，在相当长的一段时间里，我的主人来了，我和一家人度过了一个愉快的夏天，他们一句英语也没说。A. spoken讲话，说；B. accepted接受；C. ignored忽视；D. prohibited禁止。我和一个不说英语的家庭在一起度过了一个愉快的夏天。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：我讲最后这个故事，是为了减轻朋友和其他人的恐惧，他们听到我要做什么，有时会把手举到脸上。A. fears害怕；B. apologies道歉；C. suffering痛苦；D. discrimination根据下文"who have occasionally raised their hands to their faces upon 55 what I was up to"可知，听到我经历的一切，他们感到害怕。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词。句意：我讲最后这个故事，是为了减轻朋友和其他人的恐惧，他们听到我要做什么，有时会把手举到脸上。A. arguing辩论；B. finishing完成；C. hearing听见；D. memorizing记忆。根据上文"I tell this last story "可知，我讲故事，他们听故事。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有些人是为我概述所有事情的专家，当一个人把自己放入未知的时候，可能会出错。A. powerful强大的；B. absurd荒谬的；C. noisy吵闹的；D. unknown不知名的。 一些人是这方面的行家，他们为我列出当置身于未知之地时，一切可能出错的事情。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义:去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待结交的友谊，去进入一个全新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里惊喜就是回报。A. plan计划；B. point观点；C. story故事；D. contract 合同。但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义:去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待结交的友谊，去进入一个全新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里惊喜就是回报。A. discover发现；B. insure 确保；C. mend修补；D. promote促进，提升。根据上下文可知，去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待的友谊。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义:去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待结交的友谊，去进入一个全新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里惊喜就是回报。A. adopt收养，采纳；B. survive幸存；C. enter进入；D. develop发展。 此处意为进入一个新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里，惊喜就是回报。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义:去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待结交的友谊，去进入一个全新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里惊喜就是回报。A. privilege特权；B. defence防御；C. freedom自由；D. reward报酬。参见上一题解析。故选D。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The silent killer — air pollution causes seven million premature (过早的) ___41___ (death) a year, not just in ___42___ (develop) countries but also in UK and the USA as well. In China，people are well aware of the health problems it brings.
I check every part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will prepare masks for my family. I dislike ___43___ when the air is bad. Because bad air makes it difficult for me to breathe and I think it does influence my ___44___ (perform) at work. A new research in china has also found a link between air quality and levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000 people living across China ___45___ (test) in language and math skills last year. They found the results of those ___46___ lived in more polluted areas were ___47___ (negative) impacted, especially in languages. It adds to a growing body of evidence that air pollution has an effect not just on the lungs and heart ___48___ on the brain.
This research shows that the longer we are exposed to air pollution, the ___49___ (many) problems we’re storing up for later life. Campaigners hope this study will persuade the British government ____50____ (think) hard before it publishes its clean air strategy next year.
【答案】41. deaths
42. developing
43. it 44. performance
45. were tested
46. who 47. negatively
48. but 49. more
50. to think
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一则新闻报道。无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。最新研究表明，我们接触空气污染的时间越长，我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。此处death“死亡的人数”，是可数名词，结合句意可知此处用复数形式，故答案为deaths。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。此处根据后文的英美可知是“发展中的”，是形容词作定语修饰后面的名词，故答案为developing。
【43题详解】
考查it用法。句意：我不喜欢空气不好时候。此处it是形式宾语，when引导的从句是真正的宾语，故答案为it。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：我认为这确实会影响我的工作表现。此处my是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故答案为performance。
【45题详解】
考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：在这项研究中，去年对中国各地的2.5万人进行了语言和数学技能测试。此处句子主语people，和谓语动词test之间是一种被动关系，再根据In the study，是过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为were tested。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们发现，那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的受到了负面影响，尤其是在语言方面。此处those是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为who。
【47题详解】
考查词形转换。句意：他们发现，那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的受到了负面影响，尤其是在语言方面。此处impacted是动词，由副词修饰，故答案为negatively。
【48题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：越来越多的证据表明，空气污染不仅会影响肺部和心脏，还会影响大脑。固定搭配：not just/only---but（also）“不但------而且------”。故答案为but。
【49题详解】
考查比较级。句意：这项研究表明，我们接触空气污染的时间越长，我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。固定结构：the+比较级，the+比较级“越---，越----。”故答案为more。
【50题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：活动家希望这项研究能说服英国政府在明年公布其清洁空气战略之前三思。固定搭配：persuade sb. to do sth.“劝说某人做某事”。故答案为to think。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第6小题中先行词为those，再分析先行词those在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词those带到从句中可知，只能作主语，故确定关系词为who。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday, I took a walk in the Panzhihua Park with my parents. The beautiful flowers were in various color. We were enjoying the scenery around when something unpleasant catch my attention. Not far from us, the middle-aged woman was eating some oranges while chat with her friends. In my surprise, she threw the orange skin on the ground, totally ignoring the sign nearby which was read “No Littering”. I think it is not a good behavior throw rubbish somewhere, and all of us should love our environment. As visitors, you should do something to protect the park after it becomes a huge dustbin.
