2021版高考英语（人教版）一轮复习学案：必修31Unit1　Festivalsaroundtheworld



一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．beauty n．　　　　　　　　 美；美人
2．herd n. 牧群；兽群
3．rooster n. 雄禽；公鸡
4．seasonal adj. 季节的；季节
性的
5．ancestor n. 祖先；祖宗
6．feast n. 节日；盛宴
7．skull n. 头脑；头骨
8．bone n. 骨；骨头
9．weave vt.& vi. 编织；(使)迂
回前进
10．carnival n. 狂欢节；(四旬斋前的)饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会)
11．lunar adj. 月的；月亮的；阴历的
12．Easter n. (耶稣)复活节
13．parade n. 游行；阅兵；
检阅
14．blossom n．& vi. 花；开花
15．clothing n. 衣服
16．worldwide adj. 遍及全世界
的；世界性的
17．prediction n. 预言，预报；
预告
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．harvest n．& vt.& vi. 收获；收割
2．hunter n. 狩猎者；猎人
3．trick n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门
vt. 欺骗；诈骗
4．poet n. 诗人
5．gain vt. 获得；得到
6．gather vt.& vi. 搜集；集合；聚集
7．award n. 奖；奖品
vt. 授予；判定
8．custom n. 习惯；风俗
9．weep vi. 哭泣；流泪
n. 哭；哭泣
10．parking n. (汽车等)停放
11．drown vt.& vi. 淹没；溺死；淹死
12．obvious adj. 明显的；显而易见的
13．wipe vt. 擦；揩；擦去
14．fool n. 愚人；白痴；受骗者
vt. 愚弄；欺骗
vi. 干傻事；开玩笑
adj. 傻的
15．remind vt. 提醒；使想起
16．forgive vt. 原谅；饶恕
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admiration n．赞赏；钦佩；羡慕→admirable adj.令人羡慕的；值得赞赏的
2．celebration n．庆祝；祝贺→celebrate v．庆祝；祝贺
3．starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→starvation n．饿死；挨饿
4．origin n．起源；由来；起因→original adj.原始的；最初的→originally adv.起初
5．religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的→religion n．宗教信仰
6．arrival n．到来；到达；到达者→arrive vi.到达
7．independent adj.独立的；自主的→independence n．独立；自主→dependence n．依靠；依赖
8．agriculture n．农业；农艺；农学→agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的
9．energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energy n．能量；精力
10．permission n．许可；允许→permit vt.许可；准许 n．许可证　
11．apologize vi.道歉；辩白→apology n．道歉；辩白
12．sadness n．悲哀；悲伤→sad adj.难过的；悲哀的

1.原型动词eep变为ept的不规则
变化
①weep→wept→wept
②keep→kept→kept
③sleep→slept→slept
④sweep→swept→swept
2.单复数意义不同的名词小结
①custom(风俗)→customs(海关)
②short(短的)→shorts(短裤)
③paper(纸)→papers(文件)
④art(艺术)→arts(文科)
⑤work(工作)→works(作品)
⑥manner(方式)→manners(礼貌)
⑦arm(手臂)→arms(武器)
3.名词兼用作动词
①trick n．诡计；恶作剧；窍门→vt.欺骗；诈骗
②fool n．愚人；白痴→vt.愚弄；欺骗
③nurse n．护士→vt.护理，照顾
④head n．头→vi.前往
⑤back n．后背→vt.支持
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．take__place　　　　　　　　 发生
2．in__memory__of 纪念；追念
3．dress__up 穿上盛装；打扮；装饰
4．play__a__trick__on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑
5．look__forward__to 期望；期待；盼望
6．day__and__night 日夜；昼夜；整天
7．as__though 好像
8．have__fun__with 玩得开心
9．turn__up 出现；到场
10．keep__one’s__word 守信用；履行诺言
11．hold__one’s__breath 屏息；屏气
12．set__off 出发；动身；使爆炸
13．remind...of... 使……想起……
14．make__an__apology__to__sb. 向某人道歉

