2021版高考英语（译林版）一轮复习学案必修2课时提能练11-12

课时提能练(十一)
必修2　Unit 3　Amazing people
课时作业A：基础层面
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Wang Fei is my favorite singer.I consider her superior to other stars.
2．By this time next week we will_be(be)in New York.
3．We may have various(vary) ways to deal with such a situation.
4．He thought about all of the survived (survive) shows he had watched on TV.
5．She signalled (signal) to the other girls that everything was all right.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．As far as I know，his carelessness resulted from his failure in the final interview last year.from→in
2．She has applied for the company for a position as a secretary.第一个for→to
3．It was at the school gate where I met an old friend of mine.where→that
4．Today，Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eat crops.eat→eating
5．It took them ten years to pay for their debts.for→off
Ⅲ.语境语法填空
Howard Carter was a famous 1.explorer (explore)，who didn't receive school education and was curious 2.about the outside world.He began 3.searching (search) for the tombs of the Egyptian kings since he was only seventeen.With 4.the help of Lord Carnarvon，Howard Carter began his research.In 1922，he and his team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun near a city 5.called (call) Luxor.The tomb was full of fortune.
Within 7 years,21 people 6.who/that had something 7.to_do(do) with the opening of the tomb died，but Carter lived on till the age of 65.Some people say the 8.deaths (die) were just coincidence.Some believe that they were the result of a mummy's curse，9.while others think it was the 10.viruses (virus) in the tomb that resulted in the deaths.

Ⅳ.完成句子
1．明天早晨，我将已在去北京的路上。
By the time of tomorrow morning，I will_have_been on the way to Beijing.
2．这些花如果不能每天浇水就会死去。
The flowers will die unless_watered every day.
3．他从政以前在煤铁业中发了财。
He made_a/his_fortune in the coal and iron business before he went into politics.
4．我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该被很好地保留下来。
I think these interesting old customs should be_well_preserved.
5．昨天你是在什么地方看到她的手机的？
Where_was_it_that you saw her cell phone yesterday?
课时作业B：能力层面
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·太原市模拟)Fairy tales perform many functions.They entertain，encourage imagination and teach problem­solving skills.They can also provide moral lessons，highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings co­exist in harmony.Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot，but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold，mechanical heart.
The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables，novels and other literature.We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates.This system is called “Quixote”．It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.
The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible.The robot has three options.It can wait in line; it can interact with the storekeeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape.Without any further directives(指示)，the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it.But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it.In this way，the robot will learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.
Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function.It's a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots.We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society，and in doing so，it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior.Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。童话故事不但可以娱乐孩子们，还能让机器人拥有道德观念，使其更好地为人类服务。
1．What function do fairy tales perform in the robots?
A．They entertain robots.
B．They highlight dangers.
C．They make robots more intelligent.
D．They enable robots to behave morally.
D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold，mechanical heart”可知，童话故事可以作为道德经验让人工智能机器人的行为符合道德规范，故D项正确。]
2．What is “Quixote” in the text?
A．A punishment system.
B．A character in literature.
C．A big name in technology.
D．A kind of software educating robots.
D　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“This system is called ‘Quixote’．It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave”可知，这个系统被称为“Quixote”；它从互联网上收集故事情节，然后用这些故事来教育机器人如何规范行为，由此可知，Quixote是一种教育机器人的软件，故D项正确。]
3．What does the designer expect robots to do in the experiment?
A．To take advantage of its privilege.
B．To finish the task most efficiently.
C．To perform in a well­mannered way.
D．To be rewarded by the storekeeper.
C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society，and in doing so，it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior”可推知，设计者希望机器人在实验中的行为能符合道德规范，故C项正确。]
4．Which of the following can best express the author's opinion?
A．Robots will definitely have more functions.
B．Robots with humans' emotions are perfect.
C．Training robots to be socially acceptable is necessary.
D．The development of robots is still in a baby step.
C　[观点态度题。根据第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society，and in doing so，it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior”可知，我们认为人工智能必须接受培训以适应特定社会的价值观，这样做，它将努力避免不可接受的行为。据此可推知，训练机器人让其行为符合社会规范是必要的，故C项正确。]
B
(2019·安徽省示范高中模拟)Have you ever wondered when dogs first became “man's best friend” and the world's favourite pet? If you have，then you're not alone.When and where dogs first began living side by side with humans are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists.There are a few hard facts that all agree on.These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(驯化) by humans.They came into human lives some 15,000 years ago，before the dawn of agriculture.
