2021届高考英语人教版一轮创新教学案：第1编Book7Unit2　Robots

Unit 2　Robots


1．What_thrilled_us_most_was_that the Chinese Kongfu Club put on a wonderful performance, winning a great deal of applause.
让人感到最兴奋的是，中国功夫俱乐部展示了精彩的表演，赢得了阵阵掌声。
2．What_satisfied_us_most_was_that of all the robots, ours stood out, winning the first prize.
最让我们满意的是，所有机器人中我们的制作脱颖而出，赢得了一等奖。
3．Acquiring_knowledge needs thinking again and again, which is a learning method helping me become a scientist.
获得知识需要反复思考，我就是靠这个学习方法成为了科学家。
4．With_the_development_of science and technology, more and more intelligent robots are being used in industrial fields.
随着科学技术的发展，越来越多的智能机器人正在被应用于工业领域。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词
(1)desire (n.) 渴望；欲望；渴求 (vt.) 希望得到；想要
(2)alarm (vt.) 使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 (n.) 警报；惊恐→alarmed (adj.) 担心的；害怕的
(3)sympathy (n.) 同情(心)
(4)favo(u)r (n.) 喜爱；恩惠 (vt.) 喜爱；偏袒→favo(u)rable (adj.) 赞成的；有利的→favo(u)rite (adj.) 最喜爱的
(5)accompany (vt.) 陪伴；伴奏→company (n.) 陪伴；做伴；公司→companion (n.) 伙伴；伴侣；同伴
(6)declare (vt.) 宣布；声明；表明；宣称→declaration (n.) 宣言；公布
(7)bound (adj.) 一定的；密切相关的
(8)staff (n.) 全体员工；手杖
(9)junior (adj.) 较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的 (n.) 年少者；晚辈；等级较低者
(10)talent (n.) 天才；特殊能力；才干→talented (adj.) 有才气的；有才能的
(11)divorce (n.) 离婚；断绝关系 (vt.) 与……离婚；与……脱离→divorcee (n.) 离婚的人→divorced (adj.) 离婚的
(12)obey (vt.& vi.) 服从；顺从→disobey (反义词) (vt.& vi.) 不服从；违抗

Ⅱ　阅读单词
(1)satisfaction (n.) 满意；满足；令人满意的事物
(2)overweight (adj.) 超重的；体重超常的
(3)elegant (adj.) 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的
(4)scan (vt.) 细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；浏览；扫描
(5)absurd (adj.) 荒谬的；可笑的
(6)envy (vt.) 忌妒；羡慕
(7)digital (adj.) 数字的；数码的；手指的；脚趾的
(8)affection (n.) 喜爱；爱；感情
(9)assessment (n.) 评价；评定

　[单句语法填空]
1.Everybody said Jane was a ________ (talent) girl because she did well in all her subjects.
答案：talented
2．I was very ________ (alarm) to hear the news.
答案：alarmed
3．Tom had a deep ________ (affect) for his grandfather.
答案：affection
4．It is ________ (declare) that the both sides agree to stop fighting.
答案：declared
5．I still remember that he often ________ (accompany) me to the supermarket.
答案：accompanied
6．The young lady dressed ________ (elegant) when she went to work.
答案：elegantly
7．He was right in his ________ (assess) and wrong in his prediction.
答案：assessment

8．The soldier who ________ (obey) the order has been severely punished.
答案：disobeyed
9．To the ________ (satisfy) of the teacher, the experiment was successful.
答案：satisfaction
10．The old man asked the boy to find his ________ (favour) book.
答案：favourite

联想积累
1．以over－开头的单词速记
①overweight adj. 超重的
②overlook v. 俯瞰；忽略
③overthrow v. 推翻；摒弃
④overhear v. 无意中听到；偶然听到
⑤overestimate v. 高估
⑥overflow v. 从……溢出
⑦overdue adj. 到期未付的；早该发生的
⑧overseas adv. 在海外；在国外 adj. 海外的；国外的(仅用于名词前)
⑨oversleep v. 睡过头
2．表示人“品质”的形容词荟萃
①elegant 高雅的
②mature 成熟的
③sensible 明智的；通情达理的
④shallow 肤浅的
⑤modest 谦虚的
⑥noble 高贵的
⑦generous 慷慨大方的
⑧determined 坚定的


