2021版新高考地区高考英语（外研通用版）一轮复习学案：必修42Module2　TrafficJam


一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√
wire n．　　　　 　　　　　 suburban adj.
display vt. receipt n.
fare n. air­conditioned adj.
pedal vt.& vi. destination n.
route n. tricycle n.
blow vt. horn n.
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．provide vt.　　　　 提供
2．explore vt. 探索
3．mood n. 心情；心境
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．permit n．执照；许可证→permission n．允许；许可
2．limit vt.限制 n．限度；限制→limited adj.有限制的，有限的→limitation n．限制；局限
3．impress vt.给……留下印象；使铭记→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的→impression n．印象；感想
4．convenient adj.方便的→convenience n．方便；便利的事物
5．single n．单程票→return n．往返票(反义词)
6．react vi.反应→reaction n．反应
7．solve v．解决；解答→solution n．解答；答案


1.“费用”名词大全
①fare　　　　　　 车费
②expense　　 花费
③charge 费用；价钱
④fine 罚款
⑤fee 费用；酬金
⑥tip 小费
2.“提供”动词一览
①provide　　　　　 提供
②offer 主动提供
③supply 供应
④equip 配备；供应
⑤furnish 供应
⑥afford 提供；给予
3.“禁止/许可”大观园
①permit v．　　　　 允许
②allow v. 允许
③forbid v. 禁止
④ban v．& n. 禁止
⑤prohibit v. 禁止
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．be__connected__to　　　　　　 与……相连
2．be/get__stuck__in 被困在……
3．in__no__time 马上；一会儿
4．get__around 到处旅行；四处走动
5．under__construction 正在建设之中
6．switch__off 关上(电灯、电视等)；
断掉(电源)
7．keep__cool 保持冷静
8．no__way (俚语)肯定不；没门儿
9．have__a__good__view__of 清楚地看到
10．in__a__good__mood 情绪好；心情好

1．聚焦“v.＋around”短语
①get around　　　　　 　　 到处旅行；四处走动
②turn around 好转；转身
③look around 四处观望
④move around 走来走去
⑤wander around 徘徊
2. “under＋n.”短语荟萃
①under construction　　　　　 正在建设之中
②under repair 在修理中
③under control 在控制中
④under discussion 在讨论中
⑤under treatment 在治疗中
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句(常用将来时)
Simply raise__your__hand,__and a taxi appears in no time.
只要你抬起手，马上就会有出租车开过来。
句型2：be worth doing值得做
Tricycles are__worth__using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.
如果你想去老北京的小胡同探秘，三轮脚踏车是值得一坐的。
句型3：have sth.done 让某事被做；使……遭遇不幸
It’s a good idea to have__your__destination__written in Chinese.
把你的目的地用汉语写出来是一个不错的主意。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词
1．We intend to go to India, even if air fares(费用) will go up again between now and next summer.
2．You’d better keep all your receipts(收据) for work­related expenses.
3．Happiness is a way of travel, not a destination(目的地)．
4．Don’t try to solve a problem with a single(单一的) point of view; there may be many other ways of solving the same problem.
5．After they took everything into consideration, they trusted themselves more and returned(返回) to their positions.
B．根据所给单词写出适当形式
6．Bob is moody(mood), so I don’t want to talk with him about the business.
7．As an explorer, he dreams of exploring(explore) the outer space one day.
8．We provided(provide) large amounts of food and clothing for the earthquake­stricken areas the moment the earthquake occurred.
9．The road is under repair. Drivers are required to take some other routes(route)．
10．High­speed railway has become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenience(convenient) to our life.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·天津卷)Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23.提供
2．(2019·江苏卷)I prefer the school uniform. It’s nice. It’s also a better display of our school culture.展示
3．(2019·江苏卷)But we don’t have to dress that way. That’s not our daily style. Besides, it’s not very convenient.方便的，省事的
4．(2019·北京卷)Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time？探索
Ⅲ.选词成篇
be connected to; in no time; get around; under construction; switch off; in a good mood
A new main road, through which our village will 1.be__connected__to the city, is 2.under__construction now. It will be completed 3.in__no__time. When it is finished, it will be convenient for us to go to the city to 4.get__around. Whenever we think of it, we are 5.in__a__good__mood and wear sweet smiles.
be/get stuck in; have a good view of; keep cool; what’s more; drive sb. mad; no way
Living in tall buildings, we can 6.have__a__good__view__of the city. But sometimes we may 7.be/get__stuck__in the lift, which can 8.drive__us__mad. If we are meeting with this situation, the most important is to 9.keep__cool. 10.What’s__more,__we should ask for help through our mobile phones. We should have a belief that help will come soon.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．(2018·北京卷)在你来之前先学习一些基本的汉语，你很快就会适应北京的生活。
Learn__some__basic__Chinese__before__you__come,__and you will adjust yourself to the life here in Beijing soon.
2．新电影《哪吒》很值得一看。
The new film Nezha is__well__worth__watching.
3．(全国卷Ⅰ)我打算做一份兼职工作，通过兼职工作拓宽我的视野。
I intend to take up a part­time job, through which I’d like to have__my__horizons__broadened．

