2021高考英语一轮统考复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Book4Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour学案含解析新人教版

Unit 3  A taste of English humour基础自主检测 阅读识记Ⅰ.英译汉1.homeless adj. 无家的；无家可归的2.leather n. 皮革3.budget n. 预算；开支4.vast adj. 巨大的；辽阔的5.porridge n. 粥；麦片粥6.drunk adj. 醉的Ⅱ.汉译英1.moustache n. 小胡子2.chew vt.& vi. 嚼碎；咀嚼(食物)3.actress n. 女演员4.pancake n. 烙饼；薄饼5.detective n. 侦探6.mountainous adj. 多山的；山一般的7.mess n. 脏或乱的状态高频应用1.content adj. 满足的；满意的　n. 满足　vt. 使满足2.ordinary adj. 平常的；普通的3.throughout prep. 遍及；贯穿　adv. 到处；始终；全部4.worn adj. 用旧的；用坏的；破烂的5.overcome vt.& vi. 战胜；克服6.outstanding adj. 突出的；杰出的；显著的7.gesture n. 姿态；手势　vi. 做手势8.occasion n. 时刻；场合9.slide vt.& vi. (使)滑动；(使)滑行　n. 滑；滑动；幻灯片10.whisper n. 耳语；低语　vt.& vi. 低语；小声说拓展变形1.humour (n.) 幽默；滑稽→humorous (adj.) 幽默的；滑稽的2.performer (n.) 表演者；演出者→perform (vt.) 表演→performance (n.) 表现；表演；业绩3.astonish (vt.) 使惊诧→astonishing (adj.) 令人感到惊讶的→astonishment (n.) 惊诧；震惊→astonished (adj.) 惊诧的4.fortunate (adj.) 幸运的；吉利的→fortunately (adv.) 幸运地→unfortunately (反义词) (adv.) 不幸地→fortune (n.) 运气；财富5.bored (adj.) 厌烦的→boring (adj.) 令人厌烦的6.entertain (vt.& vi.) 使欢乐；款待→entertaining (adj.) 愉快的；有趣的→entertainment (n.) 娱乐7.failure (n.) 失败(者)；失败的人或事→fail (vi.) 失败8.convince (vt.) 使信服→convincing (adj.) 令人信服的→convinced (adj.) 坚信不移的；确信的9.direct (vt.& vi.) 导演；指示；指挥 (adj.) 直的；直接的；直率的→direction (n.) 指导；方向→director (n.) 导演→directly (adv.) 直接地；径直地 (conj.) 一……就……10.particular (adj.) 特殊的；特别的 (n.)(pl.) 特点；细节；细目→particularly (adv.) 特殊地11.amuse (vt.) 使发笑；使愉快→amusing (adj.) 好笑的；有趣的→amused (adj.) 愉快的→amusement (n.) 愉快；快乐12.explanation (n.) 解释；讲解；说明→explain (vt.& vi.) 解释；说明13.react (vi.) 作出反应；回应→reaction (n.) 反应；回应 1.“满足；满意”家族①content adj. 满足的；满意的②satisfied adj. 满意的；满足的③pleased adj. 高兴的；满意的2.“惊讶”种种①astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的②surprising adj. 令人惊讶的；出人意料的③shocking adj. 令人震惊的3.表示情绪的高频形容词①depressed 沮丧的②delighted 欣喜的③bored 厌烦的④disappointed 失望的⑤blue 沮丧的⑥sad 悲伤的⑦excited 兴奋的4.“­ous”结尾的形容词①humorous 幽默的②dangerous 危险的③mountainous 多山的④continuous 连续的⑤poisonous 有毒的⑥generous 慷慨的⑦famous 著名的⑧cautious 谨慎的⑨precious 珍贵的⑩curious 好奇的⑪previous 以前的⑫delicious 美味的  一 动词＋介/副词1.cut off 切断；断绝2.pick out 挑出；辨别出3.star in 在……担任主角；主演4.react to 对……作出反应；回应二 其他5.up to now 直到现在6.feel/be content with 对……满足7.badly off 穷的；缺少的1.“v.＋out”常用短语荟萃①pick out 挑出；辨别出　　②run out 用光；耗尽③give out 分发；耗尽；用光④make out 理解；辨认出⑤work out 制定；计算出；锻炼；设法弄懂⑥carry out 实行；实施  ⑦find out 查明；弄清2.“作出反应”的各种表达聚焦①react to 对……作出反应②respond to 响应；回应……③reply to 回答；答复……④make response to 对……作出反应⑤reflect on 反省；思考……_________________________________________________________________1.as引导的定语从句，代替后面整个句子的内容As Victor Hugo once said (正如……说的), “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”， and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.(教材P18)2.it作形式宾语You may find_it_astonishing (感到惊奇) that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. (教材P18)3.动词­ing形式作结果状语Unfortunately his father died, leaving_the_family_even_worse_off (使得家境更加艰难), so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.(教材P18)4.by表示“到……为止”，句子常用完成时By_his_teens (到他十多岁的时候), Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England.(教材P18)单句语法填空1.He made people laugh at a time ________ they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.答案：when2.No one was ever bored ________ (watch) him—his subtle acting made everything ________ (entertain).答案：watching; entertaining3.Instead he and another man are hiding in a small hut during a snowstorm with nothing ________ (eat).答案：to eat4.They are ________ hungry that the little tramp tries boiling one of his leather shoes for dinner.答案：so5.He tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe as if it ________ (be) the finest steak.答案：were6.The acting is so ________ (convince) that it makes you believe that it is one of the ________ (good) meals he has ever tasted.答案：convincing; best7.He is loved and remembered ________ a great actor ________ could inspire people with great confidence.答案：as; who8.In ________ 1990s, Mr Bean became a star using mime to highlight difficult social situations much  ________ Charlie Chaplin had done.答案：the; as9.Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson went ________ (camp) in a mountainous area.