【答案】1.color→colors。
2.catch→caught。
3.the→a
4.chat→chatting
5.In→To
6.把read前的was去掉
7.在throw前面加to
8.somewhere→everywhere
9.you→we
10.after→before
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者和父母去the Panzhihua Park散步，看到垃圾到处扔，呼吁人们，作为游客，在公园成为一个巨大的垃圾箱之前我们应该做些事情来保护公园。
【详解】1.考查名词复数。根据various“各种各样的”，可知后面用名词复数，故把color改成colors。
2.考查时态。句意：我们正在欣赏周围的风景时，这时候一件不愉快的事引起了我的注意。固定句式：were doing sth.---when---，“正在做某事，这时候”，后半句用一般过去时态，故把catch改成caught。
3.考查不定冠词。句意：在离我们不远的地方，一位中年妇女在和她的朋友聊天时正在吃橘子。结合句意可知是泛指，所以把the改成a。
4.考查现在分词。句意：在离我们不远的地方，一位中年妇女在和她的朋友聊天时正在吃橘子。此处while+ doing，表主动关系，是while引导的时间状语从句的省略，故把chat改成chatting。
5.考查固定词组。to one’s surprise“使某人惊讶的是”，故把In改成To。
6.考查不及物动词。句意：她把橘皮扔在地上，完全无视旁边写着“禁止乱丢垃圾”牌子。此处read“读作，读起来”，是不及物动词，没有被动语态，故把句中was去掉。
7.考查动词不定式。句意：我认为到处扔垃圾不是一个好行为。此处宾语从句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故在throw前面加to。
8.考查地点副词。句意：我认为到处扔垃圾不是一个好行为。结合句意可知把somewhere改成everywhere。
9.考查人称代词。句意：作为游客，在公园成为一个巨大的垃圾箱之前我们应该做些事情来保护公园。根据前句的all of us，以及our可知是第一人称，所以把you改成we。
10.考查连词。句意：作为游客，在公园成为一个巨大的垃圾箱之前我们应该做些事情来保护公园。结合句意可知把after改成before。
【点睛】与并列连词when相关的句式归纳
1． be (just) about to do when
She was just about to say something more when she noticed the sullen look on his face．她刚要再说些什么， 却突然看到了他阴沉的脸色。
2． be (just) on the point of doing sth when
They were on the point of giving up when the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship． 就在他们快要放弃努力时， 船长鼓励他们竭尽全力挽救轮船。
3． be going to do when
He was going to run away， when the policemen came． 他正打算逃跑， 警察突然出现了。
4． be doing sth when
The children are playing football on the playground， when it began to rain． 孩子们正在操场上踢足球， 突然下起了大雨。
5． had （just) done when
I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang． 在劳累了一天之后， 我刚要上床睡觉， 这时电话响了。
本题第2小题，句意：我们正在欣赏周围的风景时，这时候一件不愉快的事引起了我的注意。固定句式：were doing sth.---when---，“正在做某事，这时候”，后半句用一般过去时态，故把catch改成caught。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，你的伦敦朋友Terry打算到成都旅游，将于本周六上午10点到达双流国际机场，写信询问你能否到机场接他并入住你家。请你写一封回信，要点包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 接机的具体时间和地点；
3. 愿意当向导和安排行程。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Terry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Terry,
How is everything going? I’m glad to receive your letter
Welcome to Chengdu. It’s my pleasure to meet you at the airport and have you stay at my home.
I’ll be at Shuangliu International Airport at 9:50 this Saturday morning, at the 4th Exit and wearing a red jacket, so you won’t miss me. Besides, I wish to be your guide, showing you around Wuhou Temple, Kuan Zhai Alley and other places of interest, where you can not only get a feel for the Tianfu Culture, but also have a taste of special snacks in Chengdu.
I hope you can enjoy your stay in Chengdu and I’m looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封书信：假如你是李华，你的伦敦朋友Terry打算到成都旅游，将于本周六上午10点到达双流国际机场，写信询问你能否到机场接他并入住你家。请你写一封回信，要点包括：1. 表示欢迎；2. 接机的具体时间和地点；3. 愿意当向导和安排行程。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：glad to receive your letter（高兴收到你的来信）；my pleasure to meet you at the airport（在飞机场遇到你很开心）；showing you around（带领你参观）；等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。How is everything going?用问句开头问候；Besides, I wish to be your guide, showing you around Wuhou Temple, Kuan Zhai Alley and other places of interest现在分词作伴随状语；Kuan Zhai Alley and other places of interest, where you can not only get a feel for the Tianfu Culture, but also have a taste of special snacks in Chengdu.句中运用where引导的定语从句。
资阳市高中2017级第一次诊断性考试
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。
2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每话仅读一遍。
1. How did the woman get to Baltimore?
A. By train. B. By bus. C. By taxi.
2. What does the woman think about the course?
A. Too hard. B. Too easy. C. Worth taking.
3. Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a classroom.
4. When will Mr John come back?
A. On Wednesday night. B. On Friday night. C. On Saturday morning.
5. When would the man like to visit the Great Wall?
A. In spring. B. In winter. C. In autumn.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Who is Mary going to visit?
A. Her children. B. Her parents. C. Her sister.
7. How long will Mary be gone?
A. For three days. B. For three weeks. C. For a month.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where did the family buy the animal?
A. From a pet stand. B. From a rescue centre. C. From an animal shelter.
9. How much did the animal eat a day?
A. A box of noodles. B. Two boxes of noodles. C. Two boxes of meat.
10. What was the animal actually?
A. A dog. B. A tiger. C. A bear.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11 . How is everything for Sarah now?
