2021新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义：选修7Unit4　Publictransport

Unit 4　Public transport


对应学生用书p120
项目
内　容
核心单词

单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)

1.When I returned home，I tried to ____________ (表达) the wonder of this machine to my husband.

2.They have arrived at a conclusion ____________(通过) scientific investigation.

3.A small boat ____________(装载) with fish slowly drew near，and stopped beside the bridge.

4.The ____________ (当权者) have said they will attempt to maintain essential services.

5.Women may be used to receiving flowers on birthdays and ____________(周年纪念日).

6.Tom's voice c____________，and the tears ran down his cheeks.

7.To cover its costs，the company will need an a____________ income of ￡5 million.

8.In social activities it is always emphasized to be p____________.

9.I thought it would be easy，but a lot of problems have a____________.

10.I saw the lightening s____________ the clouds and heard the thunder following.

[答案]

1.convey　2.via　3.loaded　4.authorities　5.anniversaries　6.choked　7.annual　8.punctual　9.arisen　10.split

词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)

1.She was very busy right up to the moment of her ____________．(depart)

2.The driver is ____________ and responsible for the accident that happened on a foggy morning.(drink)

3.She ____________ too fast round the corner，lost her balance and fell off.What was more，she ran into another ____________．(cycle)

4.He wanted to make a ____________ in the USA，but ____________，he died halfway.(fortune)

5.I called to ____________ a table for two，but the waiter told me all the tables had been ____________ and I was supposed to make ____________ in advance.(reserve)

6.Her teachers did a lot for her ____________．So when she ____________ up，she frequently visited them on festivals.(grow)

7.The officer involved was dismissed because he had ____________ strict guidelines.Now he regrets his ____________ of the rules.(violate)

8.When we got to that hotel，we were well ____________．We would appreciate it if the hotel ____________ could call a taxi for us when we check out tomorrow.Thus we will think well of their ____________．(receive)

9.Although the image is ____________，I can't see it clearly.I beg you to ____________ it to a scale of 1：1，000.(large)

10.When you ____________ the street at a pedestrian ____________，you can't be too careful.(cross)

11.____________ in yourself and work harder than others.Then you can do ____________ things.(believable)

12.Yesterday I received a present.I don't know who sent it，but I'll make careful ____________．I'm writing to my friends to ____________ about it.(enquiry)

[答案]

1.departure　2.drunk　3.cycled；cyclist　4.fortune；unfortunately　5.reserve；reserved；reservations

6.growth；grew　7.violated；violation　8.received；receptionist；reception　9.large；enlarge　10.cross；crossing

11.Believe；unbelievable　12.enquiries；enquire


重点短语,汉译英
1．中途下客 / 卸货________________　　　2.联合______________　　　3.每隔……距离或时间____________
4．给某人接通(电话) ____________________ 5.选定____________________ 6.推迟____________________
7．辨认出；明白____________________ 8.填写____________________ 9.少数的，少量的______________
10．分解，分组____________________ 11.(使)加速____________________ 12.起因于______________
13．处理 ____________________
[答案]
1．drop off　2.link up　3.at (...) intervals　4.put through　5.decide on / upon　6.put off　7.make out
8．fill in　9.a handful of　10.split up　11.speed up　12.arise from　13.deal with
句型操练·背诵与仿写 ,1.It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.(P63，L60­61)
仿写　1)帮他学英语是你的义务。
It is ____________________________．
2)因为磁悬浮列车不接触地面，所以跑得非常快，每小时可达500公里。
Because magnet trains ________________________，they can ________________________，__________________ per hour.
2．Both drivers and pedestrians may make mistakes or violate the traffic rules，whether that is their intention or not.(P133，A)
仿写　不管你开车去还是乘火车，都得准时出席会议。
You'll have to ________________________________________________________________________．
3．Drivers should be careful near schools in particular，because there are likely to be many children.(P62，L29­30)
仿写　别担心！可能马上有车来接。
Don't ____________________！ There ____________________________________________________．
4．This is true of everyone as accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians.(P62，L5­6)
仿写　这首歌写的很差，别的几首也一样。他不喜欢，我也不喜欢。
This song is poorly written，which ________________________．He as well as I __________________．
[答案]
1．1)up to you to help him with English
2)don't touch the ground；go very fast；up to 500 kilometers
2．attend the meeting on time whether you drive a car or take a train
3．worry; is / are likely to be a bus / buses to pick you up at once
4．is true of others; doesn't like (it)