答案：camping10.I think of ________ short life is and how long the universe has lasted.答案：how考点步步冲关 1 content　adj.满足的；满意的　vt.使满足　 　 　 　n．内容；目录；容量；满足He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.(P18)在人们感到沮丧的时候，他使他们开怀大笑，于是人们对自己的生活感到比较满足。(1)be content to do sth.＝be willing/ready to do sth.乐于做某事；满足于做某事feel/be content with sth.＝feel/be satisfied/pleased with sth.  对某事感到满意/满足(2)content oneself with 使(某人)自己对……感到满足(3)to one's heart's content 尽情地；尽兴地[名师点津]　(1)content作形容词时，通常作表语、后置定语或状语，作前置定语时要用contented，如a contented expression “满足的表情”。(2)作“目录”讲时，总用复数形式。即时练1单句语法填空①Those who are content ________ their present situations will surely make no difference in life.②That rich man is tired of city life, so he is content ________ (live) in the country.答案：①with　②to live一句多译我们不应该使自己仅仅满足于课本知识。③We shouldn't ____________________ learned from the books. (content adj.)④We should ____________________ learned from the books. (content vt.)答案：③be content with the knowledge　④never content ourselves with the knowledge 2 astonish　vt. 使惊诧You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak ... (P18)你可能会感到惊奇，查理刚能说话时大人就教他如何唱歌……(1)It astonishes sb. that ... 令某人惊讶的是……(2)astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的astonished adj. 感到惊讶的be astonished at/by sth. 因/对某事感到惊讶be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶(3)astonishment n. 惊讶to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是即时练2单句语法填空①It is ________ (astonish) that China produces one third of the world's  cigarettes.②He was ________ (astonish) to see how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years.③To our great ________， he wasn't ________ at the ________ news at all. (astonish)答案：①astonishing　②astonished　③astonishment; astonished; astonishing一句多译使我万分惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字！④____________________， she still remembered my name! (astonishment)⑤____________________ she still remembered my name！(astonish；主语从句)答案：④Much to my astonishment　⑤What astonished me most was that3 convince　vt. 使确信；使信服The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.(P18)卓别林的表演是那么有说服力，以至于你会相信这顿饭是他所吃过的最美味的一餐。(1)convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事convince sb.to do sth. 说服某人做某事convince sb. that 使某人确信……(2)convinced adj. 信服的；确信的be convinced of/that ... 确信……(3)convincing adj. 令人信服的即时练3单句语法填空①We were able to convince the students ________ the need for wider reading.②They tried to convince him ________ (support) them.③We ________ (convince) that the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games will be a great success.答案：①of　②to support　③are convinced单句改错④I'm afraid that I can't accept your argument, for you haven't offered enough convinced evidence._________________________________________________________________答案：convinced→convincing单句写作⑤你要使他们相信你有能力做好这项工作。You'll need to ____________________________.答案：convince them that you are able to do the job well 4 particularly　adv.尤其；特别地；特殊地Children particularly would burst into laughter at his behaviour.(P20)尤其是孩子们看到他的表演会大笑。(1)particular adj. 特殊的；特别的；挑剔的be particular about/over sth. 对……讲究/挑剔(2)in particular＝particularly 尤其；特别；格外即时练4单句语法填空①He is a very open­minded man, and won't be particular ________ these small things.②This kind of food is rich in nutrition, and ________ particular it contains a lot of minerals.③We shouldn't look down on others, ________ (particular) the disabled.答案：①about/over　②in　③particularly 1badly off 穷的；缺少的教材原句Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.(P18)不幸的是他的父亲去世了，整个家庭状况更糟了，因此，查理在童年时期就要照顾生病的母亲和弟弟。(1)be well off 境况很好的；富裕的be better off 境况更好的be worse off  更穷的(2)be badly off for ... 缺少……(3)worse and worse 越来越坏；每况愈下go from bad to worse 越来越坏；每况愈下to make matters/things worse＝(and) what is worse＝even worse＝worse still 更糟糕的是即时练1单句写作①我们刚结婚时非常穷，以致房子里只有一间屋子能烧得起暖气。We were so ________________ when we first married that we could afford to heat only one room in the house.②这个学校的确非常缺少图书。The school is really quite ________________ books.③我们希望有所改善，然而事情却每况愈下。We are hoping for an improvement but things have ____________________.④更糟糕的是，我的车在途中出了故障。________________， my car broke down on the way.答案：①badly off　②badly off for　③gone from bad to worse　④To make matters worse 2cut off 切断(水、电、煤气)供应；断绝教材原句Charlie cuts off the leather top of the shoe and shares the shoe with the other fellow.