A. Very bad. B. Good. C. Just so so.
12. What happened to Bill and Sarah’s husband?
A. They never stayed at home.
B. They suffered from their wives’ bad temper.
C. They bought cigarettes for their wives.
13. Who hasn’t given up smoking?
A. Sarah. B. Bill. C. Bill’s wife.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the woman want to be?
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. An engineer.
15. Who does the man admire most?
A. His brother. B. His father. C. His grandfather.
16. Where would the man love to travel to?
A. Asia. B. Europe. C. America.
17. What will the woman do this summer?
A. Find a job. B. Go on a trip. C. Take extra classes.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How many people visited the park in the first six months?
A. 5.6 million. B. 7 million. C. 16 million.
19. Which themed area is now under development?
A. Treasure Cove. B. Tomorrow land. C. Toy Story Land.
20. What was built in Shanghai Disneyland instead of Disney’s classic Main Street USA?
A. Mickey Land. B. Mickey Avenue. C. Minnie Gardens.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Do you have a talented young artist, photographer, or designer in your life? It’s never too early to start helping them get their work out there! We’ve rounded up the top art competitions for kids and teens that can help these young creators share their first masterpiece with the world. Most of them are totally free to enter!
Global Canvas Children’s Art Competition
Ages: 16 and under Mediums: drawing, painting
Organized by the David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation, this art competition wants to inspire the next generation to be more mindful of how we take care of the earth. The judges are looking for artists to discover the wonderful places that wildlife calls home.
Toyota Dream Car Art Contest
Ages: 15 and under Mediums: drawing, painting
Time to design a dream car! Toyota wants to get junior artists thinking about what the future of transportation might look like. Prizes include a chance to tour one of the Toyota car plants and experience various aspects of Japanese culture.
Advena World Children’s Art Competition
Ages: 15 and under Mediums: drawing, painting, photos and other original artworks
The competition aims to promote creativity and self-expression. Instead of a theme, it asks the participating artists to simply express their feelings—anything from sadness or joy to anger or excitement—through their chosen medium.
Progressive Young Artists Awards
Open to: high school and college students Mediums: drawing, painting, photograph, mixed media, sculpture
PYAA is all about expressing and celebrating progressive values. So, if there is a creative teen in your life who wants to do good in the world, sign him or her up for this art competition. The prize is a scholarship that winners can put forwards their post-secondary schooling.
1. Which of the following favors the environment?
A. Advena World Children’s Art Competition.
B. Global Canvas Children’s Art Competition.
C. Toyota Dream Car Art Contest.
D. Progressive Young Artists Awards.
2. What prize can the winner get at Toyota Dream Car Art Contest?
A. A dream car. B. A scholarship.
C. A tour of a factory. D. An amount of cash.
3. What is special about Advena World Children’s Art Competition?
A. It has no fixed theme. B. It has an entrance fee.
C. The prize is a scholarship. D. Its participants are the youngest.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了有助于孩子展示艺术才华的四大比赛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Global Canvas Children’s Art Competition中的this art competition wants to inspire the next generation to be more mindful of how we take care of the earth.可知，它的目的就是使下一代更加关注如何呵护地球环境。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Toyota Dream Car Art Contest中的Prizes include a chance to tour one of the Toyota car plants and experience various aspects of Japanese culture.可知，奖励包括游览丰田汽车工厂。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。纵观全文并进行细致比较可知Global Canvas Children’s Art Competition关注的是地球环境；Toyota Dream Car Art Contest则着眼与未来的交通；Progressive Young Artists Awards围绕的是未来的价值观；唯有Advena World Children’s Art Competition没有设置主题，这可以从Instead of a theme, it asks the participating artists to simply express their feelings—anything from sadness or joy to anger or excitement得知本比赛没有主题，只是让参加者表达他们的想法。故选A项。
B
Families around the country are finding new options for their children’s midday meal thanks to a growing number of delivery options catering to students. Kiddos Catering in Chicago adopts a method of providing restaurant meals to schools that contract with it. Owner Michelle Moses and her staff work with area restaurants to create a variety of kid-friendly choices and deliver the meals to the schools five days a week. Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the day’s featured restaurant and its menu choices.
"Each day is a different restaurant with six to 10 menu options," she said. "It offers so much choice to kids." The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely to toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. "Schools really want to be in the business of educating kids," she said. "They don’t want to be in the food and beverage(餐饮) business."
That doesn’t mean that schools always like it when teens (or parents) take it upon themselves to order food through phone apps. Many schools have banned that practice, citing safety concerns about delivery drivers showing up at school unannounced and the burden of tracking down students to alarm them that their meals have arrived.
"These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff," said Bernard Watson, director of community relations for Gwinnett County Public Schools in Suwanee, Ga. "In addition, our award-winning school nutrition program provides students with a wide variety of tasty, nutritious meals on-site, so there is no need to order food from outside."
Jacob Levin, a recent graduate of Bexley High School in Bexley, Ohio, relied on a sub shop to deliver a sandwich to him during lunchtime meetings or other appointments that conflicted with his lunch period. "It was a convenient option. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it weren’t for the delivery option," he said. "Having a restaurant-quality sub also was much more enjoyable than cafeteria food."
4. What can we learn about Kiddos Catering?
A. It should be ordered online.
B. It is a non-profit food program.
C. It delivers the meals to the schools twice a day.
D. It mainly offers the featured dishes of a restaurant.
5. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The aim of the food and beverage business.