Beyond that，there is little agreement.The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs' and not wolves' date from 14,000 years ago.However,30,000 ­year­old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves' and some scientists think could be dogs'.
With such puzzling evidence，many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated.In one research project，tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world.The plan is to compare them with those of wolves.It's even possible to analyse DNA from ancient bones.Tiny pieces of the 30,000­year­old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied，and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves，not American ones.
Indeed，the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than the DNA of living dogs.Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years，their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins.This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia，Mongolia，Siberia，Europe or Africa.
But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out.Today，this is a way of life still shared by three quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，狗是从狼驯化而来的，早在一万五千年之前狗就进入了我们的生活。科学家通过分析DNA去查证狗最初是在何时何地被驯养的。
5．Which is the only statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs?
A．Dogs originally were used as farm animals.
B．Dogs evolved from wolves found in Europe.
C．Dogs helped the development of agriculture.
D．Dogs were the first animal to be kept as pets.
D　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Have you ever wondered when dogs first became ‘man's best friend’ and the world's favourite pet”，再结合倒数第二句可知，狗是第一种被人类驯养成宠物的动物，故D项正确。]
6．Why does the writer first mention the 30,000­year­old animals' skulls?
A．To show that dogs were much larger in the past.
B．To prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves.
C．To suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier.
D．To argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium.
C　[推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“However，30,000­year­old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves' and some scientists think could be dogs'”可知，在法国和比利时已经发现了3万年前的头骨，它们不完全是狼的，科学家认为有一些可能是狗的。据此可推知，该处提及三万年前的头骨旨在说明狗的进化历史更早，故C项正确。]
7．How did scientists determine the origins of the ancient dogs found in Alaska?
A．By analyzing the age of their bones.
B．By examining the animals' DNA.
C．By studying the shape of their skulls.
D．By comparing them with modern dogs.
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段尾句中的“another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves，not American ones”可知，科学家是通过检测DNA的方法来判断阿拉斯加狗的起源的，故B项正确。]
8．Why did dogs start living with humans?
A．Because they were attracted by food.
B．Because they were trapped by humans.
C．Because they couldn't survive in the wild.
D．Because they were trained to protect villages.
A　[推理判断题。根据尾段第二句“The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out”可知，最近的一种说法是，狗是自己驯养自己的，最初生活在我们古老的村庄里或周围，吃人们扔掉的食物。据此可推知，狗和人生活在一起的原因是它们被食物所吸引，故A项正确。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·武汉市调研测试)Many people struggle with saying “No”．__1__ Remember，just because you can do something does not mean it is required. Understand you always have a right to turn down an invitation or refuse a favor and figure out the best ways to say “No”．Here are some specific tips.
Give yourself permission to say no.Many people have an immediate reaction to say“Yes” when they're asked to do someone a favor.Keep in mind，you are never required to say“Yes”．It's actually okay to say “No” sometimes.Accept this as you prepare to say “No” to someone.__2__
Set up your personal boundaries.__3__ However，that reason does not have to be concrete.Many people think if they can do something，they should.Your reason for saying“No” can be a simple matter of your own personal boundaries.Think about what boundaries you have，and accept the fact you're allowed to stay true to them.
__4__ People often won't take “No” for an answer.If you say “No” to people，they may give you various reasons to try and change your mind.Stay determined for your decision and do not give in easily.
Practice saying “No”．It may sound silly，but you can actually practice saying “No” alone.__5__ Practice giving a firm “No” to someone so you get comfortable with the words.Many people are nervous about saying “No” and may say “Yes” due to anxiety.Practicing can help get rid of some of this anxiety.
A．This will help you say “No” with ease.
B．Be aware of potential persuasion techniques.
C．Find a good chance to stand in front of a crowd.
D．It's always easier to say “No” if you have a reason.
E．Try standing before a mirror and looking at yourself.
F．It's rather easy for you to set up your personal boundaries.