1．test_out 　　　　　　检验；考验
2．accompany sb. to ... 陪伴某人去某地
3．ring_up 给……打电话
4．turn_around 转身；翻转
5．leave ... alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着
6．set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)
7．in all 总计；一共
8．be bound to 一定做……

　[选词填空]
test out， ring up， in all， be bound to， set aside， turn around
1．You ________ achieve your dreams if you insist on them and try your best.
答案：are bound to
2．The number of the students is 3,000 ________.
答案：in all
3．All our products must be ________ before they are put to the market on sale.
答案：tested out
4．He ________ and saw a beautiful girl with a smile on her face.
答案：turned around
5．I try to ________ some time to help my mother do the housework.
答案：set aside
6．I've been trying to ________ all day but I couldn't get through.
答案：ring up

联想积累
1．set相关短语全接触
①set about doing sth. 着手做某事
②set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)
③set off 出发；引起；使……爆炸
④set out 出发；开始做某事
⑤set up 开办；建立
⑥set down 停下来让(乘客)下车；记下
2．a＋n. ＋of常用短语
①a set of 一套
②a kind of 一种
③a series of 一系列
④a pair of 一双
⑤a couple of 一对
⑥a number of 许多
⑦a good deal of 许多
⑧a bit of 一点


课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
What a sweet victory to be envied by those women！
受到那些女士的妒忌，这该是多么甜美的胜利！
1.以what引导的感叹句。①What ＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！②What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！③What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
2.以how引导的感叹句。①How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语！②How ＋副词＋主语＋谓语！③How ＋主语＋谓语！
We paid a visit to the National Museum and created some hand made crafts by ourselves.
__________________________！我们参观了国家博物馆，还亲自动手做了一些手工艺品。多么有意义的一天！

答案：What a meaningful day

直击重点 突破考点

①desire　n. 渴望；欲望；渴求　vt. 希望得到；想要(P10)

(1)单句语法填空
①She has a strong desire ________ knowledge and wants to go to college very much.
②We desire that immediate help ________ (give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.
答案：①for　②(should) be given
(2)单句写作
We always ____________ in peace with all the other countries in the world.
我们一直希望与世界上其他国家和平相处。
答案：desire to live

(1)have a desire for ... /to do ... 渴望……/做……
have no desire to do sth. 不想做某事
satisfy one's desires 满足某人的愿望
(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
desire sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
desire that ... 希望……(后接虚拟语气的从句)
(3)desirable adj. 合意的；可取的；值得拥有的

desire作及物动词，不用于进行时态。desire意为“期望”时，后接宾语从句，宾语从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。此外，desire作名词，后接表语从句或同位语从句时，从句也要使用虚拟语气。

②favour (＝favor)　n. 喜爱；恩惠；帮助　vt. 喜爱；偏袒(P11)

(1)单句语法填空
①Could you do me ________ favour and turn the radio down while I'm on the phone?
②I'd say football is my ________ (favour) sport.
答案：①a　②favourite
(2)单句写作
Most of them were ____________ my opinion while David was against it.
他们大部分人赞成我的观点，而戴维反对。
答案：in favo(u)r of


(1)in favour of 赞成；支持
in one's favour 对某人有利
do sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙
(2)favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的
(3)favourite adj. 最喜爱的

③accompany　vt. 陪伴；伴奏；伴随(P11)

(1)单句语法填空
①With nobody ________ (accompany) her during the festival, the old lady felt lonely.
②He accompanied his father ________ the hospital to see what's wrong with his stomach.
答案：①accompanying　②to
(2)单句写作
①The boy went to the supermarket ________________ his mother.
小男孩在他妈妈的陪伴下去了超市。
②While she was singing on the stage, her mother ____________________ the piano.
她在台上唱歌时，她母亲在为她弹钢琴伴奏。
答案：①in the company of　②was accompanying her at/on


(1)accompany sb.＝keep sb. company 陪伴某人
accompany sb. to someplace 陪伴/陪同某人到某地
(2)accompany sb. at/on sth. 用某物为某人伴奏
be accompanied by 伴随
(3)companion n. 同伴；伙伴
company n. 陪伴；陪同；公司
in the company of sb. 在某人的陪伴/陪同下；与……一起