B. A suitable time for school meals.
C. Advantages of the delivering school lunch.
D. An alternative to the school cafeteria.
6. What is Bernard Watson’s concern for delivering food?
A. It’s less healthy than that in the school cafeteria.
B. It causes a potential danger to students.
C. It attracts students’ attention to study.
D. Its arrival is usually not punctual.
7. What is Jacob Levin’ s attitude to the change of the school lunch?
A. Neutral. B. Careless. C. Supportive. D. Unfavorable.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
本文是一篇议论文。孩子们的午餐有了新的选择，这要归功于越来越多迎合学生口味的外卖服务。但是该怎样权衡这一现象的利弊呢？
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the day’s featured restaurant and its menu choices"可知，Kiddos Catering提供的午餐需要在网上预订。故选A。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。从第二段的 The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely to toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. 可以知道本段从父母以及学校两个角度介绍了递送的学校午餐的好处。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的"These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff "可知，Bernard Watson担忧的是，食物的递送可能会给学生带来潜在的危险。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据"It was a convenient option. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it weren’t for the delivery option,"可推断出，Jacob Levin对此的态度是支持的。故选C。
C
Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn’t flat. Nope, your hair and nails don’t grow after you die. The holes at the top of Bic biro pens are there so that, if you swallow one accidentally, you can still breathe and won’t choke to death. It’s debatable whether that last one there is common knowledge or not. A quick Google search of the fact, rewritten as a question, shows articles addressing this point going back several years, with the latest (re)appearing just this week over on ScienceAlert. We suppose it’s one of those things that come up from time to time, like what would happen if you attack Yellowstone with a nuclear weapon (not much, as it turns out).
If you jump over to Bic’s website, under their FAQs (frequently asked questions), it quite clearly states: "The reason that some BIC® pens have a hole in their cap is to prevent the cap from completely obstructing the airway if accidentally breathed in. This is requested by the international safety standards ISO11540, except for in cases where the cap is considered too large to be a choking risk."
That’s rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers, we thought we’d share a few more random facts about Bic that are probably going to come up in a pub quiz one day. Did you know, for example, that each Bic ballpoint pen can produce at least 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) of ink before it begins to run out? In fact, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 miles) of writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性笔), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard.
The best part of the Bic site, however, is this rather curious fact: "100 percent of pen balls are made through a highly-controlled process." As opposed to a highly uncontrolled process, involving explosions and bouncy castles and total chaos, we suppose.
8. Why does the author mention the case of Yellowstone?
A. To list the facts. B. To prove his point.
C. To compare the two situations. D. To emphasize the importance of safety.
9. What does the underlined word "obstructing" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Block. B. Open. C. Transform. D. Narrow.
10. Why were the writing tests on pens carried out?
A. To work out their lifespan. B. To assure their good quality.
C. To prove some random facts. D. To compare different pens with each other.
11. In what tone does the author develop the text?
A. Critical. B. Acid. C. Humorous. D. Serious.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是科普说明文。你知道为什么毕克笔的笔帽上有一个小孔吗？原来是为了防止那些粗心的使用者不小心吞下而窒息死亡。这真是粗心使用者的生命通道。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。上文提到毕克笔的笔帽上留一个小孔的原因，且这个问题会被偶尔问到，就像如果你用核武器攻击黄石公园会发生什么事这个问题一样，作者是在举例证明他的观点，故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。此处意为当使用者不慎把笔帽吞下时，笔帽上的小孔就是为了阻止笔帽完全阻塞气管而引起窒息，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的"In fact, in 2018, 7,250 kilometers (4,505 miles) of writing tests on such pens were carried out on ballpoint pens, gel pens(中性笔), and rollers to make sure they worked to the highest standard."可知，举行书写测试的目的是为了确保笔能够达到最高的标准，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的"Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn’t flat. Nope, your hair and nails don’t grow after you die. "和第三段中的"That’s rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers"等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。本题第4小题，根据第一段中的"Some things should just be common knowledge by now. The Earth isn’t flat. Nope, your hair and nails don’t grow after you die. "和第三段中的"That’s rather lovely of them. In appreciation of their want to not kill off their more clumsy customers"等作者的行文措辞可知，作者笔调轻松幽默，故选C。
D
An experimental cleanup device called RemoveDEBRIS has successfully cast a net around a dummy (仿真的) satellite, imitating a technique that could one day collect spaceborne garbage.
The test, which was carried out this week, is widely believed to be the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, experts told CNN. And it symbolizes an early step toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space.
Millions of pieces of junk are turning around in orbit, the result of 50 years of space travel and few regulations to keep space clean. At orbital speeds, even a small bit of paint crashing with a satellite can cause critical damage.
Various companies have plans to send thousands of new satellites into low-Earth orbit, already the most crowded area.
The RemoveDEBRIS experiment is run by a company and researchers led by the U. K.’s Surrey Space Center and includes Airbus, Airbus-owned Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. and France’s ArianeGroup.
Guglielmo Aglietti, the director of Surrey Space Center, said that an operational version of the RemoveDEBRlS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite so the debris can be dragged out of orbit. It could target large pieces of junk, including dead satellites up to 10 meters long.
The RemoveDEBRIS satellite will conduct a few more experiments in the coming months, including testing navigation features that could help guide the satellite to a specific piece of debris.
Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, said the success of this week’s experiment was exciting, but he cautioned against “over- publicizing” it.
There are still enormous barriers to clear before operational cleanup tasks are underway, he said, and the most discouraging is figuring out how to fund such projects.
Aglietti, the Surrey professor who helped lead the RemoveDEBRIS project, said “The challenge will lie in persuading the relevant authorities to sponsor these tasks.” Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few cleanup tasks per year, targeting the largest pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.