对应学生用书p121
☆重点单词☆
1．transport(transports / transported / transported / transporting)
vt. 运送，运输
n. 运输，输送；运输工具；交通车辆；交通运输系统
A helicopter was used to transport the wounded.
一架直升飞机被用来运送伤员。
I normally travel by public transport.
我通常坐公共交通(工具)去旅游。
Nowadays，the motorcycle has become an important means of transport in many cities.
现在，摩托车在许多城市已成为一种重要的交通工具。
同/ 近义词：
carry / convey / transfer / transmit
必记搭配：
transport bodily / continuously / regularly / swiftly 整体 / 不断 / 定期 / 快捷运送
transport sb./ sth.to sp. 把……运送到……
2．permit (permits / permitted / permitted / permitting)
vt.& vi.允许，许可
We do not permit smoking in the office.
我们不允许在办公室抽烟。
Foreigners are not permitted to hold offices in that country.
在那个国家外国人不准担任公职。
I don't permit quarreling in class.
我不允许课堂上吵架。
同/ 近义词：
admit / allow / let / promise
必记搭配：
permit...into / out / through 允许……进入 / 出去 / 通过
permit sb./ sth. 准许某人 / 某物
permit (sb.'s) doing sth. 允许某人做某事
be permitted 被允许
permit sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
3．aim (aims / aimed / aimed / aiming)
v．瞄准，针对，以……为目标，计划，打算
n．瞄准，目标，目的
He aimed his gun at the tiger.
他拿枪向老虎瞄准。
He aims at becoming a doctor./ He aims to become a doctor.
他想成为一名医生。
He has only one aim in life—to become rich.
他的人生目标只有一个——成为富翁。
同/ 近义词：
level / point / train
必记搭配：
aim high / low 志向远大 / 太低
aim at 瞄准；旨在
aim...at... 把……对准……
4．arise (arises / arose / arisen / arising)
v．发生，形成，起立，起身，起床，起义
That question did not arise.
那个问题没有出现。
Her illness arose from / out of lack of rest.
她的病是缺乏休息引起的。
Problems arise out of the lack of communication.
由于缺乏交流而产生了问题。
arise为不及物动词，没有被动语态，意为“发生，出现”时，主语多为抽象名词。
必记搭配：
arise out of / from 由……引起，由……产生
【图文助记】辨一辨：rise / raise / arise