汉语中的“陪伴某人做某事”用英语不能表达成“accompany sb. to do sth.”而是表达成“to do sth. in the company of sb.”。


accompany

④declare　vt. 宣布；表明；声明；宣称(P11)

单句语法填空
①When the result ________ (declare), the crowd outside the hall cheered wildly.
②Angry residents have declared war ________ the owners of the factory.
③I disliked my present job, but my father declared ________ my idea.
答案：①was declared　②on　③against


declare sb./sth. (to be) sb./sth. 宣布某人/某事为……
declare for/against ... 声明/表示支持/反对……
declare war on ... 对……宣战

announce
announce指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息
declare
declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等


①ring up 给……打电话(P11)

(1)单句语法填空
①I ________ (ring) up and made an appointment with a doctor yesterday.
②Please give your mother ________ ring now that you arrived here safely.
答案：①rang　②a
(2)单句写作
①He ______________ before I could explain.
我还没来得及解释，他就把电话挂断了。
②Tell her I'll ______________ in a few minutes.
告诉她，我过几分钟就会给她回电话。
答案：①rang off/hung up　②ring back


(1)ring sb. up/call/telephone/phone sb./give sb. a call/give sb. a ring 给某人打电话
(2)ring back 回电话
(3)ring off/hang up 挂断电话
(4)hold on 别挂断

②leave ... alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起(P12)

(1)单句语法填空
He's in a bad mood right now. We'd better leave him ________.
答案：alone
(2)单句写作
①I'm very tired now. Would you please ____________？
我现在很累。你能让我一个人待着吗？
②Generally, we enjoy our friends' company, but there are occasions when we hope ________________ for a while.
通常来说，我们喜欢朋友们的陪伴，但也有时候我们希望可以单独待一会儿。
答案：①leave me alone　②to be left alone

(1)leave behind 把……抛在后面；留下
leave aside (把某事)搁置一边
leave for 出发前往
leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑
(2)let alone 更不用说；更谈不上

(1)在短语leave ... alone中，宾语不论是名词还是代词，都要放在leave与alone中间。
(2)leave him alone意为“让他独自一人待着”或“不干涉他”；而let him alone通常只作“不干涉/别打扰他”讲。

③set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)(P13)

(1)单句语法填空
You'd better ________ (set) aside a little money for our holiday recently.
答案：set
(2)单句写作
①You should __________________ every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
你应当每天留出一些时间来锻炼，这样你就可以保持精力充沛。
②After the experiment, please ________ the chemicals
and tools ________.
做完实验后，请把化学制品和工具放在一边收好。
答案：①set aside some time　②set; aside


set off 出发；起程；引爆
set about 着手；开始做……(后接名词、动名词)
set out 出发；开始做……(后接不定式)
set down 写下；记下
set up 建立；设立；搭起
set ... back 使推迟；耽误
set forth 出发；动身；起程；阐明；陈述

①[教材原句]As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.(P11)
她刚一转过身来，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。

(1)单句语法填空
By the window ________ (sit) a young man with a magazine in his hand.
答案：sits/sat
(2)单句写作
①All of a sudden the door opened and ____________ a group of children.
突然门开了，进来了一群孩子。
②Winter came. ______________ the birds to the south.
冬天来了。鸟飞往南方。
答案：①in came　②Away flew


句子谓语动词是go, come, run, stand, live等表示位置或转移的动词或be动词，且句中又以there, here, up, down, now, then, in, out, away等副词开头时，则主谓全部倒装。
引起完全倒装的几种情形：
(1)时间、地点、方位副词位于句首
(2)介词短语位于句首
(3)分词、不定式作表语时位于句首

主语是名词时需全部倒装，若主语是人称代词时，则不用倒装。

②[教材原句]How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought.(P11)
被她发现真是太糟糕了，克莱尔想。

(1)单句语法填空
It remains ________ (see) whether you are right.
答案：to be seen
(2)单句写作
①The airport ______________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
将于明年完工的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。
②I'm pleased ________________ this opportunity.
给我这次机会，我很高兴。
答案：①to be completed　②to have been given


to be discovered为不定式的被动形式，在句中作主语，该句补充完整为：How awful it was to be discovered ..., it为形式主语。to do不定式一般式的被动形式为to be done; 完成式的被动形式为to have been done, 表示此动作发生在谓语动词之前。