1.in＋n.＋of短语小结
①in memory of　　　　　　 纪念
②in favour of 赞同；支持
③in honor of 向……表示敬意；为纪念……
④in terms of 就……而言
⑤in need of 需要
2.v.＋sb.＋of sth.短语荟萃
①cure sb. of sth.　　　　　　 治好某人的病
②accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事
③cheat sb. of sth. 骗取某人某物
④inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
⑤convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：主语＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.
At that time people would starve if food__was__difficult__to__find,__especially during the cold winter months.
在那个时代，特别是在寒冷的冬天，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿。
句型2：either...or...或者……或者……　
Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.　有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。
句型3：It＋be＋adj.＋that...，其中It为形式主语
It__was__obvious__that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave...　很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……
句型4：while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句
While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
她在人间时遇到了牛郎，然后两人相爱了。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．Many people still hold the belief(信任) that women’s role is to take care of children at home.
2．Tom gained(获得) friendship and experience from the local residents, working with them for three years.
3．He was awarded(授予) the first prize in the speech competition, which made his parents very proud.
4．Eating dumplings on the Spring Festival is a traditional custom(风俗) in some parts of China.
5．Be careful when crossing the bridge or you will fall into the water and get drowned(drown)．
6．(2019·北京卷) With her dad’s permission(permit)，she spent the next two years researching online.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·江苏卷)The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and had a relatively small head. 祖先
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways. 时尚
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读C)His office is located at the Xiangshan campus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.独创的
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The young man kept apologizing to his girlfriend for his being late, but she refused to accept his apology．(apologize)
2．They are celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival and many people are joining in the celebration．(celebrate)
3．The moment I saw the scientist admired by everyone, words failed to express my admiration．(admire)
4．Della’s eyes were full of sadness at the sad news and she looked sadly at her husband.(sad)
5．Even if you have a permit,__I won’t permit you to enter the hall without my permission．(permit)
6．To keep energetic,__he set aside two hours a day to take exercise. That’s why he is always full of energy．(energy)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
make an apology; dress up; look forward to; turn up; have fun with; remind...of...; set off
The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China, which always 1.reminds us of the family reunion. During the Spring Festival, people 2.dress__up to take part in a variety of activities, and they can express appreciation, 3.make__an__apology or forgive each other. What’s more, they give children lucky money and 4.look__forward__to the wonderful future. The excited children 5.set__off fireworks and 6.have__fun__with each other. However, it is a pity that some people can’t 7.turn__up at such a great festival for a variety of reasons.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)就我个人而言，掌握中国绘画知识很容易。
As far as I’m concerned, the knowledge of Chinese paintings is__easy__to__master．
2．下课后，我通常要么去英语角，要么去体育馆。
I often go to either__the__English__Corner__or__the__gym after class.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)很明显，我们应该互相合作，为比赛做好充分的准备。
It__is__obvious__that we should cooperate with each other and make full preparations for the competition.
4．(2017·北京卷书面表达)师生们观看视频时，他们感动不已。
While__the__students__and__teachers__were__watching the video, they were greatly touched.


admire　vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕；欣赏
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We admire the old scientist for his great contributions to the country.
②The works of Dickens are__admired(admire) in China as well as in the west of the world.
③She speaks English so well that her friends are filled with admiration(admire) for her.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(北京卷书面表达)说到中国历史上的著名人物，我非常佩服张骞。
When it comes to the famous figures in Chinese history, I admire__Zhang__Qian__very__much．

(1)admire sb. for sth.　　　 因某事而钦佩某人
(2)admiration n. 钦佩；羡慕
with/in admiration 钦佩地　
[佳句背诵] Mid­autumn Festival is an appealing and important festival when people admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.　中秋节是一个具有吸引力而又非常重要的节日，这时，人们会赏月和品尝月饼。
[名师点津] “赏月”表达荟萃：
(1)admire the moon；
(2)enjoy the moon
gain　vt.获得；得到　n．获利；利益
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①To__gain(gain) a deeper understanding of politics for his writing, he took a one­year job in the city government.
②She hopes to gain experience by/from working abroad for a year.
③As the old saying goes：No pains, no gains(gain)．
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2018·浙江卷6月应用文写作)通过这次志愿者活动，我不仅会开拓视野，还会获得一些宝贵的经验。
Through this voluntary activity, not only will I broaden my horizons but I will also gain__some__valuable__experience．

(1)gain weight　　　　 增加体重
gain...by/from... 从……中获得……
gain others’ respect/trust/knowledge
获得别人的尊敬/信任/知识
(2)No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。　
[佳句背诵] If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.　如果我们到国外旅行，我们可以拓宽视野，获得从书本上得不到的知识。(全国卷Ⅱ)
apologize　vi.道歉；辩白
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2017·天津卷)Respond quickly and briefly, apologising for your mistake.
②I must make an apology(apologize) to him for not being able to attend his party.
[能力提升]——一句多译
老师建议我为不能守约向你道歉。
③My teacher made__a__suggestion that I should apologize to you for failing to keep the appointment.
④My teacher recommended me to make__an__apology to you for failing to keep the appointment.

