高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science优秀第三课时课后测评

课时作业9　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas

Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future and wanted to make a __1__ in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That's __2__ I learned about the Lighthouse Project.

I started my __3__ as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous __4__. I knew it would be hard work and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. __5__， I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project __6__.

I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to __7__ among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for __8__. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria.

After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and __9__ in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food __10__ I were their own family. I was asked to __11__ a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I __12__ in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think I learned more from my  __13__ than they did from me.

Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or __14__ to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and I returned to the United States as a __15__ man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在Lighthouse Project当志愿者的经历使作者与众不同，改变了作者的人生。

1．A.contribution   B．difference

C．change   D．attempt

答案：B

解析：考查名词辨析。句意：和许多新毕业的大学生一样，我怀着对未来的希望离开了大学，想以某种方式做有意义的事，但我不知道该怎么做。 A．contribution贡献；B.difference不同；C.change改变；D.attempt试图，故选B。

2．A.why   B．how

C．when   D．where

答案：C

解析：考查表语从句。句意：那时我才了解到Lighthouse Project。__2__ I learned about the Lighthouse Project.是一个表语从句，连接词在从句中作时间状语，用when，故选C。

3．A.journey   B．career

C．occupation   D．business

答案：A

解析：考查名词辨析。句意：作为Lighthouse Project的志愿者，通过尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者的经历，我开始了我的旅程。A.journey旅行；B.career职业；C.occupation职业；D.business生意，故选A。

4．A.volunteers   B．fellows

C．graduates   D．applicants

答案：A

解析：考查名词辨析。 句意：作为Lighthouse Project的志愿者，通过尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者的经历，我开始了我的旅程。A.volunteers志愿者；B.fellows研究员；C.graduates毕业生；D.applicants申请人，故选A。

5．A.In turn   B．In reward

C．In honor   D．In short

答案：D

解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：总之，我并没有轻率地决定申请Lighthouse Project。A.In turn依次；B.In reward作为酬报；C.In honor为了纪念；D.In short总之，故选D。

6．A.seriously   B．lightly

C．hurriedly   D．cautiously

答案：B

解析：考查副词辨析。句意：总之，我并没有轻率地决定申请Lighthouse Project。A.seriously严重地；B.lightly容易地；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.cautiously慎重地，故选B。

7．A.work out   B．turn out

C．stand out   D．pick out

答案：C

解析：考查动词短语辨析。根据and survive the test alone.可知这里意思是我成功地在候选人中坚持到底。A.work out算出；B.turn out结果是；C.stand out坚持到底；D.pick out挑选出，故选C。

8．A.duty   B．call

C．application   D．responsibility

答案：A

解析：考查固定短语。句意：几个月后，我终于接到一个电话，让我去报到。report for the duty报到，该短语是固定短语，故选A。

9．A.instantly   B．desperately

C．severely   D．timely

答案：B

解析：考查副词辨析。 句意：训练结束后，我被送到一个小村庄，那里迫切需要合适的住处。A.instantly立即地；B.desperately 极度地；C.severely严重地；D.timely及时地，故选B。

10．A.as if   B．even if

C．just as   D．what if

答案：A

解析：考查连词辨析。句意：虽然当地的村民很穷，但他们把自己的家、真心和食物都给了我，就好像我是他们自己的家人一样。A.as if好像；B.even if虽然；C.just as正像；D.what if假使……将会怎么样，故选A。

11．A.convince   B．lead

C．gather   D．undertake

答案：B

解析：考查动词辨析。句意：我被要求带领一群当地村民建造校舍。A.convince说服；B.lead带领；C.gather聚集；D.undertake承担，故选B。

12．A.studied   B．survived

C．supported   D．taught

答案：D

解析：考查动词辨析。 句意：在接下来的一年左右的时间里，我就在这间校舍里教书。A.studied学习；B.survived幸存；C.supported支持；D.taught教书，故选D。

13．A.villagers   B．colleagues

C．students   D．competitors

答案：C

解析：考查名词辨析。句意：我觉得我从学生那里学到的比我教给学生的更多。A.villagers村民；B.colleagues同事；C.students 学生；D.competitors竞争者，故选C。

14．A.familiar   B．similar

C．cruel   D．unusual

答案：D

解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：那些原本对我来说看上去很陌生或很不寻常的东西，已经不再陌生或奇特。A.familiar 熟悉的；B.similar相似的；C.cruel残酷的；D.unusual 不寻常的，故选D。

15．A.smart   B．different

C．helpful   D．professional

答案：B

解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：回到美国我变成了一个与以往不同的人。A.smart 聪明的；B.different不同的；C.helpful 有帮助的；D.professional职业的，故选B。

A

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本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一种可自动探测独居老人摔倒的医疗警报系统。

1．Why are there an increasing number of medically related emergencies?

A．Old people's quality of life is down at present.

B．The old are not paying attention to their health.

C．The overall health of the old is worse than before.

D．Many old people have no one to keep them company.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，更多的老年人选择独居使得与医疗相关的紧急情况增多。

2．What's the main advantage of the system mentioned in the text?

A．Preventing falls.

B．Serving as an alarm.

C．Replacing doctors.

D．Improving health and mind.

答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，这种系统可以自动探测到老人摔倒，主要起警报作用，故选B。

3．What benefit can the first 100 callers to order get?

A．Buy the system at $300.

B．Get a copy of Reader's Digest.

