2020浙江高考英语二轮讲义：专题五层级三题型应对策略第一讲　应用文写作


层级三　题型应对策略
第一讲　应用文写作
　书　信
书信是人们在日常生活和工作中进行交际的工具之一。书信写作在近几年的高考作文中考得比较多，所考的书信格式也比较简单。但由于民族语言和习惯上的差异， 英语信件在书写格式及表达方式上与汉语不大一样， 有些地方迥然不同。因此我们了解一些英语书信的正规写法还是非常有必要的。
英文书信分为两大类：公务信件和私人信件。
公务信件是单位与单位或单位与个人之间来往的书信， 可能是推荐信、求职信、入学申请书、邀请信， 或询问、答复、反映意见(如投诉信)等的信件。私人信件是指亲戚朋友之间的通信。
一、书信的构成
这两类书信各有自己的格式。公务信件要求比较严格。 一般格式：英文书信的构成可分为7个部分：信头(Heading)，日期(Date), 收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address), 称呼(Salutation), 信文(Body of the letter), 结束语(Complimentary close), 署名(Signature)。
一般说来， 私人信件不拘形式。随着互联网的发展与普及， 电子邮件已逐步代替书信。电子邮件类似书信， 但格式往往更简洁、 更随便。
1．信头
信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址。一般情况下发信人只需把自己的地址写在信的右上角， 离开信纸的顶头约1英寸， 占二三行或四行均可， 格式如下：
① 齐头式 ② 缩进式
2．日期
①年份应写全， 例如不能用 “18” 来代替 “2018”。
②月份应写英文名称， 除May, July外， 可用缩写， 如：Sept., Oct.。但不要用数字来代替， 如7/8/18 或7, 8, 18, 因为在英国此日期代表 7th August, 2018。　
③日期可用1, 2, 3, 4……11, 12……21, 22……31等， 也可用1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th……11th, 21st, 22nd……31st等。
日期的几种写法：
a．July 7, 2018　　　　　　 b．1st October, 2018
c．30 Nov., 2018 d．Sept.3rd, 2018
④特别注意英文书信日期应紧接着写信人地址下一行， 不能像写中文书信那样写在书信签名之后。
3．地址
地址的书写顺序由小到大：门牌号、街道、城市、省(州)、邮编、国名， 最后写发信日期。 私人信件一般只写寄信日期即可。
如： 123 Tianhe Road
Tianhe District
Guangzhou 510 620
Guangdong Province
P．R.C.
Jan.8, 2018
4．称呼
称呼指的是信文开头的那种称呼， 如Dear, Mr., Uncle等， 各种称呼因人而异。对女子常用Ms./Mrs./Miss；对男子用Mr.；对教授或博士(医生)用Prof.或Dr.。
称呼直接写在收信人地址的正下方， 中间空一至二行。称呼后面一般用逗号， 但也有用冒号的。现归纳如下：
①对父母、兄弟、姐妹等：a.Father，b.My dear Mother，c.Dear Sister, d．Dear Tom；
②对亲戚：a.My dear Auntie, b．Dear Cousin, c．My dear Cousin；
③对朋友、同学：a.My dear friend, b．Dear Mr. Jackson, c．My dear Mr. Jackson, d．Dear Sir；
④对未婚女子：a.Dear Miss Luce, b．My dear Miss Luce;
⑤对一般女子， 不论是否结婚：a.Madam, b．Dear Madam;
⑥对已婚女子：a.Dear Mrs. Helen Jackson, b．My dear Mrs. Helen Jackson;
⑦对公司、工厂、学校等：a.Dear Sirs，b.Sirs, c．Gentlemen；
⑧如果不知收信人的性别： Dear Sir or Madam。
5．信文
信文是信件的主体部分， 也就是信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。信的开头第一个字母通常和称呼开头第一个词平齐。也有往后退四个或八个字母的。
正文是书信的主体。与中文信件不同的是， 英文书信的正文的开头不是先写一些问候语， 再阐明写信的目的， 而是直接说明写信人的身份及写信的目的， 然后提出写信人的情况、想法或要求， 并加以必要的解释或说明。
英文书信陈述目的时， 应该直截了当， 意思明确， 层次清楚， 言简意赅。 书信正文的第一句话或第一段， 通常被称为起首语。一般来说， 人们习惯用一些客套的写法作为书信正文的起始， 即先将对方来信的日期、主题加以简单描述， 以便使对方一看便知该信是回答哪一封信的。如果是第一次给别人写信， 也可用开头语作必要的自我介绍， 并表明自己写信的主要目的。
下面介绍一些高考英语书信的开头语段和结尾语段：
(1)开头语段：
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I am Li Hua, a student from China, who is studying in London during the summer holiday.
我叫李华，是一名来自中国的学生。暑假期间我在伦敦学习。
②(2017·浙江卷6月书面表达)I plan to go for an outing, and I would like to invite you to participate.
我计划去郊游，我想邀请你参加。
③(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I am writing to inform you of the course schedule of the next class, which is about poetry of the Tang Dynasty.　我给你写信是想告诉你我们下次上课时关于唐代诗歌的计划安排。
④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I’m Li Hua, one of your students. I’m writing to invite you to visit the paper­cutting exhibition. Paper­cutting is one of Chinese traditions and I’m sure you will like it.
我是您的学生李华。我给您写信邀请您参观剪纸艺术展览。剪纸艺术是中国的一门传统艺术，我想您一定会喜欢的。
⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I’m writing to invite you to join our school table tennis team. I have been told that our school team is recruiting new members. Knowing that you are keen on playing table tennis, I wonder if you’d like to join.　我写信主要是邀请你参加我们学校的乒乓球队。我得知我们校队正在招收新队员。知道你喜爱乒乓球，我想知道你是否愿意参加。
⑥(2019·浙江卷6月书面表达)Hearing that you will return to your country soon, I feel a bit upset.
听到你不久以后要回国，我感到伤心。
(2)结尾语段：
①(2017·浙江卷6月书面表达)a: I really hope you can make it. And I do look forward to receiving your reply letter as soon as possible.　我真心希望你能参加，盼望尽早收到你的回信。
b: If you have time, you are always welcome to join us.
如果你能有时间，欢迎你能加入我们这次郊游。
②(浙江卷10月书面表达)Looking forward to seeing you!
Best wishes.　盼望早日见到你！请接受我最美好的祝愿。
③(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I’ll appreciate it if you can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.
如果在你方便时能尽早回复，我将不胜感激。
④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.
Looking forward to your reply.
我愿您能抓住这次更深刻了解中国传统文化的机会。
盼望您的回复。
⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)a：I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
如果你能在方便时尽早回复，我将不胜感激。
b：If you want to apply for membership, you are required to fill in the application form and send an email to pingpong@123.com. The deadline is July 20th.
I wish you success in your application!
如果你想申请队员资格，你需要填写申请表，并往pingpong@123.com发邮件。截止日期7月20日。
愿你申请成功！
6．结束语
结尾套语写在签名上面一行， 第一个字母要大写， 套语结尾后面要加逗号。
结束语的一般写法如下：
①业务书信常用：Yours faithfully, Faithfully yours, Yours truly, Truly yours, Sincerely yours等。
②公函常用：Yours respectfully, Respectfully yours, Yours sincerely等。
③私人书信常用：Sincerely yours, Yours very sincerely, Yours affectionately, Yours ever等。
④给亲戚朋友的信常用：Love, All my love, Your (ever) loving son/daughter/cousin, etc., Your affectionate nephew, Lovingly yours等。
7．署名
写信人的签名常位于结束语正下方一二行。除非是给很熟悉的人写信， 签名一般须写出全名。
①个人署名：W.J.Watson, Tom Williams等。
②公司署名：Legend Computer Company, Wang Lin, Sales Manager等。
二、书信写作常用套句
It is so great to hear from you again.
It is a great pleasure for me to...
With great delight I learned that...
I must apologize for not writing to you sooner.
1．建议：
In my experience, it seems that...would make sense in your situation.
In my opinion, it would be wise for you to take the following actions.
2．感谢
I truly appreciate your kindness.　
Thank you from the bottom of my heart for...
3．道歉
I apologize most sincerely for...　
I am so sorry to have put you through so much trouble...
4．邀请
We would be honored to have you there with us...I will cover all the expenses involved.
5．抱怨
I very much regret to have to inform you that...　
We will appreciate your willingness to make up for the loss.
I hope that the above situation will be improved as soon as possible.
6．咨询
I would like to request some information about...
Should I need to send further materials, please let me know.
7．求职
I hope I may be granted an interview...
三、书信的分类
(一)普通信件
典题感悟
文体分析
　　假如你是李华，昨天你收到了美国笔友Jennifer的e­mail。她询问高考之后你的暑假打算，请你就以下内容给她回一封邮件。
1.出行计划：到海南旅游；
2.读书计划：读两本早就想读却没有时间读的小说；
3.社会实践计划：与一些同学参加保护环境的宣传活动。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
________________________________________________________________________
　　电子邮件/书信类作文一般分为三段：第一段常常引出话题，在该篇文章中，话题为暑假及其安排；第二段为电子邮件或书信的正文，一般从几个方面展开说明或论述；该篇文章从三个方面具体说明暑假计划内容；第三段常常表达祝福、祝愿。
参考范文
亮点展示
Dear Jennifer，
①I am very glad to hear from you.②Yes，I am busy preparing for the coming College Entrance Examination，after which I will have a long summer vacation.
③My number one plan for the holidays is to take a trip to Hainan, enjoying beautiful nature and relaxing my tired body there—you cannot imagine how exhausted I am now.④Besides, I am going to read two novels which I have been wanting to read but can’t find time to do.⑤Finally, I will take part in an activity about raising the public’s environmental awareness with some of my classmates.
⑥Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
　　句②中的亮点较多：使用了较高级的非限制性定语从句；准确使用了两种时态——一般现在时和一般将来时；短语be busy doing形象地表明了作者的现状。句③用“—”连接两个并列句；在前一个分句中使用了非谓语的各种形式。句④中过渡词besides巧妙地连接了一、二两个计划，在which引导的定语从句中含有but引导的两个并列句。句⑤是个高级的简单句，其中含有一些高级词汇，比如：raising the public’s environmental awareness等。
续　表

