2021高考英语一轮统考复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Book8Unit4Pygmalion学案含解析新人教版

Unit 4  Pygmalion

基础自主检测

1.含mis­前缀的动词

①mistake 误会

②misunderstand 误解

③misuse 误用；滥用

④mislead 误导

⑤misprint 印错

⑥mistrust 不信任

2.以“­ian”结尾且表示职业的名词

①musician 音乐家

②physician 内科医生

③magician 魔术师

④politician 政治家；政客

⑤librarian 图书管理员

⑥mathematician 数学家

3.“名词＋­en”构成的形容词

①wool→woollen 毛纺的；纯毛的

②lead→leaden 铅的

③earth→earthen 泥土做的

④wood→wooden 木制的

⑤silk→silken 丝制的

⑥wheat→wheaten 小麦制的

一 动词＋介/副词

1.pass ... off as ...  (把某人)改变或冒充成……

2.show ... in 带或领……进来

3.fade out (声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡

二 动词/介词＋宾语

4.in disguise 伪装(的)；假扮(的)

5.make one's acquaintance 结识；与……相见

6.in amazement 震惊；惊讶

7.in terms of ... 就……来说；从……角度

8.in need of 需要……

三 其他

9.generally speaking 一般来说

10.once more 再一次

11.be superior to ...  优于……

12.the other day 前几天

13.a handful of 一把；几个

14.fancy oneself 自以为是

15.shelter from the rain 避雨

1.“in＋n.”构成的短语

①in disguise 伪装(的)；假扮(的)

②in nature 本质上

③in stock 有现货的；备有现货

④in force 有效；大规模地

⑤in shape 处于良好状态

⑥in amazement 震惊；惊讶

2.“adv.＋speaking”短语

①generally speaking 一般来说

②honestly speaking 诚实地说

③frankly speaking 坦率地说

④exactly speaking 确切地说

⑤strictly speaking 严格地说

⑥personally speaking 就个人而言

3.“be＋adj.＋to”结构

①be superior to 比……优越

②be senior to ...  比……年长/资历深

③be junior to ...  比……年轻/资历浅

④be inferior to ...  次于……；不如……

⑤be similar to 与……相似

⑥be familiar to 为……所熟悉

________________________________________________

1.“while/when＋现在分词”的省略结构作时间状语

While_watching (一边看), he makes notes.(教材P29)

2.“be of＋抽象名词”表示具有(某种特征或属性)的

Will that be_of_any_use (有用处) to you？(教材P29)

3.what if句式，“如果……又怎么样呢”

What_if_I_was (如果我是又怎么样呢)？(教材P29)

4.every time 引导时间状语从句，“每当……的时候”

But they betray themselves every_time_they_open_their_mouths (每当张嘴的时候)．(教材P29)

5.“once＋过去分词”的省略结构

But, sir, (proudly) once_educated (一旦被教育) to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party. (教材P30)

6.形容词(短语)作状语

Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep_in_conversation (深入地交谈)．(教材P34)

7.“if＋had done, ... would have done”结构表示对过去的虚拟

I'd_never_have_come_if_I'd_known_about (如果我知道……我是不会来的) this disgusting thing you want me to do ... (教材P35)

单句语法填空

1.This play was also made into a film ________ (call) My Fair Lady.

答案：called

2.A man is hiding from the rain ________ (listen) to people's language and watching their reactions.

答案：listening

3.I thought maybe you was a policeman ________ disguise.

答案：in

4.You can place a man ________ just a few remarks.

答案：by

5.Perhaps I could even find her a place as a lady's maid or a shop assistant, ________ requires better English.

答案：which

6.And I came to England to ________ your acquaintance！

答案：make

7.I'll show you ________ I make records on wax disks.

答案：how

8.I'll say you're the greatest teacher alive if you can pass her off ________ a lady.

答案：as

9.It'll be how to teach her grammar, not just pronunciation. She is in need ________ both.

答案：of

10.How about ________ (begin) with the alphabet？

答案：beginning

考点步步冲关

1 hesitate　vi.犹豫；踌躇

A gentleman (G) passes and hesitates for a moment. (P29)

这时有位先生从这儿路过，他迟疑了片刻。

(1)hesitate to do sth. 对做某事感到犹豫不决；迟疑做某事

don't hesitate to do sth. 尽管做某事

hesitate about/over (doing) sth.(做)某事犹豫不决

(2)hesitation n. 踌躇；犹豫

without hesitation 毫不犹豫

即时练1

单句语法填空

①She was still hesitating ________ whether to accept the invitation.