(P18)查理切掉皮鞋上面的部分，和同伴分享这只鞋。(1)cut sb. off 中断(电话通话)；中止关系，与……隔绝cut sth. off 切掉；割掉；阻挡；停止(供给)cut ... off (from  ... ) 切断……的去路；使……与外界隔绝(2)cut out 切去；删掉；停止cut up 切碎；使难过cut down 砍倒；缩减cut in 插嘴cut through 划破，穿透；通过；轻松地解决即时练2用cut相关短语的适当形式填空①The village ____________________ by the heavy snow for more than a month.②She was really __________ when all her friends refused to help her.③When you give a speech, you'd better __________ unimportant details.④Don't __________ while others are speaking.答案：①has been cut off　②cut up　③cut out　④cut in 3pick out 挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解教材原句Then he picks out the lace of the shoe and eats it as if it were spaghetti.(P18)然后他挑出鞋带来吃，像吃意大利面条一样。pick up 拾起；捡起；收拾；整理；(偶然)学会；用车接某人；接收；(情况)改进；好转pick off (瞄准)射击；去除pick one's pocket 扒窃；掏包pick one's way 择路而行；小心看着路行走即时练3写出下列句中pick out的含义①She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.________②There were so many people at the conference that I couldn't pick him out.________③Having read the passage many times, I finally picked out its main idea.________答案：①挑出　②辨别出　③领会；理解写出下列句中pick up的含义④Sally walked onto the platform, picked up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard: “Rule 1: We are family！”________⑤My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.________⑥I am wondering whether you can pick me up at the airport.________⑦Here is a tip I picked up from my mother.________答案：④拾起；捡起　⑤身体好转　⑥用车接某人　⑦(偶然)学会 1As_Victor_Hugo_once_said,_“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”， and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. (P18)翻译维克多·雨果曾经说过：“笑容如阳光，驱走人们脸上的冬天。”关于这一点，直到今天也没有人能比查理·卓别林做得更好。  (1)as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，可放在主句之前、之后或中间，意为“正如；像”。(2)as引导非限制性定语从句的常见搭配：as we all know/as is known to us all 众所周知as often happens 正如经常发生的那样as we expect 正如我们预料的那样as you can see 如你所见as has been said above 如上所述as is often the case 这是常有的事；情况常常如此[名师点津]　在such ... as ... 结构中，as引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语；而such ... that ... 结构中，that引导结果状语从句，在从句中不作任何成分。This is such a difficult question as nobody can work out.这是一个没人能解决的难题。This is such a difficult question that nobody can work it out.这是一个如此难的问题，以至于没人能解决它。即时练1单句语法填空①Her manner and attitudes towards him were quite the same ________ they had always been.答案：as句型转换②This is such an interesting book ________ we all like to read.→This is such an interesting book ________ we all like to read it.答案：as; that单句改错③The air quality in the city, which is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. _________________________________________________________________答案：which→as 2Unfortunately his father died, leaving_the_family_even_worse_off ...(P18)翻译不幸的是他的父亲去世了，整个家庭状况更糟了……leaving ...为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。现在分词作结果状语常表示“预料、情理之中”的结果，而不定式作结果状语常表“出乎意料”的结果，有时为了强调，在不定式前加only。即时练2单句语法填空①A terrible earthquake happened in this country in June, ________ (cause) scores of deaths.②The sunlight is white and bright, ________ (throw) hard­edged shadows on the ground.③They reached the company out of breath only ________ (tell) they were fired.④Her father ran away from home, never ________ (hear) from again.答案：①causing　②throwing　③to be told　④to be heard动词­ing形式作表语、定语和宾补动词­ing形式作表语1．表示主语的内容，可以转换到句首作主语。①Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.→Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.她的工作是尽可能使报告大厅保持干净。2．表示主语的某种性质和特征，这时通常可以看作形容词。②The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题令人十分困惑。动词­ing形式作定语　动词的­ing形式可以单独作定语，也可以构成合成词作定语，但是在更多情况下是分词短语作定语，包括限制性和非限制性(用逗号和其他部分分开)，在意义上相当于一个定语从句。③The baby recognized his mother's smiling face.这个婴儿辨认出了他妈妈微笑的脸。④The lecture, starting at 7：00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.昨晚7点开始的那场讲座之后，是一项用望远镜对月亮的观测。动词­ing形式作宾语补足语　动词­ing形式作宾语补足语时，宾语与分词动作之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。它主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。1．表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe等。⑤Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window.突然我们听到有人正轻轻地敲窗户。2．使役动词，如keep, have, get, leave, catch等。⑥Don't leave the water running all the time.不要让水一直流。⑦I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.