permit　n．[C]通行证；许可证；执照　v．许可，允许，准许
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(天津卷)Mobile phone conversations are not permitted(permit) anywhere in the library.
②a.(安徽卷)Read the daily newspapers, magazines and other books, but you are not permitted__to__take(take) them out.
b．The visitors are reminded that the museum doesn’t permit smoking(smoke)．
③(2019·北京卷)With her dad’s permission(permit), she spent the next two years researching online.
[能力提升]——句式升级
④(普通表达)If time permits, I expect you to pay a visit to our school.
(高级表达)Time__permitting,__I expect you to pay a visit to our school. (独立主格结构)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)

(1)permit＋n./pron./doing　　　 允许……
permit sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
(2)permission n. [U]许可，允许
ask for permission 请求许可
with/without sb.’s permission 得到某人的允许/未经某人的许可　
[佳句背诵] With your permission, I will have the project carried out as soon as possible.
如果你答应的话，我将尽快展开这项计划。
[名师点津]　permit既可以用于permit doing sth.，也可用于permit sb.to do sth.。有相同用法的动词还有advise, allow, forbid等。
provide　vt.提供
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)Among the items provided(provide) by the school for a visual presentation are a desktop computer and loudspeakers.
②a.(天津卷)Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch (which consists of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert)．
b．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)It is necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, if my dad went with me. (2018·浙江卷6月)
(高级表达)I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, provided/providing__(that) my dad went with me.

(1)provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb.　　　　向某人提供某物
(2)provided (that)＝providing (that)
倘若，在……情况/条件下　
[佳句背诵] China’s Belt and Road Initiative has provided great opportunities for China and other countries to cooperate in many fields including culture.
中国“一带一路”的倡议提供给中国和其他国家在很多领域的合作机会，其中包括文化领域。
[名师点津] offer sb. sth.＝offer sth.to sb.
向某人提供某物
supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth.to/for sb.
向某人提供某物
convenient　adj.方便的，便利的；近而方便的
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(2019·江苏卷)To enjoy the convenience(convenient) of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
b．The hotel is conveniently(convenient) located close to the beach, thus making it popular among tourists.
②(全国卷Ⅲ)If it’s convenient to/for you, let’s meet at 8：30 outside the school gate.
③(山东卷)Would it be convenient for you to__pick(pick) me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport?
[能力提升]——一句多译
(2018·浙江卷6月)如能尽早回复，我将不胜感激。
④I would appreciate it if you could reply at__your__earliest__convenience．(convenience)
⑤I would appreciate it if you could reply when__it__is__convenient__to__you．(convenient)

