2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题二Book5Unit4Makingthenews





1．You were only looking at what the media has shown you.
你只是在看媒体呈现给你的东西。
2．Differences—both real and imagined—are invariably exaggerated in the media and in society as a whole.
差别——不管是真实的还是主观想象的——总是被媒体和社会夸大。
3．In conclusion, media should not be seen simply as bad or good because we need to use information properly to the best of our ability.
总之，媒体不应被简单视为坏的或好的，因为我们需要尽我们所能正确地使用信息。
4．As scheduled, the activity is supposed to take place in our school auditorium at 2：00 next Friday afternoon.
按计划，活动在下周五下午两点在学校礼堂举行。


自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词
(1)delighted (adj.) 快乐的；欣喜的→delight (n.) 快乐；高兴→delightful (adj.) 可爱的；可喜的；令人愉快的
(2)assist (vt.) 帮助；协助；援助→assistant (n.) 助手；助理；售货员
(3)concentrate (vi.& vt.) 集中；聚集→concentrated (adj.) 集中的；全力以赴的；浓缩的→concentration (n.) 集中；专心
(4)acquire (vt.) 获得；取得；学到→acquired (adj.) 已获得的；已成习惯的→acquisition (n.) 获得；取得；收购
(5)assess (vt.) 评估；评定→assessment (n.) 评定；估价
(6)inform (vt.) 告知；通知→information (n.) 资料；消息
(7)accuse (vt.) 指责；谴责；控告→accusing (adj.) 指责的
(8)demand (n.) 需求；要求 (vt.) 强烈要求→demanding (adj.) 要求很高的；费力的
(9)approve (vt.) 批准；赞成；认可→disapprove (反义词) (vt.) 不批准；不赞成→approval (n.) 赞成；批准；认可
(10)process (n.) 过程；程序；步骤 (vt.) 加工；处理→procession (n.) 行列；队伍
Ⅱ　阅读单词
(1)journalist (n.) 记者；新闻工作者
(2)editor (n.) 编辑
(3)admirable (adj.) 值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的
(4)eager (adj.) 渴望的；热切的
(5)update (vt.) 更新；使现代化
(6)meanwhile (adv.) 其间；同时
(7)case (n.) 情况；病例；案例
(8)publish (vt.) 出版；发行；发表；公布
(9)gifted (adj.) 有天赋的
(10)appointment (n.) 约会；任命
　[单句语法填空]
1．Our software, unless ________ (update) on a regular basis, may not serve us well in our work.
答案：updated
2．To welcome the foreign guests, we cleaned our school ________ (thorough) yesterday.
答案：thoroughly
3．He is a ________ (gift) musician and promises to be a famous musician.
答案：gifted
4．Not until one of his works ________ (publish) was he able to gain his confidence in writing.
答案：was published
5．You should phone his secretary if you want to make an ________ (appoint)．
答案：appointment
6．He took the first place in the exam and his parents were ________ (delight) to know about it.
答案：delighted
7．The truth is that the committee gave its ________ (approve) to the plan after giving it careful thought.
答案：approval
8．I was feeling a bit ________ (guilt) about having shouted at her.
答案：guilty
9．He is so ________ (usual) that sometimes no one knows what he says.
答案：unusual
10．They advise children ________ (acquire) good habits.
答案：to acquire

联想积累
“赞成”与“反对”的高频词汇荟萃
(1)赞成；支持
①approve vt. 批准；赞同　 ②support vt.& n. 支持
③favour vt.& n. 赞成 ④be in favour of 支持
(2)反对
①oppose vt. 反对 ②object vi. 反对
③object to 反对 ④be opposed to 反对
⑤be against 反对