课文回练 升华运用
A robot used for housework was tested out in a family. He looked like a tall __1__ handsome man with smooth hair, __2__ (speak) in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot to accompany __3__ (he) wife Claire. Claire didn't like the idea at the beginning, but she __4__ (agree) to it at last. At the sight of Tony, Claire was alarmed. When Tony offered to help her dressing, Claire felt embarrassed. __5__ (gradual), Tony began to win Claire's trust. He helped Claire realize her dreams __6__ making her home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and __7__ (give) her advice on her dresses. Therefore at the party all the guests who __8__ (invite) were filled with admiration when they saw her house was completely changed. At the same time, Tony left a deep __9__ (impress) on all of them. After the test, the company was satisfied with Tony's report. What __10__ clever and lovely robot it is!
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.and　2.speaking　3.his　4.agreed　5.Gradually
6．by　7.giving　8.were invited　9.impression　10.a
基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.选词填空
test out, turn around, leave ... alone, set aside, in all, be impressed by, ring up, accompany sb. to, be designed for, after all
1．I don't know why you are so concerned—it is not your problem ________.
答案：after all
2．Dr Lee set up a series of experiments to ________ the function of the new robot.
答案：test out
3．Every time I ________ he seems to be checking up on me.
答案：turn around
4．The course ________ beginners who are interested in industry robots.
答案：is designed for
5．If you think he is really charming, why do you stay with me? Just ________ me ________！ Go ahead to get him!
答案：leave; alone
6．The young lady will ________ her husband ________ the mall to do some shopping for the coming Christmas.
答案：accompany; to
7．Try to ________ some time each day for exercise.
答案：set aside
8．There were 18 girls in my class ________.
答案：in all
9．I ________ and made an appointment.
答案：rang up
10．All of us ________ her enthusiasm.
答案：were impressed by
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．At the news that I won the first prize, I immediately ________ (打电话) my mother.
答案：rang up
2．It cramps my style to ________ (你老是盯着) over me all the time.
答案：have you watching
3．As is known to all, doing more reading ____________________ benefit you in the long run.
众所周知，从长远来看，多阅读一定对你有益。
答案：is bound to
4．______________________________________________________________
那天总共有20个小组参加机器人大赛。(take part in; in all)
答案：That day, there were 20 teams taking part in the Robots Contest in all.
5．_______________________________________________________________
我写信向你道歉，不能参加你的生日聚会，因为我不得不陪伴爷爷奶奶。
答案：I'm writing to apologize to you for not being able to attend your birthday party, for I have to accompany my grandparents.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class __1__ March 1st on movable type. This is __2__ ancient Chinese printing system.
The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province has introduced the course in the new term. An expert in Chinese characters culture has been invited to the campus, __3__ major responsibility is to teach students how __4__ (use) the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with __5__ (interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, __6__ (apply) the knowledge they've learned. One student printed her __7__ (new) written essay “Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their parents？\”
__8__ (know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing __9__ (invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the world's first system of movable type printing.
The school said the course is aimed at improving the students' awareness of Chinese characters and their __10__ (appreciate) of Chinese culture.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。杭州的一所小学开设活字印刷术课程以增强学生的汉字意识和提高中国文化鉴赏水平。本文介绍了该校的课程开设情况并简要介绍了活字印刷术。
1．on　考查介词。表示在具体的某一天，用介词on。
2．an　考查冠词。此处表示“一个古老的中国印刷系统”，表泛指，system是可数名词，且ancient的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
3．whose　考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，major responsibility与先行词An expert之间为所属关系，故填whose。
4．to use　考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定用法teach sb. how to do sth.为“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语结构。
5．interesting　考查词性转换。修饰名词用形容词，根据空格后的“classes”可知，此处应用interesting “有趣的”修饰。
6．applying　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词apply与其逻辑主语They之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词形式作状语。
7．newly　考查词性转换。written是动词write的过去分词，修饰动词应用副词，故填newly。
8．Known　考查非谓语动词。动词Know与其逻辑主语movable type printing之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词形式。
9．was invented　考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。由该句中的时间状语“in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty”可知，此处应用一般过去时；根据空格后的“by”可知，此处应用被动语态，movable type printing作主语，为第三人称单数，故填was invented。
10．appreciation　考查词性转换。their是形容词性物主代词，其后应跟名词，故填appreciation。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2019·广东省肇庆市高中毕业班第一次检测)
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to this year English speech competition. As an annual activity, it is popular with students, the purpose of the English speech competition is to help us improve our ability of communicating in English. In addition, it can also help to develop the good habit of reading. I'm surely we can make progresses in our listening, speaking, reading and writing through the competition.
A topic of the speech of this year is The English Novel I Like Best. Anyone who will take part in the competition can chose any novel you consider it the best. Then you can introduce it to the others. In the speech you should also explain the reason why you like the novel best in fluent English within five minutes. Remembering that correct pronunciation required in the competition too.
We sincerely hope the competition will be a success.
Thank you!
答案：
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to this English speech competition. As an annual activity, is popular with students, the purpose of the English speech competition is to help us improve our ability of communicating in English. In addition, it can also help to develop the good habit of reading. I'm we can make in our listening, speaking, reading and writing through the competition.
topic of the speech this year is The English Novel I Like Best. Anyone who will take part in the competition can any novel you consider the best. Then you can introduce it to the others. In the speech you should also explain the reason why you like the novel best in fluent English within five minutes. that correct pronunciation required in the competition too.
We sincerely hope the competition will be a success.
Thank you!
难项分析：
第二处：it→which　考查定语从句的引导词。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是“annual activity”，指物，在定语从句中作主语且引导非限制性定语从句用which，故将it改为which。
第八处：去掉it　考查定语从句。句中“any novel”是先行词，“you consider the best”是省略了引导词that的定语从句，引导词在定语从句中作consider的宾语，it是多余的，故去掉it。
第十处：required前加is　考查动词的语态。此处指正确的发音是被需要的，“correct pronunciation”和动词“require”是被动关系，用被动语态，故在required前加is。

