2021版高三英语人教版一轮复习讲义：必修一Unit2　Englisharoundtheworld

Unit 2　English around the world 阅读词汇1.subway n.　　　　地下人行道;<美>地铁2.elevator n.  电梯;升降机3.petrol n. <英>汽油(=<美>gasoline)4.gas n.   汽油;气体;煤气;毒气5.conquer vt.  征服;占领6.apartment n. <美>公寓住宅;单元住宅7.Danish n. 丹麦语adj.   丹麦的;丹麦人的;丹麦语的8.enrich vt.   使富裕;充实;改善9.identity n.  本身;本体;身份10.dialect n.  方言11.midwestern adj. 中西部的;有中西部特性的12.African adj. 非洲的;非洲人的;非洲语言的13.Spanish adj. 西班牙的;西班牙人的;西班牙语的n. 西班牙人;西班牙语14.eastern adj. 东方的;东部的15.southeastern adj.   东南方的;来自东南的16.northwestern adj.   西北方的;来自西北的17.lorry n. <英>卡车(=<美>truck)18.lightning n. 闪电19.cab n.  出租车20.usage n. 使用;用法;词语惯用法21.accent n.   口音;腔调;重音22.block n. 街区;块;木块;石块识记词汇1.official adj.　　　官方的;正式的;公务的2.voyage n. 航行;航海3.native adj. 本国的;本地的n. 本地人;本国人4.actually adv. 实际上;事实上5.base vt. 以……为根据n. 基部;基地;基础6.gradual adj. 逐渐的;逐步的7.gradually adv. 逐渐地;逐步地8.spelling n. 拼写;拼法9.vocabulary n. 词汇;词汇量;词表10.latter adj. 较后的;后半的; (两者中)后者的11.fluent adj. 流利的;流畅的12.fluently adv. 流利地;流畅地13.frequent adj. 频繁的;常见的14.frequently adv. 常常;频繁地15.command n.& vt. 命令;指令;掌握识记词汇16.request n.& vt.　　请求;要求17.expression n. 词语;表示;表达18.recognize vt. 辨认出;承认;公认19.straight adv. 直接;挺直adj. 直的;笔直的;正直的拓展词汇1.actually adv. 实际上;事实上→actual adj. 真实的;实际的2.gradual adj. 逐渐的;逐步的→gradually adv. 逐渐地;逐步地3.latter adj. 较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的→latest adj. 最新的;最近的→later adj.              后期的;后者的→lately adv.              近来;最近4.fluent adj. 流利的;流畅的→fluently adv. 流利地;流畅地→fluency n. 流利;流畅5.frequent adj. 频繁的;常见的→frequently adv. 常常;频繁地→frequency n. 频率6.expression n. 词语;表示;表达→express vt. 表达7.recognize vt. 辨认出;承认;公认→recognition n. 认出;认识短语记忆1.because of 　　　　　　因为;由于2.come up 走近;上来;提出3.make use of 利用;使用4.such as 例如……;像这种的5.at present 现在;目前6.play a part (in) 扮演一个角色;参与 7.be based on 以……为基础8.believe it or not 信不信由你9.more than 不仅仅是,不只是10.communicate with sb. 与……交流∕交际11.the number of... ……的数量句型整理1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。3.Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。重点语法Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (Ⅱ):requests and commands[直接引语和间接引语(Ⅱ):请求和命令]1.base vt.以……为根据n.基部;基地;基础归纳拓展①base...on∕upon... 根据……;以……为基础②be based on∕upon以……为基础③on the basis of 根据,在……的基础上,基于单句填空①Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.②First,he showed us the basic (base) steps and skills of making dough figurines. ③Just as the saying goes,“One tree doesn’t make a forest.”; our success is based on∕upon cooperating with others. 2.command n.[C]命令;指令;[U]掌握;控制vt.命令,指挥;支配 归纳拓展①under one’s command=under the command of sb.由某人指挥②have a good command of 掌握;精通(尤指语言)③be in command of 掌握;控制④at∕by sb.’s command 听某人支配⑤command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事⑥command that...(should) do...命令……⑦take command of 控制;担任……的指挥单句填空①I’m at your command — what would you like me to do?②If you do not serve others,you cannot take command of them.完成句子③我相信自己有能力做好这个志愿工作,因为我有很好的英语口语能力。I do believe that I am very qualified for this voluntary work, because I have a good command of oral English.(2018年6月浙江,应用文写作)④军官命令他到房间外面去。The officer commanded that he (should) go out of the room. ⑤A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it is based on (以……为基础)trust and existing relationships.(2019北京,阅读理解C ) 3.request n.& vt.请求;要求归纳拓展①request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事②request that sb.(should) do sth.请求……③It is requested that sb.(should) do sth....据要求……④at sb.’s request=at the request of sb.