2021版高考英语（人教版）一轮复习学案：选修74Unit4　Sharing


一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．airmail n．　 　　　　　 航空邮件
2．fortnight n. 两星期
3．roof n. 屋顶；车顶
4．muddy adj. 泥泞的；泥土般的
5．bucket n. 水桶；吊桶；提桶
6．broom n. 扫帚
7．sniff vt.& vi. 嗅；闻；用鼻子吸
8．interpreter n. 作口译的人
9．toast vt. 烤(面包等)；敬酒
n. 烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯
10．comb n. 梳子
vi. 梳(发)
11．click vi.& vt. (使)发出咔嗒声
n. 咔嗒声
12．angle n. 角；角度
13．financial adj. 财务的；金融的；财政的
14．trunk n. 树干；躯干；大衣箱
15．clinic n. 门诊部；小诊所
16．weed n. 杂草；野草
vt.& vi. 除杂草
17．catalogue n. 目录
18．seed n. 种子；萌芽
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．textbook n. 教科书；课本
2．weekly adj.& adv. 每周(的)
3．relevant adj. 有关的；切题的
4．remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的
5．otherwise conj. 否则；不然
adv. 用别的方法；其他方面
6．privilege n. 特权；特别优待
7．astronaut n. 宇航员；太空人
8．anniversary n. 周年纪念(日)
9．economic adj. 经济的；经济学的
10．purchase vt.& n. 买；购买
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合→adjustable adj.可调整的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
2．participate vi.参与；参加→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者
3．operate vi.工作； 运转 vt.操作→operation n．手术；运转→operator n．操作人员
4．donate vt.捐赠→donation n．捐赠→donator n．捐赠者
5．volunteer n．自愿者；志愿者 vi.自愿做→voluntary adj.自愿的； 志愿的；无偿的
6．distribute vt.分配；分发→distribution n．分配；分发
7．arrange v．准备；安排→arrangement n．安排；排列
8．secure vt.使安全→security n．安全；保护；保障
9．politics n．政治→political__ adj.政治的；政党的


1.以“­s”结尾的非复数名词
①news　　　　　　 新闻
②politics 政治
③physics 物理
④abacus 算盘
⑤economics 经济学
⑥linguistics 语言学
2.常用“­y”形容词一览
①muddy　　　 泥泞的；泥土般的
②sunny 阳光充足的
③windy 多风的
④rainy 多雨的
⑤cloudy 多云的；阴天的
⑥foggy 雾气蒙蒙的
3.含“­able”后缀的高频形容词
①adjustable　 　 可调整的
②respectable 可敬的
③adaptable 可适应的
④reasonable 合理的
⑤changeable 易变的
⑥comfortable 舒服的
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．hear__from　　　　　　 接到……的信
2．(be)__dying__to 极想；渴望
3．the__other__day__ 不久前的一天
4．come__across__ 偶然遇到
5．be__relevant__to...__ 和……有关
6．participate__in__ 参与……；参加……
7．dry__out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透
8．dry__up (指河流、井等)干涸
9．in__need__ 在困难中；在危急中
10．get__through 完成；穿过；接通电话

1.“v.＋from”短语一览
①hear from　　　　 收到……的信
②date from 追溯到
③result from 由于
④escape from 从……逃脱
⑤benefit from 从……中获益
2.表示“偶然遇到”的短语荟萃
①come across　　 偶然遇到
②run across 偶然遇到
③run into 撞上；偶然遇到
④meet with 符合；偶然遇到
⑤knock into 撞上；偶然遇到
3.“与……有关”面面观
①be relevant to　　　 与……有关
②be related to 与……有关
③be connected with 与……有关
④have to do with 与……有关
⑤in connection with 与……有关/相连
⑥be associated with 与……有关
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用

