2021高考英语一轮统考复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Book6Unit3Ahealthylife学案含解析新人教版

Unit 3  A healthy life

基础自主检测

1.否定前缀un­高频形容词一览

①unfit 不合适的

②unfair 不公平的

③unusual 不寻常的

④unfriendly 不友好的

⑤unfortunate 不幸的

⑥uncomfortable 不舒服的

⑦unimportant 不重要的

2.以­en后缀的高频动词集锦

①strengthen 加强

②shorten 缩短

③deepen 加深

④widen 加宽

⑤broaden 扩大；加宽

⑥lighten 减轻

⑦threaten 恐吓

⑧sharpen 削尖

⑨lessen 减少

⑩weaken 削弱

3.以“a­”开头的高频形容词

①ashamed 感到羞愧的

②asleep 睡着的

③awake 醒着的

④alike 相似的

⑤aware 意识到的

⑥alive 活着的

一 动词＋介/副词

1.due to 由于……

2.decide on 对……作出决定

3.feel like (doing) 想要(做)……

4.get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)

二 be＋形容词＋介词/副词

5.(be) addicted to 对……有瘾

6.(be) accustomed to 习惯于……

三 其他

7.in spite of 不顾；不管

8.take risks (a risk) 冒险

1.表“因为，由于……”的短语

①due to 由于；因为

②thanks to 多亏；由于

③because of 由于；因为

④on account of 由于

⑤owing to 由于；因为

⑥as a result of 由于……的结果

2.get into相关短语

①get into debt 负债累累

②get into trouble 陷入困境

③get into shape 健美；减肥；使健康状况良好

_________________________________________________________________

1.It seems＋adj.＋that ... “看起来……”

It_seems_amazing_that (这看起来令人吃惊) at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.(教材P18)

2.find/consider/feel＋it＋宾语补足语

Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding_it_difficult_to_give_it_up (发现很难把它戒掉)．(教材P18)

3.as引导的非限制性定语从句

As_you_know (正如你所知道的), if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.(教材P18)

4.It is time to do ...  “该做……的时间了”

When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it_was_time_to_quit_smoking (是该戒烟的时候了)．(教材P18)

5.“do/does/did＋动词原形”表强调；as ...  as ...  “同……一样……”

I do_hope_so (的确希望如此) because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as_I_have (和我一样活得健康长寿)．(教材P18)

单句语法填空

1.A truly healthy person is someone ________ is healthy in both body and mind.

答案：who

2.This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to ________ (have) nicotine in it.

答案：having

3.It could do terrible damage ________ your heart and lungs.

答案：to

4.Neither ________ I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non­smokers.

答案：did

5.________ I did know was ________ my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.

答案：What; that

6.It is not easy to stop smoking, but millions have managed ________ (quit).

答案：to quit

7.Every time you feel like ________ (smoke) a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non­smoker.

答案：smoking

8.Do some relaxation exercises every time you feel ________ (stress).

答案：stressed

9.HIV will damage your immune system so much ________  your body can no longer fight disease.

答案：that

10.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS ________ a person begins to look sick.

答案：that

考点步步冲关

1 due　adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的；应给的

I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.(P18)

我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。

(1)be due 预定/计划(做)某事

(2)(be) due to 因为；由于

(3)表示“由于；因为”的短语还有：

owing to, thanks to, because of, as a result of, on account of

[名师点津]　(1)due当“预定的，预期的”讲时，构成be due to do sth.，其中to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。

(2)短语be due to表示“因为，由于”，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。

即时练1

写出下列句中due的含义

①The wages due to him will be paid tomorrow.________

②She is due to make a speech on the economy next week.________

③The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books.________

④When it comes to giving due respect to the old people, she feels a bit uneasy.________

答案：①应支付的　②预定的　③到期的　④应有的

单句语法填空

⑤The old man said the accident was due to careless ________ (drive)  so a lot of money was due to ________ (pay) by the driver.