12. What is the use of the RemoveDEBRIS satellite?
A. Demonstrating space technology.
B. Imitating a developing technique.
C. Collecting wastes existing in space.
D. Symbolizing great progress in space.
13. How does the RemoveDEBRlS satellite work?
A. By throwing a net to take the junk from orbit.
B. By fastening it to the main satellite tightly.
C. By dragging satellites up to 10 meters long.
D. By targeting large pieces of junk carefully.
14. What does the underlined word “sponsor” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Accomplish. B. Support. C. Oppose. D. Provide.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. The RemoveDEBRIS Project Is Perfect
B. How RemoveDEBRIS Is Invented in the Lab
C. Why the RemoveDEBRIS Satellite Is Invented
D. Satellite Collects Space Junk for the First Time
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是“卫星首次收集太空垃圾。”一种名为“清除碎片”(remove)的实验清理设备成功地在一颗虚拟卫星周围撒网，模仿一种有朝一日可能收集太空垃圾的技术。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中imitating a technique that could one day collect spaceborne garbage.“模仿一种有一天可以收集太空垃圾的技术。”可知，the RemoveDEBRIS卫星的用途是收集太空中存在的废物。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中 ……an operational version of the RemoveDEBRlS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite so the debris can be dragged out of orbit. It could target large pieces of junk, including dead satellites up to 10 meters long.“该公司表示，一种操作性版本的RemoveDEBRlS技术将会在主卫星上撒网，这样碎片就可以被拖出轨道。它可以瞄准大块的垃圾，包括长达10米的报废卫星。”可知，RemoveDEBRlS卫星是通过撒网把垃圾带离轨道。故选A。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few cleanup tasks per year, targeting the largest pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.“Aglietti说，他希望清理碎片的工作每年能进行几次，目标是收集最拥挤轨道上最大的垃圾碎片。”由此推知，“挑战在于说服有关当局赞助这些任务。”可知，划线词的意思是“支持”。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中The test, which was carried out this week, is widely believed to be the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, experts told CNN. And it symbolizes an early step toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space.“专家告诉CNN，本周进行的这次测试被广泛认为是太空清洁技术的首次成功演示。它象征着解决太空垃圾这一关键问题的第一步。”可知，本文主题是“卫星首次收集太空垃圾”。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Babies have the charm to melt anybody’s heart instantly; no one escapes the twinkling eyes or the innocent smile. Just their presence will cheer you up, make you forget your worries and tempt you to indulge into their world. ___16___ Though I don’t have any answer to the question, I wonder as to what makes their aura so desirable. And I think there is something we can learn from the young ones.
Forgive and Forget
Babies can laugh and giggle all day because they don’t keep hatred against anyone. ___17___
Do you think they’ve constructed an evil plan against you because you refused them candy last time? Probably not, life moved on and so did they. So why do we hold on to our past and refuse to let go of the emotional baggage? Does it do us any good except prevent us from laughing to the fullest?
___18___
Endless questions of young kids can sometimes be enough to drain the adult mind. They are always busy wondering how things work or why things are the way they are, leaving no room for boredom. Their curiosity gives them an exponential learning curve; they pick up new things quickly and do not refuse to change.
Unconditional Love
___19___ They don’t judge you before they come running into your knees and they don’t walk away if you don’t give them the same in return. They have no expectations from you and simply do what their heart desires. If you want a hug, they’ll give you a hug; if you want two, they’ll give you two. So how does the adult world become so materialistic that we decide what we give based on what we think we might receive?
Living life to the fullest is not a difficult task; you just need to have the right attitude and an open mind. ___20___
A. Keep smile every day
B. Never-ending Curiosity
C. What can we do to free from these worries?
D. Why do we adore the young ones so much?
E. So don’t envy the peaceful life of a baby, start living it yourself!
F. Kids have a hug and a kiss for anyone and everyone who wants one.
G. Their heart is pure and their mind empty to laugh out loud and enjoy the moment.
【答案】16. D 17. G
18. B 19. F
20. E
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们应该从童真的孩子那里学到什么。婴儿有一种魔力，可以瞬间融化任何人的心，没有人能逃过那闪烁的眼睛和天真的微笑。他们的存在会让你开心，让你忘记烦恼，让你沉浸在他们的世界里。充实地生活并非难事，你只需要有正确的态度和开放的思想。
【16题详解】
下文提示“虽然我对这个问题没有任何答案，但我想知道是什么让它们的光环如此诱人。”可知上句应该是一个问句，所以在C和D中选。再根据下文中的desirable“诱人的，令人向往的”，推知，D项Why do we adore the young ones so much?（为什么我们如此崇拜年轻人?）切题。故选D。
【17题详解】
上文提示“婴儿可以整天咯咯地笑，因为他们不憎恨任何人。”承接上文，G项Their heart is pure and their mind empty to laugh out loud and enjoy the moment.（他们的心是纯洁的，他们的思想是空的，他们大声笑出来，享受这一刻。）切题。故选G。
【18题详解】
此空是小标题。根据下文提示“孩子们没完没了的问题有时足以耗尽成年人的精力。”和“Their curiosity”，可知，B项 Never-ending Curiosity（永无休止的好奇心）切题。故选B。
【19题详解】
本段标题Unconditional Love“无条件的爱”。再根据空格下文提示“他们不会在遇到你之前就对你评头论足，如果你不给他们同样的回报，他们也不会离开。”承接下文和小标题，F项Kids have a hug and a kiss for anyone and everyone who wants one.（孩子们会给任何想要拥抱和亲吻的人一个拥抱和一个亲吻。）切题。故选F。
【20题详解】
上文提示“充实地生活并非难事；你只需要有正确的态度和开放的思想。”承接上文，E项So don’t envy the peaceful life of a baby, start living it yourself!（所以，不要羡慕婴儿平静的生活，开始自己过吧!）切题。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Now that my children are grown and, for the most part, I have recovered a habit, and a love: solo travel(独自旅行). The ___21___ was planted when I was 17 and went on a class trip to Spain. After that adventure I sought every opportunity to ___22___ on my own, because I wanted to ___23___ as I wished, noting my ___24___ into my journal.