句型公式
教材原句
句型1：be doing...when...正在做……这时突然……
The other day I was__showing__the__boys__the__weekly__chemistry__experiment__when,__before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!
几天前，我正给男孩儿们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没有明白怎么回事，这时混合剂突然到处冒气泡了！
句型2：doubt whether...怀疑是否……
To be honest, I__doubt__whether__I’m__making__any__difference__to these boys’ lives at all.　说实在的，我怀疑是否我教的课会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。
句型3：“介词＋关系副词”引导的定语从句
We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge __from__where__we__had__fantastic__views and then down a steep path to the valley below. 　我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊，在那里看到了奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。
句型4：not...but...不是……而是……
The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but__a__voluntary__contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.　你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。

二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．(2019·江苏卷)This has led companies and individuals to donate(捐款) money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I feel it a privilege(特权) to invite you to join us in the exhibition.
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks (教科书), and mistakes as well.
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)I think we need to read some materials that are relevant(有关的) to the topic we are discussing.
5．With the increasingly rapid economic(经济的) growth, more problems are brought to our attention.
6．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Keep a record and evaluate it weekly(week)．
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses.安全
2．(2019·天津卷阅读D)However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我), whether to loved ones，to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept.观念；概念
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over the top.房顶
4．(2017·江苏卷阅读D)His not­for­profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities.诊所
5．(全国卷Ⅰ七选五)Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.角度
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance.(operate)
2．The desks and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students.The adjustment is not difficult to make.(adjust)
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I would like to do some voluntary work for the exhibition.So I am writing this letter asking to be a volunteer．(voluntary)
4．We encouraged anyone to participate in the singing competition and the participant who wins will be given a gift as prize for the participation．(participate)
5．We could make an arrangement to meet at the school gate at 10 a．m. and arrange for the following activity.(arrange)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
adjust to; be dying to; be relevant to; the other day; make a great difference; participate in; in need
My sister 1.was__dying__to do some voluntary work to help those 2.__in__need. She was determined to go to a remote village to 3.participate__in a voluntary activity. She made full preparations for the activity. The theme of this activity 4.was__relevant__to caring for the elderly. My mother was worried about whether she could 5.adjust__to living in the remote mountainous village alone. 6.The__other__day,__she told us that it was not a burden but a privilege to accompany the elderly. In my opinion, what she did 7.made__a__great__difference to the village.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．说实在的，我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这项艰巨的任务。
To be honest, I doubt whether__they__will__finish__the__hard__task in two days.
2．那个男孩爬到了那栋建筑物的三楼，从那个地方他可以看得更远。
The boy climbed into the third storey of the building, from__where__he__could__look__farther__into__the__distance．
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)不是这部电影，而是影片中播放的内容才真正有价值。
It__is__not__the__movie__but what is shown in it that really counts.
4．昨天下午我正在街上散步，这时我碰到了我的英语老师。
I was__walking__in__the__street__yesterday__afternoon__when I met my English teacher.

adjust　vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合
[基础练习]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The first time I set foot on the country, I couldn’t adjust __to the customs of the country.
②We have made an adjustment(adjust) to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent.
③I really hope you can adjust__your__emotion(调整你的情绪) and can be happy every day.
[能力提升]——微写作
④(2018·北京卷书面表达)你最好在来之前学习一些初级汉语，那样你就能很快地适应北京的生活。
You’d better learn some basic Chinese before you come. That way, you__can__adjust__yourself__to__the__life__in__Beijing__soon．

(1)adjust...to...　　　 调整……以适应……
adjust (oneself) to 使(自己)适应……
(2)adjustment n．　　　　 调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment 做出调整
(3)adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的　
[佳句背诵] Mike’s mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school, making it difficult for him to adjust to college life.
在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情，这让他难以适应大学的生活。
participate　vi.参与；参加
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2020·武昌区元月调研书面表达)Having__participated(participate) in several similar activities before, I know well how to handle emergencies.
②(江苏卷书面表达)Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation(participate) rules for people to obey.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)Those who want to join in the contest are supposed to sign up before May 20th.
(高级表达)Those who want to participate__in__ the contest are supposed to sign up before May 20th.