G．If someone asks you a favor，you may feel you have to say “Yes”．
【语篇解读】　我们可以通过设定界限、不断训练等方式，勇敢地向他人说“不”。
1．G　[根据前一句的内容可知，很多人总是苦苦挣扎，不敢说“不”。由此可推知，如果总是这样的话，当别人要请你帮忙的时候，你可能会感到你不得不说“可以”。故选G。]
2．A　[本段讲述的是要允许自己拒绝别人。很多人会不自觉地接受他人的请求，但是你并不是一定要对他人说“可以”，这是你的权利。记住这一点，将帮助你轻而易举地拒绝别人。故选A。]
3．D　[根据空后一句“However，that reason does not have to be concrete”可知，D项“如果你有一个理由的话，说‘不’总是比较容易的”符合语境，故选D。]
4．B　[空后三句讲述的是，人们通常不会接受“不”的，他们会找种种理由劝你改变主意，因此我们要坚持自己的决定，不要轻易屈服。由此可推知，我们要知道他人的劝说技巧。故选B。]
5．E　[本段讲述的是要训练自己说“不”。该空前一句提到训练说“不”可能听起来很愚蠢，但实际上你可以独自去训练自己说“不”。由此可知E项“试着站在镜子前，看着自己”符合语境，衔接上下文。]
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·福建省质量检查测试)As everybody know，parents are worried too much about their child，especially when the young meet with challenges.So do my parents.They are even more nervous than I when a important test is coming.I have been thinking about talked to them.I'll let them know I have a goal and will work hard to achieve them.When they are convincing that I'll be responsible for that what I should do，they surely won't feel worried.Please keep in mind that our parents love us unconditional.I hope my thought can be helpful to you in dealing the relationship with your parents.
[答案]　
As everybody ， parents are worried too much about their ， especially when the young meet with challenges.So my parents.They are even more nervous than I when important test is coming.I have been thinking about to them.I'll let them know I have a goal and will work hard to achieve .When they are that I'll be responsible for that what I should do，they surely won't feel worried.Please keep in mind that our parents love us .I hope my thought can be helpful to you in dealing the relationship with your parents.
课时提能练(十二)
必修2　Unit 3　Amazing people
课时作业A：基础层面
Ⅰ.语境语法填空
A
Some 1.amazing (amaze) people have greatly influenced the world.For example，Bill Gates has had a great effect 2.on computer technology.Yuan Longping 3.has_devoted(devoted) himself to the research and development of a better rice breed.Though they are of different times and 4.nationalities(nationality)，what they have in common is that they 5.have_contributed (contribute) a lot to the world in their fields.
B
Howard Carter was a famous explorer，1.who didn't receive school education but was 2.curious(curiosity) about the outside world.He 3.began (begin) searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings since he was only seventeen.With the help of Lord Carnarvon，Howard Carter began 4.his (he) research.In 1922，he and his team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun near a city 5.called (call) Luxor.Inside the tomb，there was 6.a great fortune in gold and jewels.
Ⅱ.语境短文改错
根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
Born in 1965，Yang Liwei had wanted to fly since he was young boy，his dream was encouraged by his parents as well as his sister and brother.In 1983，he joined the army，and goes to a flight school.He graduated from 1987 and became a pilot.In 1998，he applied to be a member of Project 921，that is now called Shenzhou.He was one of the only 14 selecting from 1,500 candidates.In September 2003，only three out of the 14 candidates were picked for the Chinese space adventure，but Yang was one of them.He took all kinds of test to prove he was fit for this important task.Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test，but it was his highly scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China's first astronaut.
[答案]
Born in 1965，Yang Liwei had wanted to fly since he was young boy， dream was encouraged by his parents as well as his sister and brother.In 1983，he joined the army，and to a flight school.He graduated 1987 and became a pilot.In 1998，he applied to be a member of Project 921， is now called Shenzhou.He was one of the only 14 from 1,500 candidates.In September 2003，only three out of the 14 candidates were picked for the Chinese space adventure， Yang was one of them.He took all kinds of to prove he was fit for this important task.Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test，but it was his scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China's first astronaut.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．等我到达公交车站时，公共汽车已经开走了。(by短语与完成时连用)
By the time I got to the bus station，the_bus_had_already_gone.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·满分作文)如果对它感兴趣，你可以将你的申请发至邮箱：pingpong@123.com。(if＋过去分词)
If_interested_in_it，you may email your application to pingpong@123.com.