写作指导
书信作文模板
Dear________，
开头：I am extremely pleased to hear from you.And I would like to write a letter to tell you that________．/How nice to hear from you again.Let me tell you something about ________．
...(正文内容)
I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience./I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
结尾：Best regards for your health and success.I’m looking forward to your reply./With best wishes, I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.
Sincerely yours,
________
【跟踪训练】
假定你是李华，暑假期间，你的美国朋友Jeff将来杭州看望你，并和你一起生活两周。请你给他写一封电子邮件，告知他以下事项：
1．两周主要活动安排；
2．届时杭州的天气情况和需要带的物品。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hi，Jeff，
Glad to learn that you are coming to Hangzhou during the summer vacation.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Hi，Jeff，
Glad__to__learn__that__you__are__coming__to__Hangzhou__during__the__summer__vacation.I’m sure you’re going to have lots of fun and learn much about Chinese culture.
We’ll mainly go touring around Hangzhou and places nearby.I will show you the best part of natural and cultural sites.That way, you may get a rough idea of what life in China is like.
It will be hot during the summer vacation, so you only need to take some T­shirts and shorts.Don’t forget your sports shoes as we’ll do a lot of walking.
Looking__forward__to__your__arrival!
Yours，
Li__Hua
(二)投诉信
典题感悟


文体分析
　　假定你是李华，两周前你从网上购买的一套书虫系列读物(Bookworm Series)昨天才到货，且包装破损，数量不足。请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下：1.介绍购物情况；2.反映存在问题；3.提出解决方案。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
To whom it may concern，
________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Li Hua
　　投诉信作文一般分为三段：第一段阐述问题发生的经过。在该篇文章中，作者简述了从网上购买的一套书虫系列读物昨天才到货，且存在包装破损，数量不足问题。第二段对存在的问题提出抱怨，并提出解决问题的方案。本文作者提出退货或换货。第三段常常催促对方抓紧解决问题。
参考范文
亮点展示
To__whom__it__may__concern，
I’m one of your customers. I ordered a set of Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn and I found one book missing.
I’m sorry to have received such poor service.I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me. Besides, I’d like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my complaint.
Looking__forward__to__your__reply.
Li__Hua
　　本文使用了较高级从句、句式(so...that, find...missing, And much to my disappointment, I’d like to be informed of)；准确使用了多种时态——一般现在时和一般过去时和现在完成时等。过渡词besides巧妙地引出要求对方正确对待作者的抱怨。
续　表
写作指导
1.文章结构
(1)首段：注意客气礼貌
a.自我介绍；
b.引出投诉内容；
c.表明目的要求。
(2)主体：展开说明投诉原因、具体理由或后果，注意内容充实，符合交际习惯。
详细说明情况，中肯提出问题；
提出改进建议，表明希望如何解决；
拓展题目内容，尤其要强调问题不解决所带来的后果。
(3)尾段：提出解决方案，不用展开，注意公平、公正、礼貌原则。
表达强烈愿望，希望上述问题得到迅速恰当的解决；
有时可就问题的解决限定时间；
对有关人员的努力表示感谢；
希望尽快得到满意答复。
2.常用表达
(1)首段
①I am sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a serious complaint.　很抱歉打扰您，但我必须郑重提出投诉。
②I am sorry to tell you that there should be cause to complain about...
我很遗憾地告诉你投诉有关……的事由。
③I really hate to complain, but one thing is really disturbing now.　我真的很讨厌抱怨，但最近有一件事情确实令人烦心。
(2)主体
①It arrived on time the day before yesterday. But when I checked it, I found a hole in the middle. I was astonished because the hole was obvious and I didn’t think you should neglect this deficiency(缺陷).
它是前天按时到的。但是当我检查时，我发现中间有个洞。我很震惊，因为这个洞很明显，我认为你们不应该忽略这个缺陷。
②I have dialed your service number for several times but it was always busy.
我多次拨打你们的服务电话，但它总是占线。
③Now this problem keeps worrying me.
现在这个问题一直在困扰我。
④To improve the situation, you can take the following measures.　为了改善状况，你们可以采取下面的措施。
你们可以尽快给我换件新的吗？
⑥I insist you change a new one for me or give me a refund(退款)．　我坚持你们给我换件新的或者给我退款。
(3)尾段
①I think it’s high time that you realized...
我认为是你认识到……的时候了。
②We know that you are not generally careless, but we should like your assurance that this will not happen again.
我们深知你们并不经常出错，但我们希望能确保这类差错不再发生。
③ I must warn you that unless you do something about the situation, I will be forced to take legal action.
我必须警告贵方，除非对目前状况采取措施，否则我将被迫诉诸法律。
④Frankly, I am not prepared to put up with the situation any more.　坦率地说，我不再准备继续忍受这种状况。
　
⑤I would be very grateful if you could look into the matter as soon as possible. And I am looking forward to an early reply.
如果您能尽快调查此事，我将不胜感激。期待您尽快回复。
3.写作流程图


4.投诉信写作模板
Dear________，
①I am ________(自我介绍)．②I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about________.
③The reason for my dissatisfaction is ________(总体介绍)．④In the first place, ________(抱怨的第一个方面)．⑤In addition，________(抱怨的第二个方面)．⑥Under these circumstances, I find it ________(感觉)to________(抱怨的方面给你带来的后果).
⑦I appreciate it very much if you could ________(提出建议和请求), preferably ________(进一步的要求), and I would like to have this matter settled by ________(设定解决事情的最后期限)．⑧Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
________
【跟踪训练】
假如你是李华，因业务到广州出差，于5月3日至5日住在一家知名酒店5016房间，空调不能调温，也关不上，找服务员处理，他不但不予处理，还耻笑你。你找经理解决，她答应解决，但始终没人修理。请你写一封投诉信，就此种情况进行投诉。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to you to complain about your hotel.I had a terrible stay in room 5016 of your hotel from the 3rd to the 5th of May, when I came to Guangzhou on business.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Sir/Madam,__
I__am__writing__to__you__to__complain__about__your__hotel.I__had__a__terrible__stay__in__room__5016__of__your__hotel__from__the__3rd__to__the__5th__of__May,__when__I__came__to__Guangzhou__on__business.
The air­conditioning in my room could not be turned down or switched off.When I asked the reception staff to do something about it, he laughed and told me it was better than being hot.I asked your front of house manager and she told me she would send someone to my room immediately.No one came.As a result, I was very cold every time I was in the room.
In future, I will not be staying at your hotel again and will inform my business associates of the terrible service.
Yours__faithfully,__
Li__Hua
(三)建议信
典题感悟
参考范文
　　假设你是李明，你的外籍同学Mike对于新高考的选课有一些疑虑，请根据以下要点写一封信，给Mike提几点选课建议，内容包括：
1.考虑大学招生要求和未来发展；
2.考虑自身兴趣和特长；
3.多了解相关信息。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
Dear Mike，
I heard you’ve had problems with the course selection.Here are some tips that may help.
Some universities have different standards for prospective students，including which subject they should learn during high school.So you are advised to take university requirements and your future development into consideration.Additionally，it is quite good if you can decide your own future path based on your interests and advantages.For more information，you’d better access some related websites.
I hope my advice can help you make a wise decision.
Sincerely yours，
Li Ming
写作指导

1.写作要点
(1)建议信的内容：作者就有关问题进行分析，并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议。
(2)建议信的对象：①写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点；②写给某个组织和机构，就改进其服务提出建议或忠告。
注意：建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、理由充足，具有合理性和说服力。语气和用词要恰当，如果收信人是长者，则宜采用严谨、谦虚、正式的语言；如果对方是亲密的朋友，语言就可以亲切自然一些。
2.文章结构
(1)开门见山，点明写信的目的是提建议。
(2)讲清楚提建议的理由及应采取的具体措施，层次分明。
(3)呼应开头，指出所提建议的意义，并发出号召或提出希望，礼貌结束全文。
3.常用表达
(1)开头
①I’d like to give you some advice on the problem you are faced with.
②I am writing to express my views concerning...
③It is my pleasure to offer you some advice on...
(2)正文
①My suggestions are as follows.
②May I suggest that you...
③I really hope that...
④What about...？
⑤How about...？
⑥If I were you, I would...
⑦It would be better if...
⑧When it comes to such a situation, I would like to suggest that you...
(3)结束语
①If you could take what I suggest seriously, you would...
②If you can take my suggestions into consideration，...
③I hope they will be helpful.
④I hope you will find these proposals/ideas helpful/useful.
4.写作流程图