1．be_delighted_to_do_sth. 很高兴做某事
2．be_eager_to_do_sth./for_sth. 渴望做某事/得到某物
3．concentrate_on 集中；全神贯注于
4．inform_sb._of_sth. 通知某人某事
5．depend_on 依靠；依赖；取决于
6．accuse ... of ... 因……指责/控告……
7．so as to (do sth.) 为了(做)……
8．ahead of 在……前面
9．approve of ... 赞同/赞成……
10．make an appointment with ... 与……约会/预约
　[选词填空]
accuse ... of ..., depend on, ahead of, approve of, inform ... of ... , so as to
1.He was the sort of person you could ________.
答案：depend on
2．Mr Smith ________ the young man ________ lying.
答案：accused; of
3．Please keep us ________ the latest development about our club.
答案：informed of
4．We finished the work several days ________ the deadline.
答案：ahead of
5．Her father will never ________ her marriage to you.
答案：approve of
6．We should learn from past mistakes ________ avoid falling into the same trap again.
答案：so as to

联想积累
1．“动词＋on”必备短语一览
①work on 从事　　 ②get on 取得进展；相处
③look on 旁观；观看 ④call on 拜访；号召
⑤fix on 使集中于…… ⑥switch/turn on 打开
⑦rely/depend on 依靠 ⑧take on 呈现；承担
⑨hold on 不挂断；坚持 ⑩try on 试穿
⑪base ... on ... 以……为基础
⑫carry on 继续；坚持；进行
⑬go on 继续 ⑭put on 穿上；上演
2．“v.＋sb.＋of＋sth.”结构大集合
①inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
②warn sb. of sth. 警告/告诫某人某事
③cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人某病；矫正某人的不良行为
④remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
⑤suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事
⑥rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物
⑦convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
⑧accuse sb. of sth. 因某事指责/控告某人
⑨rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物


课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
1.A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.
一个足球运动员被控告受贿，故意不进球，好让另一队赢球。
so as to do ... 相当于in order to do ... “为了……”，但是so as to不能置于句首，in order to可以置于句首。
The next afternoon, in a nearby community, we delivered a speech ________________ of protecting the environment.
第二天下午，我们在附近的社区发表演讲，为的是提高人们的环保意识。
2.So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.
因此我们安排这名球员和被认为对他行贿的人一起接受采访。
be supposed todo “应该做……”
Everyone _________________ gather at the school gate exactly at 1：30 pm, Friday.
每个人应该在周五下午一点半准时在学校大门口集合。

答案：1.so as to raise people's awareness　2.is supposed to

直击重点 突破考点

①　inform　vt. 通知；告知(P26)

(1)单句语法填空
①We regret ________ (inform) you that we can't help you.
②Don't worry. We'll keep you ________ (inform) while you're away.
③Pat refused to give her any ________ (inform) about Sarah.
答案：①to inform　②informed　③information
(2)单句改错
They will inform him any progress they have made.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：him后加of/about

inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事
inform sb. that ... 告知某人……
keep sb. informed of ... 通知某人……；使某人知道/了解……
information n. 消息；信息

②　case　n. 情况；病例；案例(P26)

单句写作
①______________， we should get our bikes inside the house.
我们应该把自行车放到屋里，以防下雨。
②You like Chinese. ______________， why not choose to go to college in China?
你喜欢中文。这样的话，为什么不选择在中国上大学呢？
③____________ should you forget your task.
你决不能忘记自己的任务。
答案：①In case of rain/In case it rains　②In this case　③In no case

in case of ... 假使……；如果……
in case 以防万一(引导状语从句时，从句谓语用一般现在时代替一般将来时)
in any case 无论如何；不管怎样
in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话；在这种/那种情况下
in no case 决不
as is often the case 情况通常是这样

(1)case意为“情况；情形”时，若为定语从句的先行词，且从句中缺少状语时，定语从句的引导词多用where。若从句中缺少主语或宾语，则定语从句的引导词多用that/which。类似的还有：point, situation, stage, position等。
(2)in case后接从句时，不加that。
(3)in no case置于句首时，句子采用部分倒装。

③　demand　n. 要求；需求　vt. 强烈要求(P26)