课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2020·全国新高三开学联考)A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with dementia and other limitations live independently in their own homes.
The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors (传感器) equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instructions on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owners to objects like their medication or a snack in the kitchen.
“RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected，” said Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Currently, about 50 per cent adults over the age of 85 need assistance with everyday activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearly $2 trillion. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the financial pressure on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone.
RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to apply to their smart home environment. They recently published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that shows how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently.
“While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising，” Minor said. “The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what video reminders and other preferences they have regarding the robot.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。这款昵称RAS的机器人可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。
1．What plays a key role in RAS serving the elderly?
A．Sensors. B．Videos.
C．Signal lights. D．Head size.
答案：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“... uses sensors (传感器) equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are ...”可知，这款机器人主要是利用安装在智能屋的传感器来执行一系列服务老年人的活动。
2．What can we learn about RAS?
A．It is the first robot used in daily life.
B．Its function remains to be tested.
C．It can locate people and do any task.
D．It can cook for owners on its own.
答案：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance ...”可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测试。故选B项。
3．What's Minor's attitude toward the future of RAS?
A．Doubtful. B．Negative.
C．Optimistic. D．Uncertain.
答案：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的首句，尤其是句中的关键词promising “有希望的；光明的”可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观。
4．What would be a suitable title for the text?
A．Elderly People Leave the Nursing Home
B．Smart Home Tests First Elder Care Robot
C．RAS, the First Robot to Make Home Smart
D．Older Adults Have Benefited from RAS a Lot
答案：B　主旨大意题。文章介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的为老年人服务的家用机器人。由最后一段第二句可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试。故B项为最佳标题。