答案：driving; be paid

一句多译

很大程度上是由于天气极冷，我们才无法去植树。

⑥______________， we were unable to plant the trees.

⑦That we were unable to plant the trees ____________________________.

⑧________________________________________ that we were unable to plant the  trees.(强调句型)

答案：⑥Largely due to the extreme cold　⑦was largely due to the extreme cold　⑧It was largely due to the extreme cold

2 addicted　adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的

You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.(P18)

你知道，在青春期时我也吸烟并且还上了瘾。

(1)be/become/get addicted to sth./doing sth.沉溺于……；上瘾……

(2)addict n. 有瘾的人；入迷的人

a video game addict 游戏机迷

(3)addiction n. 嗜好；上瘾；入迷

[名师点津]　不管是形容词addicted还是名词addiction，表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”时，都和介词to连用。

即时练2

单句语法填空

①Learning that you are addicted ________  table tennis, I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school.

②Addicted to ________ (play) the violin, he didn't notice a thief walk into his house.

③I discovered an ________ (addict) to housework which I had never felt before.

答案：①to　②playing　③addiction

句型转换

④Many kids are addicted to surfing the Internet, so they have lost interest in study.

→____________________________， many kids have lost interest in study.

答案：Addicted to surfing the Internet

3 effect　n．结果；影响；效力

When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful effects of smoking.(P18)

在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多。

(1)have an effect on 对……有效；对……产生影响

put/bring sth. into effect 实施；实行；使生效

come into effect/take effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施

be of no effect  没有效果的；没有影响的

side effect  副作用

(2)effective adj. 有效的；起作用的

即时练3

单句语法填空

①Reading books of traditional culture can have a good effect ________ the children.

②We must spare no effort to put the changes ________ effect.

③One of the most ________ (effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.

答案：①on　②into　③effective

单句写作

④两家公司在上周签订的这份协议将很快生效。

The agreement signed between the two companies last week __________________.

⑤这种止痛药服用很小的剂量依然能产生副作用。

A much lower dose of the painkiller can still produce ________________.

答案：④will come into effect/take effect soon　⑤side effect

4 ashamed　adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的

If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.(P19)

如果你因意志薄弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得惭愧。

(1)be/feel ashamed of 因……感到惭愧

be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事

……真让人遗憾

 真可惜！

(3)shameful adj. (行为)可耻的

[名师点津]　在“It's a shame/pity that  ...”句型中，从句的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”形式，构成一种虚拟语气。

即时练4

单句语法填空

①John felt ________ (shame) after he was teased by some kids.

②It is ________ (shame) to break school rules.

答案：①ashamed　②shameful

单句写作

③读了上面来自那么多母亲们的抱怨，我感到惭愧与内疚。

Having read  the above common complaints from so many mothers, I ________________________.

④真遗憾一个好学生竟然会做出那样的事。

It's a shame/pity that a good student ________________________.

答案：③felt ashamed and guilty　④should do something like that

一句多译

在课堂上，学生们不应该羞于向老师发问。

⑤In class, students should not ____________________________________.

⑥In class, students should not ____________________________________.

答案：⑤be ashamed of asking the teacher questions　⑥be ashamed to ask the teacher questions

(1)get/become accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表动作)

(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于

accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事

即时练1

单句语法填空

①________ (accustom) to climbing the steep mountains, Kevin had no difficulty reaching the top.

②I accustom myself to ________ (drink) a cup of hot tea every evening in the cold winter, which makes me feel relaxed.

答案：①Accustomed　②drinking

单句写作——句式升级

③习惯了在农村居住，这个老人觉得很难适应城市的生活。

a．普通表达：

The old man ____________________ living in the countryside, so he finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.

b．高级表达：

______________________ living in the countryside, the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.(过去分词作状语)

c．高级表达：

______________________ living in the countryside, the old man finds it hard to adapt to the life in the city.(现在分词作状语)

答案：a.is accustomed to　b．Accustomed to　c．Having accustomed himself to

despite 不管；尽管；任凭

regardless of 不管，不顾

[名师点津]　despite用作介词时，与in spite of同义，后面都接名词性成分(如名词、动名词、名词性从句)，两者常可换用。in spite of为普通用语，despite多用于书面语言，且不与of连用。但两者皆可用于in spite of/despite the fact that ... 结构。

即时练2

句型转换

We went out in spite of the heavy rain

→We went out ________ the heavy rain.

