2021版高三英语人教版一轮复习讲义：选修八Unit5 Meetingyourancestors
展开Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
阅 读 词 汇 | 1.excavate vt. 挖掘;发掘 2.mat n. 席子;垫子 3.quilt n. 被子;棉被 4.beast n. 野兽 5.onion n. 洋葱 6.skateboard n. 滑板 7.yogurt n. 酸乳酪;酸奶 8.melon n. (各种)瓜 9.wrinkle n. 皱纹 10.spear n. 矛;枪 11.eyebrow n. 眉毛 12.arrowhead n. 箭头 13.hammer n. 铁锤;锤子 14.craftsmanship n. 技艺;手艺;精工细作 15.punctuation n. 标点符号 |
识 记 词 汇 | 1.identify vt. 确认;识别;鉴别 2.alternative n. 可能的选择 adj. 供选择的;其他的 3.archaeology n. 考古学(<美>archeology) 4.archaeological adj. 考古学的;与考古学有关的(<美>archeological) 5.archaeologist n. 考古学家(<美>archeologist) 6.starvation n. 挨饿;饿死 7.tentative adj. 试探性的;不确定的 8.accuracy n. 精确;准确 9.interrupt vt.& vi. 打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止 10.acute adj. 有观察力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的 11.assume vt. 假定;设想 12.regardless adv. 不管;不顾 13.centimetre n. 厘米(<美>centimeter) 14.sharpen vi.&vt. (使)锋利;尖锐;清晰 15.sharpener n. 磨具;削具 16.kindergarten n. 幼儿园 17.ample adj. 足够的;充足的;富裕的 18.messy adj. 凌乱的;脏的 19.primitive adj. 原始的;远古的;简陋的 |
识 记 词 汇 | 20.seashell n. 海贝壳 21.category n. 种类;类别;范畴 22.botany n. 植物学 23.botanical adj. 植物学的;与植物学有关的 24.analysis n.(pl.analyses) 分析 25.ripen vt.& vi. 使……成熟;成熟 26.significance n. 意义;意思;重要性;重要意义 27.somehow adv. 以……方式;不知怎么地 28.systematic adj. 有系统的;有计划的;有条理的 29.spit vt. 吐出(唾液、食物等) vi. 吐痰 30.delete vt. 删;删除 31.album n. 相册;集邮册;唱片 32.scratch n. (刮、抓、划的)痕迹;搔;挠 vt. 搔;抓;擦伤;刮坏 33.academy n. 学院;学会;学术团体;院校 34.receptionist n. 接待员;招待员 35.radioactive adj. 放射性的;有辐射能的 36.radioactivity n. 放射性 37.division n. 分割;划分;分配;分界线 38.pulse vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动;搏动 n. 脉搏;节拍 39.applaud vi.&vt. 鼓掌欢迎;赞赏 40.howl vt.&vi. 嗥叫;叫喊;吼叫 n. 长嚎;嗥叫 41.accelerate vi.&vt. 加速;促进 42.arrest vt. 逮捕;吸引 n. 逮捕;拘留 43.dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的;眩晕的;使人发晕或困惑的 44.worship vt.& vi. 崇拜;敬奉 n. 崇拜;敬神 45.skilful adj. 有技巧的;熟练的(<美>skillful) |
拓 展 词 汇 | 1.identify vt.确认;识别;鉴别→identification n.辨认;鉴定→identity n.身份;一致;同一性 2.starvation n.挨饿;饿死→starve vi.(使)挨饿;饿死 3.accuracy n.精确;准确→accurate adj.准确的;精确的→accurately adv.准确地;精确地 4.interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止→interruption n.打断;打岔;中止 5.assume vt.假定;设想→assuming conj.假设→assumption n.设想;假定;担任 6.sharpen v.(使)锋利;尖锐;清晰;削尖→sharp adj.锋利的→sharpener n.磨具;削具;铅笔刀 7.messy adj.凌乱的;脏的→mess n.凌乱;脏 8.analysis n.分析→analyses (pl.)→analyse vt.分析 9.ripen v.使……成熟;成熟→ripe adj.成熟的 10.significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义→significant adj.重要的 11.systematic adj.有系统的;有计划的;有条理的→system n.系统;制度 12.academy n.学院;学会;学术团体;院校→academic adj.学术的;理论的 13.receptionist n.接待员;招待员→receive v.接收→reception n.接待;接收 |
拓 展 词 汇 | 14.division n. 划分;分割;分配;分界线→divide v. 分开;分割;划分 15.applaud vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎;赞赏→applause n. 鼓掌 16.accelerate v.加速;促进→acceleration n. 加速度 17.skilful adj.有技巧的;熟练的→skilled adj.熟练的;有技能的→skill n.技能;技巧 |
短 语 记 忆 | 1.regardless of 不管;不顾 2.cut up 切碎 3.fed up with 受够了;饱受;厌烦 4.date back (to...) 追溯到;始于 5.at most 至多;最多 6.look ahead 向前看;为将来打算 |
