2021高考英语一轮统考复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Book2Unit3Computers学案含解析新人教版

Unit 3  Computers

基础自主检测

1.以后缀­ify结尾的动词荟萃

①simplify 简化

②beautify 美化

③purify 净化

④identify 鉴定；识别出

⑤classify 分类

⑥horrify 使恐惧

⑦modify 修改；修饰

⑧electrify 使电气化

2.后缀­ology高频名词一览

①technology 科技

②biology 生物学

③ecology 生态学

④geology 地质学

⑤psychology 心理学

⑥physiology 生理学

3.ABC式过去式、过去分词变化

①arise→arose→arisen

②drive→drove→driven

③ride→rode→ridden

④rise→rose→risen

⑤write→wrote→written

4.“互联网”家族

①download vt. 下载

②upload vt. 上传

③click vt. 点击

④connect vt. 连接

⑤surf vi.& vt. 浏览

⑥network n. 网络

⑦database n. 数据库；资料库

一 动词＋介/副词

1.deal with 处理；安排；对付

2.watch over 看守；监视；照管

3.make up 弥补；编造；打扮；构成

二 介词＋名词

4.as a result 结果

5.in a way 在某种程度上

6.with the help of 在……的帮助下

三 其他

7.have sth. in common  有共同之处

8.from ...  on 从……时起

9.after all 毕竟；终究

make相关短语面面观

①make up 弥补；构成；编造；化妆

②make believe 假装

③make for 走向，前往，向……前进；有利于

④make out 填写；开支票；理解；辨认

⑤make towards 向……前进

⑥make it 就这么定了，成功，达到某一特定目标

⑦make sense 讲得通；有意义

⑧make clear 澄清；弄清楚；说明

1.before “……之后才……”，引导时间状语从句

I developed very slowly and  it took nearly two hundred years before (差不多过了两百年才) I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.(教材P18)

2.as “随着”，引导时间状语从句

 As time went by (随着时间的推移), I was made smaller.(教材P18)

3.so ... that ... “如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句

Over time my memory has developed so much that (如此快以至于), like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told！(教材P18)

4.It is＋adj.＋to do sth.“做某事是……的”

I think it's impossible to live (无法生活) without computers！(教材P19)

5.by the time ... “到……为止”

 By the time I was sixteen (在我满十六岁时)，my dream had come true.(教材P20)

6.what引导表语从句

After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I'm all about (我的一切)！(教材P23)

单句语法填空

1.From then on, I grew          (rapid) both in size and in brainpower.

答案：rapidly

2.By the 1940s I          (grow) as large as a room, and I wondered          I would grow any larger.

答案：had grown; if

3.And my memory became          large that even I couldn't believe it！

答案：so

4.But I was always so lonely          (stand) there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family          (connect) by a network.

答案：standing; connected

5.Since the 1970s, many new applications          (find) for me.

答案：have been found

6.I have also been put into robots and used          (make) mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.

答案：to make

7.Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans          a life of high quality.

答案：with

8.We are determined          (create) an even better system.

答案：to create

9.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while          (watch) human games.

答案：watching

10.Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation          (arise).

答案：arises

考点步步冲关

1 solve　vt.解决；解答

In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem.(P18)

在1936年，我真正的父亲艾伦·图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何数学难题。

(1)solve a problem 解决一个问题

(2)solution n. 解决办法；处理手段

a/the solution to sth. ……的解决方法

即时练1

单句语法填空

①With most of the problems          (solve), I felt a great weight taken off my mind.

②It may take a long time to find a          (solve) to the problem.

答案：①solved　②solution

单句写作

③为了解决这个问题，我和我的朋友一心要给学校提些建议。

                        ， I, together with my friends, am bent on giving some suggestions to our school.

答案：In order to solve the problem

2 totally　adv. 完全地；整个地

As a result I totally changed my shape.(P18)

因此，我已经完全改变了形状。

total adj.总的；整个的　n．总数；合计　v．总计；共计

a total of 总共……

in total (＝in all) 总计；总共

即时练2

单句语法填空

①You got 47 points on the written examination and 18 on the oral, making a total          65.

