2021新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义：选修6Unit3　Understandingeachother

Unit 3　Understanding each other


对应学生用书p99
项目
内　容
核心单词

单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)

1.The disease spread 　　　　　　 (遍及) the whole country， getting most people into a panic.

2.You have calm， controlled and relaxed 　　　　　　 (姿势)， and then you will be seen as someone that is confident.

3.If you have just opened a bank 　　　　　　 (账户)， can you get a loan from the bank？

4.The young man and his 　　　　　　 (新娘) set out on a journey back to his native land.

5.If you compare both of our cars， you'll find they're very much 　　　　　　 (相像).

6.　　　　　　 (朴素的) and simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.

7.I'm a　　　　　　 to getting up early and taking an hour's walk before breakfast.

8.China is often thought to be g　　　　　　 by the Han nationality.

9.If you want to e　　　　　　 that you get good grades， you'd better study hard.

10.After the foreign guests got f　　　　　　 with the Chinese traditional festivals， they liked to live in China.

[答案]

1.throughout　2.gestures　3.account　4.bride　5.alike　6.Plain　7.accustomed　8.governed　9.ensure　10.familiar

词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)

1.The headmaster wrote a letter to 　　　　　　 her on her good performance and in turn the exciting 　　　　　　　 encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)

2.He 　　　　　　 that everyone would burst out laughing when he finished his joke but beyond his 　　　　　　 nobody laughed.(expect)

3.It was 　　　　　　 of her to go into the burning building to save the boy， so we all respect her for her 　　　　　　 and unselfishness.(brave)

4.It took a while for her to 　　　　　　 herself to the school life. That meant after a while she became 　　　　　　 to living in the new school.(accustom)

5.Although there has been a 　　　　　　 increase of the population， this city still has a small population， only 　　　　　　 over three hundred thousand.(slight)

6.The 　　　　　　 order means that French is 　　　　　　 in this school.(prohibit)

7.Even if you have a 　　　　　　， I won't 　　　　　　 you to enter the hall without my 　　　　　　.(permit)

8.He often says that he doesn't believe in any 　　　　　　 but meanwhile he respects others' 　　　　　　 freedom.(religion)

9.It is the 　　　　　　 of the city who 　　　　　　 the city. He is also a candidate for central 　　　　　　.(govern)

10.To my surprise， instead of mailing a 　　　　　　 card， she 　　　　　　 me with a hug and said “Merry Christmas”.(greet)

11.People 　　　　　　 the important day differently. Mike's family are going traveling in 　　　　　　 of Mike's 18th birthday.(celebrate)

12.The height of the bicycle seat is 　　　　　　， so my son's bike demands constant 　　　　　　.(adjust)

[答案]

1.congratulate；congratulations　2.expected；expectation　3.brave；bravery　4.accustom；accustomed

5.slight；slightly　6.prohibition；prohibited　7.permit；permit；permission　8.religion；religious

9.governor；governs；government　10.greeting；greeted　11.celebrate；celebration　12.adjustable；adjustments


重点短语,汉译英
1.更不用说　　　　　　　　　　　　　2.习惯于　　　　　　　　　　　3.占据(时间或空间)　　　　　　
4.毕竟　　　　　　 　 5.赶走　　　　　 　 6.脱掉　　　　　 　
7.对……感到熟悉　　　　　 　 8.寻求　　　　　 　 9.参加　　　　　 　
10.做某事有困难　　　　　 　 11.发出(光 / 热等)　　　　　 　 12.相信　　　　　 　
13.带某人参观，游览　　　　　 　 14.控制，支配　　　　　 　
[答案]
1.let alone　2.get / be accustomed to/get used to　3.take up　4.after all　5.drive...away　6.take off
7.be familiar with　8.hunt for　9.take part in　10.have trouble (in) doing sth.　11.give out
12.believe in　13.show sb.around　14.have power over
句型操练·背诵与仿写 ,1.Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.(P35，L39­40)
仿写　那些新来的人对这里的气候很难适应。
The new comers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.They dislike it when people do not look at the cards， so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking.(P43，B)
仿写　他们很欣赏物理老师总是那么认真地批改作业。
They appreciate 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.While staying with the Inuit people you will have the chance to ride on a dog sled and travel in a seal­skin boat.(P46，L5­7)
仿写　在采访期间，你有可能见到那位科学家。
While 　　　　　　　　， you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.There are many different tribes that belong to the Native American Indian group.(P47，L48­49)
仿写　任何事都无法阻止中国人民前进。
There is 　　　　　　 that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
[答案]
1.have trouble (in) getting used / accustomed to the climate / weather here
2.it when the physics teacher always checks the homework so seriously
3.interviewing；will have the chance to meet the scientist
4.nothing；can stop / prevent the Chinese people (from) going forward