(1)apologiz(s)e to sb. for (doing) sth.
　　　　　　　　 因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉；辩白
make an apology to sb. for sth.
因某事向某人道歉
owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉　
[佳句背诵] I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.　我应为星期五下午不能和你一起去书店向你道歉。(全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
remind　vt.提醒；使想起
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You must remind him to__take(take) his medicine in case he forgets.
②This photo album serves as a reminder(remind) of the most important moments of my life.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③老师的话让我想起了“有志者，事竟成”的名言。
What the teacher had said reminded__me__of__the__famous__saying,__“Where there is a will, there is a way.”

(1)remind sb. of sth.　　　　 提醒某人某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind (sb.) that... 提醒(某人)……
(2)reminder n. 提醒者；提醒物　
[佳句背诵] However，her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.
然而，她爸爸提醒她，甜食对牙齿不好。(2019·北京卷)
forgive　vt.(forgave, forgiven)原谅；饶恕；免除(债务)
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Being__forgiven(forgive) for the past is the most precious gift we can receive.
②As is known to us, it’s a virtue to__forgive(forgive) and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)请原谅我没能陪伴你去书店。
Please__forgive__me__for my being unable to keep you company to the bookstore.

(1)forgive me　　　　 　 请原谅；对不起
forgive sb.for (doing) sth.
原谅某人(做了)某事
(2)forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌　
[佳句背诵] Forgive me for having taken up so much of your time and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness.　请原谅我占用了你这么多时间，请接受我最美好的祝愿，祝你健康和幸福。
in memory of　纪念；追念
[基础练习]——用右栏短语填空
①Some people are in__favour__of education reform, while others are against it.
②Could I speak to whoever is in__charge__of International Sales please?
③The couple held a dinner party in__celebration__of their wedding anniversary.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④随着端午节的临近，我们计划举行一场龙舟赛，以纪念古代著名诗人屈原。
With the Dragon Boat Festival approaching, we are planning to hold a dragon boat race in__memory__of/in__honour__of__the__famous__ancient__poet__Qu__Yuan．

in favour of　　　　　 支持；赞同；对……有利
in face of 面临；面对
in honour of 为纪念……；祝贺……；
为了向……表示敬意
in charge of 负责；掌管
in celebration of... 为了庆祝……
in search of 寻找　
[佳句背诵] They built a monument in memory of those who died in the great earthquake.
为了纪念在大地震中死去的人们，他们建了一座纪念碑。
look forward to　期望；期待；盼望
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错
①The kid is looking forward to being__taken(take) to the zoo this weekend.
②As I saw the old photo, I always looked back on the scene where we had met.
③The day that he had looked forward to coming at last. coming→came
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。期待您的早日回复。
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. I’m__looking__forward__to__your__early__reply．

look back (on) 　　　　 回忆；回顾
look out for 注意察看；留心
look down on/upon 轻视；瞧不起
look into 调查；向……里看
look up to 尊敬；敬仰　
[佳句背诵] I hold the firm belief that my suggestions will be of great help to you. I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
我坚信我的建议对你会有很大的帮助。盼望着早日收到你的来信。(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
turn up　出现；到场；开大；调高；发现；向上翻
[基础练习]——用turn的相关短语填空
①Things turned__out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.
②The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned__down．
③The moment the bell rang, all the students turned__in their papers immediately.
④I often turn__to my classmates or teachers for help.As a result, I have made great progress in my studies.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
⑤(普通表达)Some famous Chinese artists will appear and perform at the exhibition.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
(高级表达)Some famous Chinese artists will turn__up and perform at the exhibition.

turn down　　　　　 拒绝；关小；调低
turn in 上交；自首
turn out 结果是；证明是；生产；制造
turn over 翻身；移交；转变
turn off 关掉
turn to sb. for help 向某人求助　
[佳句背诵] Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.
别着急，我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。
[联想发散] “出现，到场”短语荟萃：
①turn__up；②show__up；③be__present__at．
set off　出发；动身；燃放，使爆炸；引发
[一词多义]——写出下列句中set off的含义
①Having said goodbye to their friends, they set off for home.出发；动身
②Hong Kong’s stock market fell, setting off a global financial crisis.引发
③On New Year’s Eve, we set off many fireworks, which made the children excited.燃放(烟花等)
[能力提升]——完成句子
④你最好每天留出一些时间运动一下以保持精力充沛。
You had better set__aside__some__time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.