→We went out __________________ it rained heavily.

答案：despite; in spite of/despite the fact that

get across (使)被理解；(使)通过

get along/on with 相处(融洽)；进展

get away 逃脱；离开

get over 克服；从(疾病中)康复过来

get through 通过；用完；接通电话

get down to 开始做

get into debt 负债累累

get into trouble 陷入困境

get into the habit of ... 养成……的习惯

即时练3

用get相关短语的适当形式填空

①Many homeless people ________________ the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive.

②After Christmas I'm going to ________________  job­hunting.

③How can I ________ it ________ to you how important this is?

④As an outgoing girl, I ________ well ________ my classmates.

⑤If you continue spending money like this, you'll ____________ debt.

答案：①get into　②get down to　③get; across　④get along/on; with　⑤get into

It's time to do sth. 到了做……的时间了

It's time for sth. 到了……的时间了

It's (high/about) time that sb. did/should do ... 到了某人做……的时间了

It/This/That is/was the first/second ... time that sb. have/had done sth.

这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事

即时练

单句语法填空

①We have talked for decades about the energy problem; it is time ________ (solve) it.

②It was the third time in three weeks that such ugly scenes ________ (witness)．

③It is high time that timely and effective measures   ________ (take) to deal with the worsening situation.

④He is already 70 years of age. It's time for him ________ (consider) his retirement.

答案：①to solve　②had been witnessed　③should be taken/were taken　④to consider

it的用法(Ⅰ)

it作人称代词

1．it的最基本的用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复。

①Xi'an is a beautiful city, isn't it?

西安是一座美丽的城市，不是吗？

2．it也可以指动物或婴儿(有时也可指未知性别的人)。

②The baby cried because it was hungry.

这个婴儿哭是因为饿了。

it作非人称代词

it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度和环境等，称为非人称代词。

③It is a long way to the factory.

到这家工厂有很长一段路。

it作形式主语

it替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句首，而把真正的主语置于句尾。

1．代替不定式作主语

(1)It be＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.

(此处的adj.多为描述事件的形容词)

④It is illegal for a teenager to drive a car without a license.

青少年无照驾驶是违法的。

(2)It be＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.

(此处adj.多为描述人的形容词)

⑤It's kind of you to help me with the problem.

你帮助我解决这个问题，真是太好了。

2．代替动名词作主语

常见句型为：

It is no good/use doing ... 　做……是没有好处/没用的

It's worthwhile doing ... 　做……是值得的

It's useless doing ... 　做……是没用的

⑥It's no use crying over spilt milk.

覆水难收。

3．代替主语从句作主语

(1)It is＋adj.＋that从句

此句型中常见的形容词为：clear, obvious, true, likely, possible, certain等。

⑦It's very clear that he made a mistake.

很明显他犯错了。

(2)It is＋v.ed＋that从句

＝sb./sth. is＋v.ed＋to do

此句型中常见的过去分词为：said, reported, learned, believed, thought, known, told, hoped等。

⑧It is said that he has gone to Beijing.

→He is said to have gone to Beijing.

据说他已经去北京了。

(3)It is＋n.＋that从句

此句型中常见名词为：a pity, a shame, an honour, a good thing, a fact, a surprise等。

[重点提示]　

此句型中，that后从句常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，表示出乎意料。若无此意义时，则无需用虚拟语气。

It's a pity that such a thing should happen  in your class.

很遗憾，那样的事竟然发生在你们班。

It's a pity that he is  ill.

