2020届高考英语二轮复习教师用书：第四板块第五讲　书信体作文——普通书信&电子邮件

第五讲　书信体作文——普通书信&电子邮件A典型例题审题谋篇　　(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：1.学校的体育场馆；2.主要的运动项目；3.你喜欢的项目。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。定体裁①__普通书信__定人称②__第一、三人称__定时态 ③__一般现在时__定要点定结构④开头：__点明很高兴收到朋友的来信，将为朋友介绍学校里的体育运动情况__⑤主体：__介绍学校的体育场馆、主要的运动项目，以及自己喜欢的项目__⑥结尾：__邀请朋友来校体验__学生习作升级方案Dear Peter，I'm ①very glad to hear from you.You asked me about the physical exercise in our school in your last letter.The following are relevant details.②A new stadium has been built.③It has become the new landmark in our school.④As the stadium was set up，⑤many sports are able to be held.⑥It makes ping­pong，football as well as running competition enjoy great popularity.My favourite sport is playing basketball.⑦It is because it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.⑧I hope you will come to our school and experience it in the near future.Yours，Li Hua升级词汇①：__more_than__ delighted2.在句②前加过渡词“首先”：__To_start/begin__ with3.句②③合并升级为定语从句：__To_start_with，a_new_stadium_has_been_built，which_has_become_the_new_landmark_in_our_school.__4.升级词汇⑤：__a_wide_range__ of5.句④⑤⑥升级为with结构，v.­ing作状语：__With_the_stadium_set_up，a_wide_range_of_sports_are_able_to_be_held，making_ping­pong，football_as_well_as_running_competition_enjoy_great_popularity.__6.句⑦升级句式：__The_reason_is_that_it_has_been_giving_me_strength_to_face_the_challenges_in_my_life.__7.在句⑧前增添过渡语：__All_in_all/In_conclusion__满分作文Dear Peter，I'm more than delighted to hear from you.You asked me about the physical exercise in our school in your last letter.The following are relevant details.To begin with，a new stadium has been built，which has become the new landmark in our school.With the stadium set up，a wide range of sports are able to be held，making ping­pong，football as well as running competition enjoy great popularity.My favourite sport is playing basketball.The reason is that it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.All in all，I do hope you will come to our school and experience it in the near future.Yours，Li HuaB典型例题审题谋篇　　(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：(1)时间和地点；(2)内容：学习唐诗；(3)课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。定体裁①__电子邮件__定人称②__第一、二人称__定时态 ③__一般现在时__定要点定结构④开头：__点明主题，向朋友介绍上课的计划__ ⑤主体：__介绍上课地点、时间、上课的内容以及朋友需做的准备__⑥结尾：__询问是否方便，并积极提供帮助_学生习作升级方案Dear Leslie，①I am writing to tell you my plan for the coming Chinese lesson.②I've decided to teach you Tang poetry in Room 101 Building 1 on Wednesday，which will last two hours.③Tang poetry is a symbol of Chinese traditional literature，and plays an important part in Chinese culture，so it's necessary for you to master it.④Besides，in order to learn Tang poetry well，you'd better get some information about Tang Dynasty before class.⑤Please tell me if it's convenient for you.⑥Furthermore，when you meet with some puzzling questions，don't hesitate to turn to me.Yours，Li Hua1.在句②中使用短语替换动词decided：__made_up_my_mind__2.在句②中加入具体的时间早上8点：__at_8_a．m.__3.在句③中使用非谓语短语替换and plays an important part in Chinese culture：__playing_an_important_part_in_Chinese_culture__4.在句③中使用抽象名词具体化替换necessary：__a_necessity__5.在句③中使用短语替换master：__have_a_good_knowledge_of__6.句⑤改为问句，体现交际性：__Would_you_tell_me_if_it's_convenient_for_you？__作文满分Dear Leslie，I am writing to tell you my plan for the coming Chinese lesson.   e made up my mind to teach you Tang poetry in Room 101 Building 1 at 8 a．m.on Wednesday，which will last two hours.Tang poetry is a symbol of Chinese traditional literature，playing an important part in Chinese culture，so it's a necessity for you to have a good knowledge of it.Besides，in order to learn Tang poetry well，you'd better get some information about Tang Dynasty before class.  Would you tell me if it's convenient for you？Furthermore，when you meet with some puzzling questions，don't hesitate to turn to me.Yours，Li Hua  一、书信体作文的写作技巧书信邮件类作文一般是以提纲式作文的形式出现并进行考查。命题人往往通过给定写作要点，或者较为宽泛的要求，让考生紧紧围绕中心进行写作。写作技巧有：1．认真审题，确定“基调”通过题目所给的文字信息，加以适当的细节，确定文章的主题，表述要点、文体、时态及人称等。2．列出提纲，明确主题首先弄清题目与提纲之间的关系。提纲只是对文章的提示和概括，但不是主题句。需要根据提纲的性质，写出完整的、体现主旨的句子，使之成为主题句。3．围绕主题，细化扩展要使整篇习作内容充实，言之有理，且层次感强，考生在写作过程中必须紧紧围绕主题展开具体叙述，且要注意句与句、段与段之间的连贯性。4．有始有终，虎头豹尾一篇优秀的习作，开头和结尾部分尤为重要。习作之始，必须能够吸引读者的眼球，让其有强烈的愿望读下去；收尾之处要有力度，切勿拖泥带水，要既能体现作者的总结(或愿望、态度等)，又能发人深思。二、书信体作文常用词汇及句型(一)常用词汇/短语1．interview vt.