(1)单句语法填空
①He demanded ________ (try) again.
②People demanded that all the facts ________ (make) public.
③It seemed that no matter what she did, more was demanded ________ her.
答案：①to try　②(should) be made　③of
(2)单句写作
①As is known, good teachers are always ______________________________.
众所周知，社会总是需要大量的优秀教师。
②I ____________________ the headmaster.
我强烈要求见校长。
答案：①in great demand　②demanded to see

(1)demand to do sth. 坚决/强烈要求做某事
demand that ... (should) do sth. 要求……做某事

(2)be in (great) demand 急需；需求(量)大
on demand 一经要求
meet the demand for sth. 满足对某物的需求

(1)demand后的宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语动词常用should do形式， should可以省略。
(2)“要求/请求某人做某事”可以用ask sb. to do sth.，但不能说demand sb. to do sth.。

④　approve　vt. 赞成；认可；批准(P30)

(1)单句语法填空
①The building ________ (approve) in 2010, two years after the design competition.
②She does not approve ________ me/my leaving school this year.
答案：①was approved　②of
(2)单句改错
The plan was submitted to the committee for official approve.
________________________________________________________________
答案：approve→approval

(1)approve sth. 通过、批准某事
approve of sth./sb. 赞同、赞成某事/某人
approve of sb./one's doing sth. 同意某人做某事
(2)approval n. 批准；认可；同意；赞同
give (one's) approval to 批准
(3)disapprove vt. 不赞成；不批准；不认可
(4)disapproval n. 不批准；不赞成；不同意

同意某人做某事所用的approve of sb./one's doing sth.结构中，介词of后是v.­ing的复合结构。


①　concentrate on 集中在；专心于(P26)

(1)单句语法填空
As students, ________ (concentrate) is the first requirement for learning.
答案：concentration
(2)单句改错
I can't concentrate to my studies with that noise going on.
_______________________________________________________________
答案：to→on
(3)单句写作
We must ________________ protecting our intangible cultural heritage.
我们必须致力于保护我们的非物质文化遗产。
答案：concentrate our efforts on

(1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 专心(做)某事
concentrate one's attention/energy/efforts/mind on sth. 集中注意力/精力/思想于某事
(2)concentration n. 集中；专心

be absorbed in ... 专心于……
fix/focus ... on ... 集中……于……
pay attention to ... 注意……；留心……
apply oneself to ... 专心于……
put one's heart into ... 专心于……
keep one's mind on ... 专心于……
包括concentrate on在内的这些短语中的in, to, on均为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词形式。

②　depend on 依靠；依赖；取决于(P26)

单句写作
①Whether you feel happy or not ____________ your attitude to what happens to you.
你是否感觉幸福取决于你对发生在你身上的事情的态度。
②You may ________________ he will help you.
你可以指望他帮助你。
③I don't know if we can help；______________.
我不知道我们能不能帮上忙，那要看情况而定。
答案：①depends on/upon　②depend on/upon it that　③it (all) depends/that depends

(1)depend on/upon sb./sth. 依靠、依赖某人/物
depend on/upon sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事
depend on/upon it that ... 相信；指望……
(2)It (all) depends./That depends. 视情况而定
(3)independent adj. 独立的；自主的
(4)independence n. 独立

③　accuse ... of ... 因……指责或控告……(P26)

(1)单句语法填空
________ (accuse) of murder, the man was put into prison.
答案：Accused
(2)单句写作
①Don't ____________________ lying without concrete proof.
没有确凿的证据就不要指责别人撒谎。
②______________ acting dishonestly, he began to behave himself in everything.
被指控行为不诚实/不端，他开始规范自己的所作所为。
答案：①accuse anyone of　②Accused of/Charged with

(1)accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指责/控告某人(做)某事
be accused of 被指控……
(2)charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事
be charged with 被指控……


①　[教材原句]Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. (P26)
周阳将永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报报社的第一项工作任务。