(1)participate in　　　 参加
(2)participant n. 参加者
participation n. 参与；参加；分享
[佳句背诵] Besides，our school set up a volleyball team and a basketball team.Both teams train for two hours a day and participate in competitions regularly.　此外， 我们学校组建了排球队和篮球队。两个队每天训练两个小时并定期参加比赛。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
[联想发散] “参加”荟萃：
①take__part__in；　　　　 ②join__in；
③compete__in;__ ④participate__in．
donate　v．捐赠；赠送
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(天津卷书面表达)Now I am writing an e­mail to tell you something about our donated(donate) books.
②Besides, we made a donation(donate) of 120，000 yuan to you, expecting that it can help you get through the difficulties.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③(普通表达)The old man donated a lot of money to the school. It enables the students to return to their classroom.
(高级表达)The old man donated a lot of money to the school, enabling__the__students__to__return__to__their__classroom. (分词作状语)

(1)donate...to sb./sth.　　　 把……捐赠给某人或某物
(2)donation n. 捐赠；捐献
make a donation to... 向……捐赠
(3)donated adj. 捐赠的
[佳句背诵] Luckily, many people and organizations donated a lot of money to help them receive college education smoothly.　幸运的是，许多人和组织捐赠了很多钱来帮助他们顺利地接受大学教育。
distribute　vt.分配；分发；分布
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Then we distributed some presents such as books and school bags to/among them.
②The unfair distribution(distribute) of wealth has become a serious problem and the government has decided to take action to make it fairer.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2018·北京卷书面表达)我告诉那些国际学生，茶广泛分布在全国各地。
I told those international students that tea__is__widely__distributed__all__over__the__country．

(1)distribute...to...　　 把……分给……
distribute...among... 在……中分发……
(2)distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态
[佳句背诵] They have contributed lots of food and clothes to that rural area and some volunteers helped to distribute them to those in need.
他们捐赠了大量的食物和衣服到农村地区，一些志愿者帮助把他们分发给那些需要的人。
operate　vi.工作；运转；动手术　vt.操作；经营
[一词多义]——写出下列句中operate的含义
①People were trapped between floors because the lift didn’t operate properly.运转
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Computers are much easier to operate.操作
③If the doctor had operated on him earlier, he wouldn’t have died.动手术
④My parents used to operate a small restaurant near the train station.经营
⑤This kind of material operates as a very effective protection.起作用

(1)operate on sb.　　　　　 给某人动手术
(2)operation n. 运转；手术
put sth. into operation 实施/施行……
[佳句背诵] We’re all ready to put it into operation; in other words, we’re going to take action as soon as possible.　我们都准备好将它付诸实施了；换句话说，我们将尽快采取行动。
[联想发散] “经营， 管理”表达如下：
①manage；　　②operate；　　③run．
(be) dying to　极想；渴望
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He has been longing (long) to attend college since he was a little boy. Now his dream has come true.
②Mike is eager to__stay(stay) away from the busy city life for a while.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③作为一名渴望学习知识的学生，你在学习中有必要形成一种有效的学习方法。
As a student who is__dying__to__learn__knowledge/is__dying__for/is__thirsty__for__knowledge,__it is necessary to build an effective method in your study.

(1)渴望得到某物
(2)渴望(做)某事
[佳句背诵] I heard you are dying for some advice on how to make friends.
我听说你正渴望得到一些如何交友的建议。
in need　在困难中；在危急中
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①In our life we may meet many failures. As long as we try our best，there is no need to__feel(feel) regret for these failures.
②They won’t go back to work unless someone can meet their needs(need)．
[能力提升]——完成句子
③Deeds are better than words when people are in__need__of__help(需要帮助)．　
④As the saying goes, a__friend__in__need__is__a__friend__indeed(患难见真情)．　

in need of　　　　　　　　 需要
satisfy/meet one’s needs 满足某人的需要
There is no need for sb. to do sth.
某人没有必要做某事。
[佳句背诵] Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need.　捐赠书籍和体育用品给有需要的儿童，而不是高喊空洞的口号，这更有意义。

