2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题七Book7Unit3Underthesea

1．Sea pollution is becoming an increasingly serious problem, and we have the responsibility to reduce sea pollution.

海洋污染正变得日益严峻，我们有责任缓解海洋污染问题。

2．It is said that the voice and wind of the sea are very comfortable.

据说大海的声音和海风是很令人舒服的。

3．The sea looks beautiful on a fine sunny day, but when there's a strong wind, it's very rough.

在阳光灿烂的日子里，大海很美丽，但刮大风的时候它就会变得非常凶猛。

4．With my vivid introduction to the Silk Road, those cold historical facts seemed to become alive like a giant scroll of fine arts, attracting the audience so much.

由于我对丝绸之路的生动讲解，使得这些冰冷的历史事实似乎变成了栩栩如生的画卷，吸引了大批听众。

自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　　核心单词

(1)annual (adj.)  每年的；按年度计算的 (n.) 年刊；年鉴→annually (adv.) 每年→anniversary (n.) 周年纪念日

(2)witness (vt.) 当场见到；目击 (n.) 目击者；证人；证据

(3)pause (vi.& n．) 暂停；中止

(4)drag (vt.) 拖；拉；扯

(5)urge (vt.) 催促；极力主张；驱策 (n.) 强烈的欲望；冲动→urgent (adj.) 急迫的；催促的→urgency (n.) 紧急；迫切

(6)abandon (vt.) 放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned (adj.) 被遗弃的；放纵的

(7)target (n.) 目标；靶；受批评的对象

(8)reflect (vi.) 思考 (vt.) 映射；反射；思考→reflection (n.) 反射；反映

(9)aware (adj.) 意识到的；知道的→unaware (adj.) 没有意识到的；不知道的→awareness (n.) 意识；觉悟

(10)neat (adj.) 〈口〉好的；整齐的；匀称的

(11)scare (vt.) 恐吓 (vi.) 受惊吓→scared (adj.) 恐惧的；害怕的→scary (adj.) 骇人的；恐怖的

Ⅱ　　阅读单词

(1)accommodation (n.) 住所；住宿

(2)opposite (prep.) 在……对面 (adj.) 相对的；相反的

(3)flee (vi.) 逃避；逃跑 (vt.) 逃离

(4)depth (n.) 深(度)；深处

(5)relationship (n.) 关系；血缘关系；交往

(6)pure (adj.) 纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的

(7)vivid (adj.) 生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的

(8)sharp (adj.) 锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的

(9)tasty (adj.) 好吃的；可口的

(10)steep (adj.) 陡峭的

　[单句语法填空]

1．He described ________ (vivid) what he saw in London to us.

答案：vividly

2．The meeting was aimed at strengthening safety ________ (aware) of employees.

答案：awareness

3．The soup is ________ (taste), and I like it very much.

答案：tasty

4．Some flowers are ________ (reflect) in the river and they are very beautiful.

答案：reflected

5．It is ________ (urge) that we should finish the job as soon as possible.

答案：urged

6．He ________ (pause) for breath and then continued climbing.

答案：paused

7．The little girl is ________ (scare) of going out alone.

答案：scared

8．Despite some difficulties, they don't want ________ (abandon) the plan.

答案：to abandon

9．The lake is over 20 meters in ________ (deep)．

答案：depth

10．________ (flee) the big cities, thousands of people go to villages in search of the rural relaxation.

答案：Fleeing

联想积累

1．含词根“viv/vit(生命)”的单词

①vivid adj.    生动的

②revive v.    复活

③revival n.    复活

④survive v.    存活；幸存

⑤survival n.    存活；幸存

⑥survivor n.    幸存者

⑦vital adj. 生死攸关的；至关重要的

⑧vitamin n. 维生素

2．以后缀­th结尾的名词

①depth    深度　②width    宽度

③length    长度  ④truth    真理

⑤growth    成长  ⑥youth    青年

⑦warmth 温暖  ⑧strength 力气

3．“看”遍天下

①glance v. (粗略地)看一下；扫视；一瞥

②glare v. 瞪眼；怒目而视

③spot v. 发现；认出

④watch v. 看；注视

⑤witness v. 目击 n. 目击者

⑥stare v. 凝视；盯着看

⑦glimpse v. 瞥见；看一眼

⑧observe v. 观察；注意到

1．sort_out   分类；整理

2．ahead_of   在……前面；优于

3．in_the_meantime  在此期间；与此同时

4．be abandoned by ...   被……遗弃

5．hold_up   阻挡；耽搁；举起

6．help ( ... ) out  帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难

7．reflect on  认真思考；沉思

8．be/become aware of  意识到……；明白/了解……

9．upside down  上下翻转

10．(be) scared to death  吓得要死

　[选词填空]

be scared to death， ahead of， upside down， sort out， reflect on， in the meantime

1．We should often ________ our past mistakes.