(1)It is convenient for sb.to do sth.
　　　　　　 对某人来说做某事是方便的。
sth.be convenient to/for sb.
对某人来说……是方便的
(2)convenience n. 方便；便利
at one’s convenience 在某人方便时　
[名师点津] convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物或形式主语作主语。“当你方便的时候”应译成“When it is convenient to you”而不能译成“When you are convenient”。
[词块助记]
a convenience store　　　 一个便利店
convenience foods 方便食品
be/get stuck in　被困在……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①a.(2018·浙江卷6月)We had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. We got stuck(stick) in the forest.
b．Stuck(stick) in the traffic jam for two hours，they were late for the meeting.
c．It was getting dark; I found a car stuck(stick) in a pool by the side of the road.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his promise！He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
③(浙江卷)好的意见是值得坚持的，因为它们可以使我们所有人受益。
Good opinions are worth sticking__to because they can benefit us all.
④(普通表达) The girl was__stuck__in__the__big__fire(被困在大火中)．The firefighters managed to save her.
⑤(高级表达) The firefighters managed to save the girl__stuck__in__the__big__fire．(过去分词作定语)

stick to　　　　　　　　 遵守，信守；坚持
stick out 伸出；突出　
[佳句背诵] When a player is playing Chinese chess and stuck in tough situation, it’s impolite to give advice to him.
当队员下象棋陷入困境时，给他支招是不礼貌的。
[名师点津](1)“get＋过去分词”强调动作，常指意想不到的、突然的或偶然的情况，或谈论自身做的动作。常见的有get hurt/burnt/stolen受伤/被烧伤/被偷，get lost/drunk迷路/喝醉，get dressed/changed穿衣/换衣服等。
(2)表示“被困在……”的短语还有be/get caught in, be/get trapped in, be/get locked in, be/get blocked in等。
in no time　立刻，赶快，马上；一会儿
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ) I still can’t believe what a coincidence it was.I’m just so glad I was there in time to help my son.
②(2019·北京卷)Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low­income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
③(浙江卷)Each student is allowed to borrow two books at a time from the school library.
④(辽宁卷)At no time did they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤(山东卷)常言道，“有志者事竟成”。我们的努力迟早会有所回报。
As a proverb goes，“Where there is a will, there is a way.” Our efforts will pay__off__in__time．

on time　　　　　　 准时
in time 及时；迟早
at a time 每次，一次
at one time 曾经；一度
at times 有时
at no time 在任何时候都不；从来没有
ahead of time 提前　
[佳句背诵] After the accident, the injured were taken to the nearest hospital in no time.
事故发生后，受伤的人立刻被送进了最近的医院。
[名师点津] 表示“决不”的短语：by no means, in no way，under no circumstances，on no account，in no case等。

be worth doing 值得做
(教材原句)Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing.
如果你想去老北京的小胡同探秘，三轮脚踏车是值得一坐的。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(北京卷)Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking(take)．
②It is well(good) worth making an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.
[能力提升]——一句多译
这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。
③The reference book is__worth__buying,__because it is of great help for your study.(worth)
④The reference book is__worthy__of__being__bought/to__be__bought,__because it is of great help for your study.(worthy)
⑤It__is__worthwhile__buying/to__buy the reference book, because it is of great help for your study.(worthwhile)

(1)be worth doing sth.　　　　 　 值得做某事
be worth money/an effort/a try 值得花钱/
努力/一试
be worth it 值得的　
(2)be worthy of＋n./being done　 值得(做)……
be worthy to be done 值得做……
(3)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做某事
[名师点津] (1)worth一般只作表语，不作定语；
(2)be worth doing是主动形式表被动意义；
(3)如果表达“很值得”，应该用be well worth。
[词块助记] An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.　　　　一日之计在于晨。
millions of pounds’ worth of damage
价值数百万英镑的损失
have sth. done 让某事被做；使……遭遇不幸
(教材原句)It’s a good idea to have your destination written in Chinese.
把你的目的地用汉语写出来是一个不错的主意。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·天津卷)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph taken(take)．
②a.Uncle Sam won’t have my father and me returning(return) to the farm too late.
b．It was cold, and she had the fire burning(burn) day and night.
③a.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)We students have various activities to__take(take) part in after class.
b．I am going to see my son next week. Do you have anything to__be__taken(take) to your son?
[能力提升]——句式升级
④(普通表达)You should take the chance to deepen your knowledge of traditional Chinese culture. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
(高级表达)You should take the chance to have__your__knowledge__of__traditional__Chinese__culture__deepened．(have＋宾语＋宾补)

