2020届高考英语二轮复习教师用书：2020届老高考英语二轮对点集训：第一板块专题一语法填空


[小题夯基练]
单句语法填空
1．Since 2011，the country ____61____(grow) more corn than rice.
解析：has grown　[句中缺少谓语部分，故空格处作谓语。根据时间状语Since 2011可知，此处要用现在完成时，且主语为the country，故填has grown。]
2．(2020·郑州市质检二)Traffic，together with factory fumes，____67____ (be) a big problem.
解析：is　[考查主谓一致。句中的主语是Traffic，为不可数名词，且此处描述的是客观情况，故填is。]
3．You don't have to run fast or for long ____62____ (see) the benefit.
解析：to see　[考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语部分don't have to run，所以空格处应为非谓语动词。由语境可知空处作目的状语，故填to see。]
4．(2020·南昌市联考)I saw some older people ____64____ (practise) tai chi slowly.I stopped and watched their movements closely.
解析：practising　[考查非谓语动词。“我”看见一些老年人正慢慢地练太极。本句含有“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾语some older people与practise 是主动关系，且根据后面的“I stopped and watched their movements closely.”可知，宾补动作正在发生，故用practise的现在分词形式。]
5．(2020·宜昌葛洲坝中学月考)Not only have the fables themselves lived for nearly 1,500 years，but ____62____ (express) from them have entered various languages.
解析：expressions　[考查名词单复数。句意：不仅这些寓言本身存在了近1 500年，而且里面的一些词语已经被收录到各种语言中了。设空处表示“词语”之意，在句中作主语，需用名词形式；根据设空处后的have entered 可推知设空处需用名词复数形式，故填expressions。]
6．(2020·徐州一中检测)____________(happy) for him，his stepmother was kind to him.
解析：Happily　[考查形容词、副词变形。句意：使他高兴的是，他的继母对他很好。空格处位于句首作状语修饰后面整个句子，故用副词形式；根据提示词可推知用happily且其首字母要大写。]
7．(2020·榆林二中一模)Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the ____62____(late) medical development.
解析：latest　[考查形容词。 句意：医生用它来了解更多不熟悉的疾病和最新的医学发展。设空处作定语，修饰medical development，意为“最新的”，故填形容词latest。]
8．(2019·郑州一中测试六)Four boys were taking ____66____ walk in the woods near Montignac.
解析：a　[考查冠词。句意：四个男孩儿正在蒙提涅克附近的树林里散步。take a walk 为固定短语，意为“行走，散步”。]
9．(2019·郑州一中测试六)Most caves are formed ____62____ nature under the ground，but some have entrances people can find.
解析：by　[考查介词。句意：大部分洞窟是在地下自然形成的，但有些洞窟的入口人们可以发现。by nature为固定搭配，意为“天然地”，故填介词by。]
10．(2019·郑州市质检一)To me，the debating community is a great place ____68____ people help each other.
解析：where　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为place，故用where。]
11．(2019·滨州市统考)____66____ it's difficult to master the language，he considers it important for his future career.
解析：While/Though/Although　[考查从属连词。句意：虽然掌握这门语言是困难的，但他认为这对他的职业发展来说是重要的。“____66____ it's difficult to master the language”为让步状语从句，设空处表示“虽然”，故填While/Though/Although。]
12．(2019·广州市质检一)____66____ he witnessed in China aroused much interest among his countrymen.
解析：What　[考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，也在从句中作及物动词witnessed的宾语，故用What引导该主语从句。]
13．(2020·黄冈元月调研)What all of you really wanted was coffee，not the cup，____63____ you went for the best cups and then began looking at each other's cups.
解析：but/yet　[考查并列连词。句意：你们大家真正想要的是咖啡而不是杯子，但是你们都去拿了最好的杯子然后开始看彼此的杯子。前后两个分句为转折关系，故填并列连词but/yet。]
14．(2019·衡水中学调考)In general，third­culture kids benefit from ____61____ (they) inter­cultural experiences and they often reach excellent academic results.