②She hesitated ________ (spend) so much money on such a dress.

③She picked up her handbag, ________ (hesitate) and almost made it to the door.

④He stopped at the turning fork, ________ (hesitate) about which way to go.

⑤Without any ________ (hesitate), he jumped into the river to save the drowning young woman.

答案：①about/over　②to spend　③hesitated　④hesitating　⑤hesitation

一句多译

每当朋友遇到困难时，他都会义不容辞地给予帮助，不要求回报。

⑥Whenever his friends have some troubles, he ______________________ and require no rewards. (介词短语)

⑦Whenever his friends have some troubles, he ____________________ and require no rewards. (hesitate to)

答案：⑥will help them without hesitation　⑦will never hesitate to help them

2 remark　n．评论；言论；评述　

v. 谈论；评论；说起

You can place a man by just a few remarks.(P29)

你可以根据几句话判定(对方)是哪个地方的人。

(1)make a/no remark on/about 对……发表评论/不予评论

exchange a few remarks 交换意见

(2)remark on/upon 对……发表评论；谈论

remark that ...  评论……

(3)remarkable adj. 显著的；引起注意的

be remarkable for ... 因……而引人注意；以……著称

(4)remarkably adv. 引人注目地；明显地

即时练2

单句语法填空

①She showed ________ (remark) courage when she heard the bad news.

②My life improved ________ (remark) when I discovered art.

答案：①remarkable　②remarkably

一句多译

对别人的相貌评头论足是没有礼貌的。

③It's impolite to ________________ the appearance of others. (remark n．)

④It's impolite to ________________ the appearance of others. (remark v．)

答案：③make a remark on　④remark on/upon

3 betray　vt.泄露(秘密)；出卖；背叛；显露出(本来面目)

But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths.(P29)

但他们一张嘴就会露出马脚(暴露自己的身份)。betray ... to ...  将……出卖/泄露给……

betray a secret to sb. 向某人泄露秘密

betray one's trust 辜负某人的信任

betray oneself 显露本来面目；原形毕露

即时练3

单句语法填空

①He had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he betrayed ________ (he)．

②The stealer was sick of this life. Finally, he betrayed the fact ________ the police.

③Feeling ________ (betray) by friends, the heartbroken boy was sitting there sorrowfully.

④________ (betray) by your best friend is an extremely painful thing.

答案：①himself　②to　③betrayed　④Being betrayed

4 acquaintance　n．相识；了解；熟人

And I came to England to make your acquaintance！(P30)

我也正是到英国来找你的！

(1)结识某人；与某人相见

(2)have an/some acquaintance with 对……有一定了解

have no acquaintance with 不熟悉，不了解

(3)acquaint v. 使熟悉，使了解

be acquainted with 熟悉……；认识/了解……

即时练4

单句语法填空

①I have heard about your friend but I am not acquainted ________ him.

②I am delighted and honoured to make your ________ (acquaint), Ms Baker.

答案：①with　②acquaintance

一句多译

我是在玛丽的聚会上初次与他相识的，自此我们成了好朋友。

③It was at Mary's party that I ____________________， and since then we became good friends. (acquaintance)

④It was at Mary's party that I ____________________， and since then we became good friends. (acquaint)

答案：③first made his acquaintance　④was first acquainted with him

5 fortune　n．财产；运气；机会；大笔的钱

Well, I never. A whole pound! A fortune! (P30)

啊，我从来没有见过。整整一英镑呢！一笔财富呀！

(1)seek one's fortune 找发财机会；寻找出路

make a fortune 发财；赚大钱

try one's fortune 碰运气

tell sb.'s fortune 给某人算命

(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的(＝lucky)

be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事

(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地(＝luckily)

unfortunately adv. 不幸地(＝unluckily)

[名师点津]　fortune作“机遇，运气，命运”讲时，为不可数名词；作“大笔的钱，财富”讲时，为可数名词。

即时练5

单句语法填空

①She was fortunate enough ________ (find) a job as soon as she graduated from the university.

②It was ________ (fortune) to escape from being injured in the accident.

③I was late, but ________ (fortunate) the meeting hadn't started.

④__________ (fortune), he was caught in the traffic jam and late for the meeting.

答案：①to find　②fortunate　③fortunately　④Unfortunately

单句写作——词汇升级

⑤现在在我们社会中，有很多年轻人梦想不通过努力工作就可发大财。

a．普通表达：

Now there are many young people in our society dreaming of _______________ without hard work.

b．高级表达：

Now there are many young people in our society dreaming of ________________ without hard work.