set off for　　　　　　 动身去(某地)
set aside 保留；储蓄；忽视；不顾
set about (doing sth.) 着手/开始(做某事)
set out (to do sth.) 出发；开始(做某事)
set down 放下；记下
set up 建立；树立；搭起　
[佳句背诵] Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.　依照惯例，为激励自己，大学毕业生会在开始他们的人生旅程之前举行一场毕业典礼。

It＋be＋adj.＋that...，其中It为形式主语
(教材P7)It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave...
很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……
[基础练习]——完成句子
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I’m very delighted to know that you’re going to visit a Chinese family. It’s__necessary__that(有必要) you should know about table manners of China.
②It is important that you (should)__hand__in__your__article(上交你的文章) before 28th, June.
③It’s__a__pity__that(真遗憾) you’ve missed such a good chance.
[能力提升]——句式升级
④(普通表达)Obviously, you should have enough sleep to improve your work efficiency.
(高级表达)It__is__obvious__that you should have enough sleep to improve your work efficiency.

(1)It be＋形容词(possible, obvious, important...)＋that从句
(2)It be＋过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported...)＋that从句
(3)It＋不及物动词(seem, occur, happen...)＋that从句
(4)It be＋名词短语(a pity, a fact, a wonder, an honour, an idea, no wonder...)＋that从句　
[佳句背诵] It is obvious that without your timely help, I wouldn’t have achieved my goal.
显而易见， 没有你及时的帮助，我不可能实现我的目标。
while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句
(教材P7)While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.　她在人间时遇到了牛郎，然后两人相爱了。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中while的含义
①Some of us think that Senior 3 students should take exercise after school while the others hold quite different views. 然而；可是
②While it has been more than a year since you taught us English, I’ve missed you a lot, thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you.尽管；虽然
③We must work hard to gain more knowledge while we are young.当……的时候
④While there is life, there is hope.只要

while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句；意为“但是；可是”，表示对比转折；意为“虽然；尽管”，表示转折；while还可表示“只要”。　
[佳句背诵] While traveling can broaden your mind，I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
尽管旅行能够增长你的见识，但是我认为不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。


Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have__reported(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a belief(believe) that populations are increasing.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)For many older people, particularly those living(live) alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence(independent), giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Generally speaking, your arrival(arrive) shouldn’t be later than the fixed time.
4．(2018·江苏卷)Technology is vital for agricultural(agriculture) development.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)A 90­year­old has been__awarded(award) “Woman Of The Year” for being Britain’s oldest full­time employee—still working 40 hours a week.
6．In my hometown，there is a tradition that we will hold a celebration(celebrate) party when we enter a higher school.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．We are starving for the knowledge about this field in order to effectively deal with some projects we will meet.
2．While/Although/Though it is not in his power to do so, he said he would rebuild the Air Base.
3．After getting all the work done, we put up a board reminding people to__protect(protect) the trees.
4．To be brief, great changes have__taken(take) place in our school over the past three years.
5．If you are interested in our club, you can either come to our club in room 202 on the first floor, building 5 or call us at 023­855­5955.
Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)
1．Either you or the headmaster are to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.are→is
2．Reminding to sort out the books, the boy set out to work. Reminding→Reminded
3．Many people agree that they make progress by singing English songs and that it is a good idea to have a fun with English.删除fun前的a
4．In some places women are expected to earn money when men work at home and raise their children. when→while
5．The student had no other choice but to apologize his teacher for the mistake he had made. 在apologize后加to
Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(2019·天津卷书面表达)Additionally，I’m crazy to learn how to appreciate western paintings, and it can’t be better if you can tell us some tricks about how to paint. n．技巧
2．(2017·浙江卷6月)Pahlsson and her husband searched the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.发现
3．We were tricked into buying a poor car, which made us very upset.vt.欺骗；诈骗