解析：their　[考查代词。句意：一般而言，“第三文化的孩子们”受益于他们对不同文化的体验，并且他们的学习成绩往往会非常优秀。设空处作inter­cultural experiences的定语，故填形容词性物主代词their。]
15．(2019·江西名校质检)Eighteen years later，we're still here and doing ____69____ (well) than ever.
解析：better　[考查比较级。句意：18年以后我们还在这里，并且比以往做得更好。根据than ever 可知设空处填副词比较级；根据提示词well可知答案为better。]
[大题提能练]
Ⅰ.语法填空——有提示词专练(用括号内单词的正确形式填空)
She looks like any other schoolgirl，fresh­faced and full of life.Sarah Thomas 1.____________ (be) looking forward to the challenge of 2.____________(she) new A­level course.But unlike her school friends,16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term 3.____________ (rest)．Instead，she is earning ￡6,500 a day as a model in New York.
Sarah 4.____________ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel,5.____________ (earn) a million dollars in the next year.Her father Peter,44，wants her 6.____________ (give) up school to model full­time.But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants 7.____________ (prove) that she has brains as well as 8.____________ (beautiful)．She is determined 9.____________(carry) on with her 10.____________ (educate)．
She has turned down several 11.____________ (invite) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.After school she plans to take a year off to model full­time before 12.____________ (go) to university to get a degree in 13.____________ (engineer) or architecture.
Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school 14.____________ (come) first.I don't want to get too 15.____________ (absorb) in modeling.It is 16.____________(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little 17.____________ (real)．I don't want to have nothing else 18.____________ (fall) back on when I can't model any more.”
[语篇解读]　 文章介绍了纽约市16岁的高中女孩萨拉，她不仅学习成绩好、长得漂亮，而且是一个收入不菲的时装模特。她爸爸希望她退学专门从事模特行业，但是她以学业为重，坚持学业和工作两不误。
1．解析：is　[考查时态和主谓一致。提示词为be，句子缺少谓语动词，主语为Sarah Thomas，根据上下文(looks；is not...)的时态可知，此处应该用一般现在时，故填is。]
2．解析：her　[考查代词。提示词为代词，在句中作定语修饰名词course，所以用she的形容词性物主代词her。]
3．解析：resting　[考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词。spend time doing sth.是固定句式，意为“花费时间做某事”。]
4．解析：has been told/was told　[考查时态和语态。提示词为动词，句中缺少谓语动词，根据语境，萨拉应该是“被告知”她能成为英国新的超级名模，此处可以用现在完成时或一般过去时。]
5．解析：earning　[考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词，从句中已有谓语动词could be，由此可以判断，此处用非谓语动词。分析语境可知，earn的逻辑主语就是从句的主语she，在句中作结果状语，故用现在分词形式。]
6．解析：to give　[考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词，句中已有谓语动词wants，这里是want sb.to do sth.“想让某人做某事”，所以用动词不定式作宾补。]
7．解析：to prove　[考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词，句中已有谓语动词wants，want to do sth.为固定结构，意为“想做某事”，故用动词不定式作宾语。]
8．解析：beauty　[考查名词。提示词为形容词，as well as为连词，前后成分应该一致，所以该空应该和前面的brains一致，用名词形式，在这里beauty为抽象的概念，没有复数形式。 ]
9．解析：to carry　[考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词，be determined to do sth.为固定结构，所以用动词不定式。]
10．解析：education　[考查名词。前面有形容词性物主代词her 修饰，故用educate的名词形式education，且education是不可数名词，故用其原形。]
11．解析：invitations　[考查名词。提示词为动词，前有several作定语修饰，故此处需要一个名词，而且invitation是可数名词，前面有several修饰，故用其复数。]
12．解析：going　[考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词，she 与go之间是主动关系，所以用“介词＋现在分词”形式作状语。所以用going。]