采访2．pursue vt.追求3．achievement n. 成就4．progress n．进步5．successful adj.成功的6．disappoint vt.使失望7．realize vt.实现；意识到8．dream n．梦想9．desire vt.渴望10．determined adj.有决心的11．exploration n．探究12．effort n．努力；成就13．praise vt.表扬14．pleasure n．愉快，快乐15．hard­working adj.勤奋的16．confidence n．自信17．rapid adj.快速的18．beneficial adj.有益的19．announce vt.宣布20．gain vt.获得；得到21．inspire vt.激发；鼓舞22．encouragement n．鼓励23．appreciate vt.感激24．honor n．荣誉25．imagine vt.设想26．satisfied adj.满意的27．concentrate v．集中28．focus v．集中29．attentively adv.聚精会神地30．challenge n．挑战31．harmful adj.有害的32．preparation n．准备33．experience vt.经历34．manage v．处理，应付35．make great efforts竭尽全力36．focus one's attention on把注意力放在……37．bury oneself in集中精力于……38．achieve one's goal/dream实现某人的目标/梦想39．sing high praise for高度评价40．gain great confidence获得巨大的信心41．make rapid progress取得巨大的进步42．but for要不是……43．come across遇到44．pursue one's dream追求某人的梦想45．be crazy about对……痴迷46．give up放弃47．dream of梦想48．come true变成现实49．manage to do做成某事50．keep a positive attitude towards对……保持乐观态度(二)常用句型Ⅰ.精彩开头开头一般来说要做到开门见山，使读者了解要谈什么，最好能立刻吸引读者的兴趣。①I'm writing to invite you to see the Chinese papercutting exhibition.我写信邀请你来看中国剪纸艺术展。②I am writing to tell you some good news.我写信告诉你一些好消息。③(2020·福建质检·书面表达)I'm delighted to know that you are interested in the Chinese speech contest，which is intended for foreigners.我很高兴知道……④(2019·济南高考模拟·书面表达)I'm Li Hua，an exchange student from China visiting your school now.我是李华，来自……的一名交换生。Ⅱ.正文佳句衔接与过渡性词语的使用是正文语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。在句与句之间，段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接(过渡)性词语是非常必要的。归纳如下：1．表示起始关系的过渡性词语①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)Generally speaking，your arrival shouldn't be later than the fixed time.一般来说，你在约定的时间之前早到。②Now I'll tell you the next learning programme.现在我来告诉你下一个学习计划。2．表示时间顺序的过渡性词语①(2018·北京卷·书面表达)Then I showed them how to make tea.然后我教他们如何沏茶。②(2018·天津卷书面表达)Meanwhile，attached to this email is a training plan I have worked out for my team.同时，附上这封电子邮件是我为我的团队制定的训练计划。3．表示并列关系的过渡性词语①(2018·浙江卷·书面表达)And I treasure this as a good chance to broaden my perspective as well as improve my spoken English.我珍惜这一个开阔了我的视野以及提高我的英语口语的好机会。②As you know，playing pingpong can not only build up your body but also shape your character.正如你所知道的，打兵乓球不仅可以增强你的体质，还能塑造你的性格。4．表示转折关系的过渡性词语(2017·浙江卷·书面表达)However，they still approached to the wolf bravely.然而，他们仍然勇敢地接近狼。5．表示因果关系的过渡性词语①(2018·北京卷·书面表达)Since you have long been interested in Chinese culture，I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.既然你很早就对中国文化感兴趣，我认为北京语言大学对你来说是一个理想的地方。②(2018·天津卷·书面表达)Therefore，it can't be better if you can join my team and show your talent.因此，如果你能加入我的团队来展示你的才能那就更好了。6．表示递进关系的过渡性词语①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)Besides，our school set up a volleyball team and a basketball team.此外，我们学校还成立了排球队和篮球队。②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)What's more，the stadium opens from 9 am to 5 pm Monday to Friday.另外，体育场从星期一到星期五的上午9点到下午5点开放。7．表示列举事实的过渡性词语①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)You'd better bring some little gifts，such as a special food or drink from your country.你最好带些小礼物，比如来自贵国的特殊食物或饮料。②(2018·江苏卷·书面表达)For example，there are huge amounts of reference books which I am confused to choose from.例如，有如此多的参考书以至于我很困惑，不知如何选择。8．表示观点的过渡性词语①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)As for the physical exercise in our school，here is something about it.这里有一些事情是关于我们学校的体育运动情况。②(2017·北京卷·书面表达)Personally，I prefer the tour along the Yangtze，the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.就个人而言，我更喜欢沿着长江，最长的河流和中国文明的母亲河之一旅游。9．表示总结的过渡性词语①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)All in all，I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.总而言之，我诚挚地邀请你到我们学校来亲自看看。②In short，internet voting，to some extent，is unfair，if not immoral，and cannot be trusted.总之，即使符合道德标准，网上投票在一定程度上也是不公平的，不应该被相信。Ⅲ.余味结尾结尾有概括全文内容，进一步强调中心思想，升华主题的作用。主要有以下写法：1．表示感谢法①I'll appreciate it if you can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.如果您尽早给我回信，我会非常感谢。②I'd appreciate it if you could do me a favor.如果你能帮助我，我将非常感谢。③I must thank you again for your generous help.我必须对你慷慨的帮助再次表示感谢。2．表示期待法①Hope you'll have a good time in China.希望你在中国玩得快乐。②Looking forward to your reply.期待着您的回复。③I hope we'll get together again next year.希望明年再聚。