“介词＋关系副词”引导的定语从句
(教材P29)We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views...
我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊，在那里看到了奇妙的景色……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The app WeChat provides a networking platform where communication has become faster and easier.
②The book was written in 1946, since when the education system witnessed great changes.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③(普通表达)Alice stood at the window, and from there she could see her classmates playing football.
(高级表达)Alice stood at the window, from__where__she__could__see her classmates playing football.(定语从句)

句中from where引导的定语从句修饰a ridge。在“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom，关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from where和since when。
[佳句背诵] It took us about 2 hours to reach the top, from where we were rewarded with beautiful scenery.
我们花了大约2个小时到达山顶，从那里我们看到了美丽的风景。
not...but...不是……而是……
(教材P34)The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.
你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Not how much money you will give us but that you are present at the ceremony really matters(matter)．
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I work not because I have to, but because I want to.
③It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.

(1)not...but...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。
(2)not only...but(also), either...or...，neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按“就近一致”原则确定。
[佳句背诵] I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.
我意识到成功的秘诀不是你出生于何时何地，而是你在生活中的所作所为。

Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．He was making arrangements(arrange) for accommodations for the students.
2．As we all know, Yang Liwei and Wang Yaping are famous astronauts(astronaut) in China.
3．During the last three decades, the number of people participating(participate) in physical fitness programme has increased sharply.
4．His idea of having weekly(week) family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has many good changes in their lives.
5．Last Sunday, our class launched a voluntary(volunteer) activity whose theme was to make the city more beautiful and advocate a low­carbon lifestyle.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．As for the environmental protection, it is not what we say but what we do that makes a difference.
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Here are three main reasons why I am the best choice for you.
3．I think we need to read some materials that are relevant to the topic we are discussing.
4．The teacher was__distributing(distribute) the sweets among the children when a boy burst out crying.
5．Brought up in the country, he finds it hard to adjust himself(he) to city life.
Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)
1．We want to make a donation for the Hope Project, so we are organizing a charity show.for→to
2．It is really a privilege for me to work as a interpreter in the company.第二个a→an
3．The vase was purchased at a high price turned out to be of little value.删除was或在was前加that/which
4．It is no need for us to wish for the things that don’t belong to us.It→There
5．Being abroad for so many years, I always look forward to hear from my family.hear→hearing
Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(天津卷)When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him.His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.vt.除杂草
2．There is a remote chance that you will catch him before he leaves.adj.微小的
3．He smoothed his hair and adjusted his tie. vt.整理