句 型 整 理 | 1.If only it could be just like last year! 要是能像去年那样该有多好呀! 2.Abruptly she sat down,only to be scooped up by her laughing,shouting sister,Luna. 她突然坐了下去,结果被她又笑又嚷的妹妹鲁娜一把抱了起来。 |
重点 语法 | Revise the verb tenses(including the Present Perfect Continuous Tense) [复习动词的时态(包括现在完成进行时)] |
1.alternative n.可能的选择
adj.供选择的;其他的
归纳拓展 | ①have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事 ②there’s no alternative...……别无选择 ③an alternative to...……的替代品 |
完成句子
①但幸运的是,有一种替代品:玉米粉。
But fortunately there is an alternative: cornflour.
一句多译
除了向警察举报他,我别无选择。
②I have no choice but to report him to the police.
③I can’t help but report him to the police.
④I can do nothing but report him to the police.
⑤I have no alternative but to report him to the police.
表示“别无选择,只得……”的表达方式还有:have no choice but to do; can’t choose but do; can’t (help) but do; can do nothing but do。
2.interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止
归纳拓展 | ①interrupt sb.打断某人讲话或正在做的事 ②without interruption 不间断地 ③be interrupted by被……打断 |
单句填空
①Does the words“get bogged down” mean “be interrupted (interrupt)”? (2018年11月浙江,阅读理解C)
②Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without interruption(interrupt).
③Suddenly,the old lady’s work was interrupted(interrupt) by the cackling of her hen.
词语辨析:
interrupt | 突然中断、打断他人的言语或行为,使其不能继续。 |
disturb | 较正式用词,多用被动语态。指扰乱,使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序,是程度较深的烦恼。 |
用interrupt,disturb的适当形式填空
①It is not polite to interrupt when someone is talking.
在别人讲话时插嘴是不礼貌的。
②He was disturbed to hear of her illness.
听说了她的病情,他很焦虑。
3.assume vt.假定,设想;采用,承担
归纳拓展 | ①assume sb.∕sth. to be 假定∕假设某人∕某事为 ②It is assumed that...……被认为…… ③assuming (that)...=supposing (that)...假设∕假定…… ④make an assumption认为;假定 |
完成句子
①一会儿之后,他们发现了(人和狼),他们也认为是一条狗跟在骑自行车的人后面跑。
A bit later,they spotted what they,too,assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike.(2017年6月浙江,读后续写)
②假如下雨的话,我们该怎么办?
Assuming∕Supposing (that) it rains,what shall we do?
在英语中,有些看上去是动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式的词,实际上可直接用作介词或连词。例如:considering prep.& conj.“鉴于,考虑到”;including prep.“包括,包含”;supposing conj.“假设,假如”;provided∕providing conj.“假设,如果”;concerning prep.“关于”;given prep.“鉴于,考虑到”等。
4.somehow adv.以……方式;不知怎么地,不知为什么
归纳拓展 | ①anyhow 无论如何 ②anyway 无论如何;不管怎样 ③somewhat有点儿,有几分;颇为 |
选词填空(somehow/anyhow/anyway/somewhat)
①婴儿的玩耍在某种程度上类似于科学家的实验。
A baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment.
②不管怎样,你今天必须完成这项工作。
Anyway you must finish the work today.
③这价格比我预料的高了一点。
The price is somewhat higher than I expected.
5.significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义
归纳拓展 | ①the significance of...……的重要性∕含义 ②be of (great)significance=be (very) significant有(重大)意义∕(非常)重要 ③be of no significance无意义∕不重要 ④be of little significance不太重要 ⑤attach great significance∕importance to (doing) sth.认为做某事有重大意义∕很重要 |
单句填空
①As a child,Adeline couldn’t understand why the medal was so significant (significance). (2019年6月浙江,阅读理解A)
②I was dumbfounded at the significance(significant) of it.