单句语法填空：
①The measure intended ____________(raise) people’s awareness of environmental protection is well received.
②Standing on the hill, we saw smoke ____________(rise) from the chimneys in the village.
③When I arose ____________ the sofa，they were in deep conversation.
[答案与解析]
①to raise。考查非谓语动词。句意：这项旨在提高人们环保意识的措施很受(人们)欢迎。intend和被修饰词The measure之间是被动关系，raise 引起。
②rising。考查分词。句意：站在山上，我们看到袅袅炊烟从村庄里的烟囱中升起。此处表示的是看到烟正在升起，而不是动作的全部过程。
③from
5．speed(speeds / spedspeeded / spedspeeded / speeding)
vt.急行，加速
vi.超速行驶
n．速度，速率
The Internet is widely used，which speeds up the development of English.
互联网的广泛应用，加速了英语的发展。
I consider that driving at such a speed is very dangerous.
我认为以这么快的速度驾驶是很危险的。
The speed limit is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at.
限速是允许你驾车的最快速度。
同/ 近义词：
dash / hurry / quicken / rush
必记搭配：
average speed 平均速度
at a speed of 以……的速度
at top speed 以全速
with all speed 全速地
speed by 飞驰而过
speed up 加速
6．load (loads / loaded / loaded / loading)
vt.装载，装上，装入
n．负荷，负担，工作量，负荷量
The workers are loading the ship with coal.
工人正把煤装上船。
The good news has taken a load off my mind.
听了这个好消息我就放心了。
The truck was carrying a load of sand.
卡车装运了一车沙子。
同/ 近义词：
burden
必记搭配：
transport load 运货
full load 满载
car load 汽车运载量
load up (使)载满
a load of / loads of 大量的
load sb./ oneself / sth.with sth. 用……装满……
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词填空。
1．Success always ____________(rise / raise / arise) from diligence.
2．In order to protect the environment，people are greatly encouraged to travel by public____________(transport / service / means)．
[答案与解析]
1．arises。考查动词辨析。rise上升，上涨；raise提高，饲养，提出；arise产生。句意：成功往往源于勤奋。
2．transport。句意为：为了保护环境，大力鼓励人们乘公共交通工具出行。transport交通，运输；public transport公共交通；service服务；means方法，方式。
Ⅱ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The truck ____________(load)with bricks broke down suddenly in the middle of the bridge.
2．The school recommends parents not to permit their children ____________(swim) in rivers or lakes during summer holidays.
3．He studied hard，____________(aim) at passing the exam.
4．Although the policeman was injured, he ran after the thief ____________ an amazing speed.
[答案与解析]
1．loaded。句意：装载着砖头的卡车在桥中间突然出了故障。be loaded with“装载着……”。这里用动词­ed形式短语充当定语。故填loaded。
2．to swim。permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事。
3．aiming。考查现在分词作状语。这里的aiming at (旨在)，是现在分词作伴随状语。也可改为He studied hard and aimed at passing the exam.但这样aimed at就与前面的studied一起作并列谓语了。句意：他努力学习，目的是通过考试。
4．at。本句为although引导的让步状语从句，短语run after“追赶”，短语at an amazing speed“以惊人的速度”。 句意：尽管这个警察受伤了，但他仍以惊人的速度追赶那个小偷。
☆核心短语☆
1．给……接通(电话)；使经受；使成功；完成　put __through__
I will put you through to the receptionist and she can take down your details.
我将帮你接通接待员的电话，她会记录你的详细要求。

放好，收起　　　　　　put __away__
记下；镇压　　　 put __down__
扑灭；出版　　　 put __out__
举起；张贴　　　 put __up__
忍受　　　 put __up__with__
穿上；上演　　　 put __on__
推迟，延迟　　　 put __off__
提出(建议)　　　 put __forward__

写出句中put through的含义：
①The store will open again when the decoration has been put through.____________
②She asked to be put through to the manager.____________
③Both the fellows were put through the pains they had never experienced before.____________
④They put all the students through the important exams.____________
[答案] ①完成　②接通电话　③使经受　④使通过
2．处理，利用，安排　　　　　　do __with__ / deal __with__
How shall we deal with the problem?
我们将怎样处理这个问题？