提能一　语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
Volunteering is one way through 1.which people including students can develop academic, technical and social skills that otherwise could not be learned in a classroom environment. Most of us feel that we lack time because of the career or studies. However，we need 2.to__arrange(arrange) to take action right away. 3.Donating(donate) some spare cash, time or goods and distributing them 4.to those 5.in need is a good way to help them out. Volunteering is one of the things we can do to help us feel good and build up our self­confidence.Therefore, I advise people to participate 6.in helping others as much as possible.
(二)
I heard 1.from my friend Jim last week.He is doing voluntary work in Africa now.People there are dying 2.to get food and fresh drinking water.Children from poor families are starving or thirsting to death.Some countries are even at war, so they are in need 3.of doctors, especially those who can operate 4.on the wounded.The rivers and lakes are drying 5.up due to the extreme heat.Though the working conditions are terrible, Jim is determined to stick it 6.out．
提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，你的朋友Peter听说你去支教，来信询问相关情况，请你给他写封回信。要点如下：①写信目的；②介绍支教工作；③表达愿望。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①很高兴收到你的来信，信中说你关心我的志愿者工作。
I’m delighted to receive your letter, saying__you__are__concerned__about__my__voluntary__work．
②现在我向你简要介绍一下。
Now I’d like to introduce__some__brief__information__to__you．
③几天前，我去了一个遥远的村庄，在那里我参加了一个志愿者活动。(定语从句)
The__other__day,__I__went__to__a__remote__village,__where__I__participated__in__a__voluntary__activity.
④我用了几天时间才适应在这个山村的生活。
It__took__me__several__days__to__adjust__to__the__life__of__the__mountainous__village.
⑤做志愿者工作帮助那些需要帮助的人不仅很荣幸而且给了我一个挑战自己的机会。
It is not__only__a__privilege__to__do__voluntary__work__to__help__those__in__need but also an opportunity to challenge myself.
⑥志愿者工作让我生活得更充实。
The voluntary work helps__me__live__my__life__to__the__fullest．
⑦我渴望尽快收到你的来信。
I__am__dying__to__hear__from__you__as__soon__as__possible.
2．升级平淡句
⑧用倒装句升级句⑤
Not__only__is__it__a____privilege__to__do__voluntary__work__to__help__those__in__need__but__also__an__opportunity__to__challenge__myself.
⑨用强调句式升级句⑥
It__is__the__voluntary__work__that__helps__me__live__my__life__to__the__fullest.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however, as far as I’m concerned, in addition)
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One possible version：
Dear Peter，
I’m delighted to receive your letter, saying you are concerned about my voluntary work. Now I’d like to introduce some brief information to you.
The other day, I went to a remote village, where I participated in a voluntary activity. However, it took me several days to adjust to the life of the mountainous village. As far as I am concerned, not only is it a privilege to do voluntary work to help those in need but also an opportunity to challenge myself. In addition, it is the voluntary work that helps me live my life to the fullest.
I am dying to hear from you as soon as possible.
Yours，
Li Hua