③So far,research has not produced anything of very great significance.
1.regardless of 不注意;不顾;不管(强调不认为某事非常重要,从而对其不理会、不重视)
归纳拓展 | ①in spite of 尽管,不顾=despite ②as regards=regarding=in∕with regard to 关于,至于 ③regard sb.as 把某人看作 |
完成句子
①不管你选择了什么课程,你的语言能力都会迅速有效地提高。
Regardless of your choice of course,you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.
②But if he’s out there every day and playing hard,you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses (无论他的队伍是输还是赢). (2019年6月浙江,概要写作)
2.cut up 切碎;剁碎;使伤心,使难受
归纳拓展 | ①cut off 切断,中断;使与外界隔绝 ②cut down 砍倒;缩减 ③cut through 剪断,凿穿,开辟(出路或通道) ④cut in (on sb.∕sth.)打断;打搅;插嘴 |
用cut的相关短语填空
①当所有的朋友都拒绝帮助他时,他极为难过。
He was really cut up when all his friends refused to help him.
②由于地震,电力中断。
The electricity was cut off due to the earthquake.
③然后我问他是否削减了小鸡们的食量。
Then I asked him if he had cut down the amount of feed he had given the chickens.
3.fed up with受够了;饱受;厌烦
归纳拓展 | ①feed sth.to sb.∕sth.喂……给…… ②feed sb.∕sth.on sth.用……喂养…… ③feed on sth.以……为食 ④feed back反馈 |
用feed的相关短语填空
①人们厌烦所有这些交通堵塞。
People are fed up with all these traffic jams.
②你满脸不高兴的样子,怎么啦?
You look fed up.What’s the matter?
③这只鸟以什么为食?
What does this bird feed on?
4.date back (to...)追溯到……;始于
归纳拓展 | ①date from = date back to追溯到;始于 ②up to date时髦的 ③out of date过时的 |
完成句子
①这可以追溯到她学弹钢琴的童年时期。
It can date back to her childhood when she learned to play the piano.
②The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its collections date from the Middle Ages(它的藏品可以追溯到中世纪).(2018江苏,阅读理解A)
①date back to∕date from一般无进行时态,也无被动语态。
②当谈论现在的某一物品时,虽然该物品生产于过去某一时间,但时态用现在时态。
③在句中作定语时,因为date back to∕date from实际表示“历史多久的状态”,所以用动词-ing形式。
1.If only it could be just like last year!
要是能像去年那样该有多好呀!
归纳拓展 | if only的用法: ①表示与现在事实相反的愿望时,使用if only sb.+did∕were sth.结构。 ②表示与将来事实相反的愿望时,使用if only sb.could∕would do∕be sth.结构。 ③表示与过去事实相反的愿望时,使用if only sb.had done∕been sth.或if only sb.could have done∕been sth.结构。 |
完成句子
①要是我有辆车,我就能离开这个地方了。
If only I had a car,I could get out of this place.
②要是她没把手机留在Tom身上的包里该多好呀!
If only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with Tom.
词语辨析:
if only | “但愿……,要是……就好了”,常引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句。 |
only if | “只有……”,引导陈述语气的真实条件句,重点在only上。 |
选词填空(if only/only if)
①If only I could speak several foreign languages!
我要是能讲几种外语就好了!
②Only if you try your best can you study English well.
只有当你竭尽全力时,你才能学好英语。
2.Abruptly she sat down,only to be scooped up by her laughing,shouting sister,Luna.
她突然坐了下去,结果被她又笑又嚷的妹妹鲁娜一把抱了起来。
only to do∕only to be done 表示出乎意料的结果。
归纳拓展 | ①to do一般表示目的状语(为了……)或结果状语(如be too...to do∕be... enough to do) ②doing 则常表示自然而然的结果。 |
完成句子
①那些猪太紧张而吃不下东西。
The pigs were even too nervous to eat.
②不幸的是,他的父亲去世了,这使他的家庭更加困顿。
Unfortunately,his father died,leaving the family even worse off.
③他赶往车站,发现∕被告知火车几分钟前开走了。
He hurried to the station,only to find∕be told the train had left minutes ago.