很遗憾，他生病了。

it作形式宾语

当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时，往往把宾语置于宾补之后，用it作形式宾语。此句型中常见动词有：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。

⑨I think it no use arguing with them.

我认为和他们辩论没用。

⑩He made it clear that he was not interested in the subject.

他明确表示他对这个学科不感兴趣。

[重点提示]　

有些动词如：like, appreciate, see to, dislike, hate等不能直接接宾语从句，需先用it作形式宾语，再接一个宾语从句。

即时练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．I hate ________ when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.

答案：it

2．Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around ________.

答案：it

3．—Who's that at the door?

—________ is the milkman.

答案：It

4．________is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio­economic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system.

答案：It

5．________ was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.

答案：It

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．Susan made that clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：第一个that→it

2．Why don't you bring this to his attention that you're too ill to work on?

_________________________________________________________________

答案：this→it

3．Will you see to that my children are taken good care of while I am away?

_________________________________________________________________

答案：that前加it

4．New technologies have made this possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：this→it

5．I find hard for you to do the task on your own.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：find后加it

基础达标演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．________ (addict) to computer games can be harmful to you in many ways.

答案：Being addicted

2．A regular and busy life is wonderful, although it's hard and ________ (stress)．

答案：stressful

3．It's reported that passengers are banned ________ eating and drinking on subway trains.

答案：from

4．Professor Smith is due ________ (give) us a lecture at eight tomorrow morning.

答案：to give

5．After living there for one year, they have been accustomed to ________ (work) there.

答案：working

6．I was once ashamed  ________ (admit) my weaknesses, but now I have no such feeling.

答案：to admit

7．Keeping a diary in English is one of the   ________ (effect) ways to improve our English.

答案：effective

8．People think the earth doesn't move at all, but in fact, it ________ (do) move.

答案：does

9．Doing some exercise earlier in the day  should  make you feel physically as well as ________ (mental) tired.

答案：mentally

10．Just quit ________ (complain).  What matters now is how to get rid of such an embarrassing situation.

答案：complaining

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．Fathers have an enormous effect to their children's personalities.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：to→on

2．If a person is in the desert and has no water with him, he will get desperately.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：desperately→desperate

3．Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those toughly times.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：toughly→tough

4．Accustomed to get up early, it was not difficult for him to adjust to the new schedule.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：get→getting

5．No matter where he is, he makes a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.

_________________________________________________________________

答案：makes后加it

Ⅲ.教材微写作

A．根据提示完成句子

1．为了缓解精神压力，许多人，甚至是青少年，养成了吸烟的习惯。(relieve; adolescent)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

答案：In order to relieve mental stress, many people, even adolescents, get into the habit of smoking.

2．众所周知，吸烟对健康有害。很多人由于吸烟死于肺癌、心脏病。(due to)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

答案：It is well known that smoking does harm to health. A lot of people die of lung cancer and heart disease due to smoking.

3．更糟糕的是，吸烟对周围的人也有影响，对环境造成污染。(have an effect on)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

答案：What's worse, smoking has an effect on the people around the smokers and pollutes the environment.

4．由于香烟价格不菲，吸烟会浪费很多钱，并可能引起火灾。(waste)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

答案：Smoking will waste much money because cigarettes are expensive. It can also cause fire.

5．政府有必要采取有效措施禁烟，让吸烟违法，以便吸烟者决定戒烟。(necessary; quit smoking)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

答案：It is necessary for the government to take effective measures to ban smoking and make smoking illegal, so that smokers will decide to quit smoking.

B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范

答案：In order to relieve mental stress, many people, even adolescents, get into the habit of smoking. It is well known that smoking does harm to health. A lot of people die of lung cancer and heart disease due to smoking. What's worse, smoking has an effect on the people around the smokers and pollutes the environment. Smoking will waste much money because cigarettes are expensive. It can also cause fire. It is necessary for the government to take effective measures to ban smoking and make smoking illegal, so that smokers will decide to quit smoking.