答案：a.making a lot of money　b．making a fortune

come to terms with 达成协议；和好；接受；适应

be on good/bad terms with 与……关系良好/不好

in the long/short term/run 就长远/短期而言

即时练1

单句写作

①就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但也有一些不足之处。

The job is great ______________ salary, but it has its disadvantages.

②这个国家很穷，它不得不与邻国和解。

The country is very poor and it has to ______________ the neighbouring countries.

③我们与所有的邻居关系都好。

__________________ all our neighbours.

④学习并不总是那么简单，但从长远看它总是有益的。

Learning is not always easy, but it is always beneficial ______________.

答案：①in terms of　②come to terms with　③We're on good terms with　④in the long term

(1)show sb. out 领某人出去

show sb. around/round 领某人参观某地

show off 炫耀；显示

show up 出现；露面

(2)on show/display 在展出

for show 为了装门面；为了炫耀

即时练2

单句语法填空

①The moment we arrived, the host showed us ________.

②When the interview was finished, I was shown ________.

③You are coming to Hangzhou this weekend. I'll be very glad to show you ________ our beautiful city then.

④He promised to attend the meeting, but he hasn't showed ________ yet.

⑤She likes to show ________ how well she speaks French.

答案：①in　②out　③around/round　④up　⑤off

此处be of any use相当于be useful。

(1)介词of后面接表抽象意义的名词，如：value, use, help, importance, significance等，相当于该名词相对应的形容词。该名词前面可以用表程度的词加以修饰，如：little, no, great, much, some等。

(2)介词of后面还可接一些表示人或物的属性的名词，如：size, color, height, length, age, shape, quality等，用来描述人或事物的属性，在句中作表语或后置定语。

即时练1

句型转换

①The dictionary will ______________ to middle school students.

→The dictionary will be very valuable to middle school students.

②The two rooms are the same in size.

→The two rooms are ______________.

③The Nobel Prize is ______________ Chinese literature.

→The Nobel Prize is of great importance to Chinese literature.

答案：①be of great value　②of the same size　③very important to

What if ...？常用来提出假设、建议、邀请、要求等，意为“倘若……将会怎样？”“如果……将会怎样？”。后面经常跟一般现在时，有时根据语境也可以跟虚拟语气。

相似句型：

How come ...? 怎么会这样？/怎么搞的？

How/What about ...? ……怎么样？

What for? 为什么目的？/为何理由？

So what? 那又怎样？

Why not do ...? 为什么不做……？

即时练2

单句写作

①火车要是晚点会怎么样呢？

____________ the train is late?

②既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法语怎么还会这样糟糕？

If she spent five years in Paris, ____________ her French is so bad?

③——他比你小十五岁。

——那又怎么样？

—He is fifteen years younger than you.

—______________？

④为什么不和我们一起踢足球呢？

____________ play soccer with us?

⑤今晚我们去看电影怎么样？

________________our going to the cinema tonight?

答案：①What if　②how come　③So what　④Why not

⑤What/How about

过去分词作状语

过去分词在句中一般能作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随和方式状语，相当于各类状语从句，一般表示被动的动作，也表示动作已经完成，具体情况如下：

1．时间状语

①Seen from the hill, the park looks even more beautiful.

→When (the park is) seen from the hill, it looks even more beautiful.

从山上看，这个公园更美丽了。

2．原因状语

②Greatly touched by the teacher's words, the boy devoted all his time to study.

→Because (the boy was) greatly touched by the teacher's words, he devoted all his time to study.

这个男孩被老师的话深深感动了，他全身心地投入到学习中。

3．条件状语

③Given more time, we could do it much better.

→If (we were) given more time, we could do it much better.

如果给我们更多时间，我们能做得更好。

4．让步状语

④Left at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.

→Although (he was) left at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.

尽管约翰被留在家里，他一点也不害怕。

5．方式、伴随状语

⑤The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of students.

→The teacher entered the classroom, and (he was) followed by a group of students.

这个老师进入教室，后面跟着一群学生。

[重点提示]　

(1)选择现在分词还是过去分词作状语，关键是看主句的主语与分词表示动作之间的关系。如果分词的动作由主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，如果二者之间是被动关系，则用过去分词。

Used for a long time, the book looks old.

这本书用了很长一段时间了，看起来很旧。

Seeing this, some of us became worried.