I ___25___, many years ago, before I became a dad, arranging to ___26___ for a summer on an Icelandic farm in exchange for room and board. My____27____were to take a bus along the south coast from Reykjavik and get off at a certain crossroads, where the farmer was to pick me up. The driver ___28___ at the appointed place, but no one was there to ___29___ me. And so I put my backpack down in a sheep field and read a book, having ____30____ myself that when one ____31____, one is never lost. Sure enough, within a reasonable amount of time my host ____32____, and I spent a lovely summer haying (制干草) with a family in which not a word of English was ____33____.
I tell this last story to lessen the ____34____ of friends and others who have occasionally raised their hands to their faces upon ____35____ what I was up to. Some are specialists in outlining for me all the things that can go wrong when one puts oneself into the ____36____. But for me, that’s the whole ____37____ of travel: to go where I haven’t gone before, to ____38____ friendships waiting to be made, to ____39____ a new and, for me, undiscovered environment where being pleasantly surprised is the ____40____.
21. A. grass B. seed C. flower D. tree
22. A. explore B. march C. harvest D. miss
23. A. reflect B. speak C. move D. withdraw
24. A. consequence B. impressions C. dilemma D. safety
25. A. imagined B. resisted C. risked D. remembered
26. A. work B. tolerate C. respond D. compromise
27. A. achievements B. mistakes C. references D. routes
28. A. wandered B. bargained C. stopped D. failed
29. A. correct B. meet C. employ D. contradict
30. A. convinced B. adjusted C. attended D. teased
31. A. erupts B. travels C. disappears D. recovers
32. A. stopped B. returned C. appeared D. joined
33. A. spoken B. accepted C. ignored D. prohibited
34. A. fears B. apologies C. suffering D. discrimination
35. A. arguing B. finishing C. hearing D. memorizing
36. A. powerful B. absurd C. noisy D. unknown
37. A. plan B. point C. story D. contract
38. A. discover B. insure C. mend D. promote
39. A. adopt B. survive C. enter D. develop
40. A. privilege B. defence C. freedom D. reward
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
本文为夹叙夹议文。作者记叙了自己的旅行经历，发表了对独自旅行的看法:去从未去过的地方，去发现等待的友谊，进入一个新的、未被发现的环境，在那里，惊喜就是回报。
【21题详解】
考查名词。句意：这颗种子是我17岁那年，随班去西班牙旅行时种下。A. grass草；B. seed种子；C. flower花；D. tree树。 独自旅游的种子(seed)始于我十七岁时去西班牙的一次班级旅行。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词。句意：那次冒险之后，我寻找一切机会独自探索，因为我想随心所欲地行动，在日记里记下我的印象。A. explore探索；B. march前进；C. harvest收获；D. miss 想念，错过。在那次冒险之后，我寻找一切机会独自去探险explore。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词。句意：那次冒险之后，我寻找一切机会独自探索，因为我想随心所欲地行动，在日记里记下我的印象。A. reflect反应，折射；B. speak讲话；C. move移动；D. withdraw 退缩。因为我想按照自己的意愿去行动(move)，把印象(impression)记在我的日记里。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词。句意：那次冒险之后，我寻找一切机会独自探索，因为我想随心所欲地行动，在日记里记下我的印象。A. consequence结果；B. impressions印象；C. dilemma困境；D. safety安全。 参见上一题解析。故选B。
25题详解】
考查动词。句意：我记得，许多年前，在我成为一名父亲之前，我安排在冰岛的一个农场工作一个夏天，以换取食宿。A. imagined想象；B. resisted 抵制，反抗；C. risked冒险；D. remembered记得。 我记得(remembered)，很多年前，在我成为父亲之前，我计划在冰岛的一个农场工作(work)一个夏天，以换取食宿。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词。句意：我记得，许多年前，在我成为一名父亲之前，我安排在冰岛的一个农场工作一个夏天，以换取食宿。A. work工作；B. tolerate 忍受，容忍；C. respond反应；D. compromise承诺。参见上一题解析。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词。句意：我的路线是从雷克雅未克沿南海岸乘公共汽车，在某个十字路口下车，农民会来接我。A. achievements成就；B. mistakes错误；C. references参考；D. routes路线。 根据下文"沿着南海岸从雷克雅未克出发，在一个特定的十字路口下车……"可知，此处指我的旅游路线(route)。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词。句意：司机在约定的地方停了下来，但没有人在那里接我。A. wandered徘徊；B. bargained交易；C. stopped购物；D. failed失败。 司机在指定的地方停了下来，但没有人来接我。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词。句意：司机在约定的地方停了下来，但没有人在那里接我。A. correct 改正；B. meet遇见；C. employ雇佣；D. contradict反驳，否定。参见上一题解析。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词。句意：于是，我把背包放在牧羊地里，读了一本书，因为我相信，当一个人旅行时，他永远不会迷路。A. convinced说服；B. adjusted调整；C. attended出席；D. teased取笑。我一直说服(convince)自己:当一个人旅行时，他是永远不会迷路的，于是我把背包放在羊圈里，读了一本书(等着人来接我)。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：于是，我把背包放在牧羊地里，读了一本书，因为我相信，当一个人旅行时，他永远不会迷路。A. erupts爆发；B. travels 旅行；C. disappears消失；D. recovers 恢复。参见上一题解析。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：果然，在相当长的一段时间里，我的主人来了，我和一家人度过了一个愉快的夏天，他们一句英语也没说。 A. stopped停止；B. returned归还，返回；C. appeared出现；D. joined加入。 根据上文" for summer on an Icelandic farm in exchange for room and board"因为作者去农场工作，可知，此处指来接我的主人出现(appear)了。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：果然，在相当长的一段时间里，我的主人来了，我和一家人度过了一个愉快的夏天，他们一句英语也没说。A. spoken讲话，说；B. accepted接受；C. ignored忽视；D. prohibited禁止。我和一个不说英语的家庭在一起度过了一个愉快的夏天。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：我讲最后这个故事，是为了减轻朋友和其他人的恐惧，他们听到我要做什么，有时会把手举到脸上。A. fears害怕；B. apologies道歉；C. suffering痛苦；D. discrimination根据下文"who have occasionally raised their hands to their faces upon 55 what I was up to"可知，听到我经历的一切，他们感到害怕。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词。句意：我讲最后这个故事，是为了减轻朋友和其他人的恐惧，他们听到我要做什么，有时会把手举到脸上。