2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编话题五Book2Unit1Culturalrelics





1．In the street appear the dragon and lion dance and some other activities. Meanwhile, the grand Spring Festival gala held by CCTV is what you can't miss.
大街上有舞龙、舞狮和其他一些活动。同时，中央电视台举行的盛大的春节联欢晚会是你不能错过的。
2．During the Dragon Boat Festival, the dragon boat race is thrilling. Meanwhile, eating zongzi is what you can't miss.
端午期间赛龙舟很刺激。同时，吃粽子也是必不可少的。
3．As scheduled, with the intention of promoting the traditional culture, our school invited a craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.
按计划，为了弘扬传统文化，我校邀请一位手艺人教我们如何捏面人。
4．Chaozhou wood carving is closely related to the life of the common people and their feelings and taste.
潮州木雕与普通人的生活，与他们的情感和品味息息相关。


自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心单词
(1)survive (v.) 幸免(于)；幸存；比……活得长；生还→survival (n.) 生存；幸存→survivor (n.) 幸存者
(2)select (vt.) 挑选；选择→selection (n.) 选择；选拔
(3)design (n.) 设计；图案；构思 (vt.) 设计；计划；构思→designer (n.) 设计者；构思者
(4)fancy (adj.) 奇特的；异样的 (vt.) 想象；设想；爱好
(5)decorate (v.) 装饰；装修→decoration (n.) 装饰品；装饰
(6)remove (vt.) 移动；搬开→removal (n.) 移动；除去
(7)doubt (n.) 怀疑；疑惑 (vt.) 怀疑；不信→doubtful (adj.) 怀疑的
(8)worth (prep.) 值得的；相当于……的价值 (n.) 价值；作用→worthy (adj.) 值得或应得的；值得尊敬的
(9)explode (vi.) 爆炸→explosion (n.) 爆炸
(10)sink (vi.) 下沉；沉下→sank/sunk (过去式)→sunk/sunken (过去分词)Ⅱ　阅读单词(1)valuable (adj.) 贵重的；有价值的
(2)amazing (adj.) 令人吃惊的
(3)troop (n.) 群；组；军队
(4)reception (n.) 接待；招待会；接收
(5)former (adj.) 以前的；从前的
(6)local (adj.) 本地的；当地的
(7)evidence (n.) 根据；证据
(8)sailor (n.) 水手；海员；船员
(9)informal (adj.) 非正式的
(10)debate (n.& vi.) 争论；辩论
　[单句语法填空]
1．Simon ________ (select) to make a speech at the opening ceremony.
答案：was selected
2．As we all know, time is the most ________ (value) wealth that one can have.
答案：valuable
3．Some drivers like to draw some special patterns as ________ (decorate) on their cars.
答案：decorations
4．The series of books ________ (design) for the students in Grade Three.
答案：are designed
5．The chairman of the board succeeded in ________ (survive) the challenge to his authority.
答案：surviving
6．Do you fancy ________ (go) out for the opera Zhaojun Outside the Frontier (《昭君出塞》)?
答案：going
7．The film Amazing China (《厉害了，我的国》) is well worth ________ (see)．
答案：seeing
8．Please ________ (remove) your shoes before entering the room when you are in Japan.
答案：remove
9．To her delight, she could hear the distant sound of fireworks ________ (explode), which added to the festive atmosphere.
答案：exploding
10．Is there any scientific ________ (evident) that a person's character is reflected in their handwriting?
答案：evidence