提能一　语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
As the Mid­Autumn Festival, one of the most important 1.traditional(tradition)festivals in China, is approaching, we will hold a 2.celebration(celebrate) party in the lecture hall at 8：00 p．m. on the 3.fifteenth(fifteen)day of the eighth lunar month. It’s a great honour to write to invite you to attend it on behalf of our school.
For the party we have arranged some events. At the beginning, we will have a dinner together with you, during 4.which we will enjoy Chinese mooncakes. What’s more, we will get together，5.admiring(admire) the beautiful full moon.As a consequence, I hold the firm 6.belief(believe) that we will have great fun at the party.
I’d appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience. I’m looking forward to 7.hearing(hear) from you!
提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，笔友Tom写信询问你最近开设的有关传统文化的实践课程。请根据提示给他回信。
①你最喜欢的课程；②原因；③对你的影响。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①我想和你分享我最喜欢的实践课程：赛龙舟和包粽子，这都是端午节的传统习俗。
I’d like to share with you my favourite practical courses: racing the dragon boat and making zongzi, both__of__which__are__the__traditional__customs．
②端午节被庆祝是为了纪念古代诗人屈原。
The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in__memory__of__an__ancient__poet__Qu__Yuan.
③他的诗总能使人们想起他对祖国的热爱。
His poems can always remind__people__of__his__devotion__to__his__motherland．
④一起划龙舟可以培养我们的团队精神，这可以帮我们在将来取得成功。
Racing the dragon boat together can develop our team spirit, which__can__help__us__gain__success__in__future．
⑤学习包粽子可以提高我们发展传统食物的意识。
Learning to make zongzi can raise__our__awareness__to__develop__traditional__food．
⑥通过这些课程，我不仅能够积累传统文化信息也能更好地了解我们的国家。
Through these courses, I can__not__only__gather__more__information__about__traditional__culture but I can also have a better understanding of our country.
⑦我期待着在即将到来的端午节和你玩得开心。
I__am__looking__forward__to__having__fun__with you in the coming Dragon Boat Festival.
2．升级平淡句
⑧用倒装句升级句⑥
Through__these__courses,__not__only__can__I__gather__more__information__about__traditional__culture__but__I__can__also__have__a__better__understanding__of__our__country.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：what’s more, last but not least, more importantly)
________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Dear Tom，
I am more than delighted to know you are interested in our practical courses about traditional culture. Now I’d like to share with you my favourite practical courses: racing the dragon boat and making zongzi, both of which are the traditional customs.
The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in memory of an ancient poet Qu Yuan. His poems can always remind people of his devotion to his motherland. What’s more, racing the dragon boat together can develop our team spirit, which can help us gain success in future. Last but not least, learning to make zongzi can raise our awareness to develop traditional food. More importantly, through these courses, not only can I gather more information about traditional culture but I can also have a better understanding of our country.
I am looking forward to having fun with you in the coming Dragon Boat Festival.
Yours，
Li Hua