应某人之要求 单句填空①All the students are requested to attend (attend) the annual school celebration.②What’s your opinion of Peter’s request that we (should)spend (spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning?③It is requested (request) that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions.4.recognize vt.辨认出;承认归纳拓展①recognize sb.∕sb.’s voice∕sb.’s handwriting 认出某人∕听出某人的声音∕认出某人的笔迹②be recognized to be∕as...被认作……∕被认为是……③It is recognized that...人们公认……④beyond∕out of recognition认不出来完成句子①我们应该特别承认我们孩子们砥砺前行,并致力于实现目标的努力。(2019年6月浙江,概要写作)We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal.②人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。It is recognized that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.③自从上次离开这里以来,这个城镇已变得认不出来。The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here.1.because of 因为;由于归纳拓展because of的同义短语:①due to 由于(作表语或状语)②owing to 由于(作表语或状语)③as a result of 因为;由于(作状语)④thanks to 多亏;由于(作状语)⑤on account of 因为(作状语) 单句填空①While restaurants throw away tons of food each year,much of it remains inaccessible because of locked garbage containers,health regulations,or business policies.(2019年6月浙江,完形填空)一句多译②由于有了这些额外的时间,就没有一种马上要做完作业的紧迫感了。Because of∕Thanks to∕Owing to all this extra time,there was no sense of urgency to do my school work immediately.(2018年6月浙江,完形填空) due to一般不放于句首,如果放在句首,要用because of或owing to 来代替。2.come up 走近;上来;发芽,发生;(被)提出;(太阳、月亮等)上升 归纳拓展①come up with想出,提出;产生②come about发生③come across穿过(路、桥);偶遇;偶然发现(=come upon)④come on赶快;得了吧⑤come out出版;出来,出现;结果是⑥come to 苏醒;总计;达到;谈到⑦when it comes to...当谈到…… 用上述短语的适当形式填空①On a regular day,students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they’re not feeling well.(2019天津,阅读表达)②I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.③Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.3.make use of 利用;使用 归纳拓展① 充分利用②come into use 开始被使用③bring∕put...to use 加以使用④be of great use 很有用⑤It is∕was no use doing sth.做……没用 用use相关词组或句式完成句子①Time is precious and should be made full∕good use of∕be made the best∕most of(充分利用).②It is no use trying to persuade him(试图说服他) to have a holiday because he is a workaholic.1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互理解。 归纳拓展①even if∕though“即使,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。②as if∕though“似乎,好像”,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。当从句内容与事实相反时,从句用虚拟语气。 完成句子①尽管你不喜欢这部电影,你最好看完它。Even if∕though you don’t like this film,you’d better see it out.②她为什么不请我们喝一杯?她又不是没有钱。Why doesn’t she buy us a drink ?It isn’t as if she had no money.2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。 归纳拓展①more...than...③④完成句子①美国人每年要消耗掉1 000多亿个薄膜塑料袋。Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.(2018年6月浙江,阅读理解B)②这个作家名不副实。The writer is more in name than in reality.③本商店很乐意为您送货上门。The store is more than happy to deliver goods to your home.④一些人会认为花园只不过是花草树木,不同的图案和多种颜色。Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants,flowers,patterns and masses of color.3.Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。句中“no such+单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”,其中单数名词前不可再加冠词,相当于“not such a∕an+单数名词”。归纳拓展①such++that结果
状语从句②such...as...像……这样的……,as在句中引导定语从句 完成句子任何事情都是要付出代价的,在这个世界上没有免费的午餐。Everything comes with a price;there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.比较下列句子,注意其连接词的作用A:The book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.(as引导定语从句)B:The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.(that引导结果状语从句)