5.建议信写作模板
Dear__________，
①I am writing to you to...It is my pleasure to ________(表明写作意图).
②As__________， __________is getting more and more important./Nowadays, there is a growing concern on __________(阐明现象)．③As __________， I am writing this letter to express my view concerning__________(引出建议).
④The main problem in ________ is that __________(建议的原因)．⑤I really hope that ________．Another suggestion is to __________(阐述建议的具体内容)．⑥I ____________(表达愿望).
⑦Thank you! I hope you will find my suggestions helpful.(表示感谢)
Yours sincerely，
________
【跟踪训练】
(2019·浙江九校一模)假如你是Mary，你的好友陈洁最近因为考试频率过高，课业繁重，感到身体不适，严重影响了学习。因此，她发e­mail给你，寻求你的建议和帮助。请你根据以下要点提示予以回复。
内容要点：
1．健康合理的饮食；
2．有规律且适度的运动；
3．……
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chen Jie，
I feel so sorry to hear that you are feeling bad these days.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Mary
One possible version：
Dear__Chen__Jie，
I__feel__so__sorry__to__hear__that__you__are__feeling__bad__these__days. In your letter you asked me how to stay healthy and keep attentive in class. The following are my suggestions.
Healthy eating habits are very important. So you’d better have your meals on time and keep a balanced diet. Then, taking morning exercise every day is a nice choice, which helps to build up your body. You can do some sports to refresh yourself if weather permits. Finally, don’t stay up too late; otherwise you’ll suffer a lot every night.
I believe it would be beneficial if you could follow my suggestions. Hope you’ll feel well soon.
Yours__sincerely,__
Mary

(四)邀请信

典题感悟
参考范文
　　假定你是李华，得知外教Mr. Hall寒假不回国，想邀请他到你家过春节。 请给他写一封信，内容包括：
1.时间；
2.一同过节的家人；
3.活动。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Dear Mr. Hall，
I hear that you’re not going to go back to your country in the coming winter vocation, so I’m writing to invite you to spend the Spring Festival with my family together.
If you considerately accept my invitation, I’ll ask my parents to pick you up next Monday and drive you straight to my house where my brother, sister and grandparents will all be in.The Spring Festival plays a significant role in every Chinese life, so various activities are indispensable in adding flavor to the festival. We’ll have a big feast together, gathering around the table and praying for next year’s good luck. After the meal, a lucky charm red envelope which contains lucky money will be given to everyone and some lucky words are said to each other. Everything will overflow with happiness then.
I sincerely hope that you can accept my earnest invitation and can reply to me at your earliest convenience.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作指导
1.写作要点
邀请信是邀请亲朋好友或知名人士、专家等参加某项活动时所发的邀约性书信。在国际交往以及日常的各种社交活动中，这类书信使用广泛。
2.文章结构
一般邀请信具有简短、热情的特点。格式一般为：
(1)首段： 开门见山说明写作目的；
(2)具体交代情景：包括受邀请的人，邀请朋友干什么、地点以及具体的时间等内容，并且强调为什么邀请收信人而不是别的朋友；
(3)尾段：再次盛情邀请；表示期待朋友的回复。
3.常用表达
(1)第一部分：说明写作目的
①It is with the greatest pleasure that I write to eagerly invite you to...
我怀着极其愉快的心情给您写信，诚恳地邀请您来……
②It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you to...
十分高兴能邀请您来……
③We should be very grateful if you could...
如果您能……我们将不胜感激。
(2)第二部分：说明事由及活动地点和时间
①Will you and Mrs. Smith give the pleasure of dining with us at the Beijing Hotel on Sunday, October the tenth, at eight o’clock？
10月10日星期天晚上8点您和史密斯夫人能来北京饭店与我们共进晚餐吗？
续　表

写作指导
②There will be a dinner party to be held at the Beijing Hotel on Sunday, October the tenth, at eight o’clock. Will you and Mrs. Smith come and join us？
10月10日星期天晚上8点我们在北京饭店举办晚宴，届时您和史密斯夫人能光临吗？
③I hope that you have no previous engagement and can join us for the English Evening at 7：00 p．m. on February 1st.
若您无其他安排，敬请光临我们在2月1日晚7点举办的英语晚会。
(3)第三部分：表示期待和感谢
①I do hope that you will be able to come.
殷切希望您能够光临。
②We should be very pleased if you could honor us with your company.
如果您能出席我们将欣喜万分。
4.写作流程图


5.邀请信写作模板
Dear ________，
①There will be a ________(内容)at/in________(地点)on ________(时间)．②We would be honored to have you there with us.
③The occasion will start at ________(具体时间)．④This will be followed by a________(进一步的安排)．⑤At around________(时间), ________(另一个安排).
⑥I really hope you can make it.⑦RSVP before ________(通知你的最后期限).
Yours sincerely,
________
【跟踪训练】
假定你是李华，你校外教Smith任教期满即将回国，你们班同学将于明晚7点至9点在校礼堂为其举办一场特别的聚会。请你代表全班同学给Smith老师发一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。
注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数)；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Smith，
We are all sorry to hear that you will leave our school.______________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
We are looking forward to seeing you.
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Smith，
We__are__all____sorry__to__hear__that__you__will__leave__our__school.On behalf of my classmates，I appreciate all you have done to improve our English and to enable us to learn more about the outside world.You have really made a great difference to our lives.
To show our great love for you，we’re planning a special gathering，and I sincerely hope that you won’t miss it.It’ll be held from seven to nine tomorrow evening at the school hall.Besides，we have prepared some interesting programs for the party.
We__are__looking__forward__to__seeing__you.
Yours，
Li__Hua
(五)道歉信
典题感悟
参考范文
　　假定你是李明，前几天由于感冒发烧未能完成英语老师Mr. Chen布置的作业，请给他写一封信说明情况。内容包括：
1.表达歉意；2.说明原因；3.保证补交作业。
注意：1.词数80左右，信的抬头和落款已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr.Chen，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming
Dear__Mr.Chen，
I’m sorry to tell you I didn’t manage to finish the homework you assigned the other day，due to a sudden cold falling upon me.I was in hospital with a continuous fever，which thus prevented me from engaging in any academic activity.
I’d appreciate it if you could grant me another two days for the task，as my health is getting better.I promise I’ll finish it in time.Hoping you can understand my situation and accept my apology.
Yours__sincerely，
Li__Ming
续　表

写作指导
　　日常生活中难免会出现一些差错，如失约、损坏东西等。遇到这种情形，应及时写信致歉，以消除不必要的误解，维系正常的关系。道歉信除应及时写之外，还必须写得诚恳，歉意应发自内心，决不可敷衍塞责。再则，事情原委要解释清楚，措辞应当委婉贴切。
1.道歉信结构
道歉信通常包括三部分内容：
(1)表示歉意，道歉的原因；
(2)出现差错的原因，提出弥补措施；
(3)请求原谅。语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实。好的道歉信不仅会取得对方的谅解，还会增进彼此的感情。
2.道歉信中开头段常用句式和套话
I am writing this letter to express my regret...
我写这封信是想表达我的遗憾……
I am writing to apologize for...　我写信是为……道歉。
I would like to give you my apology for...
我想为……向你道歉。
I am very sorry to say that...　我很抱歉……
I must apologize about (not) doing sth...
对于做了/没做……，我必须道歉。
Please accept my sincere apology for...
请接受我对于……的真诚道歉。
I am writing to say sorry for...
我写信是想对……说抱歉。
I am terribly sorry, but...　我很抱歉，但是……
3.道歉信中结尾段常用句式和套话
Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.
我对于所造成的任何不便再次道歉。
Please allow me to say sorry again.
请允许我再一次说抱歉。
Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.　希望你们能够接受我的道歉，理解我的处境。
I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.　我真诚地希望你能够站在我的位置想一想，并且接受我的道歉。
I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.
我想让你知道我现在感觉多么的遗憾。
I am sorry that I can’t... but trust that you will be able to understand.　很抱歉我不能……，但我相信，你会理解的。
4.道歉信写作模板
模板1
Dear ________，
①I am truly sorry that ________(道歉的原因)．②The reason is that ________(介绍原因).
③Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. ④Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.
Yours sincerely，
________
模板2
Dear ________，
I am excessively sorry to say/tell you that ①________(直接表达自己不能实现先前的愿望或约定). ②Now, I am writing you this letter of apology to show my deep regret ________(表达歉意). ③Please accept my sincere apology ________(诚恳希望对方能接受道歉). ④I fear you are displeased at ________(表达出自己的心情，并请求对方原谅)．⑤I hope you will understand me and excuse me for ________(过渡句). ⑥Let me explain(开始介绍道歉的原因). ⑦The reason for my delay/absence was that ________(阐述自己当时的处境和情况). ⑧I had no way out because ________(总结自己道歉的原因). ⑨Therefore it’s not in my power to ________(表明自己的被动). ⑩Naturally, I want to suggest ________(希望下次再次实现愿望). I shall be obliged if you will kindly write and tell me when and where you ________(约定下次约会的时间和地点).
We may meet again and I hope to see you soon.
Sincerely yours，
________
写好道歉信的关键在于措辞要朴实委婉，语气要诚恳真挚，解释要详细明了。例如：“much to my regret”，“I’m excessively sorry”，“a feeling of deep regret”都是致歉之词，这就恰如其分地表达了写信人的真诚歉意。
【跟踪训练】
假设你是李华，你所在的学校的美国交流生David邀请你周末跟他朋友一起去露营。但是你舅舅一家周末要来你们家，所以你不能前往，请你给David写封道歉信。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__David，
How are you？Thank you for your invitation to go hiking and camping with your friends this weekend.Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I cannot join you and your friends, because my uncle is visiting us this weekend. I haven’t seen my cousin for a long time so I think I’d better stay at home and show my cousin around.
I feel terribly sorry for missing such a happy get­together, and I hope that all of you enjoy a good time.With my sincere apology and thanks for your generosity, please send my regards to your friends.
Yours，
Li__Hua
(六)感谢信