A. arguing辩论；B. finishing完成；C. hearing听见；D. memorizing记忆。根据上文"I tell this last story "可知，我讲故事，他们听故事。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有些人是为我概述所有事情的专家，当一个人把自己放入未知的时候，可能会出错。A. powerful强大的；B. absurd荒谬的；C. noisy吵闹的；D. unknown不知名的。 一些人是这方面的行家，他们为我列出当置身于未知之地时，一切可能出错的事情。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义:去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待结交的友谊，去进入一个全新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里惊喜就是回报。A. plan计划；B. point观点；C. story故事；D. contract 合同。但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义:去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待结交的友谊，去进入一个全新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里惊喜就是回报。A. discover发现；B. insure 确保；C. mend修补；D. promote促进，提升。根据上下文可知，去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待的友谊。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义:去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待结交的友谊，去进入一个全新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里惊喜就是回报。A. adopt收养，采纳；B. survive幸存；C. enter进入；D. develop发展。 此处意为进入一个新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里，惊喜就是回报。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：但对我来说，这就是旅行的全部意义:去我从未去过的地方，去发现等待结交的友谊，去进入一个全新的，对我来说，未被发现的环境，在那里惊喜就是回报。A. privilege特权；B. defence防御；C. freedom自由；D. reward报酬。参见上一题解析。故选D。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The silent killer — air pollution causes seven million premature (过早的) ___41___ (death) a year, not just in ___42___ (develop) countries but also in UK and the USA as well. In China，people are well aware of the health problems it brings.
I check every part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will prepare masks for my family. I dislike ___43___ when the air is bad. Because bad air makes it difficult for me to breathe and I think it does influence my ___44___ (perform) at work. A new research in china has also found a link between air quality and levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000 people living across China ___45___ (test) in language and math skills last year. They found the results of those ___46___ lived in more polluted areas were ___47___ (negative) impacted, especially in languages. It adds to a growing body of evidence that air pollution has an effect not just on the lungs and heart ___48___ on the brain.
This research shows that the longer we are exposed to air pollution, the ___49___ (many) problems we’re storing up for later life. Campaigners hope this study will persuade the British government ____50____ (think) hard before it publishes its clean air strategy next year.
【答案】41. deaths
42. developing
43. it 44. performance
45. were tested
46. who 47. negatively
48. but 49. more
50. to think
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一则新闻报道。无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。最新研究表明，我们接触空气污染的时间越长，我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。此处death“死亡的人数”，是可数名词，结合句意可知此处用复数形式，故答案为deaths。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。此处根据后文的英美可知是“发展中的”，是形容词作定语修饰后面的名词，故答案为developing。
【43题详解】
考查it用法。句意：我不喜欢空气不好时候。此处it是形式宾语，when引导的从句是真正的宾语，故答案为it。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：我认为这确实会影响我的工作表现。此处my是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故答案为performance。
【45题详解】
考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：在这项研究中，去年对中国各地的2.5万人进行了语言和数学技能测试。此处句子主语people，和谓语动词test之间是一种被动关系，再根据In the study，是过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为were tested。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们发现，那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的受到了负面影响，尤其是在语言方面。此处those是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为who。
【47题详解】
考查词形转换。句意：他们发现，那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的受到了负面影响，尤其是在语言方面。此处impacted是动词，由副词修饰，故答案为negatively。
【48题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：越来越多的证据表明，空气污染不仅会影响肺部和心脏，还会影响大脑。固定搭配：not just/only---but（also）“不但------而且------”。故答案为but。
【49题详解】
考查比较级。句意：这项研究表明，我们接触空气污染的时间越长，我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。固定结构：the+比较级，the+比较级“越---，越----。”故答案为more。
【50题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：活动家希望这项研究能说服英国政府在明年公布其清洁空气战略之前三思。固定搭配：persuade sb. to do sth.“劝说某人做某事”。故答案为to think。
【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第6小题中先行词为those，再分析先行词those在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词those带到从句中可知，只能作主语，故确定关系词为who。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday, I took a walk in the Panzhihua Park with my parents. The beautiful flowers were in various color. We were enjoying the scenery around when something unpleasant catch my attention. Not far from us, the middle-aged woman was eating some oranges while chat with her friends. In my surprise, she threw the orange skin on the ground, totally ignoring the sign nearby which was read “No Littering”. I think it is not a good behavior throw rubbish somewhere, and all of us should love our environment. As visitors, you should do something to protect the park after it becomes a huge dustbin.