联想积累
1．以“­able”为后缀的高频形容词小结
①value→valuable 宝贵的
②forget→forgettable 健忘的
③suit→suitable 合适的
④reason→reasonable 合理的
⑤admire→admirable 令人钦佩的
⑥enjoy→enjoyable 令人愉快的
⑦accept→acceptable 可接受的
⑧afford→affordable 负担得起的
⑨comfort→comfortable 舒适的
⑩unbelief→unbelievable 难以置信的
⑪honor→honorable 荣誉的，光荣的
⑫respect→respectable 受人尊敬的；体面的
2．“喜欢”家族速记
①fancy 喜欢；想要；想象；设想
②like 喜欢；喜爱
③love 喜爱；喜好；喜欢
④enjoy 喜欢；欣赏
⑤favor 喜欢；支持；赞成
⑥prefer 更喜欢
⑦admire 喜欢；赞赏；钦佩
⑧be fond of 喜欢；喜爱
⑨be keen on 喜欢；喜爱
3．以­e结尾的动词e→al变名词
①survive→survival幸存
②remove→removal移除
③arrive→arrival到达
④refuse→refusal拒绝
⑤propose→proposal提议
⑥approve→approval批准；同意


1．in_search_of 寻找
2．belong_to 属于
3．in_return 作为报答；回报
4．at_war 处于交战状态
5．less_than 少于
6．take apart 拆开
7．rather than 而不是
8．serve as 充当；起作用
9．think highly of 看重；器重
10．develop an interest in ... 培养对……的兴趣

　[选词填空]
take apart， in search of， belong to， in return， at war， serve as
1．I was glad to come across a great artist when I went to the library ________ some information about the Spring Festival couplets (对联)．
答案：in search of
2．It was not until we ________ the machine that we found what was wrong with it.
答案：took apart
3．I'll come with you to work out the riddles, but you have to do something for me ________.
答案：in return
4．A tiger is a large fierce animal ________ the cat family.
答案：belonging to
5．The country has been ________ with its neighbour for two years.
答案：at war
6．From this experience I have learnt that questioning can ________ a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.
答案：serve as

联想积累
“at＋n.”常考短语归纳
①at war 处于交战状态
②at school 在上学
③at play 在玩耍；起作用
④at sea 在大海上；在航行
⑤at work 在工作
⑥at peace 处于和平状态


课文原句
句式梳理
仿写训练
After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.
在那之后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。
what引导主语从句时，主句中的谓语动词常用单数形式。
__________________________ that you should never run away from your mistakes but try your best to fix them.
这个事件让我学会不要逃避错误，要尽最大努力去解决问题。

答案：What I learned from the incident was

直击重点 突破考点

①　survive　vt. 比……活得长；幸免于；从(困境等中)挺过来　vi. 幸免；幸存；生还(P1)

(1)单句语法填空
①Many of the peasants managed to survive ________ tiny plots of corn and beans when there was nothing else to eat.
②They searched for ________ (survive) day and night after the earthquake.
③Several of those ________ (survive) the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock.
答案：①on　②survivors　③surviving
(2)单句改错
The old woman died last week and survived her husband for forty years.
__________________________________________________________
答案：for→by

(1)survive on 靠……存活下来
A survive(s) B by (＋时间) A比B多活……
survive sth. 幸免于某事；从某事中活过来
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
(3)survival n. 幸存；残存

survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要加多余的in或from。

②　design　n．& vt. 设计；图案；构思；计划(P1)

单句语法填空
①The building, ________ (design) very well from the point of view of wheelchair access, is popular with the disabled.
②These 30 lectures ________ (design) to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic.
③She arrived just as we were leaving, but I'm not sure whether this was by accident or ________ design.
答案：①designed　②are designed　③by

(1)be designed for ... 为……而设计
be designed to do 目的是做……；被设计用于做……
(2)by design 故意地；蓄意地
on purpose 有意地；故意地
(3)designer n. 设计师

③　fancy　adj. 奇特的；异样的　vt. 想象；设想；爱好　n. 空想；幻想；爱好(P1)

(1)单句语法填空
I can't fancy ________ (disturb) by such text messages all the day.
答案：being disturbed
(2)单句写作
①She looked through the hotel advertisements until one of them ____________________.
她仔细查看旅馆广告，直到有一家符合她的心意。
②Much to my surprise, a foreign boy ________________ Chinese Cross Talk.
令我甚为惊讶的是，一个外国男孩爱上了中国相声。
答案：①caught/took her fancy　②takes a fancy to