答案：reflect on

2．Turn the bottle ________ and shake it, then you'll find the water in it becomes yellow.

答案：upside down

3．The child felt ________ at the sight of the UFO.

答案：scared to death

4．She told me to ________ the papers that could be thrown away.

答案：sort out

5．I like skiing and ________， I know it is very dangerous.

答案：in the meantime

6．She is an excellent student and she is always well ________ the rest of the class.

答案：ahead of

联想积累

hold相关短语集合

①hold up 阻挡；耽搁；举起

②hold on 稍等；别挂断；坚持

③hold out 维持；坚持

④hold back 踌躇；阻止；阻碍

⑤hold off 推迟

答案：1.It/There was a time when　2.was about to turn off the TV when

直击重点 突破考点

①　opposite　prep. 在……对面　adj. 相对的；相反的　n. 相反的事物；对立的人/物；反面(P20)

(1)单句语法填空

Even though he sat opposite ________ me, we didn't say one word to each other.

答案：to

(2)单句写作

①Walk along the road __________________________， and it's likely to reach your destination.

朝相反的方向走，你才有可能到达目的地。

②In fact everything he does ______________ what is considered normal behaviour.

事实上，他的一切作为都和人们所认为的正常举动大相径庭。

答案：①in the opposite direction　②is opposite to

(1)be opposite to 在……对面；与……相反

just the opposite 恰恰相反

(2)oppose vt. 反对；反抗

oppose sb./sth. 反对某人/某事

oppose doing sth. 反对做某事

(3)opposed adj. 对立的；截然相反的

be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事

as opposed to ... 与……相反

(4)opposition n. 对抗；反对

②　urge　vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策　n. 强烈的欲望；冲动(P20)

(1)单句语法填空

①The author's purpose in writing the passage is to urge people ________ (work) hard.

②I refused his invitation because of ________ (urge) business.

答案：①to work　②urgent

(2)单句写作

①The report urged that all children ______________ to swim.

这份报告呼吁教所有的儿童游泳。

②It is urged that the relative laws ______________ to prevent such things happening again.

人们极力主张相关法律应该被制定出来以阻止类似事件再次发生。

答案：①(should) be taught　②(should) be made

(1)urge sb. to do sth.    竭力主张某人做某事；敦促某人做某事

urge that sb. (should) do sth. 主张/力劝某人做某事

It is/was urged that ...     有人主张……(后接虚拟语气的从句)

(2)have an urge to do sth.    渴望做某事

(3)urgent  adj.    紧急的

urge后跟从句时，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”。

③　abandon　vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃　n. 放纵；放任(P21)

(1)单句语法填空

①He signed cheques ________ careless abandon.

②I wish that sports day could ________ (abandon) and replaced with some other less competitive events.

答案：①with　②be abandoned

(2)单句改错

We should keep off those who abandon themselves in drugs.

_______________________________________________________________

答案：in→to

(1)abandon one's hope/plan/idea 放弃希望/计划/主意

abandon oneself to ... 沉湎于……；陷于(某种感情)

(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地

(3)abandoned adj. 放纵的；堕落的；被遗弃的

④　reflect　vi. 思考　vt. 映射；反射；思考(P24)

(1)单句语法填空

①It seems beautiful that the tall buildings ________ (reflect) in the lake around which there are many trees.

②Usually a child's behaviour is a ________ (reflect) of his family environment.

答案：①are reflected　②reflection

(2)单句写作

____________ her volunteer experience, Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve together with her local colleagues.

思考着她的志愿者经历，蒂娜对和她的当地同事们一起设法完成的事情感到自豪。

答案：Reflecting on/upon

(1)reflect ... in ...     在……中映出……的影像

be reflected in    倒映在；反映在……

reflect on/upon sth.    认真思考/沉思某事

(2)reflection n.    反射；反映；映像；沉思

be lost in reflection    陷入深思中

on reflection    (经)再三考虑

①　help (...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难(P21)

(1)单句语法填空

As he is my best friend, when I am in trouble he will certainly help me________.

答案：out

(2)单句写作

①They do this either by providing things that are  necessary, or by raising money or ____________ in whatever way they can.

他们通过提供一些必需品或者筹钱或者任何可行的方法来帮助渡过难关。

②Whenever I have problems with my studies, my teacher is always there to ______________.

无论任何时候我学习上遇到难题，老师总是可以帮我解决。

答案：①helping out　②help me out

(1)help sb.  with/(to)  do sth. 帮助某人某事/做某事

  can't help doing sth.    忍不住做某事

  can't help but do sth.    只得做某事；不得不做某事

  help yourself (to sth.)    随便自己动手(吃/用……等)

(2)with the help of sb. ＝with sb.'s help 在某人的帮助下

②　be/become aware of 意识到(P24)

(1)单句语法填空

①Though clearly aware ________ the danger ahead, he accepted the task without fear.