(建议用时：40分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·成都诊断)For the past two years I have been travelling and living abroad. Home has become more of a feeling than a place. I feel at home when I am with my family in London, but I also feel at home in Italy with friends I love. Home is no longer a picture of a house with a front door and some windows. It is more complicated than that.
This is one of the reasons that celebrating the new year has become very important for me. I do not care about “New Year’s resolutions(新年计划)”—living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life, so I don’t feel the need to plan for change: I live for change.
New Year’s Eve has become my time to reconnect with the friends, which makes me feel at home. Every year we try to reunite wherever we are, and remember the time when we knew each other so well that we felt like a family. It is a moment to reconnect and get to know each other again. Last year, we travelled to a cottage in Ireland where we had no Internet and no neighbours. In the middle of the countryside, away from our constantly changing lives, we were able to become like a little family again.
This year, we went to Barcelona. It was a very big change. We were surrounded by culture and life and joy. There were bars and parties. It was different, but one thing stayed very much the same—I felt at home again and we felt like a family again.
A lot of people feel that New Year’s Eve cannot live up to expectations. Ideas such as the “New Year’s kiss” and “resolutions” create a lot of pressure for people to have a night to remember, a night that will change their lives and perhaps make the next year worth living. I think those people are missing the point. Why can’t New Year be about friends?
【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。过去两年作者在国外旅游、生活，作者经常通过和朋友们一起旅游来庆祝新年，并因此而有家的感觉。
1．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Family.　　　　　　 B．Living abroad.
C．Home. D．Staying with friends.
C　解析：代词指代题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Home is no longer a picture of a house with a front door and some windows.”可知，家不再是一幅有前门和一些窗户的房子的图画；结合画线词所在句“It is more complicated than that.”可知，该句的主语It指代前一句中的“Home”。故C项正确。
2．Why doesn’t the author care about “New Year’s resolutions”？
A．New Year’s resolutions cannot be reached.
B．His lifestyle makes him always ready for change.
C．It’s meaningless to make any big changes in life.
D．Making New Year’s resolutions creates much pressure.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“I do not care about ‘New Year’s resolutions(新年计划)’—living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life, so I don’t feel the need to plan for change: I live for change.”可知，作者的生活不断变化，所以他认为没有必要在意新年计划，故B项正确。
3．What does the author try to convey through his experiences in Ireland and Barcelona?
A．Life is peaceful and enjoyable.
B．Living abroad is a happy experience.
C．Staying with friends makes one feel at home.
D．Travelling abroad enriches one’s life experience.
C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“In the middle of the countryside, away from our constantly changing lives, we were able to become like a little family again.”可知，和朋友待在乡村的中心，远离不断变化的生活，作者找到了家的感觉；根据第四段尾句“It was different, but one thing stayed very much the same—I felt at home again and we felt like a family again.”可知，作者和朋友们在一起，感觉又回到了家，感觉他们像一家人。据此可知，文章中提及作者和朋友在爱尔兰和巴塞罗那的经历旨在说明和朋友待在一起能让人找到家的感觉。故C项正确。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．New Year’s Celebration: How?
B．True Friendship: What?
C．Living Abroad: Comfortable or Complicated?
D．Change: Plan It or Make It?
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者由于常年旅居在国外，对于庆祝新年和新年计划有着不同的思考：有朋友的地方就有家的感觉，变化着的生活不需要新年计划，故A项最适合作文章标题。
【难句分析】　I do not care about “New Year’s resolutions(新年计划)”—living abroad has made me constantly reconsider what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life, so I don’t feel the need to plan for change: I live for change.
分析：句中what kind of person I want to be and how I will live my life为and连接的两个宾语从句，作reconsider的宾语；so I don’t feel the need to plan for change: I live for change为so引导的结果状语从句。
译文：我不在意新年计划——生活在国外让我不断重新考虑我想成为什么样的人，我将如何生活，所以我觉得没有必要为改变做计划：我为改变而活。
B
(2020·安徽六校联考)I read a newspaper article about a new concept. The idea is simple, but revolutionary(革命性的): combining a residential home for the elderly with a nursery school in the same building. The children and the residents(住户) eat lunch together and share activities such as music, painting and gardening. In the afternoons, the residents enjoy reading stories to the children and, if a child is feeling sad or tired, there is always a kind lap to sit on and a hug.
