2021版高考英语（外研版）一轮复习学案：必修3Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina

[单词　拼写应用]

核心单词

1. teaching n．(常作复数)教导；学说

2．principle n．原则；准则

3．position n．职位

4．stress vt.强调

5．resign_vi.辞职

6．soft adj.柔软的

7．fuel n．燃料

8．condition n．状况；条件；环境

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．Our English teacher often stresses(stress) the importance of silent reading in class.

2．These teachings(teaching) lit up my mind, pointed out the direction and gave me endless strength.

3．This causes the metal to become softer(soft) than before, and much easier to machine.

4．Learning to read and write opens the door to a better job and better living conditions(condition)．

5．He decided to_resign(resign) and give up the position as a manager because of poor health.

拓展单词

1.equal adj.平等的→ equally adv.平等地→equality n．平等

2．important adj.重要的→importance n．重要；重要性

3．order n．秩序→orderly adj.整洁的；有秩序的

4．influence n．& v．影响→influential adj.有影响的

5．honest adj.诚实的→honesty n．诚实

6．just adj.公正的→justice n．公正

7．contribute v．贡献→contribution n．贡献

8．invent vt.发明→inventor n．发明家→invention n．发明

9．argue v．争论；争辩→argument n．争论；辩论；议论

10．free adj.自由的→freedom n．自由

[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．There are equal numbers of boys and girls in our class.They share everything in class equally.They value the equality in everything among themselves.(equal)

2．The orderly room shows that she likes to put everything in order.(order)

3．Confucius is an influential thinker who has influenced China for thousands of years.(influence)

4．The honest boy impressed all the employers with his honesty.(honesty)

5．His great contributions to the company have contributed to its rapid development in recent years.(contribute)

6．Edison was a great inventor and was famous for his inventions because he invented many things in his life.(invent)

7．Please set the bird free.Only in the sky can it enjoy freedom happily.(free)

阅读单词

1. philosopher n．哲学家

2．philosophy n．哲学

3．thinker n．思想家

4.kindness n．善良

5．adviser n．顾问

6．love n．仁爱

7.leather n．皮革

8．monk n．和尚

9．category n．范畴；种类

1．(2019·北京卷)Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.刺激，加剧

2．(2018·江苏卷)One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart (莫扎特)．订购

3．(2015·浙江卷)They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine equaled a college year's monthly rent.比得上

[短语　多维应用]

[句式　结构仿写]

1．equal adj.平等的；相等的；胜任的 v．等于；抵得上 n．同等的人或物

(1)be equal to (doing) sth.与……相等；能胜任……；与……匹敌

be equal with 与……平等

(2)equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.(在……方面)比得上……；与……匹敌

without equal 无与伦比

(3)equally adv.相等地；平等地

equality n．相等；平等

be equal to being a manager 胜任当经理

be equal to your physical health 与你的身体健康同等重要

be equally attractive to us students 对我们学生来说有同等的吸引力

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Your personal circumstances are equally(equal) important.

②(2017·江苏卷)India's economy may take off when the country achieves equality(equality) of educational opportunity.

③I'm afraid that you are not equal to taking(take) up the position we advertised.

[能力提升]——一句多译

在勇气方面没有人比得上他，这一点大家都清楚。

①No one equals_him_in_courage,_about which every one knows.(equal v．)

②No one is_equal_to_him_in_courage,_about which every one knows.(equal adj.)

2．order n．秩序；次序；命令；订购；点的饭菜 vt.命令；要求；订购；点(饭菜)

(1)in order of 以……的顺序

in order 整齐，秩序井然；按顺序

out of order 发生故障；混乱

place an order for sth.with sb.向某人订购某物

(2)order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事

order＋that从句(虚拟语气) 命令……

(3)orderly adj.整齐的；井然的

disorder n．无秩序；混乱

order a taxi in advance 提前订了出租车

place an order for some tea with your company 向你们公司订购一些茶

be as busy as a bee trying to put the house in order 忙着整理房间

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2016·北京卷)Ordered(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.