单句写作
①Never in all my life ________________ such a horrible thing.
我一辈子也没见过这么恐怖的事。
②Not only ________________ the qualifications for the job, but I have the right personality for it.
我不仅具备做好这项工作的资格，而且具备相应的人格魅力。
③Hardly __________________________ on the stage when the audience rose and cheered.
那位歌手一出现在舞台上观众就站起来欢呼。
答案：①have I seen　②do I have　③had the singer appeared

此句为倒装句：
(1)否定副词never置于句首，句子需用部分倒装结构，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be提到主语之前。
(2)常用的否定副词和含有否定意义的介词短语还有not, little, seldom, hardly, scarcely, neither, nor, at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等。

②　[教材原句]His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin(HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist. (P26)
他与他的新老板胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。

(1)单句语法填空
The books in this room are not to ________ (take) outside.
答案：be taken
(2)单句写作
①The flower ____________ without being watered frequently.
不经常浇水的话，这株花就会死掉。
②As scheduled, all of us ____________ outside of the school gate at seven o'clock.
按计划，我们大家将于7点钟在校门口外集合。
③If you ______________， you have to work harder.
如果你想成功，你必须更加努力学习。
答案：①is to die　②are to meet/gather　③are to succeed

“be to＋动词原形”的常见用法：
(1)表示不可避免将要发生或以后注定要发生的事情。
(2)表示“按计划、安排要做某事或打算做某事”。
(3)语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to，表示命令、吩咐或禁止的语气。
(4)用于if, even if/though从句中表示对未来的假设。

课文回练 升华运用
Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment as a __1__ (report) at the office of a popular English newspaper. At the office, his talk with his new boss influenced __2__ (he) life strongly. His boss first put him as an assistant to an __3__ (experience) journalist and later allowed him to cover a story and submit the article himself. During the interview, he had to listen for __4__ (detail) facts and prepare the next question depending on __5__ the person said. If the interviewee agreed, he could use a recorder to get the facts straight. The boss also gave him __6__ example of the importance of a recorder. Once a footballer was accused __7__ taking money for __8__ (deliberate) not scoring goals to let the other team win. He admitted that someone had tried to bribe him, but denied __9__ (take) money. The recording __10__ (prove) that he was guilty.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.reporter　2.his　3.experienced　4.detailed　5.what　6.an　7.of　8.deliberately　9.taking　10.proved