(1)have sth.done使某事完成；遭遇某种(不幸的)事情；让/叫别人做某事
(2)have sb.do sth.让某人做某事
(3)have sb.doing sth.允许某人做某事(常用于否定句中)；使某人一直做某事(多用于肯定句中)
(4)have sth.to do有某事要做(主语自己做)
have sth.to be done有某事要做(不是主语自己做)　
[佳句背诵] If anyone happens to drop in while I am out, have him or her leave a message.
如果我不在时有人来访，让他/她留个口信。(福建卷)
[名师点津] “have＋宾语＋宾补”结构中过去分词与前面的宾语为被动关系，而无to不定式和现在分词与宾语为主动关系。

维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)The government has already permitted the company to__use(use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.
2．The police managed to save the two tourists stuck(stick) in the valley because of the heavy rain.
3．One of the solutions(solve) to the heavy traffic problem is to reduce the number of vehicles.
4．In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited(limit) hours at the Spring Festival.
5．(陕西卷)Claire had her luggage checked(check) an hour before her plane left.
维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词
1．(福建卷)Surrounding yourself with people who’ll provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals.
2．Jack had his leg injured. As a result, he had difficulty getting around．
3．After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no mood to go to the party with us.
4．Please switch the lights off as you leave.
5．Receiving the report that the plane crashed, the government took measures in no time.
维度三　派生词练习
1．He reacted badly against the boss’s decision, whose reaction was also reacting upon his colleagues.(react)
2．He doesn’t get a driving permit．That’s to say, he doesn’t get any permission of driving.(permit)
3．The natural resources which we have are limited．Therefore we have no right to waste the precious resources without limit．(limit)
4．When asked about his impression of Beijing, he said that he was deeply impressed by its unique human landscape, and that the Palace Museum was the most impressive architecture he’d ever seen.(impress)
5．Most of us like the convenience of using credit cards to buy things because it is convenient to carry.(convenient)
维度四　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．动动脑筋，你就会找到这个问题的答案。
Use__your__head,__and you will find the answer to the question.
2．在踢足球时他摔断了一条腿。(have ＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
He had__one__of__his__legs__broken while playing football.
3．It not only helps to build up our physical health, but also helps us learn more efficiently in turn.
→Not only does__it__help to build up our physical health, but also helps us learn more efficiently in turn.
4．你能在方便的时候过来帮我一把吗？
①Can you come and give me a hand at__your__convenience? (convenience)
②Can you come and give me a hand when__it__is__convenient__to/for__you? (convenient)