(2020·湖北省孝感市第一中学高三月考)Americans are worried about new technology. They are concerned that machines, including robots, will take over work now done by humans. These findings come from a new report by the Pew Research Center of Washington D．C.
About 75 percent of Americans questioned by Pew say automation will increase income inequality between the rich and the middle class and the poor. And 64 percent of people expect automation to be so common in America that people will face difficulty finding things to do with their lives.
Some of the concerns about technology come from a distrust about whether machines will always make the right decision. Many Americans believe humans have better judgment in dealing with complex matters. One example is selecting a person for a job. Three quarters of Americans say they will not want to apply for a job that uses a computer program to choose the most qualified person.
Most Americans want the government to limit automation, for example, 87 percent support a requirement that all driverless vehicles have a human in the driver's seat who can take control when needed. And 85 percent want to limit machines to mostly doing jobs that are dangerous or unhealthy for humans. And only 25 percent expect more jobs to come from automation.
Mark Zuckerberg, the co­founder of Facebook, spoke last May to graduating seniors from Harvard University in Massachusetts. His talk centered on the uncertain future facing young people. “Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automation like self­driving cars and trucks，” Zuckerberg told the graduates. Zuckerberg said young people would have to find projects that would bring both jobs and direct benefits to the people of the world. He said in his speech that 300,000 people worked to put a man on the moon, and millions of people built the Hoover Dam as well as other great projects over the last 100 years.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。毫无疑问，机器人的应用对人类来说是一个巨大的进步，但是美国人对此却产生了担心……
5．What do Americans think of technology?
A．Useful. B．Effective.
C．Dangerous. D．Undependable.
答案：D　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Americans are worried about new technology.”，第二段第一句“About 75 percent of Americans questioned by Pew say ... and the poor.”，第三段第一句“Some of the concerns about technology come from a distrust about whether machines will always make the right decision.”和第四段第一句“Most Americans want the government to limit automation ...”等信息可知美国人对科技的态度，他们担心新技术带来的变化，认为自动化将增加富人、中产阶级和穷人之间的收入差距，主张限制自动化。由以上观点可以看出美国人认为科技是不可信赖的，故选D项。
6．Which of the following do the majority of Americans want the government to do?
A．Use machines to do dangerous and harmful jobs.
B．Increase job chances by introducing machines.
C．Select a person for a job by the computer.
D．Get rid of all driverless vehicles.
答案：A　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知多数美国人希望政府让机器人从事一些危险或对人类健康不利的工作，故选A项。
7．What did Zuckerberg encourage the students to do?
A．Refuse self­driving vehicles.
B．Create new job chances.
C．Consider large projects.
D．Fight against robots.
答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automation like self­driving cars and trucks”和倒数第二句可知，Zuckerberg认为年轻人必须面对许多工作自动化的现实，寻找能给世界人民带来工作和直接利益的项目。故选B项。
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．New Technology Creates More Jobs
B．New Technology Makes New Unfairness
C．Americans Worry Robots Will Take Jobs
D．Robots Make Work Easy to Do for Workers
答案：C　标题判断题。通读全文并根据每段中心句可知，美国人担心随着科技发展机器人会代替人类工作。Americans Worry Robots Will Take Jobs概括了全文内容，适合作为文章标题。故选C项。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·广东省高三六校第一次联考)
What does Wi－Fi stand for?
Long gone are the days of dial－up and waiting for your turn to use the computer. It's easier than ever to connect to the Internet in the digital world today. __1__
Wi－Fi is a wireless network that uses radio frequency signals to connect to the Internet or send messages between devices without wires. Everything from your phone and laptop to tablets and printers can use Wi－Fi, thanks to these waves. __2__ Two years later, a group of companies formed the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA, now the Wi－Fi Alliance), a global non－profit organization created to promote the new Wi－Fi standard.
None of that history explains what Wi－Fi stands for, because the phrase doesn't stand for anything. Wi－Fi is a trademarked term describing the device or technology based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) wireless communication standard 802.11, according to the Wi－Fi Alliance. __3__ So the Wi－Fi Alliance hired the marketing company Interbrand to come up with a shorter name: Wi－Fi, according to one of the founding Alliance members.