②The ________ (aware) of the fact that the child was in danger forced the police to take action.

答案：①of　②awareness

(2)单句写作

He decided to ____________________ the rules of the road in his own way.

他决定用自己的方式提高人们对道路交通规则的认识。

答案：raise people's awareness of

(1)be aware that ...     知道/体会到……

so/as far as I'm aware    据我所知

make sb. aware that/of 提醒某人注意……；使某人注意到……

(2)awareness n.  意识；认识

strengthen/raise one's awareness of 增强/提高某人……的意识

develop an awareness of 逐渐懂得；培养……的意识

①　[教材原句]As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.(P20)

走近一看，原来是一头鲸正受到约六头虎鲸的攻击。

(1)单句语法填空

①One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children ________ (comfort) by their teachers.

②I could do whatever I want without ________ (interrupt) by the outside world.

答案：①being comforted　②being interrupted

(2)单句写作

A helmet is recommended to cyclists to prevent them from ______________.

推荐骑手佩戴头盔，以免受伤。

答案：being injured

(1)“see a whale being attacked”看到一头鲸鱼正在被袭击，句中“being attacked”为v.－ing形式的被动形式作宾语补足语，表示正在进行的被动动作。

(2)being done除了作宾语补足语表示被动和正在进行外，还有以下句法功能：

①作后置定语，表示被动和正在进行；

②作宾语，表示被动；

③作主语，表示被动。

②　[教材原句]The water was quite shallow but where the  reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.(P24)

海水是浅的，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。

(1)单句语法填空

________ there is water, there is life.

答案：Where

(2)单句写作

①______________ life, ________ hope.

留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。(有生命就会有希望)

②I hope to live in a place ____________________ and people are friendly.

我希望住在一个空气清新、人们友好的地方。

答案：①Where there is; there is　②where the air is fresh

where ...，there be ... 意为“在……地方，有……”，where引导地点状语从句。注意where引导地点状语从句和定语从句的区别：

(1)where引导的地点状语从句，描述主句所述事件发生的条件、处境等。

(2)where引导的定语从句修饰它前面的名词。

where还可以引导名词性从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。

课文回练 升华运用

When I was 16, I worked at the whaling station and witnessed killers help whalers catch huge whales __1__ my own eyes many times. One afternoon, when I __2__ (sort) out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise __3__ (come) from the bay and we saw a great animal opposite us throwing __4__(it) out of the water and then crashing down again. We jumped into our boat and headed out into the bay. As we drew __5__ (close), I saw a whale __6__ (attack) by a pack of about six other killers. Being badly wounded, the whale soon died. And its body was dragged __7__ (swift) by the killers down into the depths of the sea.

__8__ killers were fierce hunters, they never harmed or attacked people. One day we were out in the bay and James was washed off the boat. The sea was rough and it  was difficult __9__ (handle) the boat. I could see James was terrified of being abandoned by us. When we approached James and saw him being firmly held __10__  in the water by Old Tom, I couldn't believe my eyes.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________

答案：1.with　2.was sorting　3.coming　4.itself　5.closer　6.being attacked　7.swiftly　8.Although/Though　9.to handle 　10.up

基础达标 自主训练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．We urged that she ________ (come) to the party, but she protested that she was too tired.

答案：(should) come　urge “强烈要求”后跟从句时，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

2．One day, I was about to go shopping ________ he telephoned me.

答案：when　be about to do ... when ... “正要做某事，突然……”。

3．To be honest, our generation should be witness ________ a happy life.

答案：to　be witness to  “……的见证者”。

4．The people had left before the soldiers came to the ________ (abandon) village.

答案：abandoned　abandoned为形容词“被遗弃的；废弃的”，在句中修饰名词village。

5．Everybody is aware ________ the importance of learning.

答案：of　be/become aware of ... “意识到……”。

6．When I reflect ________ my schooldays, I realize how much easier things are for today's children.

答案：on/upon　reflect on/upon “认真思考；回想”。

7．To be a brave man, you should not be scared ________ danger.

答案：of　be scared of ... “害怕……”。

8．Did you see that boy ________ (question) by the police?

答案：being questioned　see sb. doing sth. “看到某人正在做某事”，又因为that boy与question之间为被动关系，故用being questioned。此处意为“正在受盘问”。

9．It was a time ________ most people did not know how to operate a computer.

答案：when　It was a time when ... “曾经一度(那时)……”，为固定句式，when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语。

10．You have to trust your mind that it'll take you ________ you want to go.