对应学生用书p100
☆重点单词☆
1.difference
n.差别，差异；[C] 分歧，争执；[U]差距，差额
Prof.Smith remarked on the differences between the two dictionaries.
史密斯教授就这两本字典的不同之处做了评述。
What you do doesn't make much difference to me.
你做什么对我影响不大。
Sometimes a little help can 　make a big difference to　 other people's lives.
有时候一点小小的帮助可以使别人的生活发生很大的改变。
必记搭配：
make no difference (to sb./ sth.) 对……不重要、不要紧
make a / some difference (to sb./ sth.) 对……有 / 有些作用或影响
have differences in... 在……方面存在差异
温馨提示：
different 为形容词；differ为不及物动词。常用搭配：A is different from B；A differs from B in sth.
2.adjust (adjusts / adjusted / adjusted / adjusting)
v.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理
I adjusted myself to the new environment soon after I got there.
到那里之后，我很快就适应了新的环境。
Can you adjust the height of the bicycle for me？
你能帮我调整一下这辆自行车的高度吗？
It took her a while 　to adjust to living alone　.
过了段时间她才适应了一个人的生活。
同/ 近义词：
adapt
温馨提示：
adapt vt.(使)适应，常构成adapt (oneself) to... / be adapted to
adjustment n.调节，调整
必记搭配：
adjust oneself to 使自己适应于
adjust to 适应；调整
adjust sth. to sth. 根据……调整

完成汉译英：
①我们按照当地时间把手表校准。
We　　　　　　　local time.
②出国旅游时，你需要适应不同的文化。
When travelling abroad， you need to 　　　　　　　　 different cultures.
③一些学生在暑假过了很长时间后仍在适应回到学校。
Some of the students are still 　　　　　　　　 being back at school after a long time of summer holiday.
④公司对工人的工资作了调整。
The company made an 　　　　　　　　 the workers’ salary.
[答案]
①adjust our watch to　②adjust yourself to
③adjusting to　④adjustment to
3.certain
adj.无疑的；确定的；必然的；某个的；某些的
A certain person called on you yesterday.
昨天有个人来拜访你。
If you want to be an actor， there are certain things you will need to know before you can be in a play.
如果你想成为一名演员，在你能表演前你有必要知道某些东西。
It is certain that they will agree with you.
他们肯定会同意你的。
同/ 近义词：
sure
温馨提示：
certainly＝of course / sure “当然；当然可以”。
注意：
It is certain that...(√) sb.is certain that...(√)
It is sure that... (×) sb.is sure that...(√)
必记搭配：
be certain of sth./ doing sth. 确定；有把握(做某事)
be certain to do sth. 确信做某事
It is certain that...肯定；确定……
for certain 无疑地；确定地
4.account (pl.accounts)
n.账户；账目；报告；描述；叙述
Can you give us an account of what happened？
你能告诉我们发生了什么事情吗？
I was late for class 　on account of　 the traffic jam.
因为塞车我上课迟到了。
I don't have a bank account.
我没有银行账户。
同/ 近义词：
report / description / explanation / record
温馨提示：
on account of表示“由于；因为”，类似的介词词组有due to；because of；owing to；as a result of；thanks to (由于；多亏……)。
account做动词时，意为 “认为是，认为”，常用于被动语态；其常见搭配为account for。account for意为“是……的说明(或原因)；解释；(数量上、比例上)占”。
The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd.
天气不好可能是人来得少的原因。
How do you account for the show's success？
你认为这次演出为何成功？
The Chinese market accounts for 35% of the company's revenue.
中国市场占该公司收入的35%。
必记搭配：
on account of 由于；因为
take sth. into account / take account of sth. 考虑
keep an account of 记录
on no account 决不
on sb.’s account 为了某人的缘故