干掉；废除　　　　　　　　　do __away__with__
固定住；绑紧；扣上　　　　　 do __up__
没有……也行　　　　　 do__without__
做好事　 do__good__
有害处　 do__harm__
帮助某人　 do sb.__a__favour__
尽最大努力　　　 do __one's__best__
委屈某人　　　　 do sb.__wrong__
思考：你能想出与do搭配的其他词组吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
做分内的事 do one's duty　彻底打扫，清理do out
创造奇迹do wonders　凑合用，将就用make do (with)
行了，够了！That will do！　使失败，使完蛋 do for
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的短语填空。
1．What did you ____________(do with/deal with) the troublesome problem within such a short time?
2．The soldiers were____________(put through / put down / put off) eight weeks of basic training.
[答案与解析]
1．do with。考查动词短语。句意：在这么短的时间内，你怎么处理这个棘手的问题？分析句子可知，本句为特殊疑问句，空处缺少谓语。由what可以知道，do with “处理”符合句意。故填do with。How 一般跟deal with 搭配。
2．put through。put through使经受；put down写下，镇压；put off推迟，延迟。句意：士兵们经受了八个星期的基本训练。
Ⅱ.根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。
drop off；in order；put up with；get used to；turn up
1．In the past two years the number of traffic accidents arising from drunk driving has ____________.
2．Some teachers find it difficult to keep their classes ____________.
3．Having lived in the country for many years，the old man couldn’t ____________ living in the city.
4．You never know where happiness will ____________ next, so grasp every chance around you.
5．Don’t ____________ anyone who smokes in the classroom.
[答案与解析]
1．dropped off。句意：在过去的两年中，因酒后驾驶而引起的交通事故数量有所下降。根据In the past two years“在最近的几年里”，可知句子用现在完成时态，drop off“下降”，故答案为dropped off。
2．in order
3．get used to。句意：在乡村生活了多年，这位老人无法适应在城市生活。句中get used to中的to是介词，后面接名词或动词­ing形式作宾语，意为“习惯(做)某事”。
4．turn up。句意：你永远不知道幸福接下来会在哪里出现，所以要抓住身边的每一个机会。turn up表示“出现”，故填turn up。
5．put up with
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
1．As better ways for digging tunnels were developed，the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884.(P50，L26­27)
译：随着开挖隧道方法的日渐进步，第一条穿过泰晤士河底的隧道于1884年动工。

As time went by，we grew up.
随着时光的流逝，我们长大了。
As more and more graduates come into the field，it is not easy to find a satisfying job here.
＝With more and more graduates coming into the field，it is not easy to find a satisfying job here.
随着越来越多的毕业生进入这一领域，在这儿要找到一份满意的工作不容易。
“with＋n.＋宾语补足语”这一结构，也有“随着……”的意思。
With the dark clouds approaching，comes the heavy rain.
随着乌云压顶，暴雨来了。
2．What do you think it was like travelling on it 100 years ago？(P53，Part F)
译：你认为100年前坐地铁旅行会是什么样的呢？

本句是带有插入语“do you think”的混合疑问句。
其句型结构为：
特殊疑问词＋＋陈述语序的句子？
温馨提示：若插入语为do you suggest，其后句子要用(should＋)动词原形。

中译英：
①你为什么相信她是无辜的呢？
________________________________ she is innocent?
②你建议她如何去那里呢？
__________________________________ she go there?
③你认为热度和温度是如何不同的呢？
__________________________________ heat is different from temperature?
[答案]
①Why do you believe　②How do you suggest
③How do you think
【运用提升】
句型转换：
1．What can I do？＝What do you think ________？
2．With time going by，you will forget all the awful things in the past.
＝As __________________，you will forget all the awful things in the past.
[答案与解析]
1．I can do。插入语do you think后面得改为陈述语序。
2．time goes by。句意：随着时间的流逝，你会忘记过去所有糟糕的事情。


对应学生用书p123
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rail services to London were 1.____________ (one) developed during the first half of the 19th century，2.____________ people couldn't build railway tracks into the city because 3.____________(do) that would have caused great damage 4.____________ many old buildings.So many horse­drawn buses，trams，cabs and carriages 5.____________(need) to transport people to the city centre，6.____________， however, often caused traffic jams.This problem led to the 7.____________(develop) of the underground system.In 1854，the Metropolitan Railway Company was allowed 8.____________(build) an underground railway and the first tunnels were opened in 1863.In 1868，9.____________ next section of the underground system was opened in the south of London by another company.In 1884，these two companies 10.____________(link) up and provided underground service in the middle of the city.
[答案]
1．first　2.but　3.doing　4.to　5.were needed　6.which
7．development　8.to build　9.the　10.linked