典题感悟
参考范文
　　人生得意事，金榜题名时。此时的你，一定想和老师分享这份喜悦和感谢老师多年的辛苦栽培。假如你叫李华，得知自己考入北京大学之后，想要给外教John写一封英文信，内容包括：
1.分享喜讯；
2.感谢帮助；
3.给予评价和祝福；
4.谈谈今后的打算。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear John，
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Dear__John，
I’m now extremely excited to tell you that I have been admitted into Beijing University.Here I would like to say “millions of thanks” to you for helping me with my English during the past several years.You are one of the best teachers I have ever met.I still remember that you kept on working when you fell ill，which moved me deeply.I will never forget what you have taught me and make every effort to enrich my knowledge and improve my abilities at university so that I can serve the society well in the future.
Best wishes！
Yours__sincerely，
Li__Hua
写作指导
　　 感谢信是重要的礼仪文书，是向帮助、关心和支持过自己的集体或个人表示感谢的专业书信，有感谢和表扬双重意思。
感谢信的写法没有固定的格式，目的是为他人给予自己的帮助、安慰、款待以及赠送礼物等而表示感谢。
感谢信最主要的特点是真诚。缺乏真挚的感情答谢他人，收信人将对你的谢意产生怀疑，也就达不到感谢的目的。因此，写感谢信首先得真心诚意。感谢信另一个特点是具体。写感谢信切忌泛泛而谈，而应着重于具体的感谢事由。
1.感谢信的写作格式主要分以下三个部分：
(1)开头部分要明确对对方提供的帮助或赠送的礼物表示谢意；
(2)主体部分则需列举对方提供的帮助，说明该帮助所起的作用，或表达对所收礼物的喜爱以及以后如何使用及收藏等；
(3)结尾部分需再次表达诚挚的谢意并问候对方。
2.有序组织要点
首先，应当友善地对对方的生活表示关心；其次，应明确陈述写信的目的，即致谢；然后，应肯定对方的帮助恰到好处；最后，应对对方给予的帮助再次表示感谢并表示良好的祝愿。
3.灵活把握时态
感谢信的正文中的时态灵活多变。通常，在提到对方曾经所给予的帮助时，应用过去时态；在提到对方的帮助所产生的实际效果时，可以使用现在完成时态；在涉及到现状时，应用一般现在时；在表达祝愿或希望时，使用一般将来时态。
4.运用规范的语言
感谢信有其自身的特色语言，在行文的每一个环节也有一些常用句型。另外表示从对方的帮助中获益时，可以用多种句型表达，要让句式灵活多样，这样更能增强表达效果。
5.表达感激之情
感谢信的主要目的在于向对方致谢，因此语言要诚挚、友善；在信的开头和结尾部分一般会使用Thank you very much for your kindness and deep concern或Thanks again and wish you all the best之类的语言表达感激之情。
6.感谢信开头和文中常用表达：
I am deeply grateful to you for your kind help.
I can never thank you enough for the favor you did.
I thank you from the bottom of my heart for your kindness.
I have no words to thank you enough.
Thank you very much for...
I am writing this letter to thank you for...
I am writing to express my sincere thanks for...
I feel greatly indebted to you for...
I really do not know how to express my gratitude for your help.
I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for...
I am writing to tell you how greatly I appreciate all you have done for me...
I don’t know how to thank you for your kindness to me.
I warmly appreciate for your hospitality.
We are indebted to you for your help.
With deepest gratitude I write you here few lines.
I am extremely grateful to you for your kind help.
I am much obliged to you for your kind assistance.
I really appreciate your timely assistance.
I am writing to express my gratitude for many kind deeds you have done for me.
It is very considerate and generous of you to make such a good arrangement.
Words fail me when I try to express the degree of my gratitude to you.
续　表
写作指导
7.感谢信结尾常用表达：
Thanks again！
I do appreciate it.
I appreciate more than I can say.
I must thank you again for your generous help.
My true gratitude is beyond the word’s description.
I feel most obliged to thank you once more.
I am most grateful for your selfless donation.
Please accept my gratitude as always.
My thanks to you for your kindness and assistance when I．..—and my love for you, always！
Be pleased to accept my warmest thanks for the great kindness you have shown to me.
8.感谢信写作模板
Dear ________，
How about your life/study/work? I’m writing to express my thanks for your ________(感谢的原因). If it had not been your assistance in ________(对方给你的具体帮助), I fear that I would have been ________(没有对方帮助时的后果).
During the ________， you gave me generous help and continuous guidance by ________. First, you ________．What’s more, you ________. There is still one thing that I can’t forget. That is ________. (原因)
Thanks a lot for your kindness again. (再次致谢)
Give my best regards to ________. (祝愿)
Yours sincerely，
________
【跟踪训练】
假如你是一名失学儿童，名叫李华，你有幸得到在中国工作的Mr.Brown的资助，可以重返校园。请你给Mr.Brown写一封信，内容如下：
1．收到钱和书后能重返校园，非常感激；
2．在老师的帮助下，学习有了很大的进步，受到老师的表扬和鼓励；
3．决心更加努力学习，取得更大的进步。
注意：1.书信应包括以上所有要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．词数80左右。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Mr.Brown，
I am writing to express my deepest gratitude for the money and books you sent me.I could not have returned to school without your help.Thank you so much.
I have been working hard since I went back to school.My teachers often praise me and encourage me, with the help of whom I have made great progress in my studies.I have made up my mind to study harder and make greater progress.
Thank you again for your generous help and best wishes!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
(七)推荐信
典题感悟
参考范文
　　假定你是李华，听闻国外某网站要在全球范围内评选“The Most Qualified Student”(最美中学生)，请你用英语给该网站写一封推荐信。内容包括：
1.介绍被推荐人(林扬)的基本信息；
2.说明推荐理由。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Dear Editor，
I’m a senior high school student and I happened to hear that your website was hosting an activity to select The Most Qualified Student. It is a great honour for me to introduce to you one of my best friends, Lin Yang.
First of all, he, who is among the most diligent students in our school, not only studies hard, but also behaves well. Secondly, he stands out for his diverse hobbies, including painting and playing the violin. Last but not least, he is warm­hearted and willing to help others in need.
Therefore, I recommend him to you with all my heart and I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
写作指导
　　推荐信是指向用人单位推荐优秀人才或向自己的熟人和朋友介绍某人去做某事，以便使之采纳的专用书信。
1.文章结构
第一段：应该说明你和被推荐人的关系，包括你是怎么认识他/她的，还有你写这封推荐信的资格。
　 第二段：应该包括被推荐人的个人信息，说明他/她的资格、能力，还有你为他/她写推荐信的理由。如果有必要的话，可以分几段来描述细节。
第三段：你可以在这段中写一些与这个被推荐者综合素质有关的内容。总而言之，可以是这个人负责任、有礼貌、热情之类的特点。最后，你可以发表一下关于对这个人是否能胜任他将要寻找的工作的意见。

续　表
写作指导
2.推荐信的常用表达：
(1)开头句：说明写作目的
I am writing to you to recommend...for...
I take great pleasure in recommending to you...as...
I would like to present...for your consideration in your search for...
I would like to recommend to you...
It is a great honor for me to recommend to you...
I take the pleasure in recommending to you...
With reference to your requirements, I shall, without reservation, recommend ... as an ideal candidate.
(2)结尾句：总结说明
I am confident/convinced that ...
I strongly recommend him to you with no reservation.
Therefore, I do not hesitate to recommend her as an ideal candidate for the post you advertised.
If he can join your company, he will give full play to his talent. And your company will also be greatly benefited. So I strongly recommend...to you.
I hope you can give him a chance. I believe he will make a great contribution to your company.
I hope that you would take my recommendation into consideration/account.　
3.推荐信写作模板
Dear ________，
I take the pleasure in recommending to you __________(被推荐的人或物)．I hope you will be interested in ________(him/her).
There are several reasons why I think ________ is a good choice. Firstly, ________(理由一). Secondly, ________(理由二). Last but not least, ________(理由三).
In a word, ________(总结). I would be most grateful if you would like to consider my recommendation.
Yours truly，
________
【跟踪训练】
假如你是王林。请写一封80词左右的推荐信向你同学布朗先生推荐你的好友李明到他公司工作。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
李明简况：
毕业于北京工业大学。他是一个热情、积极上进、具有很大潜力的年轻人。他的专业是计算机软件。在四年的学习中，他的功课非常优秀。每年他都获得一等奖学金，而且他已经获得了优秀毕业生的称号。
Dear Mr. Brown,
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
I strongly recommend him to your company.
Yours,
Wang Lin
One possible version：
Dear__Mr.Brown，
It is my pleasure to recommend Li Ming, my good friend, for his application to work in your company.Li Ming graduated from Beijing Industry University.His major is Computer Software.During the four years’ study he has done a good job.Every year he got the first grade scholarship.And he also has got the title of the Excellent Graduate.
He is an enthusiastic and progressive young man with high potentiality.He is not only quick at learning but also good at solving difficult problems.I am sure that it will benefit your company if he can work for it.
I__strongly__recommend__him__to__your__company.
Yours，
Wang__Lin
(八)祝贺信