用适当的介词填空：
①The number of traffic accidents caused by drunk driving accounts 　　　　　　 13 percent of the total.
②Besides exam results， class performance is also taken 　　　　　　 account.
③The policeman gave an account 　　　　　　 the traffic accident.
④She was absent from work 　　　　　　 account of being ill.
⑤He changed his mind 　　　　　　 my account.
⑥　　　　　　 no account would I dare walk in that neighborhood at night.
[答案与解析]
①for。句意：由酒后驾驶引起的交通事故占总数的13%。
②into　③of　④on　⑤on　⑥On
5.belief
n.信心，信念，相信
The latest developments confirmed me in my belief.
最新的发展使我坚信我的信仰。
It is my belief that we will find a cure for cancer in the next ten years.
我相信十年后我们能找到治疗癌症的办法。
He has great belief in his doctor.
他无比信赖他的医生。
同/ 近义词：
trust / faith
温馨提示：
belief 做“信仰、信条”讲时为可数名词，其复数形式为beliefs。
必记搭配：
beyond belief 难以置信
to one's belief 据……看来
It is my belief that... 我相信
have (a) belief in God 相信上帝
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。
1.It is 　　　　　　(sure / certain) that he will lose the game.
2.We claim an allowance of ￡230 　　　　　　(in spite of / on account of / regardless of) the quality of this shipment.
[答案与解析]
1.certain。it is certain that是固定搭配，表示“肯定……”，没有it is sure that这种搭配，故应填certain。
2.on account of。on account of(＝because of)由于，因为。regardless of(＝without worrying about)不顾；例句：Regardless of danger，he climbed the tower. in spite of不管；尽管。
Ⅱ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.He holds the belief 　　　　　　 where there’s a will， there’s a way.
2.Knowing how to give first aid really makes a 　　　　　　(different) in case of emergency.It can save lives.
3.It didn't take me long to adjust 　　　　　　(I) to the life in America.
[答案与解析]
1.that。that引导同位语从句。where there’s a will， there’s a way表示“有志者事竟成”。
2.difference。考查固定短语。make a difference “有影响，有关系”。句意：如果紧急情况出现，了解怎样急救确实很重要。它能拯救生命。
3.myself。adjust oneself to 使自己适应于。句意：我没花太长时间就适应了美国的生活。
☆核心短语☆
1.vt.发出(光 / 热等)；放出(气体)；分发
vi.用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽　　　　　give　 out
In order to go to school， the 7­year­old boy made money by giving out leaflets on the street.
为了能够上学，那个七岁的小男孩靠在街上分发传单来挣钱。
After a month their food supplies gave out.
一个月以后他们的食物贮备消耗殆尽。

扑灭；熄灭　　　　　　　　　　　　put　 out
漏掉；省略　 　leave　 out
算出；发展顺利；制订出；锻炼身体　 　work　 out
辨别；认出　 　make　 out
售完；销售一空　 　sell　 out
出发　 　set　 out
2.信任；相信……的存在　 　believe　 in
They don't believe in the existence of ghosts in the world.
他们不相信世界上有鬼。

相信……是……　　　　　　　　believe　 sb./ sth.to be...
信不信由你　 　believe it or not　
人们相信；有人相信　 It is 　believed　 that...
据信某人要做……　 sb.is 　believed　 to do...
据信某人已经做……　 sb.is 　believed　 to have
done...
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词填空。
1.The teacher’s patience 　　　　　　(gave / put / made) out in front of these naughty students.
2.To achieve success，you should have dreams，make plans，　　　　　　(believe/give/take) in yourself and go for what you want.
[答案与解析]
1.gave。考查动词短语辨析。句意：老师在调皮的学生们面前失去了耐心。gave out用完，耗尽，符合句意。made out辨别，认出；put out扑灭，熄灭。
2.believe。句意：为了取得成功，你应该有梦想，制定计划，相信自己，去追求你想要的。believe in“相信”。
Ⅱ.根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。
work out；show...around；have...power over；
take up；be accustomed to；let alone
1.The activity is aimed at making people 　　　　　　 more 　　　　　　 their own lives.
2.You should 　　　　　　 regularly to keep healthy.
3.I will 　　　　　　 the western teaching style after studying abroad.
4.She 　　　　　　 her first teaching post in 2014.
5.I feel it a great honour to 　　　　　　 you 　　　　　　 our city.
6.She cannot trust her own daughter， 　　　　　　 you.
[答案与解析]
1.have； power over。考查动词短语。句意：这项活动旨在让人们更能主宰自己的生活。have power over“控制，支配”，符合句意。
2.work out　3.be accustomed to　4.took up
5.show； around。考查动词短语。句意：我很荣幸带你参观我们的城市。show sb. around“带某人参观某地”，符合句意。
6.let alone
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
1.After all，learning about cultural differences is a good way to understand more about each other.(P35，L56­57)
译：毕竟，了解文化差异是一种很好的增进理解的方式。
[v­ing充当主语时]
中文说“做某事……”充当主语时，英文常用v­ing。
Throwing rubbish everywhere will destroy the environment.
乱扔垃圾会破坏环境。
Being killed in an accident is something terrible.
在车祸中丧生是件很可怕的事。
Mary's leaving without saying goodbye made Tom upset.
玛丽的不辞而别令汤姆感到郁闷。
思考：非谓语结构中除“v­ing” 结构做主语外，还有哪种非谓语结构可以做主语？它们有不同吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
“to do” 与 “v­ing”结构都可以做主语。“v­ing”表示一般的抽象的多次行为；“to do” 结构做主语表示具体的或一次性的行为。