基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We must concentrate our effort on ________ (find) ways to reduce costs.
答案：finding　concentrate one's effort on ... “集中精力……”，on为介词，故填动名词finding。
2．They study hard ________ (acquire) a good knowledge of English.
答案：to acquire　此处不定式在句中作目的状语。
3．I'll keep you ________ (inform) of the progress made at any time.
答案：informed　keep sb. informed of sth. “通知某人某事/使某人了解某事”。
4．It is difficult ________ (assess) the effects of these changes.
答案：to assess　It is＋adj.＋to do sth. “做某事是……的”。
5．You can never depend on it ________ he can arrive on time.
答案：that　depend on it that “指望/相信……”。
6．—Are you ________ (accuse) me of lying to the headmaster?
—I'm sure you did.
答案：accusing　accuse sb. of (doing) sth. “指责/控告某人(做)某事”。本句是一般疑问句，谓语动词用现在进行时。
7．All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to ________ (receive) in time for Christmas.
答案：be received　so as to do ... “为了做……”，gifts与receive之间为被动关系，故应填be received。
8．There are cases ________ this rule does not work.
答案：where　若定语从句的先行词为抽象地点名词case, stage, point, position, condition等时，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导定语从句，本句属于这种情况。
9．He left the classroom without the ________ (approve) of the teacher.
答案：approval　由空格前的“the”和空格后的“of”可知，设空处应填名词形式，即approval。
10．People demanded that the injured ________ (take) to hospital at once.
答案：(should) be taken　demand意为“要求”，后跟宾语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。主语the injured与动词take之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．At the class meeting, our monitor ________________ (告诉我们) the exciting news—the English Song Singing Competition was to be held on Friday.
答案：informed us of
2．Never ________________ (他将……忘记) his first time to be showed around Beijing.
答案：will he forget
3．Hardly __________________________ when it began to move.
我一上火车，火车就开动了。
答案：had I boarded the train
4．_________________________________________________________
我非常高兴收到你送的花，它们使我的客厅变得如花园一般。(be delighted to do)
答案：I was very delighted to receive your flowers, which turned my living room into a garden.
5．_________________________________________________________
让我们努力工作以便创造一个和谐的社会。
答案：Let's work hard so as to create a harmonious society.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·惠州市高三第一次调研考试试题)Today, Mount Qomolangma's peak is not a lonely place any more. Over 3,500 people have __1__ (successful) climbed the mountain over the past year. Meanwhile, climbers have complained about __2__ (wait) for hours in the bottlenecks.
In fact, the dangerous __3__ (crowd) aren't the only problem. All those climbers need __4__ (bring) a lot of gear (设备), much of which ends up being left on the mountain. It is becoming the world's __5__ (tall) rubbish dump.
But the good news is __6__ some mountaineers have started to clean up Qomolangma. Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of Eco Everest Expedition, which has been cleaning up rubbish since 2008. So far they __7__ (collect) over 13 tons of garbage.
Some of that rubbish is even being used for __8__ higher purpose. As part of the Mount Everest 8848 Art Project, a group of 15 artists from Nepal collected 1.5 tons of garbage. They've changed the cans and oxygen tanks into 74 pieces of art that have already been exhibited __9__ Nepal's capital. Part of the profit from sales __10__ (be) available for the Everest Peakeers Association which has helped collect rubbish off the mountain.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的污染情况以及现在采取的应对污染的措施和取得的进步。
1．successfully　考查词性转换。修饰谓语动词应用副词，故填successfully。
2．waiting　考查非谓语动词。此处介词about之后应用动名词形式，故填waiting。
3．crowds　考查名词。根据空格前的形容词dangerous可知，空格处应用名词形式，crowd“人群”为可数名词，且句子的谓语aren't为复数形式，所以应用复数形式crowds。
4．to bring　考查非谓语动词。此处表示所有这些登山者都需要带着大量设备，故此处用need to do sth. “需要做某事”。
5．tallest　考查形容词的最高级。根据句中的the world's表述“全世界范围内的”可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故用形容词最高级tallest。
6．that　考查表语从句的连接词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中不充当成分，无语意，仅起连接作用，故用that引导该从句。
7．have collected　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语So far可知，此处表示截止到现在已收集的垃圾数量，所以应用现在完成时；又主语they为复数，故填have collected。
8．a　考查冠词。此处表示“一个更高的目标”，表泛指，在文中第一次提到，且higher的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。
9．in　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“在尼泊尔的首都”，故填in “在(某范围或空间内的)某一点”。
10．is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时；该句主语为“Part of the profit from sales”，表示单数概念，应填is。
Ⅳ.短文改错
I live in a small town in the south. This is typical Chinese town. There is only two main streets which across in the middle of the town. Around the town stand a high wall, which was built long ago, and it is still possibly to walk along it. No motorcars are allowed in the business streets, that makes shopping very easier and safer. On warm days some small restaurants put table and chairs outside the houses to let people to take a rest and have some tea or ice cream. There are no tall buildings but some beautifully parks.
答案：
I live in a small town in the south. This is typical Chinese town. There only two main streets which in the middle of the town. Around the town a high wall, which was built long ago, and it is still to walk along it. No motorcars are allowed in the business streets, makes shopping ∕ easier and safer. On warm days some small restaurants put and chairs outside the houses to let people take a rest and have some tea or ice cream. There are no tall buildings but some parks.

难项分析：
第三处：across→cross　考查动词。该句为which引导的定语从句，先行词为two main streets，从句中缺少谓语动词，故将across改为cross。
第四处：stand→stands　考查倒装句式。该句主语为a high wall，故将stand改为stands。
第七处：very→much或去掉very　考查副词。easier与safer为形容词比较级，应用much来修饰。或把very去掉。