②         total, 25% of India's working­age population has no education.

③They came from          (total) different cultures.

答案：①of　②In　③totally

3 arise　vi.出现；发生；(由……)引起；起身；起床

Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.(P23)

然后她把我在新情况下能用得上的可靠动作准备好。

(1)arise表示“出现；发生”之意时，其主语多为problem, argument, quarrel, danger, movement, question等抽象名词，多指不好的事情发生或出现。

(2)arise from/out of由……而引起；由……而产生

[一言辨异]　One of the problems arising from the present economic situation is that the price is rising sharply, of course, partly because some illegal businessmen raise it on purpose, which has aroused some objections.

当前经济形势产生的问题之一是价格迅速上涨，当然，部分原因是一些不法商贩故意提高价格；这种现象已经引起了一些反对之声。

即时练3

写出下列句中arise的含义

①Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.        

②Mistakes often arise from carelessness.       

③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.       

④Seeing their teacher come into the classroom, all the students arose from the chairs.       

答案：①出现；产生　②由……引起　③起床　④起身

单句语法填空

⑤A new difficulty has          (arise)．

⑥Problems arise          the lack of communication.

答案：⑤arisen　⑥from/out of

as a result表示“结果；因此”，引出结果，在句中充当状语

as a result of表示“作为……的结果；由于”，引出原因，是介词短语

result from由……造成；因……而产生

result in导致

即时练1

一句多译

普遍认为他是因为过度劳累而得了疾病。

①It's generally believed that his illness                the overwork.

②It's generally believed that the overwork              his illness.

③It's generally believed that he suffered from illness                    the overwork.

答案：①resulted from　②resulted in　③as a result of

all the way一路上；自始至终；完全

by the way   顺便问一下

by way of    经由；通过……方法

in this way    用这种方式；通过这种方式

in no way   决不

in the way   挡道；碍事

No way!    [俚]别想！没门！

[名师点津]　(1)表达“在某种程度上”时，还可用in a sense, to a/some degree及to an/some extent三个短语。

(2)in no way置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。

即时练2

用way相关短语的适当形式填空

①              ， he has made great progress this term.

②Her social life got                  of her studies.

③He decided that he would drive                home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.

④                ， I found that book you were looking for.

⑤All the goods were transported                the Netherlands.

⑥Only                  can we grow up to be independent and become truly successful.

⑦               should you lose heart when you are faced with difficulties.

答案：①In a way　②in the way　③all the way　④By the way　⑤by way of　⑥in this way　⑦In no way

do with sth.处理某事

deal in sth.做……生意；经营；买卖；对某事感兴趣

make a deal 达成协议；做成交易

It's a deal! 成交/一言为定！

[名师点津]　(1)deal with意为“处理；对待；对付；涉及；与……交易”等众多含义，其中的deal为不及物动词，常与疑问副词how连用。

(2)在do with短语中，do为及物动词，表示“处理、对待”，要与疑问代词what连用。

即时练3

写出下列句中deal with的含义

①There are too many difficulties for us to deal with.       

②He has learnt to deal properly with all kinds of complicated situations.       

③It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics.       

④They have learnt to deal with various persons.       

答案：①处理　②应付　③涉及　④与……打交道

单句语法填空

⑤I've dealt          this company for 20 years.

⑥If you'll knock down the price by another 5 dollars, it's          deal.

答案：⑤with　⑥a

句型转换

⑦I don't know how they will deal with the problem.

→I don't know          they will do with the problem.

答案：what

(1)as是连词，在该句中引导时间状语从句。

(2)with是介词，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构，如：with time going by “随着时间的流逝”。

即时练1

单句语法填空

①As we grow          (old), we get wiser.

②With winter          (come) on, it is getting colder and colder day by day.