用所给词的正确形式填空：
①It is useless 　　　　　　(telephone) him. He is not willing to come.
②It is easy for me 　　　　　　(finish) this task.
[答案]
①telephoning　②to finish
2.There are many different tribes that belong to the Native American Indian group.(P47，L48­49)
译：美洲印第安土著民族有许多不同的部落。
[there be句型]
在英文写作中，要表达汉语意思“(在某处)有某人做某事”，常使用句型there＋be...结构。there be＋主语＋doing/名词...
例如：每天放学后，有很多同学在操场打篮球。
There are many students playing basketball on the playground after school every day.
＝There are many students who play basketball on the playground after school every day.

完成句子：
①河边，有一位老人在钓鱼。
There is ________________________________________________________________________.
[答案]
①an old man fishing by the river
思考：there be 的固定句式结构有很多，你能至少列出3个吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
There is something wrong with...(……有问题)
There is no need to do...(……没必要)
There is no / some difficulty / trouble in...(……没有 / 有一些困难)
There is no / a possibility that...(……没有 / 有可能)
There is no point in...(……没有意义)
There is no doubt that...(……毫无疑问)

完成句子：
②　　　　　　　　much hope of our team winning the match.
我们队似乎很有希望赢得比赛。
③　　　　　　a beautiful girl in the castle.
城堡里住着一个漂亮女孩。
[答案]
②There seems / appears to be
③There lives
备考提示：
(1)常考的 “there be”句型的其他形式变化有：there seem(s) to be / happen(s) to be / appear(s) to be / used to be。例如：
There seems to be something wrong with it.
There appear to be some problems.
There happened to be a villager whom we could ask the way.
(2)“there be”中的be动词可以替换成其他的词。如：live，remain，come，stand，lie，occur，exist，follow等。
There occurred / existed human beings about 5，000 years ago.
大约5000年前就出现了人类。
【运用提升】
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.It isn't cold enough for there 　　　　　　(be) a frost tonight， so I can leave Jim's car out quite safely.
2.　　　　　　(take) abroad for a tour can be a great honor for an ordinary person like him.
[答案与解析]
1.to be。句意：今晚天不够冷，不会有霜降，所以我可以把吉姆的车安全地停在外面。for there to be...在此表将来。
2.Being taken。本句中的动名词短语being taken abroad for a tour在句首做主语。动名词做主语是动名词的一个很重要的用法，过去分词是不能放在句首做主语的。句意：被带到国外旅行对于像他这样的普通人来说是一件很光荣的事情。

对应学生用书p102
教材与语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ma Li has to do her homework on cultural differences， so she has gone to the student centre 1.　　　　　　 (find) information for her homework.
There are different 2.　　　　　　 (react) in the West and the East when they get presents. Westerners like to open them as soon as they get 3.　　　　　　(they). When it 4.　　　　　　(come) to wedding traditions， there are also differences. In Korea， it 5.　　　　　　(believe) that roosters can drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony， and hens can ensure good luck 6.　　　　　　 the marriage. In Brunei， at wedding receptions men and women have to sit in separate areas—the men with 7.　　　　　　 bridegroom， and the women with the bride. What's more， if you go to Brunei， you would have to take off your shoes before 8.　　　　　　 (go) into someone's house.
There are sometimes great 9.　　　　　　(culture) differences even between native English speakers. The British celebrate Bonfire Night every year， 10.　　　　　　 many Americans are not familiar with the festival.
[答案]
1.to find　2.reactions　3.them　4.comes　5.is believed
6.for　7.the　8.going　9.cultural　10.while