②(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26.

③(2015·江苏卷)But rules alone don't secure an orderly(order) society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.

④(2015·重庆卷)At thirteen, I was diagnosed (诊断) with a kind of attention disorder(order)．

[能力提升]——一句多译

医生要求我休息一个月。

①The doctor ordered me_to_take_a_rest for a month.

②The doctor ordered that I should_take_a_rest for a month.

3．stress vt.强调；施压于；重读 n．压力；强调；重音

(1)stress the importance of 强调……的重要性

(2)lay/put/place stress on 强调；把重点放在……上

under stress 在压力之下

under the stress of 在……压力下；为……所迫

(3)stressful adj.压力大的；紧张的

stressed adj.焦虑不安的

stress the importance of working with our own hands 强调我们亲自动手工作的重要性

put a lot of stress on good table manners 非常重视餐桌礼仪

under the stress of bad weather 迫于恶劣的天气

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2016·全国卷Ⅱ) If you feel stressed(stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater and less importance.

②The life of a high school student is usually active, exciting and full of fun, but it can be stressful(stress) sometimes.

③Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.

[能力提升]——一句多译

我们的老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功路上的重要性。

①Our teachers often stress_the_importance_of diligence in the approach to success.(stress v．)

②Our teachers often lay/put/place_stress_on_the_importance_of diligence in the approach to success.(stress n．)

4．condition n．状况；条件；环境

(1)living/housing/working conditions 生活/住房/工作条件

under ...conditions 在……条件下

(2)be in good/bad/poor condition 状态良好不佳

out of condition 健康状况不佳/条件状况欠佳

(3)on condition (that) ...在……条件下；倘若

on no condition 决不

in excellent physical condition 身体状况很好

try to improve our workers' working conditions 努力改善我们工人的工作环境

create the conditions that will allow the children to learn 创造能让孩子们学习的条件

[名师点津]　①condition表示“(工作、生活或住房等)条件”时，通常要用复数形式；而表示“状况”时，则为不可数名词。

②on no condition置于句首时，句子需部分倒装。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①One of the ways of dealing with that is to deal with housing conditions (condition)．

②Although the used car seems in good condition, it can't run too fast.

[能力提升]——词汇升级

普通表达：You may use this computer if you are able to use it properly so as not to damage it.

高级表达：You may use this computer on_condition_that you are able to use it properly so as not to damage it.

5．bring up养育；抚养；教育；提出；呕吐

[一词多义] —— 写出下列句中bring up的含义

①Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.教育

②He brought up a plan in the meeting, which caused our heated discussion.提出

③He was drunk and brought up what he had eaten at midnight.呕吐

④Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.抚养

bring about 引起，导致(事故、变化等)

bring back 带回；使回忆起某事

bring down 使……降低；使……倒下

bring in 引入；赚得；挣得

bring out 显现出；使发挥

born and brought up in the city 在城市出生并长大

bring about great changes in our lives 给我们的生活带来巨大的变化

bring out a person's best quality 显示出一个人最好的品质

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of my high school days.

②(2017·江苏卷)Working with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor.

③(2015·北京卷)However, social changes that are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.

[能力提升]——完成句子

我总是感激父母。他们不仅给予我生命，而且用无私的关爱抚养我，因我微小的进步而感到非常自豪。

I am always grateful to my parents.They not only gave me life, but also brought_me_up_with_selfless_love,_feeling so proud of my every tiny bit of progress.

6．(教材P41)Treat others in the_way_you_want_to_be_treated.己所不欲，勿施于人。

[句型公式]　句中the way作先行词，you want to be treated为省略关系词的定语从句修饰the way。

(1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。

(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略。

(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.形式。

[金句推送]　(福建卷)The first thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.我要说的第一件事就是，你开始会话的方式非常重要。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It has to continue to move, because the way that the world works is not the same.

②The way that/which came up at the meeting was unpractical.

③School activities are usually considered a good way to_make(make) new friends and develop new interest.

[能力提升]——句式升级

普通表达：Can you work out a way? We can solve the problem in this way.