13．解析：engineering　[考查名词。提示词为动词，前面有介词in，后跟表示某个专业的名词，和后面的architecture的形式一致，所以用engineering。]
14．解析：comes　[考查动词的时态。根据at the moment(现在)可知，这个句子用一般现在时态，而且主语school是单数，故用comes。]
15．解析：absorbed　[考查形容词。提示词为动词，在系动词后用形容词形式。get/be absorbed in 为固定用法，意为“忙于……，专注于……”。]
16．解析：certainly　[考查副词。提示词为形容词，此处应该用副词来修饰形容词fun。]
17．解析：unreal　[考查形容词。提示词为形容词，根据语境可知，这里表达的意思为：模特表演确实很有趣，但是这种生活方式有点不真实。所以用反义词。要注意but的用法。]
18．解析：to fall　[考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词，在句中作定语修饰nothing，fall的逻辑主语就是句子的主语I，故用动词不定式to fall。]

Ⅱ.语法填空——无提示词专练(每空限一词)
In 1863 1.____________ first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers 2.____________ allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above 3.____________they travelled to and 4.____________ work.5.____________ took three years to complete and was built using 6.____________ interesting method.This included digging up the road，laying the track and then building a strong roof over 7.____________ top.When all those had been done，the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,8.____________ all the smoke and noise.9.____________，the railway quickly proved to be 10.____________ great success and within six months，more than 25,000 people were using 11.____________ every day.
Later，engineers managed to construct railways 12.____________ a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，13.____________ became known 14.____________ the Tube.This development was only possible with the introduction of electric­powered engines and lifts.The Central London Railway was one of 15.____________ most successful of these new lines，and was opened 16.____________ 1900.It had white­painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular 17.____________ the public.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的历程。
1．解析：the　[考查冠词。序数词用定冠词修饰。句意为：1863年，世界上第一条地铁在伦敦运营。]
2．解析：and　[考查连词。连接两个并列的谓语动词“ran”和“allowed”，用连词and。]
3．解析：as/when　[考查状语从句的连词。引导一个时间状语从句，用连词as/when。句意为：这条地铁能够让人们避免上下班在路上遇到的交通拥堵。]
4．解析：from　[考查介词。travel to and from work上下班，为固定搭配。]
5．解析：It　[考查代词。此处缺少主语，由句意可知，主语仍为the firs underground passenger railway，且位于句首，故用It。]
6．解析：an　[考查冠词。可数名词method在句中表泛指，前有发音以元音开头的interesting修饰，用不定冠词an。]
7．解析：the　[考查冠词。此处特指“地铁的顶部”，故用定冠词the。]
8．解析：with　[考查介词。表伴随，意为“带有，具有”，用介词with。]
9．解析：However　[考查副词。上文说的是“有烟雾和噪音，对乘客来说一定相当不愉快”，下文说的是“这条铁路很快证明是成功的”，上下文之间是转折关系，又因为空后有逗号，且位于句首，故用副词However。]
10．解析：a　[考查冠词。抽象名词“success”在这里指的是修建这条地铁这件事，属于典型的抽象名词具体化，所以用不定冠词a。]
11．解析：it　[考查代词。use是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处很明显缺少代词。分析句意可知，此处用it指代上文提到的the railway。]
12．解析：in　[考查介词。这里指的是在隧道里，所以用介词in。]
13．解析：which　[考查关系代词。代替上文指物的先行词，引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。]
14．解析：as　[考查介词。be/become known as 意为“作为……而出名”。]
15．解析：the　[考查冠词。在最高级的前面用定冠词 the。]
16．解析：in　[考查介词。表示在哪一年，用介词in。]
17．解析：with　[考查介词。popular with 为固定结构，意为“深受……欢迎”。]


Ⅲ.综合语法填空
A
Wuzhen Water Town is a typical ancient town in southern China.1.____________(lie) in the northern part of Tongxiang City，Zhejiang Province，it can be easily accessed through a number of expressways.On a recent business trip to Shanghai，a local friend 2.____________ (invite) me to Wuzhen.