__4__ The rumor that it stands for “Wireless Fidelity (无线保真)\” is thanks to the Alliance. Some members didn't understand the branding or marketing for Wi－Fi. They felt consumers would want an explanation for the name. So the Alliance agreed to include a tagline: The Standard for Wireless Fidelity. That's why so many people assume Wi－Fi stands for wireless fidelity, but the tagline came after the name. __5__ Don't add to the confusion and stop associating these phrases by learning the real meaning behind these acronyms (首字母缩略词)．
A．That's a mouthful.
B．This is mostly thanks to Wi－Fi.
C．The name caused a misconception about Wi－Fi.
D．There is some debate surrounding the question what Wi－Fi stands for.
E．In 1997, a committee of industry leaders approved a common Wi－Fi standard.
F．Several years ago, a common standard of Wi－Fi was set up by several companies.
G．Plus, the Alliance removed the tag, although the confusion it brought still lives on today.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。在当今的数字世界，上网比之前更加容易，这主要感谢Wi－Fi，本文介绍了什么是Wi－Fi。
1．B　根据第一段前两句可知，拨号上网的日子早已成为过去，如今和以往相比更容易连接网络，且设空处下文紧接着介绍了Wi－Fi的相关内容，由此可知，B项“这主要感谢Wi－Fi\”承上启下，符合语境。
2．E　根据设空后一句可知，两年后，几个公司成立了无线以太网兼容性联盟，目的是推广新的Wi－Fi标准。与新的标准相对应则是一般的、普通的标准，E项中的“a common Wi－Fi standard”与设空后的“new Wi－Fi standard”对应，再结合常识和语境可知答案选E项。
3．A　根据前一句可知，根据Wi－Fi联盟的说法，Wi－Fi是一个商标术语，用来描述基于IEEE无线通信标准802.11的设备或技术，下文表明Wi－Fi联盟聘请了营销公司Interbrand为它起了一个短一点的名字：Wi－Fi；由此可知，上文的那个名字又长又拗口。故A项符合语境。mouthful意为“又长又拗口的词(或短语)”。
4．D　根据下文中的“The rumor that”和“Some members didn't understand”可推知，人们对于Wi－Fi是什么这个问题还有一些争议，故选D。
5．G　根据设空后一句可知，作者建议不要混淆两者；设空前两句又表述该联盟的标签带来了混淆。由此可知，G项“而且，虽然该联盟去除了这个标签，但它带来的困惑到现在仍然存在”符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试)I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how __1__ (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes fixed on me. I had no choice but __2__ (prepare) for it, though. First of all, I was to draft the speech, __3__ was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part __4__ (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory—for it __5__ (forbid) to read from the paper. The real moment began when I stood on the platform with my legs __6__ (tremble) and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found __7__ (I) back, delivering my speech without difficulty. After __8__ seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding—I made it! From then on, my fear of talking before the audience disappeared. Actually with my __9__(confident) built up, I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the __10__ (great) difficulty on my way to success is my fear. Overcome it and I will be able to achieve my goals.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过一次演讲克服了自己的恐惧心理，增强了自信。
1．terribly　考查词性转换。修饰形容词一般用副词，故用副词terribly修饰形容词shy，在句中作状语。
2．to prepare　考查非谓语动词。have no choice but to do sth.为固定用法，意为 “除了……，别无选择”，符合语境，故此处用不定式形式。
3．which　考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指代“to draft the speech”，故用which。
4．lay　考查动词的时态。根据上文中的was可知，文中描述的事情发生在过去，故此处用一般过去时，故填lay。
5．was forbidden　考查动词的时态和语态。forbid和句子的形式主语it之间是动宾关系，且事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
6．trembling　考查非谓语动词。“with＋宾语(名词或代词)＋宾补”为独立主格结构。此处my legs和tremble构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。
7．myself　考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示“我发现我自己恢复原状”，应为“found myself back”，故应填反身代词myself。
8．what　考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的东西”，故用what引导该宾语从句。
9．confidence　考查词性转换。由空前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处用名词形式，即confidence。
10．greatest　考查形容词的最高级。根据语境和空前的定冠词the以及空后的名词difficulty可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式，故填greatest。
Ⅳ.书面表达
社会发展到了2080年，照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求适时推出了家用机器人。该机器人的主要功能有：
1．可以在固定的时间做饭，做饭时间可以根据个人需要进行调整；
2．可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；
3．及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打急救电话等。
请你根据以上内容写一篇发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐你公司的这一新产品。
注意：1.可以适当增加细节，使内容连贯；
2．词数100左右。
　
　
　
[精彩范文]
Ladies and gentlemen，
Thank you for attending our company's news conference. It is known to us all that people have to face various pressures as a result of the development of economy. They will not have enough time to accompany the old people in their family, which has become a prominent social problem. To solve this problem, our company put out the household robot designed to take care of old people. It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs and it can also accompany old people, such as having a chat, playing chess and doing exercise with them. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies, for example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help.
It would be a great help for you if you own such a robot.
Thank you.