答案：①older　②coming

一句多译

随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。

③                     ， I gradually adapted myself to the school life. (as)

④                             ， I gradually adapted myself to the school life. (with)

答案：③As time went by　④With time going by

so/such ... that 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。

(1)so ... that ... 句型的常见形式：

(2)such ... that ... 句型的基本结构：

(3)当so ... /such ... 放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。

即时练2

单句语法填空

①At that time I loved basketball          much that I played all day long.

②Dalian is          an attractive place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.

③It is          lovely weather that we all want to go out for a walk.

答案：①so　②such　③such

单句写作——句式升级

④我们做得那么好以至于被邀请与全校同学分享观点和经验。

a．普通表达：

We did                  we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.

b．高级表达：

                         we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.(倒装句)

答案：a.so well that　b．So well did we do that

现在完成时的被动语态

结构

用法

1．表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。

①Jack's boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.

→Jack has always been praised by his boss for his devotion to work.

杰克时常因为尽职于工作而受到老板的表扬。

2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。

②They have built many houses in the village in the past few years.

→Many houses have been built in the village in the past few years.

过去几年，他们在这个村庄建造了许多的房子。

即时练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Shakespeare's play Hamlet          (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.

答案：has been made

2．Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain,          (remove) due to mobile phones.

答案：have been removed

3．Paper money          (use) for over a thousand years.

答案：has been used

4．Recently, many cities in the world          (build) along the river.

答案：have been built

5．They          (not tell) the news that our team won the game, have they?

答案：haven't been told

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．A personal computer has bought by my parents.

答案：has后加been

2．High quality of oil have been used for cooking in the restaurant in the past few years.

答案：have→has

3．These patients have been taken good care since they moved to the hospital.

答案：care后加of

4．Much has been said but little has done about the issue.

答案：done前加been

5．Many high­rise flats have built in my hometown in recent years.

答案：built 前加been

基础达标演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．If you are not          (total) satisfied, return it at our expense.

答案：totally

2．I saw a person          (signal) for help by the shore.

答案：signaling

3．With many problems          (arise), he didn't know what to do next.

答案：arising

4．         (person) speaking, I am satisfied with all the work you have done.

答案：Personally

5．Money does not always bring          (happy), but without it people often can't live well.

答案：happiness

6．This question is too difficult for the children. I think we'd better find a way to          (simple) it.

答案：simplify

7．After graduating from the college, he made an          (apply) to the school for a job as a teacher.

答案：application

8．Although more advanced equipment can provide you          more choices, it cannot take the place of practice and experience.

答案：with

9．The students are looking forward to having an opportunity          (explore) society for real­life experience.

答案：to explore

10．With global warming becoming more and more serious, it won't be long          some coastal cities disappear.

答案：before

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．It won't be long before we will know the result of the experiment.

答案：去掉will

2．Your main task today is help your mother wash the curtains.

答案：is后加to

3．In the way, I'm glad you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you.

答案：the→a

4．The environment of Hong Kong is very outstanding that it is chosen as one of the world's most livable cities.

答案：very→so

5．Can you give me some advice on what to deal with this difficulty?

答案：what→how或deal→do

Ⅲ.教材微写作

A．根据提示完成句子

1．近来，高智商的机器人出现了。(intelligent; arise)

答案：Highly intelligent robots have arisen recently.

2．有些可以打字、发信号。(type; signal)

答案：Some can type and signal.

3．有些能处理一些重要事情。(deal with)

答案：Some can deal with some important things.

4．在某种程度上，电脑改变了我们的生活。(in a way)

答案：In a way, computers have changed our life.

5．许多学生对电脑如此着迷以至于在电脑上花费了太多的时间。(so ... that ...)

答案：Many students become so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them.

6．结果，一些学生在考试中失败。(as a result)

答案：As a result, some of the students fail in the exam.

7．即使如此，电脑在我们的日常生活中起很重要的作用。(anyhow)

答案：Anyhow, computers play an important part in our daily life.

B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范

答案：Highly intelligent robots have arisen recently, some of which can type, signal,  and even deal with some important things. In a way, computers have changed our life. However,  many students become so crazy about computers that they spend too much time on them. As a result, some of the students fail in the exam. Anyhow, computers play an important part in our daily life.