2021届高考英语通用版一轮复习考点专讲：考点31目的、结果状语从句学案

考点31  目的、结果状语从句高考频度：★★★☆☆ 一、目的状语从句1. in order that引导的目的状语从句in order that＂为了；以便＂。多用于正式文体，通常可以与so that换用。☆They stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake. 他们在杭州停了下来，以便游览西湖。The expert spoke slowly in order that everyone should understand. 专家讲得很慢，以便人人都能听得懂。2. so (that)引导的目的状语从句so that＂为了；以便＂。so that通常可以与in order that换用，它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后，在非正式文体中，常省略that。Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要讲得清楚，他们才可能听得懂。She wanted tea ready at seven so she could be out by eight. 她想让茶点在七点钟以前就备好，这样她八点就可以出门了。3. in case/for fear (that)/lest等引导的目的状语从句in case，for fear(that)和lest这三个从属连词都表示否定目的，意思是＂以免＂，＂以防＂。in case多用于英国英语，它所引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式，也可以是虚拟语气形式；for fear(that)引导的从句中的谓语带有may，might，should等情态动词；lest用于正式文体，它所引导的从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气形式。Take your umbrella with you, lest it should rain. =Take your umbrella in case it rains. 带上你的伞，以防下雨。He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain. 他带了一把伞，以防下雨。 1.(2018·天津卷·单项填空)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever since         B. as ifC. even though         D. so that【答案】D【解析】考查连词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意：让我们这个周末再摘这些桃子，这样的话，它们吃起来就变得足够的甜。A. ever since自那时起；B. as if好像；C. even though尽管；D. so that以便。从句为目的状语从句，故用so that引导。故选D。2.Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _______________ she could stay home and raise her family.A. now that    B. as if     C. only if     D. so that【答案】D【解析】考查连词。A.now that既然；B.as if好像；C.only if只要；D.so that以便。这里是so that引导的目的状语从句。句意：当Cathy的儿子出生的时候，她就放弃了自己的工作，以便待在家里照顾家人。根据句意故选D。【名师点睛】本题考查连词so that 的用法，此类辨析题需掌握引导状语从句的连词的不同含义并结合语境，本题中的so that引导目的状语从句。意思是：以致，为了，以便于。这个词组还可以和in order that，in order to，so as to 进行替换。所以做好此类题要先分析前后两个句子的关系，了解具体语境中的连词的意思，从而判断出正确的选项，学生要记得积累每一题中所出现的连词的意思，不能只看其表面。注意有的连词的意思并不是表面上的那样，如果出现不熟悉的词语，应该采用排除法，而不是直接看表面意思来选答案。二、结果状语从句1. so that引导的结果状语从句（1）so that引导的结果状语从句只能位于主句之后，中间可以有逗号。Suddenly it began to rain heavily, so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving. 突然下起了大雨，几乎无法继续开车。Linda phoned me in on arrival so that I know she was safe and sound. 琳达到达后给我打了电话，因而我知道她平安无事。（2）＂so that＂既可引导结果状语从句也可引导目的状语从句。究竟是引导的结果状语从句还是目的状语从句，除了根据句意来判断外，还可根据结构形式来加以判断。若从句前有逗号，一般为结果状语从句，如果从句中有情态动词，通常则为目的状语从句。They started out early, so that they didn’t miss the train. 他们早早就出发了，所以没误火车。（结果状语从句）They started out early so that they would not miss the train. 他们早早出发是为了不误火车。（目的状语从句）2. so...that引导的结果状语从句so...that＂如此……以致＂，that在非正式文体中可以省略，so后面接形容词或副词。She spoke so fast that nobody could catch what she was saying. 她说话如此之快竟没有人听出来她在讲什么。There is so little time left that I have to tell you about it later. 现在剩下的时间不多了，我只好以后再给你讲这件事。3. such...that引导的结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的such...that的具体内容是：such + a/an + 形容词+名词+that从句。其中的名词可以是可数名词的单数或复数，也可以是不可数名词。such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 + that从句可换成so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that从句。The Japanese student made such rapid progress that he soon began to write articles in Chinese. 那个日本留学生进步很快，不久就开始用中文写文章了。The professor told us such a funny story that all the students laughed. ＝The professor told us so funny a story that all the students laughed. 教授讲了个很有趣的故事，(以致于)所有的学生都笑了起来。4. such that引导的结果状语从句such that引导的结果状语从句多用于正式文体，主句为＂主—系—表＂句型。The force of the explosion was such that it blew out all the windows. 爆炸的力量很大，所有的窗户都被炸掉了。His anger was such that he lost control of himself. 他气得不能克制自己的感情。 1（2019·新课标III卷·语法填空）On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】so【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。2. The film Pio 2 is _____________ interesting ____________ I would like to see it again.A. such；that         B. too；to C. as；as          D. so；that【答案】D【解析】such修饰名词，而interesting是形容词，故予以排除；在too...to结构中，to是不定式符号，后面接动词原形；as...as结构表示同级比较，在此不符合句意；so...that意为＂如此……以至于＂，引导结果状语从句。根据句意可知选D。3. Wang Yaping is such an excellent astronaut ____________ she has been assigned to perform our country’s second manual space docking.A. as           B. that C. which          D. where【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句。句意：王亚平是如此优秀的宇航员以至于她被指派执行我们国家的第二次手控交会对接。such...that...＂如此……以至于＂，引导结果状语从句。   I．