Nowadays there is less and less contact between the old and the young. There are many reasons for this, including the breakdown of the extended family, working parents with no time to care for ageing relations, and smaller flats with no room for grandparents. But the result is the same: increasing numbers of children without grandparents and old people who have no contact with children. It’s a major problem in many societies.
That’s why inter­generational(代际的) programs are growing in popularity all over the world. There are examples of successful actions all over the world. Using young people to teach IT skills to older people is one obvious example. Using old people as volunteer assistants in schools is another. One successful scheme in London pairs young volunteers with old people who are losing their sight. The young people help with practical things such as writing letters, reading bank statements and helping with shopping, and the older people can pass on their knowledge and experience to their young visitors. For example, a retired judge may be paired with a teenager who wants to study law.
But it isn’t only the individuals concerned who gain from inter­generational activities. The advantages to society are huge too. If older people can understand and accept the youth of today, there will be less conflict in a community. And we can use the strengths of one generation to help another. Then perhaps getting old won’t be so sad after all.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。如今老年人和青少年之间的联系越来越少，这是一个很严重的问题，因此为老年人和青少年创造联系的代际计划越来越受欢迎。
5．Why does the author mention the newspaper article he read?
A．To argue for a new concept.
B．To show his interest in the topic.
C．To introduce the topic of the text.
D．To draw our attention to a social problem.
C　解析：写作意图题。根据第一段第二句“The idea is simple, but revolutionary(革命性的): combining a residential home for the elderly with a nursery school in the same building.”可知，作者在报纸上读到的那篇文章主张将养老院和幼儿园结合起来，将它们建在一起；再根据后面作者所讲述的内容可判断出，作者之所以提到那篇文章是为了引出要讲的话题。故正确答案为C。
6．What is the purpose of the inter­generational programs?
A．To provide a good job opportunity for the young.
B．To bring the old and the young together.
C．To teach the young to respect the old.
D．To ask the old to care for the young.
B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“But the result is the same: increasing numbers of children without grandparents and old people who have no contact with children. It’s a major problem in many societies.”和第三段第一句“That’s why inter­generational(代际的) programs are growing in popularity all over the world.”可知，目前没有祖父母照顾的孩子的数量以及没有机会和孩子联系的老人的数量都在增加，这是一个很大的问题，而代际计划就是为了解决这一问题的。由此可判断出代际计划的目的是使老人和孩子生活在一起。故正确答案为B。
7．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The reasons why inter­generational programs enjoy popularity in the world.
B．The inter­generational programs’ benefits to individuals.
C．The inter­generational programs all over the world.
D．The examples of inter­generational activities.
D　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可判断出，本段主要介绍的是一些代际活动的例子。故正确答案为D。
8．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Building Bridges for the Old and the Young
B．A New Concept in Caring for the Old Is Born
C．Offering a Warm Home for the Young
D．Being Old Is No More Sad
A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是：如今老年人和青少年之间的联系越来越少，这是一个很严重的问题，因此为老年人和青少年创造联系的代际计划越来越受欢迎。A项体现了本文的核心，适合用作本文的标题。故正确答案为A。
【难句分析】　One successful scheme in London pairs young volunteers with old people who are losing their sight.
分析：本句是一个复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词old people。
译文：伦敦一项成功的方案是将年轻的志愿者与视力渐失的老年人配对组合。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·桂林、崇左联合模拟)Experts say boredom is good for kids. It forces them to be creative, __1__ their imaginations, and helps them discover new things. A(n) __2__ in point is 13－year－old Luke Thill from Dubuque, Iowa.
Luke was __3__ of playing video games and riding his bike, so he decided to build a tiny house in his backyard instead. He made money from cutting lawns(草坪) and __4__ exchanged some services, such as sweeping his garage __5__ the help of an electrical engineer. Luke also __6__ spare materials from his grandmother’s house and other __7__ materials from his neighbors for some of the windows and the door.
The 89－square－foot home cost $1，500 to build and __8__ months. Inside there’s a kitchenette, a back sitting room, a table and a mounted(镶嵌的) TV, and an upstairs bedroom can be easily __9__ by stairway.
Although Luke did the __10__ and learned how to do all the work, he had his father’s __11__ throughout the project. Greg Thill was very happy that his son learned to stay on __12__ and deal with grown－ups. __13__， he had some simple rules when Luke __14__ the house: You __15__ the money. You build it. And you own it.