3．有幸与一些卓越的主管人员共事，我很高兴。(fortune)
I'm glad I have_had_the_good_fortune_to_work_with some brilliant directors.
4．想住在这个国家北方的人更少。(desire v．)
Fewer people desire_to_live in the north of the country.
课时作业B：能力层面
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·成都市毕业班摸底测试)A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a friendly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for.To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say“Cheers！”around the world.
Who doesn't dream of living the good life in France? The food alone is well worth the trip since the French basically invented fine cuisine.They also invented a little golden liquid called the Champagne! Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their“cheers”：à votre santé！
Is it just us，or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm? It's lovely anytime: brunch，to celebrate something，or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend.It originated in Italy's Veneto region but is now available all over the world.When in Italy，the most common toast is “cin cin”， which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan.It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country.If you find yourself in the land of Japan，stick with “kampai”， which means “cheers！”
If you haven't been to Ireland—what are you waiting for? It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness.The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but，again，practice makes perfect.Simply say，“Slàinte mhath.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在法国、意大利、日本和爱尔兰如何表达“干杯”。
1．What is the French way of saying “Cheers”？
A．A votre santé.　　　　　 B．Cin cin.
C．Kampai. D．Slàinte mhath.
A　[细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their ‘cheers’：à votre santé！”可知，在法国，干杯时说“à votre santé”，故A项正确。]
2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The Italian wine.
B．A toast from China.
C．A Japanese custom.
D．A French expression.
B　[代词指代题。根据第三段第四、五句“When in Italy，the most common toast is‘cin cin’， which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan”可知，意大利常见的祝酒词是“cin cin”，起源于中国；然而在日本，不要把这个当作祝酒词。结合该句“It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country”可知，这种起源于中国的祝酒词可能让你被赶出酒吧；据此可知，It指代源于中国的祝酒词，故B项正确。]
3．What can we learn about Ireland from the text?
A．It is famous for food.
B．Its language is simple.
C．It makes perfect wine.
D．It is well worth visiting.
D　[推理判断题。根据尾段第二句“It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness”可知，爱尔兰是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充满了故事，在那里当地人和游客聚在一起举杯畅饮。据此可以判断，爱尔兰值得一游，故D项正确。]
4．What's the main purpose of the text?
A．To introduce the world­famous wine.
B．To show how to make friends in bars.
C．To give suggestions on drinking regionally.
D．To recommend some famous travel destinations.
C　[写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文第一段尾句“To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say ‘Cheers！’ around the world”为文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在不同国家和地区说“干杯”的方式；据此可以判断，本文旨在介绍在不同国家和地区如何说“干杯”，故C项正确。]
B
(2019·陕西省部分学校摸底检测)In the story of The Crow and the Pitcher from Aesop's Fables，a thirsty crow(乌鸦) drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink.
Now scientists have evidence to back up that story.Crows actually do understand how to make water displacement(排水量) work to their advantage，experiments show.The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as first­graders.
Researchers，led by Sarah Jelbert at the University of Cambridge，presented six crows with tubes containing water.Inside the tubes，a worm or a piece of meat on a piece of wood was floating，just out of reach of the crow.In front of the tubes，the researchers arranged several rubber erasers that would sink，and some plastic objects that would float.The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.
However，the_birds_handled_awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow one to get a snack，the researchers said.Dropping objects into a narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops; while it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube.The crows obviously didn't realize this，and most of them went for the wide tube first.
Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks.In a 2011 study，chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was floating in a small amount of water at the bottom.
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了科学家通过实验对乌鸦智商的研究。
5．How did the crows get the snack in Sarah's experiment?
A．By breaking the tube.
B．By dropping in erasers.
C．By standing on the wood.
D．By removing the wood.
B　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack”可知，乌鸦能够把橡皮擦扔到管里，使水位升高，然后吃到零食。所以选B项。]
6．What does the author mean by “the birds handled awkwardly” in Paragraph 4?
A．They were unable to tell different shapes.
B．They dropped objects only into narrow tubes.
C．They were not aware of the snack at first sight.
D．They mostly avoided the easier way to get the snack.