C．Have a pendant at a discount.

D．Get all­day monitoring and help.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据文章中打电话购买者的前100名可得到的好处之一“24 Hours a Day/7 Days a Week Live Monitoring and Support.”可知，打电话购买者的前100名可以得到全天候的监控和帮助。

B

Imagine you're standing in line to buy a snack at a store.You step up to the counter and the cashier scans your food.Next, you have to pay.But instead of scanning a QR code (二维码) with your smartphone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint. Or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even your ear.

Now, this type of technology might not be far away.As technology companies move away from the traditional password, biometric (生物特征识别的) security, which includes fingerprints, faces and voice ID, is becoming increasingly popular.

In 2013, Apple introduced the iPhone 5s, one of the first smartphones with a fingerprint scanner.Since then, using one's fingerprint to unlock a phone and make mobile payments has become a commonplace, bringing convenience to our lives.And since 2016, Samsung has featured eye­scanning technology in its top smartphones, while Apple's new iPhone X can even scan a user's face.But despite its popularity, experts warn that biometrics might not be as secure as we imagine.“Biometrics is ideally good in practice, not so much，” said John Michener, a biometrics expert.

When introducing the new iPhone's face ID feature, Phil Schiller, Apple's senior vice­president, said, “The chance that a random person in the population could look at your iPhone X and unlock it with their face is about one in a million.” But it's already been done.In a video posted on a community website Reddit, two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face.And they aren't even twins.

“We may expect too much from biometrics，”Anil Jain, a computer science professor at Michigan State University, told CBS News. “No security systems are perfect.”

Earlier last year, Jain found a way to trick biometric security. Using a printed copy of a thumbprint, she was able to unlock a dead person's smartphone for the police, according to a tech website Splinter.“It's good to see biometrics being used more，” Jain told CBS News, “because it adds another factor for security.And using multiple security measures is the best defense.”

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生物识别技术在智能手机上的应用及其存在的一些安全问题。

4．Which is the latest identification technology in a smartphone according to the passage?

A．Face scanning.   B．Eye scanning.

C．QR code scanning.   D．Fingerprint scanning.

答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，2013年iPhone 5s使用了指纹扫描；2016年三星在智能手机上运用了眼部扫描技术，而iPhone X甚至可以扫描用户的脸。所以，在智能手机中最新的识别技术应是面部识别。

5．What is a major problem of the iPhone X's face ID system?

A．It takes too long to unlock the phone.

B．It often fails to recognize its owner's face.

C．Face data can be used for other purposes.

D．Different faces can be used to unlock the same phone.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，iPhone X的面部识别技术的问题是不同的脸可以解锁同一部手机。

6．What is Anil Jain's opinion about biometric security?

A．It is as secure as traditional measures.

B．It is perfect without much improvement.

C．It has caused much trouble for the police.

D．It should be used with other security measures.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Anil Jain认为生物识别技术应该与其他安全措施一起使用。

7．What does the author intend to tell us in this passage?

A．The popularity of biometrics.

B．Security problems of biometrics.

C．Various problems with biometrics.

D．Great changes caused by biometrics.

答案：B

解析：写作意图题。根据全文内容，尤其是第三段中的“But despite its popularity, experts warn that biometrics might not be as secure as we imagine. ‘Biometrics is ideally good in practice, not so much’”可知，通过这篇文章作者想告诉我们的是生物识别技术存在的一些安全问题。

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its “four great new __1__ (invent)” —high­speed rail, electronic payment, shared bicycle, and online shopping.

China's new­generation high­speed train, the Fuxing Hao, is now one of the __2__ (fast) trains in the world, which can travel at a speed of 350km/h.Besides high­speed rail, China __3__ (improve) people's lives in many other innovative ways over the last decade.

Bike­sharing, for example, is not new itself.But China has made __4__ much more convenient and popular both in China __5__ overseas.The leading Chinese bike­sharing companies Mobike and Helloglobal are now operating in foreign countries such as Singapore and Britain.

And back in China, when riding a shared bike, you can stop __6__ (buy) and eat whatever you want __7__ (simple) with a tap on your phone.You could easily pay with your smartphone by __8__ (scan) the seller's QR code.Cashless payment has grown into a __9__ (choose) for Chinese people—even a pancake seller is using Alipay.

As for Alipay, it was designed to serve the online shopping at first, __10__ is now one of the most convenient ways to make purchases in China.You can buy anything you need without leaving your homes.

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的“新四大发明”——高速铁路、电子支付、共享单车和网络购物。

1．inventions

解析：考查名词复数。前面有four great new修饰，故用该词对应的名词的复数形式，故填inventions。

2．fastest

解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据后面的比较范围in the world可知，这里应用最高级形式。

3．has_improved

解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。over the last decade表示“在过去十年”，常和现在完成时连用；又因为主语是China，故用has improved。

4．it

解析：考查代词。这里it指代前面的Bike­sharing，充当动词made的宾语。

5．and

解析：考查连词。both...and...为固定搭配，表示“两者都……”。

6．to_buy

解析：考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”，这里表示停下共享单车去买东西吃，故用不定式充当宾语。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。

7．simply

解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰with介词短语，故用所给词的副词形式。

8．scanning

解析：考查非谓语动词。空处作介词by的宾语，故用动名词形式。

9．choice

解析：考查词性转换。冠词a后面应用所给动词的名词形式。

10．which

解析：考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词online shopping，故填which。