典题感悟
参考范文
　　假定你是李华，得知你的外国笔友Peter获得了“汉语桥”世界大学生中文演讲比赛一等奖。你为他感到骄傲，并给他写一封祝贺信，要点如下：
1.天天练习讲汉语，从不会到流利，终于成功；
2.希望见面和交流。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头语和结束语已为你写好，但不计入总词数。
　　参考词汇：“汉语桥”世界大学生中文演讲比赛 “Chinese Bridge” Chinese speech contest
Dear Peter，
________________________________________________________________________
Sincere congratulations to you again！
Yours，
Li Hua
Dear__Peter，
I would like to express my congratulations to you on your receiving the first prize of “Chinese Bridge” Chinese speech contest.
I know that you were not good at Chinese at first. However, you practiced speaking Chinese every day. As the saying goes, “Everything comes to him who waits”. Finally, you succeeded! In my mind, this match is very difficult for a foreign student. So I’m so surprised that you become champion of this competition.
At last, I hope to see you and communicate with each other.
Sincere__congratulations__to__you__again！
Yours，
Li__Hua
续　表
写作指导
　　日常生活中，无论是亲朋好友毕业、晋升、获奖、开业、还是订婚、结婚、生日，都需要写上一封信表示祝贺。信中应表示为对方高兴。祝贺信应当充满真诚和热情，收信人读后会感到喜悦和振奋。祝贺信既可以正式写，也可以随便写，具体视场合而定。对不太熟悉的朋友适合正式写，以表示礼貌和尊重；对熟悉的朋友则可以随便一些。但无论采用哪种方式，祝贺信必须表达由衷的感情，而且写信要及时。
1.祝贺信常用表达：
With very best wishes for a happy new year！
May you come into a good fortune！
Wishing you peace, joy and happiness through Christmas and the coming year.
Best wishes for a happy birthday and a year of good luck, good health and happiness.
Best wishes and hope you will have nothing but joy and happiness in your life together.
Congratulations on your success in the national college entrance examination.
Allow me to offer my heartiest congratulations on your new job.
Congratulations on your recent promotion. I know that you will make good in your new job because you thrive on responsibility.
2.祝贺信写作模板
Dear ________，
I have learned with delight that you ________. (获悉值得祝贺的消息，说出祝贺事由)I would like to extend to you my congratulations on ________．(表达祝贺)
You must be very proud of your ________．(描述对方的心情)And I feel very happy for you.(表达自己的心情)________ is quite exciting news！(被祝贺人所取得的成绩)You are really ________．(对对方的赞美)I know this is surely owing to ________．(对方取得成绩的原因) It is a reward you richly deserve for your ________．(对对方取得成绩的肯定，说出被祝贺人的优点)With your ________， I am sure that you will be a success in whatever you undertake.(被祝贺人的优秀品质，表达对对方的祝福)
Kindly let me know when you ________．(咨询对方的情况和时间)I hope ________．(表达愿望)My best wishes for your further success.(表达自己真诚的祝福)
Sincerely yours，
________　
【跟踪训练】
假如你是李华，你的好友魏芳在中学生英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容，给她写一封祝贺信。
内容包括：
1．表达你的愉悦心情；
2．向她表示祝贺；
3．请她介绍成功的经验。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：英语演讲比赛the English Speech Contest
Dear Wei Fang，
________________________________________________________________________
I will be grateful if you can write me back and give me your advice. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Wei__Fang，
I hear that you have won first prize in the English Speech Contest of Middle School Students, so I’m writing to give my sincere congratulations.
You don’t know how excited I was when I heard the good news. As your best friend, I am proud of you! Your pronunciation and fluent English left me with deep impression. It came as no surprise to me that you won the contest. Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning.
I__will__be__grateful__if__you__can__write__me__back__and__give__me__your__advice.__I__am__looking__forward__to__your__early__reply.
Yours，
Li__Hua
(九)申请信
典题感悟
参考范文
　　假如你是李华，从网上看到了美国的一家“孔子学院”在中国招聘教学助理的广告，欢迎中国学生参加。请用英语给该校负责人Miss Lee发一封电子邮件申请参加。内容主要包括：
1.自我介绍(兴趣、特长)；
2.参加意图；
3.希望获准。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
Dear Miss Lee，
I’m writing to apply for a position working as a teaching assistant in your school as is advertised on the Internet. I am longing to get this job to better qualify myself and help others as well.
For me，Chinese is my mother tongue and I’m excellent in it.Besides, having learned English for 9 years, I’m rather proficient in both spoken and written English. And I’m willing to help foreigners learn Chinese language and culture.
I’d appreciate your consideration of my application.Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua

续　表
写作指导
　　申请信有很多种，比如求职申请、加入某组织或活动的申请、报考申请、留学申请等，其目的在于让对方了解自己的经验、能力、成就以及愿望等，所以个人情况的介绍应该是申请信的核心内容，应尽可能地向对方说明自己的长处，以便留下好印象，获得面试的机会。由于此类题目常有较多的文字提示，写作时除应注意格式上的要求外，也应注意审题全面，不能遗漏要点，并要注意人称和时态的变化，避免出现逻辑混乱。
1.常用表达：
I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for...
我写信告知您我对您近来广告上登出的招聘……的职位的信息感兴趣。
I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire a/an...
我在报纸上看到你们公司要招聘一名……
I have the education and the experience that fit your advertised position.
我受的教育和拥有的经验符合你广告上登出的招聘职位的要求。
I am confident that I’m suitable for.../I’m qualified to do.../I’m equal to doing...
我确信，我适合……/我有做……的资格。/我能胜任做……
I work hard and I can get along/on well with others.
我工作努力，能和别人友好相处。
I’m good at English and my spoken English is fairly good.
我擅长英语，我的口语相当好。
I can understand English and I can talk to foreigners in English freely.
我懂英语，还能自如地用英语和外国人谈话。
　If you think I am the perfect person for the job, please write to me or call me.
如果你认为我是这个工作的最佳人选，请给我写信或打电话。
I would be very grateful if you could offer me the necessary forms and any information about...
如果您能给我提供必要的表格和有关……的任何信息，我将不胜感激。
I’ll appreciate it if I am offered the chance. I am sure I can be of great help for you.
如果能得到这个机会，我将不胜感激。我确信我能对你有所帮助。
2.写作流程图：

3.申请信写作模板：
Dear Sir/Madam，
I’m ________．(简单自我介绍) When I was reading the advertisement，________．(表达看到相关广告后的感受) I think it’s a good opportunity for me to ________．(应聘的原因)Therefore, I recommend myself to you without hesitation.
I ________．(陈述本人的性格优势)For one thing, I can ________．(陈述本人特长一) For another thing, I can __________．(陈述本人特长二)
Please contact me at ________ (你的联系方式一：电话号码). Or email me at ________(你的联系方式二：电子邮箱).
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【跟踪训练】
假定你是李明，你校学生会正在招募中英文化交流志愿者，为来你校访问的英国朋友提供志愿者服务。你想成为其中一员，请根据下列要求用英语写一封申请信，内容包括：
1．对志愿者工作的认识；
2．你能承担的工作及理由。
注意：1.词数80左右，开头已给出，但不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir，
I’m Li Ming.I am eager to be a volunteer for China­UK cultural exchanges.___________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Ming
One possible version：
Dear__Sir，
I’m__Li__Ming.I__am__eager__to__be__a__volunteer__for__China­UK__cultural__exchanges.As for me，being a volunteer is a way to spread love and strengthen the relationship between the two nations.Meanwhile，it can bring out the best qualities in me by helping foreign friends，thus making myself a better person.
With a good command of English and great patience，I will make a good guide for foreign friends.Besides，I’ve worked as a voluntary guide before，so I know what to expect and how to deal with the possible problems.
Hope my application will meet with your approval.
Yours，
Li__Ming
　日　记
日记是用来记录一天中所发生的有意义的、值得记录的事件。在日记中，人们会对事件发表议论，阐述一下自己的态度或体会。日记中所记录的事情可以是自己的直接经历也可以是描述他人的事情。日记的种类有很多种，从体裁角度，可以分为记事型日记和议论型日记。记事型日记是以某种顺序描述某一件事情发生发展的过程。而议论型日记是针对当天的某一事件或某一现象表明自己的看法或态度。
日记的篇章结构可以从以下几个角度入手：首先要对所发生的事件或现象进行描述。按照事件发展的先后顺序进行，适当添加对天气或景物或心情的描述。其次要发表感想或议论，针对事件进行感悟或议论性的描述，以使文章有所立意。最后要对未来提出展望或推测，或表示决心、态度、观点、意图、希望等。
典题感悟
参考范文
　　假设你叫李华，在星期天(12月6日)与同学刘韵一起去参观了湖南省博物馆，请根据下列要点写一篇日记，并发表自己的感想。
1.早上8点与刘韵一起坐车到了博物馆；
2.博物馆不收取门票；
3.参观了著名的马王堆汉墓以及其他文物；
4.你的感想。
注意：1.不要逐条翻译，注意行文连贯；
2.词数80左右。
参考词汇：湖南省博物馆Hunan Provincial Museum;
马王堆汉墓Mawangdui Han Tombs
________________________________________________________________________
December 6th, Sunday Sunny
Today my classmate Liu Yun and I paid a visit to Hunan Provincial Museum. We arrived there at 8 o’clock in the morning. To our delight, the museum is free of charge.
We spent a whole morning walking around the museum and enjoyed the exhibitions very much, especially the Mawangdui Han Tombs.
In addition, we saw many cultural relics in the museum, such as paintings in Ming and Qing dynasties.
We had a good day in the museum, which not only enriched our knowledge but also led us through history to appreciate the mystery and magnificence of Chinese civilization.
写作指导
　　日记是用来叙述一天生活中所发生的事情或用来抒发自己对当天某些事情的感受以及将来的打算的一种应用文体。写好英文日记要注意以下几点：
1.日记的格式：主要指日期、天气情况和正文。日期一般写在正文的左上角，它包括年、月、日和星期几，天气情况一般写在正文的右上角。
(1)日期表达有多种形式。年、月、日都写时，通常以月、日、年为顺序，月份可以缩写，日和年用逗号隔开。例如：
①September 1，2018或September 1st，2018也可省略写成Sept. 1，2018或Sept. 1st，2018；the 1st of September in 2018(月份不可以缩写)
②只有月、日：September 1或September 1st(月份可以缩写)
③只有年、月：September 2018或the September of 2018(月份不可以缩写)
以上的1或1st都应读作the first。
(2)星期也可以省略不写，可将其放在日期前或后，星期也可缩写。如： Sunday, October 21st, 2018；October 21st，2018 Sunday。
(3)天气情况必不可少。天气一般用一个形容词如：Sunny, Fine, Rainy, Snowy 等表示。写在日期之后，位于日记的右上角。
2.日记的时态：由于日记是对当天所发生事情的回顾，故常用一般过去时。在发表议论或感想时，也可使用现在完成时或一般将来时。
3.日记的人称：因为日记是记载自己的亲身经历，故应用第一人称，语言尽量口语化，按照事情发生的先后顺序，清楚、准确、连贯地把事情表达出来。
4.日记一般按事情发生的先后顺序记述，所以常需借助一些表示先后顺序的词语，如at first, then, later on, afterwards, finally, at last等。一定要注意句与句、段与段之间的连接和过渡，适当使用一些过渡词语使其连接紧凑、过渡自然。
5.确立日记的中心要点，尽量突出主题，可以通过对某个细节、某个侧面的描写来突出主题，千万不要写成一个流水账。
【跟踪训练】
根据下面的提示，写一则日记。
1．日期：3月26日、星期五
2．天气：多云
3．今天下午上课的时候，你总是开小差，因为总是想着晚上8点要去看电影。但在放学回家的路上，你遇到了一个迷路的孩子，你把他送回了家。你虽然没有能够看上电影，但是心里却十分高兴。
4．词数：80左右。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Friday, March 26Cloudy
This afternoon, I was often absent­minded in class because I was eager to see the new film, which would be shown at 8：00 p．m.
On the way home, I saw a little child standing by the roadside crying. Obviously, he had lost his way.Forgetting all about the film, I went up to him and sent him home.His parents were very glad to find their lost child back and thanked me again and again.
I missed the film.However, I felt very happy.
　海　报
海报是应用文中的一种文体， 它是一种精心修饰的宣传告示， 内容多是以大众喜闻乐见的消息， 如影讯、展览、演出信息、友谊赛等为主。为了尽可能使更多的人看到， 海报是贴在人来人往而且非常醒目的位置或固定的宣传栏内， 有时还配以绘画图案及照片等吸引观众。