D　[推理判断题。从第四段可知，实验中的乌鸦在面对粗细不同的管子时，虽然只需往细管里投两次物体就可以够到零食，而需往粗管里投大约七次物体才能够到零食，但是乌鸦往往先去粗管那边，而没有选择更容易获得零食的细管。由此可推知，画线部分是说它们通常没有选择更容易的方式以得到零食。]
7．What does the text mainly focus on?
A．Stories of Aesop's Fables.
B．The development of crows.
C．Crows' intelligence.
D．Human­animal communication.
C　[主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as first­graders”以及下文中的实验可知，整篇文章都是围绕乌鸦的智商问题来展开的。]
8．What do we know about crows in the passage?
A．Crows are almost as clever as first­graders in some respects.
B．Crows understand water displacement completely.
C．Chimps and children are much smarter than crows.
D．The story of The Crow and the Pitcher lacks evidence.
A　[推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as first­graders”可知，乌鸦在一些方面几乎跟一年级学生一样聪明。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·辽宁省五校协作体联合模拟)
How to Overcome Depression
Suffering from depression means more than just dealing with a bad week or even a bad month.Depression is a weakening condition that can make it impossible for you to enjoy your daily life.To overcome your depression，you have to first determine if what you're feeling are the symptoms of depression.__1__ While medications can help relieve these symptoms，it is still important for depressed people to understand the disorder and develop healthier strategies for coping with it.
Keep yourself busy.
Fill your schedule with events and activities you love.Keeping a busy schedule will force you to stay active，focused，and thinking about the next thing on your list.You can draw up a schedule for each day at the start of the week，or simply plan out each day the night before.__2__
Improve your diet.
__3__ Even if you're losing your appetite，you need to be determined to eat three meals a day.You don't need to try to lose weight or be incredibly health­conscious when you're dealing with your depression，but eating healthier food regularly will improve your mental and physical state.
Think positively.
Being a more positive thinker will help you look at your life and world in a way that fills you with hope instead of despair.To think more positively，you should learn how to recognize your negative thoughts and to fight them with stronger positive thoughts whenever you can.For a jumpstart，find at least five things to be grateful for.__4__
__5__
Neglecting personal hygiene(卫生) is a common side effect of depression.While you will not beat your depression by transforming your looks，if you take time to maintain your appearance and hygiene every day，you will feel better about yourself.Shower daily，brush your teeth and wash your hair.
A．Control your emotions.
B．Improve your appearance.
C．Most importantly，be happy about every single day.
D．Whichever method you choose，make a goal of sticking to it.
E．However，not everyone knows depression has a positive side.
F．Eating a healthy，balanced diet can also help you beat depression.
G．If you are feeling sad，lonely，or worthless，you may be suffering from depression.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种克服抑郁症的方法。
1．G　[根据空处前后句可知，空处应是对抑郁症症状的列举。故G项符合语境。]
2．D　[根据空处前一句中的“draw up a schedule for each day”“or simply plan out each day the night before”可知，选项D中的“Whichever method you choose”与之呼应，即我们无论用什么方法，都要制定一个目标坚持下去。故D项符合语境。]
3．F　[根据空前的Improve your diet，并结合空处下文中的“three meals a day”“but eating healthier food regularly”可知，该段是围绕“diet”一词展开的，选项F中的“a healthy，balanced diet”与之呼应。故F项符合语境。]
4．C　[结合段落主题句Think positively可知，该段主要是说要积极地思考，并根据空前一句可知C项“最重要的是每天都要开心”符合语境。]
5．B　[根据空处的位置可知，空处为该段的主题句。根据该段中的“your looks”“your appearance”及“Shower daily，brush your teeth and wash your hair”可知，该段都是围绕“appearance”展开的，故B项符合语境。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·福州市质量抽测)The information I 1.________(collect) in the last few years leads me to believe that speed reading may be less 2.________(use) than most people think.The claim that you can read and comprehend over 30,000 words per minute is overstated.One researcher proved this in a study where irrelevant and illogical sentences were added to the text.The “speed readers” 3.________ were tested didn't notice the irrelevant lines—the readers who read slowly spotted them immediately.