提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)
Weather 1.permitting(permit), people usually get around during weekends. However, with the increasing number of cars, people can get 2.stuck(stick) in a traffic jam anywhere because of the 3.limited(limit) traffic conditions, although more roads are under 4.construction(construct). Traffic jams have become a global problem, 5.which needs to be dealt with 6.in no time. Firstly, our government should take measures 7.to__provide(provide) fast and 8.convenient(convenience) public transport. Secondly, our government should try to improve road conditions, such as having the narrow streets 9.widened(widen). Last but not least, not only the drivers 10.but also the pedestrians should follow the traffic rules strictly.
提能二　话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
交通堵塞在城市是日益严重的问题。请你按以下写作要点，提出可行的解决措施。内容包括： ①说明现象；②提出可行的解决方案。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)
①交通堵塞已成为城市居民非常关注的问题。
Traffic__jam has become a great concern for the people in cities.
②被困在交通堵塞中是常见的，这有时会让人们无法保持冷静。
Getting__stuck__in__a__traffic__jam is common, and it sometimes makes__people__unable__to__keep__cool．
③为了让交通顺利运行，下面的解决方案也许会起作用。
To have traffic flow smoothly, the__following__solutions__may__work．
④人们应该乘坐公交车或骑车而不是开车。
People should take__buses__or__travel__by__bicycle instead of driving cars.
⑤为方便人们出行，政府应该投资更多的钱来改善公共交通。
The government should invest more money in improving public transportation, so as to make__it__convenient__for__people__to__get__around.
⑥提高人们对遵守交通规则的意识。(祈使句)
Raise__people’s__awareness__of obeying the traffic rules.
2．升级平淡句
⑦用非限制性定语从句升级句②
Getting__stuck__in__a__traffic__jam__is__common,__which__sometimes__makes__people__unable__to__keep__cool.
⑧用“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构升级句⑤
The__government__should__have__more__money__invested__in__improving__public__transportation,__so__as__to__make__it__convenient__for__people__to__get__around.
3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇： to begin with, in addition, most importantly)
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One possible version：
Traffic jam has become a great concern for the people in cities. Getting stuck in a traffic jam is common, which sometimes makes people unable to keep cool. To have traffic flow smoothly, the following solutions may work.
To begin with, people should take buses or travel by bicycle instead of driving cars. In addition, the government should have more money invested in improving public transportation, so as to make it convenient for people to get around. Most importantly, raise people’s awareness of obeying the traffic rules.

(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·长沙统一模拟)

Two deer jumped out in front of 16­year­old Amanda Floyd’s car. She put on the brake, stopping the car just in time. But later, she started texting. Distracted, Amanda turned left and right, then crashed into another car. Luckily, she wasn’t in a real car—she was in a driving simulator(模拟器) at Roosevelt High School, Ohio, US. “I never really realized that cars made a turn that much，” Amanda, a junior, said. She added that she wouldn’t text while driving anymore.
The Ohio Department of Transportation(ODOT) and Ohio State Highway Patrol brought the simulator to the school. They said they wanted to help students learn about the danger of driving while drunk, texting, or talking on the phone.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, distracted driving claimed 3，450 lives in 2016 alone. Experts believe the actual figure is probably higher.
The simulator is basically a computer program. Like many computer games, it was a hit with the students. They lined up and crowded around to watch each other take turns. The simulator has a steering wheel(方向盘), brake and gas pedal(油门). It is made up of three large computer screens on a table.
Students choose a distraction, such as driving while drunk or texting. They always crash, of course. Then, they are pulled over by the police to be taught the bad results of their driving：how much damage they’ve caused, what their fine is, if anyone died in the accident, and if they’re going to go to prison.
“It teaches how to drive without being on the road，” said Shante Thompson, 16. She had just crashed into a deer.
ODOT spokesman Justin Chesnic said hundreds of kids have gone behind the wheel so far. He said even more have benefited from watching their classmates.
“Driving is such a major responsibility, so take it seriously，” he said. “Put away your cellphone. A lot of the accidents out there are because of distracted driving. It can not only change your life, but change someone else’s life forever. The results are serious.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个驾驶模拟器，学生通过操作这个驾驶模拟器可以增强交通安全意识。
1．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 1?
A．Introduce the topic of the text.
B．Illustrate the author’s point of view.
C．Provide some advice for the readers.
D．Offer some background information.
A　解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段讲述了一个事例，然后通过这个事例引出了本文的话题，即driving simulator。由此可推知，作者写第一段的目的是引出文章的主题，故选A。
2．Why is the driving simulator project introduced to Roosevelt High School?
A．It tests the students’ ability to stay focused.
B．It gets students to have fun between classes.
C．It teaches students how to deal with traffic accidents.
D．It makes students aware of the dangers of distracted driving.
D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They said they wanted to help students learn about the danger of driving while drunk, texting, or talking on the phone.”可知，他们想要帮助学生们了解醉酒、发短信或者打电话时驾车的危害，故选D。
3．What can we know about the driving simulator?
A．It is connected to the local police station.
B．It is a real car but has large computer screens.
C．It attracts the students’ interest as a computer program.
D．It benefits the students who use it more than those who only watch.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的描述，尤其是“The simulator is basically a computer program. Like many computer games, it was a hit with the students.”可知，这个模拟器实质上是一个电脑程序，和许多电脑游戏一样，它很受学生们的欢迎，引起了学生们的兴趣，故选C。
4．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Traffic rules in Ohio, US.
B．Dangers of distracted driving.
C．Simulated driving for students.
D．Advantages of computer games.
C　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个驾驶模拟器，学生通过操作它可以增强交通安全意识，故选C。
B
(2020·绵阳第一次诊断)