高级表达：Can you work out a way (that/in_which)_we_can_solve_the_ problem？(定语从句)

7．(教材P43)Mencius believed that the_reason_why_man_is_different_from_ animals_is_that man is good.孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。

[句型公式]　句中believed后面是that引导的宾语从句，从句中使用了“the reason why ...is that ...”句式，其中why引导的是定语从句；that引导的是表语从句。

(1)reason用作先行词时，首先判断定语从句中缺什么成分，如果缺状语，则要使用关系副词why或for which引导定语从句，why有时可省略；如果缺主语或宾语，则使用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。

(2)the reason后接同位语从句解释其内容时，用引导词that。

[金句推送]　The reason why I have been longing to go to America is that I want to experience American culture, which is believed to be the most diverse in the world.

我一直渴望去美国的原因是想去体验被认为是世界上最多元化的美国文化。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

①The reason why he was sleepy in class was that he stayed up last night.

②Is this the reason that/which he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

③Why don't you believe the reason that my car was held up in the traffic jam?

[能力提升]——句式升级

普通表达：People carry umbrellas in hot summer days, because the hot sun may be harmful to the exposed skin.

高级表达：The_reason_why_people_carry_umbrellas_in_hot_summer_days_is _that the hot sun may be harmful to the exposed skin.(the reason why ...is that ...)

多维训练——夯实基础

维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空

1．Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally(equal) respected.

2．He ordered all the students to_wear(wear) their special clothes during the military training.

3．Learning to read and write opens the door to a better job and better living conditions_(condition)．

4．In my opinion, honesty(honest) is the most important part of friendship, because I hate being cheated.

5．This is a highly influential (influence) book.

维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词

1．All the children should be brought up to respect their parents and teachers.

2．People under stress tend to express their full range of potential.

3．The reason why he died young was that he paid no attention to his health.

4．Something that happens in your daily life will change the way that you look at the world.

5．Nobody knows why Jack resigned from office, for he did a good job in the company.

维度3——查缺补漏(单句语法填空/单句改错)

1．Charlie Chaplin made a great contribution(contribute) to the film industry.

2．They were in the middle of an argument(argue) but broke off when someone came into the room.

3．How long do you think the two countries will be at war with each other?

4．I thought him to be nice and honest for the first time I met him.去掉for

5．He made another discovery, which I think is of very importance to science.

very→great

维度4——话题写作

1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)

①知道你对中国历史很感兴趣，对此我觉得很自豪。

I know that you are_interested_in Chinese history, and I am_proud_of it.

②在古代中国有很多著名的哲学家、思想家和发明家。

There are a_lot_of_philosophers,_thinkers_and_inventors in ancient China.

③我最喜欢的中国历史人物是张衡，因为他是一个无与伦比的发明家。

My favourite figure in Chinese history is Zhang Heng, because he was an_inventor_without_equal.

④他出生于公元78年，并在一个大家庭中被抚养成人。

Born in AD 78, he was_brought_up in a big family.

⑤在他的一生中有许多具有影响力的发明，包括著名的地震仪。

During his life, he had_many_influential_inventions,_including the famous seismograph.

⑥他为科学和人类社会的发展做出了巨大的贡献。

He made_great_contributions_to_the_development of science and human society.

2．升级平淡句

(1) 用分词作状语改写句①

Knowing_that_you_are_interested_in_Chinese_history,_I_am_proud_of_it.

(2)用the reason why ...is that ...改写句③

The_reason_why_my_favourite_figure_in_Chinese_history_is_Zhang_Heng_is_that_he_was_an_inventor_without_equal.

3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：as far as I'm concerned, in conclusion)

Knowing that you are interested in Chinese history, I am proud of it.There are a lot of philosophers, thinkers and inventors in ancient China.As far as I'm concerned, the reason why my favourite figure in Chinese history is Zhang Heng is that he was an inventor without equal.Born in AD 78, he was brought up in a big family.During his life, he had many influential inventions, including the famous seismograph.In conclusion he made great contributions to the development of science and human society.