看到这种情况，我们有些人着急起来。

(2)连词＋分词/分词短语

有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在分词前加连词，连词有：when, while, if,  unless, once等，但分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。

While waiting there, he saw two students coming out of the building.

当他在那等的时候，他看见两个学生从楼里出来了。

When asked the secret of his success, he owed it to his wife and children.

当被问到他成功的秘诀时，他把这归功于他的妻子和孩子们。

即时练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．________ (view) from a distance, the island looked like a cloud.

答案：Viewed

2．________ (give) the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.

答案：Given

3．Once ________ (publish), the novel will be very popular.

答案：published

4．________ (surprise) at my reaction, she tried to comfort me.

答案：Surprised

5．(2018·北京高考)Ordinary soap, ________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.

答案：used

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．The computer center, opening last year, is very popular among the students in this school.

________________________________________________

答案：opening→opened

2．When being completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.

________________________________________________

答案：去掉being

3．Suffered such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

________________________________________________

答案：Suffered→Having suffered

4．Astonishing at the amount of work in the new timetable, she decided to leave her job immediately.

________________________________________________

答案：Astonishing→Astonished

5．Ordering over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.

________________________________________________

答案：Ordering→Ordered

基础达标演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Tom arrived at school late again, which made him feel awkward and ________ (comfort)．

答案：uncomfortable

2．Generally ________ (speak), youths of eighteen are too young for such work.

答案：speaking

3．The well­dressed lady is reported to ________ (rob) of her purse yesterday.

答案：have been robbed

4．This model is technically superior ________ its competitors. Therefore, it is well received.

答案：to

5．Della walked towards the closed window. ________ (hesitate) for a few minutes, she finally opened it.

答案：Having hesitated

6．What you said has led to the ________ (mistake) belief that smoking is not harmful.

答案：mistaken

7．The school makes it clear that essays from online should not be passed off ________ being written by the students.

答案：as

8．While ________ (listen) to the radio, she fell asleep.

答案：listening

9．________ (absorb) in the book, he didn't notice me enter the room.

答案：Absorbed

10．The news that he ________ (betray) state secrets for years is made known to the public.

答案：has been betraying

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．It is surprising that the headmaster of the school should be found guilty and condemned for ten years in jail.

________________________________________________

答案：for→to

2．He and his wife are of the mind. They both want their son to go to college.

________________________________________________

答案：the→one/same

3．The rich man said to the young, “You should work hard in the outside world to make fortune.”

________________________________________________

答案：make后加a

4．I made an apology that I had taken your umbrella by mistaken.

________________________________________________

答案：mistaken→mistake

5．His understanding of the new skill is superior to those of his old companions.

________________________________________________

答案：those→that

Ⅲ.教材微写作

A．根据提示完成句子

1．上大学的时候，我读了一个高级教授改编的剧本。(adapt)

________________________________________________

________________________________________________

答案：When at college, I read a play adapted by a superior professor.

2．我有个问题想请教他，但犹豫不决。(hesitate)

________________________________________________

________________________________________________

答案：I had a question and wanted to consult him, but I hesitated.

3．原因是我怕我会出错，也怕他看不起我这样穷酸的学生。(overlook)

________________________________________________

________________________________________________

答案：The reason was that I was afraid that I might be mistaken and that he would overlook such a shabby student like me.

4．但我的同学告诉我他非同寻常，而且很容易相处。(extraordinary)

________________________________________________

________________________________________________

答案：But my classmates told me that he was extraordinary and was easy to get along with.

5．我鼓起勇气去见他。让我非常高兴的是，很快我们就像熟人一样进行了交谈。(acquaintance)

________________________________________________

________________________________________________

答案：I gathered my courage to visit him. Much to my delight, it was not long before we talked as if we had been acquaintances.

6．从他身上我不仅学到了很多戏剧知识，而且学会了如何创作戏剧。(not only ... but also ...)

________________________________________________

________________________________________________

答案：Not only did I learn much knowledge about the play from him, but I also learned how to create one.

B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范

答案：When at college, I read a play adapted by a superior professor. I had a question and wanted to consult him, but I hesitated. The reason was that I was afraid that I might be mistaken and that he would overlook such a shabby student like me. But my classmates told me that he was extraordinary and was easy to get along with. Thus, I gathered my courage to visit him. Much to my delight, it was not long before we talked as if we had been acquaintances. Not only did I learn much knowledge about the play from him, but I also learned how to create one.