单项填空1.The situation in central London, _________ drivers spent 50% of their time in queues, became so bad                                                            _________the government decided to do something about it.A. which; that       B. which; what C. where; that       D. where; which2.Global warming is such a great threat _________ all the options deserve to be explored.A.as         B. that    C.so         D. and3.Mary took some books with her  _________she would not get bored during the long journey.A.in case        B.as if    C.in order that       D. only if4.Goals have to be realistic _________students can reach them and feel a sense of achievement.A.so long as        B.so that    C. now that        D. even though5.Wang Yaping is such an excellent astronaut _________she has been assigned to perform our country’s second manual space docking.A.as    B. that    C. which   D. where6.We were in_________ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.A. a rush so anxious     B. a such anxious rushC.so an anxious rush     D. such an anxious rush7.The manager was so disappointed at all_________ Hill was doing_________ he walked out of the office angrily.A. that; what      B. that; that C. which; which      D. what; that8.They held a meeting _________they could hear everyone’s idea.A. even if       B. now that C.in case       D.so that9.You must remind him to take his medicine, _________he forgets.A.in case of       B.in case C.in order that      D. even if10.Network is such an important part of society _________it has influenced our daily life.A.as        B. that C. which       D. whereII．语法填空Nearly forty percent of China’s young people born after 1990 have turned off notifications(通知) from social media apps due 　1　sensing the negative effects of social media, according to the 　2　(recent) released Kantar China Social Media Impact Report, Beijing Evening News reported.The report shows that social media, especially WeChat, 　3　(become) more and more popular in the past years among people over the age of 40, 　4　the WeChat use of the "post-90s" generation has slightly decreased, from 94.1 percent to 86.6 percent.Most of those people 　5　(interview) for the report mentioned that positive effects of social media include socializing with 　6　(acquaintance) and taking in more information. However, respondents also noted that social media has caused them to read fewer books, suffer from 　7　(bad) eyesight, sleep less and have less privacy, among other concerns.As 　8　result, 39 percent of the "post-90s" generation attempts 　9　(avoid) the negative effects of mobile phone use. In the first place, they turn off app notifications when necessary. Moreover, they intentionally limit the 　10　(frequent) of social media interactions(交流) and stay away from social media entirely in certain situations.I．单项填空1.C  【解析】考查定语从句和状语从句。句意：在伦敦市中心司机要花费50%的时间排队，这种情况非常严重以至于政府决定采取一些措施。“_________ drivers spent 50% of their time in queues”是定语从句，修饰situation，从句中作抽象地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故第一空填where；so…that…“如此……以至于……”是固定句型，that引导结果状语从句。故选C。2.B  【解析】考查状语从句。句意：全球变暖是一个如此大的威胁以至于所有的选择都值得被探索。"such…as…"引导定语从句：It is such a good plan as I suggested yesterday.3.C  【解析】考查状语从句。句意：Mary随身带了一些书以便在漫长的旅途中不会感到无聊。in order that"为了，以便"，引导目的状语从句。4.B 【解析】考查目的状语从句。句意：目标得现实一点，这样学生们才能实现它们，并且有成就感。空格后的句子是空格前句子的目的，所以用so that。 5.B  【解析】考查状语从句。句意：王亚平是如此优秀的宇航员以至于她被指派执行我们国家的第二次手控交会对接。such…that…"如此……以至于"，引导结果状语从句。 6.D  【解析】such a/an + 形容词+单数可数名词+that从句表示"如此……以至于……"。7.B  【解析】考查定语从句和状语从句。句意：经理对Hill做的所有事情如此失望，以至于他生气地离开了办公室。第一个that在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词all，which引导定语从句不能修饰all等不定代词；第二个that引导状语从句，so…that…"如此……以至于"。8.D 【解析】考查so that引导的目的状语从句。句意：他们召开一个会议以便能听听每个人的看法。由句意可知选D。 9.B 【解析】考查目的状语从句。分析句子结构可排除A项，分析语境可知此处是"万一，以防"的意思，故选B。10.B 【解析】考查such...that引导的结果状语从句。句意：网络是社会中如此重要的一部分以至于它已经影响了我们的日常生活。此题为such...that结构，故选B项。II．语法填空【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。过去几年里社交媒体在40岁以上人群中越来越受欢迎，然而部分90后却在逐渐减少社交媒体的使用。1.to【解析】考查介词。此处表示因为意识到社交媒体的负面影响。due to是固定短语，意为"由于，因为"，故填to。名师点金：表示"因为"的常用短语有because of， owing to， due to， on account of，thanks to， for the reason of， as a result of， out of等。2.recently【解析】考查副词。此处应用副词修饰released， 故填recently，意为"最近地"。3.has/have become【解析】考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语"in the past years"可知此处应用现在完成时，故填has/have become。4.while/but【解析】考查连词。在过去几年里，社交媒体，特别是微信，在40岁以上的人群中越来越受欢迎，然而90后一代对微信的使用却有轻微的下降。前后句之间是转折关系，故此处应用表转折关系的连词while或者but。5.interviewed【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词interview和people之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填interviewed。6.acquaintances【解析】考查名词复数。此处表示与认识的人交往。acquaintance表示"认识的人，熟人"是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，所以应用其复数形式。故填acquaintances。7.worse【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据空前的"read fewer books"和空后的"sleep less and have less privacy"可知，此处亦用比较级，故填worse。8.a【解析】考查冠词。as a result是固定短语，意为"结果"。故填a。9.to avoid【解析】考查非谓语动词。39%的90后试图避免手机使用带来的负面影响。attempt to do sth."试图做某事"，是固定用法。故填to avoid。10.frequency【解析】考查名词。根据空前的"the"和空后的"of"可知，此处应填名词frequency，表示"发生率，频率"。