(1)fancy ... to be/as ... 认为……是……
fancy doing sth. 想要做某事
(2)catch/take sb.'s fancy合某人的心意；吸引某人
take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜欢上/爱上某人/物

④　remove　vt. 移动；搬开(P2)

单句写作
①Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps her (to) ________________.
意识到妈妈工作一天后肯定很累了，女孩帮助妈妈把大衣脱了。
②______________ the backyard, the rubbish was transported to the refuse processing plant.
从后院里移除之后，这些垃圾被运往垃圾处理厂。
③What Mr Evans did ________________________.
伊万先生的所作所为消除了邻居们的疑虑。
答案：①remove her coat　②Removed from　③removed his neighbours' doubt

remove ... from ... 把……从……移开
remove sb. from school 勒令某人退学
remove one's doubt/trouble 消除某人的疑虑/烦恼

⑤　worth　n. 价值；作用　prep. 值得的；相当于……的价值(P2)

(1)单句语法填空
①The study tour along the Belt and Road in this summer holidays is well worth ________ (take) part in.
②His brave deeds are worthy ________ praise.
③I do think it is worthwhile ________ (devote) your time and energy to whatever you enjoy.
答案：①taking　②of　③devoting/to devote
(2)单句改错
As far as I'm concerned, his suggestion is very worth considering.
__________________________________________________________
答案：very→well

(1)be (well) worth doing sth. ……(非常)值得做某事
be worth the money/an effort/a try 值得花钱/努力/一试
be worth it 值得一干；值得花精力(或时间)
(2)be worthy＋of＋n. (＝be worth＋n.) 值得……
(3)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做某事


①　in search of 寻找(P1)

(1)单句改错
They stayed in the mountains for a week searching the rare plant.
_________________________________________________________
答案：searching后加for
(2)单句写作
①Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to ______________ survivors in an earthquake.
狗嗅觉灵敏，经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。
②Finally, he made his way to the remote mountainous areas __________ his favorite job.
最后他去了边远山区，去寻找他最喜欢的工作。
答案：①search for　②in search of/to search for

search sth./sb. 搜查某物/搜身
search for＝look for 寻找
search ... for ... 为找到……而搜查……

②　belong to属于；是……的成员；应归入(P2)

单句语法填空
①If you love someone, you will like all ________ (belong) to him.
②Having sold most of his ________ (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house.
③In my opinion, you'd better put the book ________ it belongs.
答案：①belonging　②belongings　③where

a sense/feeling of belonging 归属感
belongings n. 所有物；财产

(1)belong to中to为介词，后接名词或代词。
(2)belong to无被动语态，不用进行时。

③　in return作为回报(P2)

单句写作
①I wish I could do something ______________ the kindness I have received from him.
我希望我能做点儿什么事来报答他对我的善意。
②When I was in middle school, we cleaned the classroom every day ________.
我上中学时，我们每天轮流打扫教室。
答案：①in return for　②in turn

in return for ... 作为……的回报
in turn 轮流；依次；相应地
by turns 轮流地；交替地


①　[教材原句]Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.(P1)
普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。

单句写作
①He __________________ a job with a higher pay in big cities, but he liked teaching in the peaceful village.
他本可以在大城市有一份高薪工作，但是他喜欢在宁静的村子里教书。
②Judging from his remarks, he ____________________ the Millennium City Park.
从他的评论来看，他不可能去过清明上河园。
③I __________________ before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
在来新学校前我本没有必要担心，因为这儿的同学对我很友好。
④—I spent two weeks in London last summer.
—Then you ____________________ the British Museum during your stay, didn't you?
——去年夏天我在伦敦待了两周。
——那么在此期间你一定参观过大英博物馆了，是吗？
答案：①could have got　②couldn't have visited　③needn't have worried　④must have visited