We are what we eat. That is an old expression, but one worth knowing. A recent look at diets around the world shows that people who eat healthy food—and not too much of it—live longer. But which areas of the world have the best diets? Researchers found that foods in some of the healthiest diets—Mediterranean diet, New Nordic diet, Japanese diet and French diet—may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat.
Mediterranean diet contains lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and olive oil. The diet has proper amounts of fish and poultry(家禽肉). Red meat and foods high in sugar and salt are not big parts of this diet.
New Nordic diet has whole grains like oats and rye, vegetables such as carrots, broccoli and eggs, seafood, fruits, oil, low­fat milk and cheese. Sugary desserts are not common in this diet.
Japanese people are some of the longest living people on the planet, with women up to 87 years old and men up to 80. The Japanese diet is the reason for such lengths of life. The diet has many foods that are low in calories and high in nutrients. Japanese people eat a lot of seaweed, tofu, rice, vegetables and fish. The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full.
However, French people eat fatty foods but do not get fat. And they live a long time. This phenomenon is called the “French Paradox”. The reason why the French eat fatty foods without getting fat may be simple. They eat less. Serving sizes in French restaurants and of products sold in stores are smaller than those in most countries. And generally speaking, most French people do not snack. This means they do not eat food between meals.
【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。
5．What do we know about the healthiest diets around the world?
A．They contain abundant calories.
B．They tend to be expensive.
C．They share certain similarities.
D．They reflect popular tastes.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“may be very different, but they are all heavy on local and seasonal foods, which include more vegetables and seafood and less red meat”可知，尽管有不同之处，但世界上最健康的饮食都侧重于使用当地的和时令的食物，包括更多的蔬菜和海鲜，以及更少的红肉。由此可推知，世界上最健康的饮食有一定的相似之处，故选C。
6．What is considered as a harmful eating habit in Japanese tradition?
A．Going low in calories.
B．Eating to the fullest.
C．Having much seafood.
D．Picking many foods.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The tradition there is to stop eating when your stomach feels 80 percent full.”可知，日本的传统是吃八成饱。由此可推知，吃得很饱在日本被认为是不良的饮食习惯，故选B。
7．How does the author develop the central idea in the last 4 paragraphs?
A．By building connections.
B．By exploring reasons.
C．By listing examples.
D．By analyzing figures.
C　解析：写作手法题。通读后四段可知，作者列举了这些健康饮食中的食物，故本文后四段是通过举例子的方式来说明中心观点的。
8．Which can be the most suitable title for the text?
A．What Is the Healthiest Diet on Earth?
B．How Does the Old Expression Serve?
C．Why Is a Healthy Diet So Important?
D．Where Can We Feed Ourselves Well?
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界上四种最健康的饮食。故A项作文章标题最合适。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·成都高三第一次诊断)From sports teams to movie characters, we love supporting the weak. While that’s inspiring for a film or a story, it can be hard to remain positive when you’re experiencing a struggle. It’s said that what is most personal is most universal. 1.________ Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles.
You can shine a light for others. 2.________ Sometimes，that’s all someone needs to get through a difficult time. You can help even more by applying ideas and solutions creatively to their own problems.
3．________ It’s uncomfortable to admit to others your failures, struggles or other moments of weakness. That’s true for everyone yet opening yourself up to moments of weakness is surprisingly satisfying. It requires courage and being courageous requires practice.
People will support you. 4.________ We all do. So why not share the ways you’ve faced great difficulty and bounced back？If no one knows your struggles then they’ll never know to cheer for you or what you’ve overcome to reach where you are today.