答案：where　where在该句中引导地点状语从句，表述你的头脑会带你去你想去的地方。

Ⅱ.单句写作

1．Never shall I forget the meaningful experience, helping the librarian ________ (整理) the books in the library.

答案：(to) sort out

2．__________________________ (同时), I am quite independent and it is easy for me to adapt to a new environment.

答案：In the meantime

3．______________________ anything seemed possible.

那是一个任何事情都有可能发生的时代。

答案：It was a time when

4．_______________________________________________________________

无论你什么时候有麻烦，我都乐意帮你摆脱困境。(help ... out)

答案：Whenever you are in trouble, I'm ready to help you out.

5．_______________________________________________________________

对司机关于胡同(Hutongs)历史的生动介绍，迈克感到非常兴奋。

答案：Mike felt very excited about the driver's vivid introduction to the history of Hutongs.

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2020·吉林省梅河口市高三上学期联考)Nowadays more and more people like to travel, __1__ (especial) when vacations come. A great number of people rush out of their homes or companies to __2__ (travel) spots. They either drive or take a bus, a train, a ship __3__ so on. Some even ride bikes.

However, there __4__ (be) another way of travelling—poorism. People have a tour in __5__ poorest areas of the world. Some people may take a one­day poorest tour, and some even pay to stay in very poor neighborhoods __6__ (experience) the lowest living standards in the world. Poorism tours take place around the world, and not just in the third world __7__  (country). You can, for instance, tour New York neighborhoods in the Bronx. Such tours can take people into the heart of poor areas. These tours may awaken people to pay __8__ (much) attention to long­standing poverty, or the effects of war.

Some think that tours in the poor areas can raise social care. And the money from the tour can __9__ (donate) to help the people __10__  live there.

1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

9．________　10.________

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了另一种旅游形式——贫困之旅。人们在世界上最贫穷的地区进行旅游，这些旅行可能会使人们更多地关注长期存在的贫困和战争的影响。

1．especially　考查词性转换。此处是副词修饰when引导的时间状语从句，故答案为especially。

2．travelling/traveling　考查非谓语动词。句意：很多人冲出家门或公司去旅游景点。此处是动名词作定语，修饰spots，故答案为travelling/traveling。

3．and　考查连词。固定结构：and so on “等等”。故答案为and。

4．is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是there be句型，句子主语是another way of travelling，故谓语动词应用单数第三人称形式，并且介绍的是一般情况，故用一般现在时，故答案为is。

5．the　考查定冠词。此处是形容词最高级，前面用定冠词the，故答案为the。

6．to experience　考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人可能会参加为期一天的“最贫困之旅”，有些人甚至花钱住在非常贫困的社区，体验世界上最低的生活水平。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为to experience。

7．countries　考查名词。第三世界的国家不止一个，所以名词用复数形式，故答案为countries。

8．more　考查副词的比较级。句意：这些旅行可能会唤醒人们更多地关注长期存在的贫困和战争的影响。结合句意可知，句子用比较级，故答案为more。

9．be donated　考查动词的语态。句意：旅游所得的钱可以捐赠给生活在那里的人们。此处money和donate之间是被动关系，故答案为be donated。

10．who/that　考查定语从句的引导词。此处people是先行词，指人，引导词在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为who/that。

Ⅳ.短文改错

Nowadays more and more people would rather to look for a job on the Internet than in the newspapers or in the job market. There are many reasons for my preference, one of that is that a job hunter can find a job conveniently. He needn't bother to get recommendations from relative or friends, or registration at an employment exchange. Besides, a job hunter can get a job by simple browsing among the advertisements online and sending resumes by e－mail. Finally, the success rate is very high. But even if one fails to find a job, it can spare him the embarrassment of refused.

As for me, I believe that as the increasing popularity of the Internet, this new way would win favor among more and more jobless people and laid­off workers. It's due to its convenience, efficient and high success rate.

答案：

Nowadays more and more people would rather  look for a job on the Internet than in the newspapers or in the job market. There are many reasons for  preference, one of  is that a job hunter can find a job conveniently. He needn't bother to get recommendations from  or friends, or registration at an employment exchange. Besides, a job hunter can get a job by  browsing among the advertisements online and sending resumes by e－mail. Finally, the success rate is very high.  even if one fails to find a job, it can spare him the embarrassment of  refused.

 As for me, I believe that  the increasing popularity of the Internet, this new way  win favor among more and more jobless people and laid­off workers. It's due to its convenience,  and high success rate.

难项分析：

第一处：去掉rather后的to　考查固定用法。would rather do sth.为固定用法，意为“宁愿做某事”，故去掉to。

第五处：simple→simply　考查副词。应用副词修饰browsing这一动词。

第七处：refused前加being　考查非谓语动词。此处作介词of的宾语，应用动名词；又因为refuse与其逻辑主语him之间为动宾关系，故用动名词的被动式。