【答案】1.color→colors。
2.catch→caught。
3.the→a
4.chat→chatting
5.In→To
6.把read前的was去掉
7.在throw前面加to
8.somewhere→everywhere
9.you→we
10.after→before
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者和父母去the Panzhihua Park散步，看到垃圾到处扔，呼吁人们，作为游客，在公园成为一个巨大的垃圾箱之前我们应该做些事情来保护公园。
【详解】1.考查名词复数。根据various“各种各样的”，可知后面用名词复数，故把color改成colors。
2.考查时态。句意：我们正在欣赏周围的风景时，这时候一件不愉快的事引起了我的注意。固定句式：were doing sth.---when---，“正在做某事，这时候”，后半句用一般过去时态，故把catch改成caught。
3.考查不定冠词。句意：在离我们不远的地方，一位中年妇女在和她的朋友聊天时正在吃橘子。结合句意可知是泛指，所以把the改成a。
4.考查现在分词。句意：在离我们不远的地方，一位中年妇女在和她的朋友聊天时正在吃橘子。此处while+ doing，表主动关系，是while引导的时间状语从句的省略，故把chat改成chatting。
5.考查固定词组。to one’s surprise“使某人惊讶的是”，故把In改成To。
6.考查不及物动词。句意：她把橘皮扔在地上，完全无视旁边写着“禁止乱丢垃圾”牌子。此处read“读作，读起来”，是不及物动词，没有被动语态，故把句中was去掉。
7.考查动词不定式。句意：我认为到处扔垃圾不是一个好行为。此处宾语从句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故在throw前面加to。
8.考查地点副词。句意：我认为到处扔垃圾不是一个好行为。结合句意可知把somewhere改成everywhere。
9.考查人称代词。句意：作为游客，在公园成为一个巨大的垃圾箱之前我们应该做些事情来保护公园。根据前句的all of us，以及our可知是第一人称，所以把you改成we。
10.考查连词。句意：作为游客，在公园成为一个巨大的垃圾箱之前我们应该做些事情来保护公园。结合句意可知把after改成before。
【点睛】与并列连词when相关的句式归纳
1． be (just) about to do when
She was just about to say something more when she noticed the sullen look on his face．她刚要再说些什么， 却突然看到了他阴沉的脸色。
2． be (just) on the point of doing sth when
They were on the point of giving up when the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship． 就在他们快要放弃努力时， 船长鼓励他们竭尽全力挽救轮船。
3． be going to do when
He was going to run away， when the policemen came． 他正打算逃跑， 警察突然出现了。
4． be doing sth when
The children are playing football on the playground， when it began to rain． 孩子们正在操场上踢足球， 突然下起了大雨。
5． had （just) done when
I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang． 在劳累了一天之后， 我刚要上床睡觉， 这时电话响了。
本题第2小题，句意：我们正在欣赏周围的风景时，这时候一件不愉快的事引起了我的注意。固定句式：were doing sth.---when---，“正在做某事，这时候”，后半句用一般过去时态，故把catch改成caught。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，你的伦敦朋友Terry打算到成都旅游，将于本周六上午10点到达双流国际机场，写信询问你能否到机场接他并入住你家。请你写一封回信，要点包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 接机的具体时间和地点；
3. 愿意当向导和安排行程。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Terry,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Terry,
How is everything going? I’m glad to receive your letter
Welcome to Chengdu. It’s my pleasure to meet you at the airport and have you stay at my home.
I’ll be at Shuangliu International Airport at 9:50 this Saturday morning, at the 4th Exit and wearing a red jacket, so you won’t miss me. Besides, I wish to be your guide, showing you around Wuhou Temple, Kuan Zhai Alley and other places of interest, where you can not only get a feel for the Tianfu Culture, but also have a taste of special snacks in Chengdu.
I hope you can enjoy your stay in Chengdu and I’m looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封书信：假如你是李华，你的伦敦朋友Terry打算到成都旅游，将于本周六上午10点到达双流国际机场，写信询问你能否到机场接他并入住你家。请你写一封回信，要点包括：1. 表示欢迎；2. 接机的具体时间和地点；3. 愿意当向导和安排行程。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：glad to receive your letter（高兴收到你的来信）；my pleasure to meet you at the airport（在飞机场遇到你很开心）；showing you around（带领你参观）；等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。How is everything going?用问句开头问候；Besides, I wish to be your guide, showing you around Wuhou Temple, Kuan Zhai Alley and other places of interest现在分词作伴随状语；Kuan Zhai Alley and other places of interest, where you can not only get a feel for the Tianfu Culture, but also have a taste of special snacks in Chengdu.句中运用where引导的定语从句。
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