Another great aspect of sharing your story is that it helps you remember the lesson you have learned. 5.________ Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward. You can also share key experience alongside your story so others can learn, too.
A．It helps you find your voice.
B．You love a good comeback story.
C．It allows you to practise courage.
D．You can objectively analyze your own past.
E．That’s why your story can bring much value.
F．Be open with the world about the good and the bad.
G．Sharing your story will help them realize they aren’t alone.
【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了与他人分享你的奋斗故事的原因。
1．E　解析：承接上文“It’s said that what is most personal is most universal.”，并与下文“Here are some important reasons why you should share your story of struggles.”相呼应可推知，E项“这就是为什么你的故事可以带来很多价值”符合语境，所以选E项。
2．G　解析：根据下文“Sometimes，that’s all someone needs to get through a difficult time.”，并结合上文“You can shine a light for others.”可推知，分享你的故事将有助于他人产生共鸣，所以选G项。
3．C　解析：根据下文中的“It requires courage and being courageous requires practice.”可推知，本段主要讲述的是分享你的故事有助于锻炼自己的勇气，所以选C项。
4．B　解析：根据下文“We all do. So why not share the ways you’ve faced great difficulty and bounced back？”可推知，人们都喜欢东山再起的故事，所以为什么不分享一下你面临很大困难却能重整旗鼓的方法？所以选B项。
5．D　解析：根据下文“Understanding what happened and how you handled situations can provide you with the ways clearly on how to do things better and move forward.”可推知，分享你的故事有助于客观地分析你自己的过去，从而总结经验、吸取教训，所以选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·沈阳教学质量监测一)Senior citizens are the first to come to our mind when we think of hearing loss, but in a recent report, hearing professionals worry teenagers will soon outnumber aging adults 1.____________ it comes to living with hearing loss.
The rise in popularity of personal audio devices from iPods to smart phones has had dangerous effect on the ears of those who use them most—teenagers! A study 2.____________(conduct) by the World Health Organization finds that nearly 50% of teens 3.____________(fall) into the habit of exposing themselves to unsafe levels of sound so far.
A sound is considered unsafe when it goes beyond 85 decibels(分贝). At that level, it takes just 8 hours of listening over your lifetime to cause damage. The louder the sound is, the 4.____________(little) time it takes to cause damage. Because hearing loss is 5.____________(typical) considered as a health problem for the elderly, it is difficult to convince already stubborn teenagers that they really are doing damage 6.____________ their ears.
Young adults 7.____________ have been exposed to noise over a period of time may have some hearing loss symptoms. Their 8.____________(able) to learn is compromised, and they may have difficulty developing social skills.
In an effort to help teens better protect their hearing, we suggest 9.____________(set) volume limits on personal audio devices. 10.____________ is also good to limit the amount of time exposed to noise and to take listening breaks to give the ears a rest.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了青少年听力下降的原因并提出了相应的应对策略。
1．when　解析：考查固定用法。when it comes to sth.意为“当涉及某事时”，为固定用法，故填when。
2．conducted　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词conduct和句子主语A study之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填其过去分词形式。
3．have fallen　解析：考查动词的时态。根据句子中的时间状语“so far”可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填have fallen。
4．less　解析：考查形容词的比较级。“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……就越……”，为固定句型，根据该句中的“The louder”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故填less。
5．typically　解析：考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故填副词typically修饰其后的动词“considered”，在句子中作状语。
6. to　解析：考查介词。do damage to意为“对……造成损害”是固定用法，故此处应填介词to。
7．who/that　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Young adults，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
8．ability　解析：考查词形转换。根据语境及空前的形容词性物主代词“Their”可知，此处应用名词；又根据空后的“is”可知，此处应填名词的单数形式，故填ability。
9．setting　解析：考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth.意为“建议做某事”，是固定用法，并结合语境可知，此处应填setting。
10．It　解析：考查代词。it＋系动词＋形容词＋to do sth.是固定句型，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，故填it；又因为位于句首，故填It。