It was 9：00 am when we arrived there.With its houses made 3.____________ black bricks and gray tiles(瓦)against the white walls，the small town is like a 4.____________ (tradition) Chinese ink wash drawing.Wandering along the riverside，you will be 5.____________ (deep) impressed by the great scenery and slow lifestyle.During lunchtime，I 6.____________ (treat) to the steamed white fish，a well­known dish served at most 7.____________ (restaurant) in Wuzhen.It tasted so good.But I think it is the combination of culture and food that makes it so outstanding.
After lunch，we continued our walk，enjoying the sights and learning about its history，a history 8.____________ is full of good stories and unique traits (特色)．
It's really fortunate for anybody 9.____________ (explore) such a beautiful place.We hope there will be 10.____________ second chance to visit this wonderful town!
[语篇解读]　本文叙述了作者游览乌镇的经历。
1．解析：Lying　[考查非谓语动词。现在分词作状语，与逻辑主语it之间是主动关系。]
2．解析：invited　[考查动词的时态。时间状语是On a recent business trip，句子时态应为过去时。]
3．解析：of　[考查介词。(be) made of...“由……制成、构成”是固定搭配。]
4．解析：traditional　[考查词性转换。此处应该用形容词作定语，修饰drawing，“传统的中国水墨画”。]
5．解析：deeply　[考查词性转换。副词作状语，修饰动词impressed“留下深深的印象”。]
6．解析：was treated　[考查动词的时态和语态。treat sb.to sth.“请某人吃……”为习惯搭配；此句中I和treat之间为被动关系，时态为一般过去时。]
7．解析：restaurants　[考查名词复数。most 为复数的标志词，此处用复数泛指多数饭店。]
8．解析：that/which　[考查定语从句。先行词是history，关系代词在从句中作主语。]
9．解析：to explore　[考查不定式。不定式作真正的主语，it作形式主语。]
10．解析：a　[考查冠词。“a＋序数词”表示重复，意为“又一次，再一次”，不表示顺序。]

B

The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st­century Maritime Silk Road are also 1.____________ (know) as the One Belt and One Road Initiative (OBOR)．It is a development strategy that focuses 2.____________ the cooperation between Eurasian countries，primarily the People's Republic of China (PRC)，the land­based Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB)and the ocean­going Maritime Silk Road (MSR)．The strategy underlines China's push 3.____________ (play)a larger role in global affairs with a China­centered trading network.
It 4.____________(raise)by Xi Jinping in September and October 2013 for SREB and MSR respectively.It was also promoted by Premier Li Keqiang during the state visit to Asia and Europe and the most 5.____________ (frequent) mentioned concept in the People's Daily in 2016.It was initially called One Belt and One Road,6.____________ in mid­2016 the official English name was changed to the Belt and Road Initiative.
The future of trade in Asia could depend heavily on what becomes of China's expansive One Belt，One Road initiative,7.____________ calls for massive investment in the development of trade routes in the region.An ancient Chinese saying 8.____________ (go)，“A long journey can be covered only by 9.____________(take) one step at a time.”Similarly，in Europe，there is also the saying that“Rome wasn't built in a day.”OBOR requires more dedicated 10.____________ (effort)．It will bring true benefit to both the world and China!