I've interviewed people who have attended the introductory sessions 4.________(offer) by some speed reading courses.5.________(them) stories indicate that improper methods are sometimes used to sell the courses.Here's how: First，you're asked to read a passage from a book 6.________ which most persons would be unfamiliar.Your reading speed and comprehension are tested during this exercise.Then，after about half 7.________ hour of instruction，another reading test is given.But this time the reading is the one most educated Americans know well—such as Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Not 8.________(surprising)，persons attending these introductory sessions find that their “exit” speed and comprehension are better than their “entry” 9.________(perform)．
I'm one of the fiction readers who appreciate the beauty in good writing. Occasionally I'll read a passage or sentence over and over just 10.________(let) the beauty of its construction soak in(渗透)．Good writing must be read carefully and thoughtfully to be fully appreciated.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。过去几年“我”收集到的信息表明，快速阅读可能没有大多数人认为的那么有用，仔细阅读才能领略文字的魅力。
1．have collected/have been collecting　[考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“in the last few years”可知，该处可用现在完成时，意为“过去几年收集到的信息让我相信快速阅读可能没有大多数人认为的那么有用”；收集信息的动作也可以看成从过去开始一直持续到当前的动作，故也可以用现在完成进行时。故填have collected/have been collecting。]
2．useful　[考查形容词。句意参见上题解析。根据空前的“be less”及空后的“than”可知，空处应用形容词，故填useful。]
3．who/that　[考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词The “speed readers”，且在从句中作主语，表示人，故用who或that引导该定语从句。]
4．offered　[考查非谓语动词。根据空后的“by”并结合语境可知，动词offer和其主语the introductory sessions之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语。]
5．Their　[考查代词。根据空前一句中的“I've interviewed people”及空后的“stories”可知，此处表示“他们的故事”，故用形容词性物主代词Their。]
6．with　[考查介词。分析该句结构可知，该句为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，be unfamiliar with sth.为固定用法，意为“对某事物不熟悉”，故空处应填介词with。]
7．an　[考查冠词。half an hour意为“半小时”，为固定用法，故用不定冠词an。]
8．surprisingly　[考查副词。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，表示“不足为奇的是”，故用surprising的副词形式surprisingly。]
9．performance(s)　[考查词形转换。根据本句中的“their ‘exit’ speed”以及空前的“their ‘entry’”可知，空处应用名词；performance意为“表现”时可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，故填performance(s)。]
10．to let　[考查动词的不定式。句意：我偶尔会反复地阅读一个章节或者一个句子，仅是为了使其结构之美渗透出来。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处表示目的，故用动词不定式。]

Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·太原市模拟)There is a tradition in my family.On New Year's Eve，all my relative will come to our house for a feast.As matter of fact，it isn't the food that bring us together but the sense of belonging does.Making dumplings was always great fun.We put a coin into one of the dumplings.Everybody expects to eat the one with the coin inside，because it is said whomever gets the coin will have good fortune in the followed year.When my mom serves the dumplings，they help ourselves immediately，hoping to get the good luck of our entirely year.The coin never comes to me，and I am pretty sure of that the luck is always there.
[答案]　
There is a tradition in my family.On New Year's Eve，all my will come to our house for a feast.As matter of fact，it isn't the food that us together but the sense of belonging does.Making dumplings always great fun.We put a coin into one of the dumplings.Everybody expects to eat the one with the coin inside，because it is said gets the coin will have good fortune in the year.When my mom serves the dumplings， help ourselves immediately，hoping to get the good luck of our year.The coin never comes to me， I am pretty sure of that the luck is always there.
Ⅴ.书面表达
(2019·惠州市第二次调研)假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Charlie对中国文化很感兴趣。他和家人将于今年农历新年来中国旅游，请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1．欢迎他们来中国；
2．旅行前的准备。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Charlie，
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Charlie，
I'm delighted to know you are coming to China with your family during the Chinese Lunar New Year, which is a great chance for you to experience Chinese culture personally. Here I am writing to offer you some advice.
It would be a good idea if you could make some preparations before your travel. First of all, learn some simple Chinese, especially the daily expressions, which makes it easier for you to communicate with the locals wherever you go. Besides，to get yourself familiar with some Chinese local customs and traditions may help you behave properly during your stay.
I hope you will find my advice helpful. Wish you a pleasant journey in China.
Yours，
Li Hua