(1)句中could have done sth. 表示对过去情况的推测。
(2)“情态动词＋have done”的用法：
could have done (过去)本能做某事却未做
couldn't/can't have done对过去情况的否定推测，表示“不可能做了某事”
must have done对过去情况的肯定推测，表示“肯定做了某事”
may/might have done对过去情况的推测，表示“可能做了某事”
needn't have done (过去)本不必做某事(实际做了)
should have done (过去)本应做某事(实际未做)
shouldn't have done (过去)本不应该做某事(实际做了)

②　[教材原句]There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.(P2)
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海岸边的一个城市。

(1)单句语法填空
①Indeed, he is a nice teacher, ________ always treats students in a friendly way.
②There is some doubt ________ he will come in time.
答案：①who　②whether
(2)单句写作
①____________________ enough concern must be paid to the problem of spending too much time on computer games.
毫无疑问，花过多的时间在电脑游戏上的问题应予以重视。
②No matter how tough the task is, ________________________________ we will overcome all the difficulties and win a complete success.
无论任务多么艰巨，我相信我们会克服一切困难，取得圆满成功。
答案：①There's no doubt that　②I don't doubt that/I have no doubt that

(1)本句式中，that引导的从句为同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。
①doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。
②动词doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定和疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。
(2)which引导非限制性定语从句。
定语从句根据其与主句关系的密切程度可以分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句两种。
①限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与主句分开。
②非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，它只是对先行词或主句作附加或补充性的说明，不起限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。在这类定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往由逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。

课文回练 升华运用
The Amber Room belonged to one of the __1__ (wonder) of the world. Originally __2__ (design) for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ， it took the country's best artists about ten years to finish it. Everyone thought __3__ (high) of its style and design. Several tons of amber as well as gold and jewels __4__ (use) to make it, so no wonder it was worth a lot of money. But later, the next king decided to give it as a gift to the Russian Emperor, who gave Prussia a troop of their best soldiers __5__ return. __6__ (fortunate), during the Second World War, the Nazi Germany was also at war with Russia. In 1941, Germany invaded (入侵) Russia by surprise, and the Russians had no time __7__ (remove) anything from the Amber Room except some small objects. When the Nazis saw the Amber Room, there was no doubt __8__ they liked it so much that they took it apart and put it on a train to Germany. Since then, the whole world __9__ (be) in search of the Amber Room. No one knows what happened to it and __10__ it still survives now. Maybe it will remain a mystery forever.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.wonders　2.designed　3.highly　4.were used　5.in　6.Unfortunately　7.to remove　8.that　9.has been　10.whether/if

