2021版英语全能大一轮复习人教版讲义：选修8Unit1　Alandofdiversity

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选修8

Unit 1　A land of diversity　

Ⅰ. 多维记忆重点单词

※核心单词速记

1. occur vi.  发生;  出现

2. slip vi.  &n.  滑动;  滑跤;  滑倒

3. reform v.  & n.  改革;  革新;  改良

4. hardship n.  苦难,  困苦

5. boom n.  &vi.  (人口、贸易的)繁荣;  处于经济迅速发展时期

6. customs n.  海关;  关税

7. shave vt.  &vi.  刮;  剃

8. hire vt.  & n.  租用;  雇用

9. grasp vt.  & n.  抓住;  抓紧;  掌握;  领会

10. brake n. 闸; 刹车; 制动器　v.  刹车; 用制动器减速

※联想单词串记

11. distinct adj.  清晰的;  明显的;  明确的→distinction n.  差别;  区分;  卓著

12. mean adj.  小气的→mean v.  意味着;  想;  打算→means n.  手段;  方法

13. major adj.  主要的;  重要的→minority n.  少数→majority n.  大多数;  大半

14. elect vt.  选择;  决定做某事;  选举某人→election n.  选举

15. cross v.  & n.  交叉;  十字架→cross adv.  &prep.  穿过;  横穿→crossing n.  横渡;  横越;  十字路口

16. social adj.  社会的→society n.  社会→socialist n.  &adj.  社会主义者;  社会党人;  社会主义者的

17. indicate vt.  指出;  标示;  表明;  暗示→indicator n.  指示器→indication n.  指示;  指出;  象征

18. apparent adj.  显而易见的;  表面上的→apparently adv.  显然地;  显而易见地

19. conduct n.  &v.  导电;  管理;  行为;  实施→conductor n.  售票员;  列车员;  指挥→conduction n.  传导

20. applicant n.  申请人→apply vi.  申请→application n.  申请书;  申请

21. punish v. 惩罚→punishment n. 处罚; 惩罚

用所给词的适当形式填空

1. He was sent to his room as a punishment (punish).  

2. All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.  (apply)

3. Could you give me some indications (indicate)as to when I am likely to receive a reply?

4. Television is an effective means (mean)of communication.  

5. The majority (major) was/were in favor of banning smoking.  

6. It occurred (occur) to me that I could have the book sent to me.  

7. How many candidates are standing for election (elect).  

8. I thought she had retired,  but apparently (apparent) she hasn’t.

Ⅱ. 语境记忆重点短语

1. live on　　　　　　　继续存在;  继续生存 

2. by means of. . .  用……办法;  借助…… 

3. make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 

4. keep up 坚持;  维持;  沿袭(风俗、传统等) 

5. team up with 与……合作或一起工作 

6. mark out 用线划出范围;  标出……界线 

7. take in 包括;  吸收 

8. apply for 申请;  请示得到 

9. back to back 背靠背 

10. a great/good many 许多;  很多 

11. at least 至少 

12. achieve one’s dream of 实现某人……的梦想 

13. at the beginning of 在……之初 

14. be home to 是……的栖息地/所在地 

用以上短语的适当形式填空

1. In some rural places of China,  some people still prefer keeping up their traditional lifestyle.  

2. The water may be carried by means of a pipe.   

3. The university is teaming up with a school in America for the research project.   

4. When planting seedlings I prefer to mark out the rows in advance.   

5. Don’t be taken in by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week.   

6. According to the 4th paragraph,  a great many poor people in American cities are faced with housing problems.   

Ⅲ. 应用记忆经典句式

1. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA,  having attracted people from all over the world. (吸引了来自世界各地的人)(分词短语作结果状语) 

2. However, it is likely that(很有可能)Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.  (it is/was likely that很有可能……) 

3. That is why(那就是为什么)today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.  (why引导的表语从句) 

4. People from different parts of the world, attracted by(被……所吸引)the climate and the lifestyle,  still immigrate to California.  (过去分词短语作定语) 

5. It is believed that(人们认为)before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups,  but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.  (It is/was +P.  P.  +that.  .  .  人们……/据……) 

句式仿写

1. 我想他很可能明天到达。

I think it is likely that he will arrive tomorrow.  

2. 那是我不赞成这个计划的理由。

 That is why I am not in favour of the plan.  

3. 以西湖闻名全国的杭州已发生很大变化。

Hangzhou,  known to the nation for the West Lake, has changed greatly.  

4. 人们相信健康重于财富。

 It is believed that health is above wealth.  

话题——地点描述

根据表格中内容写一篇介绍广州的短文。

　　注意: 1. 词数100左右;

2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

【参考范文】

①Guangzhou has a history of over 2, 200 years.  ②It is known as “the flower city”,  which is the birthplace of “the silk road on sea” in ancient China.  It has a population of over 10 million and covers an area of 7, 434. 4 square kilometers.

③Guangzhou is on the south China sea.  ④Hong Kong is to the Southeast and Macao to the South.  It is rich in traveling resources,  such as the famous “Eight scenery of YangCheng”.  ⑤Tourists from all over the world are attracted to Guangzhou by its beautiful scenery.

话题词汇摘要

1. 作为……出名　　　　　　be known as 

2. 海上丝绸之路 the silk road on sea 

3. 占地…… cover

4. 旅游资源 traveling resources 

5. 美丽的自然风光 beautiful scenery 

词汇句式升级

1. 用定语从句合并句①②。

Guangzhou,  with the history of over 2, 200 years,  is known as “the flower city”,  which is the birthplace of “the silk road on sea” in ancient China.  

2. 用with的复合结构合并句③④。

Guangzhou lies on the south China sea,  with Hong Kong to the Southeast and Macao to the South.  

3. 用高级短语改写句⑤。

Tourists from home and abroad are attracted to Guangzhou by its beautiful scenery.  

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