典题感悟
参考范文
　　根据下面提示为“绿叶”有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。
1.坐落在城西；
2.历经20年已经发展成占地1 000多亩的大农场；
3.配备有现代化的设施；
4.生产过程中不使用任何化肥；
5.富含营养；
6.产品出口几十个国家；
7.联系方式：Tel：666­888­123；E­mail：GreenLeaf@GreenLeaf.com。
________________________________________________________________________
Have you ever dreamt of eating green vegetables without chemical fertilizer every day? Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.
Located in the west of the city，it has expanded to a farm covering an area of more than 1，000 mu in the past two decades.It has been equipped with advanced facilities.What makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer.The rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition; as a result, it is exported into many countries in the world.
If you are interested, please contact us in the following ways.
Tel: 666­888­123.
E­mail：GreenLeaf@GreenLeaf.com.　
________________________________________________________________________
写作指导
1.海报的写法
(1)海报不需要太多的修饰语。应开门见山， 直奔主题。
(2)正确使用人称、时态和语态。海报一般用第三人称， 邀请性的语句用第二人称；时态多为一般现在时。
(3)海报一定要有明确的时间、地点和主要活动内容。
(4)注意海报的语言特征。文中可以用些鼓动性的词语， 但不可夸大事实；海报文字要求简洁明了， 篇幅要短小精悍。
2.海报的结构
海报一般由标题、正文和落款三部分组成。
　(1)海报的标题是海报最显眼的一部分，其写法较多，可单独在第一行中间写上“海报”字样；一般写在海报上方正中处，也可直接用活动的内容作题目标题可以反映海报的核心内容，如Football Match，Lecture，Film News等，也可直接写POSTER。
(2)海报的正文要写明具体活动内容、时间、地点，以及规定、要求、组织者等。海报内容的表现形式比较自由，根据实际情况和表达效果的需要可以成一段落，也可逐项按行说明。
(3)落款。海报要写明主办单位名称以及发出海报的日期。海报的署名一般在右下角，日期在署名的下一行。正文已把有关内容写清楚了，可以不设结尾。有的结尾还加上一些吸引人的口号。如“售完即止！勿失良机”之类。
【跟踪训练】
假如你们学校邀请了俞敏洪本周五来学校给同学们做演讲， 请你以学校学生会主席的名义， 依据下列要点， 写一张英文海报：
要点：1.简要介绍俞敏洪(新东方学校创始人， 北京大学毕业等)；
2．演讲主题(中文和英文的异同);
3．其他事项(演讲的地点、注意事项等)。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Boys and Girls,
I have a piece of good news to tell you! It is a great honor for our school to invite Yu Minhong to give us a lecture

this Friday, whose topic is__________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
Mar. 2，2018
One possible version：
Boys__and__Girls,__
I__have__a__piece__of__good__news__to__tell__you!__It__is__a__great__honor__for__our__school__to__invite__Yu__Minhong__to__give__us__a__lecture__this__Friday,____whose__topic__is “the differences and similarities between Chinese and English”．As we all know, Yu Minhong, the founder of New Oriental School, graduated from Beijing University and has been teaching English for years.The lecture will be held on the playground of our school.It will start from 9：30 to 11：30.After the lecture, you will also have some time to raise your questions.Time permitting, some students can also communicate with him face to face.So good a lecture, it deserves your listening, so you should not miss it.
The__Student__Union
Mar.__2,____2018
　倡议书
倡议书是个人或集体提出建议并公开发起，希望共同完成某项任务或开展某项公益活动所运用的一种专用书信。
倡议书的特点：倡议书是发动群众开展竞赛的一种手段，倡议书的特点具体来讲具有以下几个方面。
(一)倡议书的群众性　倡议书不是对某个人、某一集体、或某一单位而言的，它往往面向广大群众，或对一个部门的所有人发出，或对一个地区的所有人发出，甚至向全国发出。所以其对象广泛的群众性是倡议书的根本特征。
(二)倡议书对象的不确定性　倡议书是要求广大群众响应的，然而其对象范围往往是不定的。它即便是在文中明确了自己的具体对象，但实际上有关人员可以表示响应，也可以不表示响应，它本身不具有很强的约束力。而与此无关的别的群众团体却可以有所响应。
(三)倡议书的公开性　倡议书就是一种广而告之的书信。它就是要让广大的人民群众知道了解，从而激起更多的人响应，以期在最大的范围内引起共鸣。

典题感悟
参考范文
　　假如你是某中学的学生会主席王东，为了配合环保教育主题活动，请根据下面所给提示，用英语写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1.环保措施和美化城市的措施(各2条)；
2.你的希望。
注意：1.词数：80左右；
2.文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.注意文章的整体连贯。
Dear friends，
In order to make the environment more beautiful, we should_______________________________________________________________________
Thank you！
Wang Dong
Dear__friends，
In__order__to__make__the__environment__more__beautiful,__we__should do what we can to protect it. First, we should plant more trees and flowers to make our city more beautiful. Also, always remember not to throw rubbish or pour waste water everywhere. As we all know, water is becoming less and less. So it’s quite necessary to save water. For example, turn the tap off after washing. Last, but not the least, we’d better ride a bike or walk when going out instead of driving a car.
In my opinion, if everyone tries his best to protect the environment, our city will become nicer and cleaner！
Thank__you！
Wang__Dong
写作指导
　　倡议书属于应用文的一种，由标题、称呼、正文、结尾、落款五部分组成。一般用将来时或一般现在时。题目常会给出标题、称呼、结尾、落款这四部分，考生只需完成正文即可。这类写作的正文包括倡议的目的、内容以及呼吁。
倡议书是公开提倡某种做法，倡导某项活动，鼓动别人响应的一种信函文书。倡议书分为个人倡议书和集体倡议书两种。倡议书的结构为：
第一部分：正文的开头。简明扼要地写出倡议的目的、意义和有关背景，让人们懂得“为什么”要去做所倡议的活动。只有了解、理解了活动的目的、意义，人们才会自觉地行动起来。否则，就会让人莫名其妙，就很难让人响应。
第二部分：正文的主体。写倡议的主要内容和具体措施，即写“做什么”和“怎么做”。这是倡议书的核心部分。这部分最好用条款式分别列出，交代清楚，让响应者有所遵循，清楚要做什么和怎么去做。要写得明确、清晰。
第三部分：结尾。写倡议者的决心和希望。这部分要写得热情洋溢，富于鼓舞性。最好能提出一个能概括全文主
旨的响亮、有力的口号，让响应者容易记住倡议的主要内容，又受到鼓舞。
1.段首常用语：
(1)I think/suggest we should...
(2)In my opinion, we had better...
(3)In order to..., I advise...
(4)It is required that we...
2.段中常用语：
(1)I’m calling for your active participation in...
(2)Do you cherish precious opportunities to volunteer in...
(3)I think we should follow the following advice.
(4)Here is a great one not to be missed by any enthusiastic youth.
3.段尾常用语：
(1)It’s time that we should do something to...
(2)Let’s join our hands and take action immediately.
(3)In my opinion, we should be polite and spare no efforts to do something...
(4)Only in this way can we make a great success.
【跟踪训练】
假设你是学校学生会的一员，为了拥有一个更美好的校园，你发出了全员环保的倡议，并制作了如下图的海报。