基础达标 自主训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
答案：that　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the little problems，且从句中缺少宾语，故用that。
2．My eldest son, ________work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
答案：whose　分析句子结构可知，此处缺少非限制性定语从句的引导词，且与其后名词存在所属关系，故应用whose。
3．It was clearly ________ (evidence) that the company was in great difficulties.
答案：evident　It is/was evident that ... 是常用句型，意为“很明显……”。
4．Perhaps the biggest challenge is how ________ (survive) without friends in life.
答案：to survive　“疑问词＋动词不定式”在本句中作表语，how to survive “怎么生存”。
5．I don't really fancy ________ (do) business with him.
答案：doing　fancy doing ... “想要做……”。
6．He was severely criticized and ________ (remove) from his post.
答案：removed　remove sb. from his/her post “开除某人”，此处是被动语态，因此填removed。
7．We ________ (face) the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me?
答案：could have faced　由后一分句可知，前一分句谓语应用could have done结构，表示“过去我们本来可以共同面对困难”。
8．All the workers ________ (belong) to the factory must obey the rule.
答案：belonging　由句子结构可知，此处应填belong的非谓语动词形式，workers与belong to之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语belonging to作后置定语。belong to无被动语态。
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．Our teacher cares much for us. ______________ (作为回报), we will work hard.
答案：In return
2．The scientists are ________________ (寻找) a new element to serve the people.
答案：in search of/searching for
3．I ____________________________ a kite­flying club.
我过去一直是一个风筝俱乐部的成员。
答案：used to belong to
4．_____________________________________________________________
我用了不到一周的时间读完了《鲁滨逊漂流记(Robinson Crusoe)》。(less than)
答案：I finished reading Robinson Crusoe in less than a week.
5．_________________________________________________________
我们应该赞赏自己的节日，而不是外国的节日。
答案：We should admire our own festivals rather than those in foreign countries.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·深圳高级中学(集团)高三第一学期第一次测试)When foreigners negotiate, or register in certain areas of China, they may be __1__ (surprise) at Chinese's special fondness and preference for seals. To Chinese, seals are an art of deep cultural roots, __2__ combines the essence of both calligraphy (书法) and sculpture and inspires generations to study, to appreciate and to collect.
It is believed that seals came out as early __3__ 8,000 years ago after our ancestors could make pottery wares (陶瓷) and had private property. They were assumed to make marks on __4__ (they) own possessions to prevent them from being stolen. When the first dynasty __5__ (found), the king began to use seals to empower (授权) and to show lordly credits. Only the king's special seal was then called “Xi”， __6__ (represent) the highest authority. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, had his “Xi” __7__ (make) out of the invaluable and beautiful jade “Heshibi”．
Then the local governments also needed seals for __8__ same function. Meanwhile, private seals were carved in a variety of lucky __9__ (character) and vivid animal patterns. __10__ (gradual), the sphragistics (印章学) came into being.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国印章文化的产生以及发展。
1．surprised　考查词性转换。be surprised at “对……感到惊奇”，该短语是固定短语，所以填surprised。
2．which　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词seals，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以填which。
3．as　考查介词。as early as “早在……的时候”，该短语是固定短语，所以填as。
4．their　考查代词。文中表示“他们自己的财产”，用形容词性物主代词，所以填their。
5．was founded　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境，发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。“第一个朝代”和“建立”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填was founded。
6．representing　考查非谓语动词。“玺”和“代表”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
7．made　考查非谓语动词。“玺”和“制成”之间是被动关系，用have sth. done结构，所以填made。
8．the　考查冠词。the表特指，在这里表示与上文相同的功能，所以填the。
9．characters　考查名词。a variety of后面接可数名词的复数形式，所以填characters。
10．Gradually　考查词性转换。位于句首，修饰整个句子，用副词，首字母大写，所以填Gradually。
Ⅳ.短文改错
Dear Miss Li，
I'm one of your student in Class Six, Senior Three. Nowadays I meet a great many difficulties when studied English. To begin with, it is very difficult of me to memorize a large number of new words. In addition, grammar is too complex to understand, that has influenced my English writing seriously. And my performance in reading and correcting are not satisfying.
Faced with such a dilemma, you hope that you can give me a hand. Would you provide me with some effectively approaches? Secondly, I believe that I will have good command of what you teach, if you will slow down your speed in class. There is no doubt whether I will achieve great progress in English learning with your assistance.
Thank you.
Yours，
Wang Min
答案：
Dear Miss Li，
I'm one of your in Class Six, Senior Three. Nowadays I meet a great many difficulties when English. To begin with, it is very difficult me to memorize a large number of new words. In addition, grammar is too complex to understand, has influenced my English writing seriously. And my performance in reading and correcting not satisfying.
Faced with such a dilemma, hope that you can give me a hand. Would you provide me with some approaches? Secondly, I believe that I will have good command of what you teach, if you slow down your speed in class. There is no doubt I will achieve great progress in English learning with your assistance.
Thank you.
Yours，
Wang Min
难项分析：
第二处：studied→studying　考查状语从句的省略。此处是时间状语从句的省略。由于从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式，故省略了从句中的主语和be动词。when studying相当于when I am studying。
第四处：that→which　考查定语从句的引导词。逗号后的句子为which引导的非限制性定语从句。先行词为grammar, which在从句中作主语。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
第十处：whether→that　考查固定句式。There is no doubt that ... “毫无疑问……”。