[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了一带一路的相关知识。
1．解析：known　[考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词作表语。]
2．解析：on　[考查介词。此处为focus on短语，意为“集中于”。]
3．解析：to play　[考查不定式。此处为动词不定式作后置定语。]
4．解析：was raised　[考查动词的时态和语态。根据后面的时间状语in September and October 2013 可知此处应用一般过去时，再结合主语和谓语的关系可知应用被动语态。]
5．解析：frequently　[考查副词。此处副词修饰形容词mentioned。]
6．解析：but　[考查连词。根据前后语境可知此处表示转折。]
7．解析：which　[考查定语从句。此处which引导非限制性定语从句并在定语从句中充当主语。]
8．解析：goes　[考查动词的时态。正如古代的谚语所说，用一般现在时。]
9．解析：taking　[考查动名词。此处by为介词，后跟动词的­ing形式。]
10．解析：efforts　[考查名词复数。根据其前的more可知此处应用名词的复数形式。]
C
Alcohol is a substance that reduces the function of the brain,1.____________ (weaken) thinking，reasoning and muscle coordination.All these abilities are essential to operating a vehicle 2.____________ (safe)．
As alcohol levels rise in a person's system，the negative effects 3.____________ the central nervous system increase，too.Alcohol 4.____________ (absorb) directly through the walls of the stomach and small intestine(肠)．Then it passes into the bloodstream 5.____________ it accumulates until it is broken down by the liver.Alcohol level is measured by the weight of the alcohol in a certain volume of blood.This is called Blood Alcohol Concentration，or BAC.At a BAC of 0.8 milligrams of alcohol per milliliter of blood，crash risk 6.____________ (increase) greatly.Because of this risk，it's illegal in many places 7.____________ (drive) with a BAC of 0.8 or higher.However，even a small amount of alcohol can affect driving ability.In fact，every year there are thousands of people 8.____________ (kill) in alcohol­related crashes where drivers have 9.____________ (low) alcohol levels (BACs of 0.1 to 0.7 mg/ml)．
BAC is measured with a breathalyzer，a device that measures the amount of alcohol in a driver's breath,10.____________ by a blood test.
[语篇解读]　本文是说明文，介绍了酒驾的危害以及有关规定。
1．解析：weakening　[考查现在分词。现在分词作伴随状语。]
2．解析：safely　[考查词性转换。副词作状语，修饰动作operating。]
3．解析：on　[考查介词。the effects on...为习惯搭配。]
4．解析：is absorbed　[考查被动语态。alcohol 与absorb之间为被动关系。]
5．解析：where　[考查定语从句。where引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。]
6．解析：increases　[考查主谓一致。此处表示通常情况，为现在时，主语crash risk 为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。]
7．解析：to drive　[考查不定式。本句为it作形式主语，不定式是真正主语。]
8．解析：killed　[考查过去分词。过去分词作后置定语修饰people。]
9．解析：lower　[考查形容词比较级。根据后面括号里的数字可判断，此处指比规定酒精含量BAC 0.8更低的含量。]
10．解析：or　[考查连词。上下句之间为选择关系。“BAC是用体内酒精含量测定器或者验血来测定的”。]
D
A new university course is about the study of selfies 1.____________ (take) on cellphones.The goal is to analyze 2.____________ (it) cultural meaning and self­expression in the modern world.
The course began at the University of Southern California.And it attracted people 3.____________ (huge)．It is Professor Mark Marino 4.____________ teaches the course.He defended the 5.____________ (important) to understand the phenomenon that boomed with the advent(流行)of smartphones.“My students are learning that selfies 6.____________ (become) part of the communication process by this time，”Mark said，“and there are parts of our identity that are being read regardless of how we try to portray ourselves.So the course is very popular 7.____________ some students.”
As part of the course，students have to take five self­portraits 8.____________ analyze the background，their clothes，their gestures and any objects in the image.Throughout the course，they 9.____________ (ask) to compare their selfies with those of other students and well­known people，like Beyonce,10.____________ singer who often posts selfies on social media.
[语篇解读]　用智能手机自拍是许多人的爱好。美国的一所大学开设了一门关于自拍的课程。
1．解析：taken　[考查过去分词。take与selfies之间是动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。]
2．解析：its　[考查代词。修饰名词应用形容词性物主代词。]
3．解析：hugely　[考查副词。修饰动词attracted应用副词形式。]
4．解析：who/that　[考查强调句。被强调的是Professor Mark Marino，故可用who或that。]
5．解析：importance　[考查名词。作defended的宾语，故应填名词形式。]
6．解析：have become　[考查时态。由by this time可知，此处应用现在完成时。]
7．解析：with　[考查介词。be popular with意为“受……的欢迎”。]
8．解析：and　[考查连词。take和analyze是并列动词，因此用并列连词and。]
9．解析：are asked　[考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，应用一般现在时；they 和ask是动宾关系，因此用被动语态。]
10．解析：the　[考查冠词。singer后有定语从句修饰，故应用定冠词。]