请根据海报内容写一份80词左右的倡议书，内容包括：
1．环保是我们中学生义不容辞的责任；
2．列出我们可以养成的环保好习惯；
3．让我们人人都为地球母亲尽一份绵薄之力吧。
Dear friends,
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
The Students’ Union
One possible version：
Dear__friends，
Do you want to live in a beautiful world？To fulfill our obligation to protect the environment, we are supposed to follow the following ecological codes.To begin with, it is suggested/advised that we stick to the habit of walking to school.In addition, it would be a good idea if we recycle everything recyclable and cherish our school’s environment by picking up any litter and turning off the taps and the lights.In a word, it is high time that we should contribute to the prosperity of our mother, the earth.
Thank__you!
The__Students’__Union

　通　知
通知一般用于上级对下级、组织对成员布置工作、传达事情及召集会议等。通知就其形式而言， 可分为书面通知和口头通知两种。对通知的考查侧重于对通知格式及通知正文时态的应用等方面。
典题感悟
参考范文
　　假设你是高二(3)班班长李华，你班将举办“英语读书日(English Book Day)” 活动。请你根据以下内容，用英语写一份书面通知。
活动目的：激发英语阅读兴趣，营造英语学习氛围。
活动时间：10月8日
活动地点：高二(3)班教室
活动内容：1.每人推荐一本英文好书；
2.交流英文读书经验。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Notice
________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
Notice
The “English Book Day” activity is to be held on October 8th in the classroom of Class Three，Grade Two.Every one of our class is expected to be part of the event which aims to arouse students’ interest in reading English books and create an English learning atmosphere.During the activity，we each need to recommend a good English book and share our experience of reading English books.
Come on，everybody! It’s our chance to be emerged in the pleasure of enjoying English books.
Li__Hua
写作指导
　　通知有多种分类。从形式上可分为书面通知(written notice)和口头通知(announcement)。书面通知强调语句简练， 用词贴切， 用语书面化；而口头通知比较灵活简练， 用词表达可随便些， 较为口语化。
1.通知的结构
通知一般由标题、正文和结尾三部分组成。标题部分包括常用标题语和发出通知的单位名称；正文包括事情、通知对象、要求、时间(有时还包括地点)等；结尾部分主要包括发通知的具体日期。英文通知的格式一般是将NOTICE(每个字母都大写)写在通知正文上面一行的正中间。发出通知的单位名称可以写在NOTICE上面， 也可以写在通知正文的右下角；发通知的日期一般写在通知正文的右下角。
2.通知的写作要点
(1)发出通知的单位和对象在一般情况下用第三人称， 如要求同学们按时到达， 不说 “We must...” 或 “You should...”， 而应写成：All the students are requested to be there on time.。
(2)在句式写法上必须注意以下几点：①尽可能用精炼的文字表达明确的信息， 多用简单句或短句、单句， 以避免繁杂；②通知往往着重对活动内容、对象进行说明， 多用被动语态， 如 “The class meeting will be held...” (班会将举行……)等等；③通知是要求下级成员该做什么或注意什么， 多用祈使句；④通知中所告知的事情大部分是未进行的， 故多用将来时态。
续　表
写作指导
(3)通知在开头需要交代说明何事(what)、何地(where)、何时(when)、何人(who)。
简而言之， 一份好的书面通知应具备以下三点：
①四多一少。四多：被动语态多， 将来时态多， 简单句多， 祈使句多。一少：修饰性词语少。
②通知的开头要交代清楚活动的内容、对象、时间和地点。我们称之为四 “W” , 即：what, who, when, where。
③层次清晰。一个层次表达一件事， 切忌在一个句子中表达多件事情。
3.通知的常用表达
(1)称呼语：
Dear classmates/schoolmates,
Ladies and gentlemen，
Boys and girls,
Dear friends,
Dear comrades，
(2)常用开头语：
Attention, please.
May I have your attention, please？
I have good news for you all.
I have an announcement to make.
Please be quiet, everyone! I have something important to tell you.
Attention, please! I have something important to tell you.(仅用于口头通知)
(3)中间内容常用句型：
①There is going to be /We are going to have/We’ve decided to hold a meeting in Room 3 at half past four this afternoon.(先地点后时间)
②The report is on how to learn English which will be given by Mr.Smith, who comes from America./Mr.Smith will give us a report on how to learn English.He comes from America.
③As you know, it is a good chance for us English learners to know more about English.
④Please take your notebooks with you, make notes during the report and write down what you need.
　⑤We’ll have a discussion in classes after the report.Please get ready for it./Please prepare for it.
⑥Please turn/shut/switch off your cellphone/mobile phone during the report in case it interrupts others.
⑦Please tell it to each other, get there on time and don’t be late for it.
(4)常用结束语：
That’s all.Thank you (for your attention).
Please attend/come to it on time.
Don’t forget, will you?
Please be there on time.
Everybody is required to attend it on time.
Do come on time.
(5)常用落款：
Student Union Notice /The Students’ Union
Headmaster’s office Notice
School Teachers’ Union Notice
4.通知的写作模板
(1)口头通知
Dear classmates，
May I have your attention, please？
There is going to be________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Please attend it on time.
(2)书面通知
NOTICE
①________will organize ________．②This activity aims to ________．③This activity is arranged to ________ or so. It is planned to begin on ________．④The team members will be arranged to ________．Your main task is to ________．⑤Anyone is welcome warmly.⑥Those who are interested can contact ________ for further information. ⑦Looking forward to your active participation.
The Students’ Union
October 8th
【跟踪训练】
假如你是学生会主席李华，为了让外国人了解中国传统文化，学生会将进行“唐诗吟诵大赛” (Tang Poetry Recitation Contest)，特邀请学校国际部学生参加，请你根据提示写一则通知。
主要内容包括：
1．大赛目的和意义；
2．主办方：校学生会；
时间：2018年12月30日；
地点：校报告厅 (assembly hall)；
3．范围：《唐诗三百首》 (Three Hundred Tang Poems)。
注意：1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅。
Notice
Do you want to have a further knowledge of Chinese culture？______________________
________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
One possible version：
Notice
Do__you__want__to__have__a__further__knowledge__of__Chinese__culture? Here comes your opportunity: the Student Union will organize a Tang Poetry Recitation Contest.I’d like to share with you some details.
As scheduled，the contest is to be held on Dec.30th，2018.You are supposed to get prepared before the contest.Above all，it’s recommended that you should read Three Hundred Tang Poems，and learn to appreciate the beauty of ancient Chinese culture.Whoever feels interested and has a passion for Chinese culture，please sign up for the contest as soon as possible.If you want to attend，please come to the school assembly hall.Don’t miss the chance of being a winner，and some appealing prizes are eagerly waiting for you.
Don’t hesitate to take part in it! I’m sure you will benefit a lot and gain much progress.
Li__Hua
　便　条
一、留言条
留言条实际上是一种简单的书信， 其特点是格式简单、内容简短， 经常用于熟识的家人、朋友、同事之间；其主要目的是尽快地把最新的信息、通知、要求或者活动的时间、地点等转告给对方。

典题感悟
参考范文
　　假如你是刘涛，在星期六下午四点半到你的好友David处想借一本牛津高级英汉双解词典，碰巧你的朋友不在家。因为晚上你要去参加一个朋友的生日宴会，不能久等，便请他帮你准备好，你星期日上午10点去取。你最近正忙着看一本英文小说，保证用完后立刻归还。请你给David写一张留言条。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Dear David，
I came here at half past four this afternoon to borrow an Oxford Advanced Learner’s English­Chinese Dictionary. Unfortunately you were out. I’ve been reading an English novel written by Dickens recently. But there are many new words in it.So I have to ask you for help. I’ll take good care of the dictionary and it will be returned to you as soon as I finish the book. As I am to attend my friend’s birthday party, I can’t wait any longer. I’ll come for the dictionary at 10 a．m. tomorrow. Please get ready.
With best wishes.
Yours，
Liu Tao
写作指导
1.留言条的格式要求
(1)日期部分可写在便条的右上角。一般只写星期几或者星期几的上午或下午， 有时候也写出具体的钟点；因为留言条的内容多半都是当天或近期要进行的事务， 所以不必写出年份。
(2)留言条开篇需要有称呼语， 从日期下面的第一行最左边顶格写。但称呼及语气可以比较随便， 如Dear daddy, Mary, Miss Li, Teacher Zhou等等。
(3)正文需要首行缩进， 留言条的形式和内容简洁， 故可以用几句话概括。内容尽量口语化， 做到简明扼要， 把想传达的意思表达清楚即可。文内语言尽量使用通俗口语， 直截了当， 无需使用客套语言。
(4)留言条结尾须署上留条人的姓名， 位置在正文的右下角。一般情况下， 只要写上姓名即可。这一点与写信、写假条以及借条不同。
2.留言条的写作模板
April 20th
Dear ________，
I’m going out...(结合要点：外出), and won’t be back until about...(说明要做的事情)．..(结合要点：告知某某重要事情) A man named Liu Bing called you this morning but you were not in.He wanted to meet you this coming Saturday, 9 a．m., at the university gate.If that is not convenient for you, you are requested to ring him up at any time in the evening from 8 p．m.to 10 p．m.at 123­454­576.
Yours,
________
二、请假条
常见的请假条有请病假(note for sick leave)和请事假 (leave of absence)两种。请假条是用于因身体状况不好或因某事向老师或上级领导等请求准假的一种应用文体。