我很抱歉让你一直等。即时练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The question ________ (discuss) at present has something important to do with our daily life.答案：being discussed2．The park was full of people, ________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.答案：enjoying3．On the bank of the river, we found him ________ (sit) on a bench, with his eyes ________ (fix) on a kite in the sky.答案：sitting; fixed4．The teacher called Tom to his office because he was caught ________ (cheat) in the exam.答案：cheating5．My favorite cartoon is Tom and Jerry. It's so ________  that we often feel ________  when seeing it.(excite)答案：exciting; excitedⅡ.单句改错1．The words, usually dealt with current work, were mostly written by himself._________________________________________________________________答案：dealt→dealing2．I once found my cell phone missed during my stay in the city._________________________________________________________________答案：missed→missing3．His refusal to help was disappointed._________________________________________________________________答案：disappointed→disappointing4．Please don't keep the machine run while you are away._________________________________________________________________答案：run→running5．He remained play computer games beside the table._________________________________________________________________答案：play→playing基础达标演练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet ________ (point) at another person.答案：pointing2．The music they are playing sounds so ________ (bore)．答案：boring3．All work was produced by the students ________ the direction of John Williams.答案：under4．Just ________  Yeats said, “Education is not the filling of a pail (桶), but the lighting of a fire.”答案：as5．Our government has taken some measures ________ (overcome) the lack of electricity, but it may take some time before we have enough power.答案：to overcome6．This is the most ________ (convince) scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.答案：convincing7．I can remember few occasions ________ he was absent from class in primary school.答案：when8．The snow lasted a week, ________ (result) in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.答案：resulting9．The ________ (content) you are, the less necessary you'll feel to try to increase your income.答案：more content10．At the magic performance, I found it ________ (astonish) that a pigeon appeared out of the magician's empty hand.答案：astonishingⅡ.单句改错1．The sisters whispered each other when they passed this spot._________________________________________________________________答案：whispered后加to2．The play was so humour that the audience laughed all the way through it._________________________________________________________________答案：humour→humorous3．All his efforts ended in a failure, because what he thought was not practical._________________________________________________________________答案：去掉a4．His arguments sound convinced but they're only based on theory._________________________________________________________________答案：convinced→convincing5．So interesting was the film that we all watched it the second time._________________________________________________________________答案：第二个the→aⅢ.教材微写作A．根据提示完成句子1．有时，我们会见到一些失败的人。(failure)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Sometimes, we see some failures.2．他们对生活不满意，从不想去克服困难。(be content with; overcome)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：They are never content with their life and never think of overcoming difficulties.3．他们中有些人很抑郁，不和外界接触。(depressed; cut off)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Some of them are depressed and cut off from the world.4．还有些人穷困潦倒，以致无家可归。(badly off; homeless)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Some are so badly off that they become homeless.5．我们应该使他们相信生活是美好的。(convince)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：We should convince them that life is wonderful.B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范 答案：Sometimes, we see some failures who are never content with their life and never think of overcoming difficulties. Some of them are depressed and cut off from the world. Some are so badly off that they become homeless. We should convince them that life is wonderful.