Luke is now in love with __16__. He has an online channel and hopes to __17__ other kids to start building. __18__， he wants to build a bigger tiny house to live in, but for now, he __19__ in his new home a few nights a week, does homework there, and uses it to take a __20__ from his twin brother.
【解题导语】　厌倦会让孩子们产生非凡的创造力和想象力。Luke厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车，于是在父亲的帮助下，他通过帮人修剪草坪挣钱建自己的小房子。房子设计合理，很有创意。他还鼓励其他孩子建房子……
1．A.changes　　　　　　　　　 B．ignores
C．improves D．weakens
C　解析：根据上文中的“Experts say boredom is good for kids.”可知，专家认为厌倦有益于孩子；结合该句可知，厌倦迫使孩子们有创造力，能使他们提高(improves)想象力。
2．A.method B．explanation
C．procedure D．case
D　解析：根据该句中的“13－year－old Luke Thill”并结合下文讲述的Luke的事例可知，此处表示一个恰当的事例(case)。
3．A.tired B．fond
C．confident D．guilty
A　解析：Luke厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车，所以他决定在他的后院建一个小房子。be tired of “对……厌烦”为固定搭配，和第一段第一句中的“boredom”呼应，故A项正确。
4．A.thus B．even
C．still D．anyhow
B　解析：他靠修剪草坪赚钱，甚至交换一些服务。根据句意可知，空处前后为递进关系，故用even。
5．A.in exchange for B．in praise for
C．in support of D．in place of
A　解析：根据该句中的“exchanged”可知，为了获得电气工程师的帮助，作为交换，Luke给他打扫车库。A项意为“交换”，故A项正确。B项意为“表扬”，C项意为“支持”，D项意为“代替，顶替”，都与语境不符。
6．A.updated B．ordered
C．removed D．used
D　解析：根据该句中的“spare materials from his grandmother’s house”可知，Luke还用了(used)祖母家的闲置材料和从邻居们那里回收的其他材料做了一些窗户和门。
7．A.recycled B．cheap
C．new D．raw
A　解析：根据该句中的“spare materials”可知，空处和形容词“spare”对应，A项意为“回收的”，故A项符合语境。
8．A.spent B．took
C．saved D．wasted
B　解析：这栋89平方英尺的房子造价1 500美元，耗时数月。take意为“花费”，故B项正确。
9．A.supported B．accessed
C．held D．landed
B　解析：此处表示可以轻易地通过楼梯到达楼上的卧室。B项意为“进入，使用”，故B项正确。
10．A.research B．housework
C．experiment D．discovery
A　解析：根据该句中的“learned how to do all the work”可知，Luke做了研究，学习了如何做所有的工作。
11．A.permission B．help
C．control D．order
B　解析：根据语境可知，虽然Luke做了研究，学习了如何做所有的工作，但在整个项目中，他一直有父亲的帮助。
12．A.credit B．business
C．budget D．duty
C　解析：Greg Thill很高兴他的儿子学会了控制预算以及和大人打交道。on budget意为“在预算内”，为固定搭配。
13．A.Therefore B．Besides
C．Rather D．However
D　解析：根据语境可知，他在Luke开始建房子时，仍然提出了一些简单的规则。据此可知，该句和前一句之间为逻辑上的转折关系，故用However。
14．A.finished B．decorated
C．started D．painted
C　解析：参见上题解析。
15．A.borrow B．donate
C．raise D．distribute
C　解析：根据第二段第二句中的“He made money from cutting lawns(草坪)”可知，此处表示“你筹集钱去建房，你就拥有这个房子”。C项意为“筹集”，故C项正确。
16．A.books B．videos
C．riding D．building
D　解析：根据下文中的“building”和语境可知，Luke现在爱上了建造。
17．A.inspire B．press
C．command D．warn
A　解析：他希望能激励其他孩子开始建造。
18．A.Luckily B．Eventually
C．Frequently D．Strangely
B　解析：根据语境可知，最后，他想要建一个更大的自己住的房子。
19．A.brings out B．leaves out
C．hangs out D．puts out
C　解析：他每周都会花几个晚上待在新房子里。C项意为“常去某处”，故C项正确；A项意为“使显现，生产”；B项意为“遗漏，不包括”；D项意为“熄灭，扑灭，生产”。
20．A.ride B．risk
C．chance D．break
D　解析：根据语境可知，他可以待在他自己的房子里，和孪生兄弟分开一下，以有自己的空间。
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2020·沈阳质量监测)When thousands of lanterns light up the city at night on fifteenth day of the Chinese New Year, I knew the Chinese Lantern Festival has arrived. All kinds of lanterns shine bright against the dark night sky. Some of the lanterns are small, while other are really big. Some even seem to taking on the shapes of dragons. The lanterns made of silk feels smoother than those made of plastics. Families walk happy in the crowding streets, admiring a variety of beautiful lanterns. When most parents are enjoying the colourful lanterns, their child are watching exciting live programs and traditional Chinese lion dance performances. The warmth and happiness of the festival fill with the air, but I love everything about it.
答案：
When thousands of lanterns light up the city at night on fifteenth day of the Chinese New Year, I the Chinese Lantern Festival has arrived. All kinds of lanterns shine bright against the dark night sky. Some of the lanterns are small, while are really big. Some even seem to on the shapes of dragons. The lanterns made of silk smoother than those made of plastics. Families walk in the streets, admiring a variety of beautiful lanterns. When most parents are enjoying the colourful lanterns, their are watching exciting live programs and traditional Chinese lion dance performances. The warmth and happiness of the festival fill the air, I love everything about it.
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①在fifteenth前加the。考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“第十五”，需用定冠词the。故在fifteenth前加the。
②knew改为know。考查动词的时态。根据时间状语从句中的“light up”和语境可知，此处描述的是一般性的情况，应用一般现在时，故把knew改为know。
③other改为others。考查代词。分析句子结构可知，本句是some...others...的用法，意为“一些……其他……”，故把other改为others。
④taking改为take。考查固定用法。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处为seem to do sth.的用法。故把taking改为take。
⑤feels改为feel。考查主谓一致。根据主语“The lanterns”可知，此处的谓语动词需用复数形式，故把feels改为feel。
⑥happy改为happily。考查副词。修饰动词walk应用副词，故把happy改为happily。
⑦crowding改为crowded。考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示“拥挤的街道”，应用crowded，故把crowding改为crowded。
⑧child改为children。考查名词的单复数。根据其后的谓语动词“are”可知，此处应用名词复数，故把child改为children。
⑨删除fill后的with。考查动词。根据语境可知，此处表示空气中弥漫着节日的温暖和幸福，fill在此处为及物动词，故删除fill后的with。
⑩but改为and或so。考查连词。根据句意可知，此处前后分句为并列或因果关系，故将but改为and或so。