典题感悟
参考范文
　　假如你是Sam，大学英语系一年级的学生。你叔叔因为生意关系，需要个临时翻译，你想试一下。因此，周三不能上口语课。你只好给外教Ms.Riddle写个请假条，向她解释原因并请求准假。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ms.Riddle，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Earnestly yours，
Sam
Dear__Ms.Riddle，
I’d like to know if I could ask for a casual leave from your Oral English class this Wednesday.
Yesterday evening I got a call from my uncle, who is running a small firm.He needs an interpreter for one day but cannot find the most reliable person, so he wants me to have a try.I regard this as a golden opportunity to put what I have learned into practice，but I need your permission of absence.
If you think I may go and help him, I’m confident that I’ll do a good job and both of us will be grateful.
Earnestly__yours，
Sam

续　表
写作指导
1.英文请假条写作需注意三点：
(1)英文中请假条的写法和汉语请假条相同， 它一般由四部分组成， 即时间、称呼、正文和签名(署名)。
(2)一般而言， 请假条可认定是一种简单的书信文体。请假条一般写在纸上， 不用信封。其书写格式与书信有很多相似之处， 是书信的简化形式。
(3)请假条的特点是：开门见山、内容简短、用词通俗易懂。
2.请假条的常见格式：
(1)日期写在正文的右上角。由于请假条的内容大多是当天、近几日因病或因事请假， 所以不必写上年份。
(2)请假条因是向上级请示， 一般以Dear...或My dear...开头。有时可在Dear之后， 用Mr.或Miss等的称呼加上姓氏。注意：各种称呼后面一般都用逗号。
(3)正文要求：简洁明了， 用词口语化。写请假条只要把请假的理由和请假时间说清楚即可。有的请假条为了说明其请假事由是真实的， 可在正文之后另起一行， 写上I enclose a doctor’s certificate.(我附上了医生的证明。)
(4)签名(署名)写在右下角， 签名(署名)上面一行可以写上Yours, Your student等字样， 有时由于写条的人和收条的人彼此很熟悉， 所以在称呼和签名上比较随便和简单。特别是在签名部分， 有时可简单到只写个姓或只写个名即可。
3.请假条常用表达：
I’m writing to you to ask a sick leave.
我给你写信是想请病假。
I ask you for sick leave of three days.
我请3天病假。
　I’m sorry that I can’t go to school today, so I want to ask for sick leave of two days.
很抱歉今天我无法上学了， 所以我想请两天病假。
I wonder if you could give me your permission.
你是否同意我请假呢。
I hope you can approve my leave.　望准假！
Your kind permission will be greatly appreciated.
承蒙惠准， 感激不尽。
I’ll go back to school as soon as I am well enough.And I’ll do my best to make up for the missing lessons during my absence.
我病一好了就会尽快回校。并且我会尽我所能去补上所缺的课程。
I am very/really/terribly/extremely sorry to tell you that I cannot attend your English classes today.
很抱歉我今天不能上您的英语课。
I have to go to see the doctor.
我得去看医生。
I want to ask for four days’ leave from Tuesday to Friday.
我想请假4天， 时间是从周二到周五。
4.请假条写作模板：
提出请假＋阐述请假事由(并致歉)＋希望获准
请假条全文一般分为三段；
第一段：开门见山， 有礼貌地提出请假。中心明确， 写清楚请假的时间及日期。
第二段：简单明了陈述请假的原因。叙述清楚明白， 并尽可能表达因此带来的工作或学习上的不便的歉意。
第三段：希望获准， 或等候答复。写上希望获得准假的句子， 或者具体等候答复的时间。
【跟踪训练】
假如你是王立。昨天你和同学们去农场帮助农民们摘苹果， 不幸从梯子上摔下来伤了腿， 但伤得不重。医生让你在家里好好休息。因此， 你向高老师请假两天。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Sept.28th
Dear Miss Gao，
I’m sorry I can’t go to school today.I helped the farmers pick apples with my classmates on the farm yesterday.Unluckily, I fell off the ladder and hurt my leg.I went to the hospital and the doctor examined me carefully.Fortunately I wasn’t badly hurt.The doctor asked me to stay in bed and have a good rest.So I ask for leave for two days.
Your student,
Wang Li

应用文写作(一)
(建议用时：每篇15分钟)
A
(2019·湖州适应性考试)假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为“中国国粹——京剧”的宣传活动。请给你的外教Henry写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：1.时间和地点；2.活动内容：讲座、现场表演等。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：京剧 Beijing Opera
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Henry，
How is everything going? I’m writing to invite you to participate in an activity themed Beijing Opera which will be held at 9 a．m. next Tuesday in the school lecture hall.
At the beginning of the activity, we will listen to a speech on the history of Beijing Opera which is delivered by a famous artist. After that, there will be a live performance of Beijing Opera. The artists dressed in costumes will perform various stories that happened in the history of China by singing, dancing and playing martial arts. Besides, methods of drawing facial makeup will be taught on the spot, so you can try your hand. Would you like to go with me?
I would appreciate it if you could give me an early reply.
Yours truly，
Li Hua
B
假定你是李华，你的好友Peter在你校上周举办的“美丽校园”摄影比赛中获奖了。请根据以下要点给他写一封邮件：1.表示祝贺；2.你对获奖作品的看法；3.希望他分享摄影经验。注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Peter，
Congratulations on your winning the prize in the photo taking competition with the title of Charming School which was held last week.
Your work stands out in the competition, which is quite representative of all works and close to the theme reflecting our school culture. Besides, your skills of taking photos are also in the prior position. In a word, you’ve done well in all the required aspects. So you’ve got the prize and I feel pround of you. Congratulations to you again from the bottom of my heart!
I hope you can share your skills of taking pictures with me.
Yours，
Li__Hua
C
假定你是李华，你在农村的舅舅向你寻求“乡村振兴(rural revitalization)”的建议，因此你发邮件给他提出一些建议，内容包括：1.利用青山绿水发展农村生态旅游(eco­travel)；2.开发游客到农场种植和采摘水果的活动。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear uncle，
I’m glad to have the chance to give you some advice about rural revitalization.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__uncle，
I’m__glad__to__have__the__chance__to__give__you__some__advice__about__rural__revitalization. I hope the tips below will be of some help to you.
Nowadays the fresh air and the beautiful scenery in the countryside are appealing to more citizens. Villagers should make the most of their green mountains and clean water to develop eco­travel. Besides, I suggest villagers set up self­service fruit farms to get tourists involved in growing and picking fruits, like grapes, strawberries and so on. The farms can provide people with good chances to experience physical labour and enjoy the harvest, which will help tourists get away from loud noise and a busy city life.
I hold the firm belief that more and more tourists will come to the countryside and enjoy the fruit farms, and that the villages are sure to enjoy a bright future.
Yours__sincerely，
Li__Hua
应用文写作(二)
(建议用时：每篇15分钟)
A
假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友William寒假期间要来中国游玩，行程中计划在你家住三天，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.住宿条件；2.活动安排；3.其他事项(气候差异、着装提醒等)。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear William，
I am delighted to know that you are coming to China，and especially excited that you will stay in my house. Now，I’d like to tell you some relevant information about your stay here.
The bedroom in which you will live is bright and pleasant. A variety of books as well as a computer are available. Of course you have easy access to the network. What’s more, I intend to show you around my city where you can visit some places of interest. By the way, we are having a cold winter here. So, be sure to bring your winter clothes.
I am sure you will have a wonderful experience here. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours，
Li Hua
B
(2019·绍兴模拟)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Terry一行人要来你市体验元宵节，他请你帮他们预订酒店，请你给他回一封电子邮件。要点如下：1.表示欢迎；2.询问到达时间；3.询问具体要求(价位、房间数等)。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Terry，
I’m honored to know that you’ve decided to have a taste of the Lantern Festival in my city. I’m also more than pleased to reserve a hotel for you in advance. But I need some details of your travel.
Firstly, when will your flight arrive at the airport? If I’m available then, I will pick you up. Besides, prices of a hotel room range from RMB 399 to 999, so which kind of rooms do you prefer? And more importantly, how many rooms do you exactly need? Only if I figure out all of the questions can I make reservations for you.
Please give me more detailed information about your schedule. Looking forward to your early coming.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
C
校学生会计划举办“汉语桥”活动，你受学生会委托写一则通知，邀请你校美国留学生参加此活动。内容包括：1.介绍活动的意义；2.邀请美国留学生参加动员会(the pep rally)；3.动员会的时间、地点。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结语已为你写好，但不计入总词数。
Notice
Dear overseas students from America，

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Union
One possible version：
Notice
Dear__overseas__students__from__America，
Here comes the news that a Chinese Bridge activity will be held in our school. So all of participants are warmly welcome in the pep rally to get fully prepared for the follow­ups.
Aimed at promoting Chinese culture around the world, the Chinese Bridge acts as a platform to help narrow the gap of understanding China. Whoever is actively involved in the activity will develop a positive awareness of Chinese and its culture behind. Based on it, the pep rally is scheduled in our school auditorium from 2 pm－3 pm next Friday afternoon.
Please make sure you are available at that time and join us.
Students’__Union