(建议用时：40分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·安徽重点中学模拟)When asked to describe Comfort Zone Camp in one word, I realized this can be extremely difficult to do. As I think about this question, one word that constantly comes to mind is family. When my mom passed away three years ago, a piece of my family was unexpectedly torn away from me. There are numerous memories filling my mind, making missing my mom extremely hard. Thankfully, I have found support and encouragement in friends throughout the past three years and in new family members every day. Comfort Zone Camp has provided me with additional family members that have been one of the best support systems I could ever ask for.
While nothing could ever replace my mom, every time I go to the Camp I find my camp family grows a little bigger, making it a bit easier for me to deal with my loss. Since starting to volunteer at Comfort Zone Camp I have met so many amazing people. I will never forget meeting my very first friend. Not only did we look alike, but there were many times when staff members would confuse our names. From then on we loved joking around and referring to ourselves as sisters while purposely dressing alike.
Every child that comes to the Camp just wants to be loved. They want you to play games with them, laugh with them and comfort them if needed. They want someone to respect their memories, tears, and hopes for the future. We are asked to meet these children where they are and help them discover where they want to go from there. At last, they’ll describe the Camp through the word family, or even better, with one word that is incredibly unique to their own experience.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己在Comfort Zone Camp的经历，以及从其中的志愿活动中受益的故事。
1．What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A．The Camp has replaced the author’s family.
B．The author can’t recover from her mother’s death.
C．Something inspiring has happened to the author.
D．Her mother’s death caused breakdown of the family.
C　解析：推理判断题。结合第一段的内容，尤其是“Thankfully, I have found support and encouragement in friends throughout the past three years...support systems I could ever ask for.”可知，母亲去世曾经给作者巨大的打击，但是她的亲朋好友及Comfort Zone Camp给了她很大的帮助和鼓舞，故选C。
2．What did the author do in the Camp?
A．She turned to volunteers for help.
B．She gave a hand to kids in need.
C．She helped a friend who looked like her.
D．She told the memories about her mother.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since starting to volunteer...people.”及最后一段中的“We are asked to meet these children where they are and help them discover where they want to go from there.”可知，作者在这里是一名志愿者，帮助那些需要帮助的孩子们，故选B。
3．How does the author feel about the Camp?
A．Interested.　 B．Surprised.
C．Grateful. D．Disappointed.
C　解析：观点态度题。通读全文可知，通过参加Comfort Zone Camp的活动，作者认识了更多的人，得到了很多支持和鼓励，也给其他人提供帮助，慢慢从失去母亲的悲伤中恢复，她内心是充满感激的，故选C。
【难句分析】　While nothing could ever replace my mom, every time I go to the Camp I find my camp family grows a little bigger, making it a bit easier for me to deal with my loss.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中的While引导让步状语从句；every time引导时间状语从句；现在分词短语making it...my loss在句中作状语。
译文：虽然任何事情都不能取代我母亲的位置，每次我去营地时，我发现我的营地家庭变得更大了一点，使我更容易应对我的失落感。
B
(2020·济南高三模拟)We humans love to stare into our smart devices. We gaze for hours—about 10 hours and 39 minutes a day—at our computers, smartphones, tablets and televisions. Is all this staring bad for us? It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.
Blue light is a type of electromagnetic(电磁的) radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy. While it’s true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why blue­light­blocking glasses are so popular. So do the glasses work?
“Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye, but there’s no evidence that it may be causing serious damage，” Dr. Rahul Khurana, clinical spokesman for the American Academy of Ophthalmology, told Business Insider.
Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light. But if blue light isn’t harmful, then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when we’re looking at our screens? The answer is eyestrain(眼疲劳): More than 60 percent of people experience eye problems associated with digital eyestrain. And blue light, it seems, isn’t the cause. Instead, our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices. So if eyestrain is the issue, blue­light­blocking glasses are probably of little use.
【解题导语】　本文主要探讨了蓝光是否对我们的眼睛有害的问题。
4．What do we know about blue light?
A．It is a kind of nuclear radiation.
B．It has the shortest wavelength.
C．It may come from electronic devices.
D．It consumes a great deal of energy.
C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It might be, mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.”可知，电子设备会发出蓝光。A项、B项和D项与第二段中的“Blue light is a type of electromagnetic(电磁的) radiation with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy.”所表达的信息不符，故排除。
5．What causes the popularity of blue­light­blocking glasses?
A．Evidence of their benefits to eyes.
B．Belief in blue light’s harmful effect.
C．Widespread use of smart devices.
D．Scientific understanding of blue light.
B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes. But many people still think it is, which is why blue­light­blocking glasses are so popular.”可知，防蓝光眼镜流行的原因是人们认为蓝光会对眼睛有害。
6．What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A．Blue light exposure is hardly avoidable.
B．Eye problems are not easy to deal with.
C．Blue light may connect with tired eyes.
D．Rubbing eyes makes people strained.
A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Blue light exposure is nothing new. In fact, the sun is the largest source of blue light. Moreover, blue light is also present in LED light.”可知，阳光是蓝光最大的来源，而且蓝光也存在于LED灯中。由此可知，接触蓝光几乎是不可避免的。
7．According to the text, wearing blue­light­blocking glasses may be ________．
A．tiring B．harmful
C．useless D．beneficial
C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“So if eyestrain is the issue, blue­light­blocking glasses are probably of little use.”可知，戴防蓝光眼镜可能是没有用处的。
【难句分析】　While it’s true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances, there’s no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句；第一个that引导主语从句；第二个that引导宾语从句，在从句中不作成分。
译文：尽管在某些情况下光会伤害我们的眼睛是真的，但是没有科学证据表明蓝光对我们的眼睛有害。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·贵州适应性测试)University was a new experience for me. I had grown up in the confines(范围) of a small seaside town in the south of England, and __1__ I was thrown together with __2__ of my age from all over the country. People were speaking in __3__ that I had only ever heard on TV, and sometimes using words that I had never __4__ before.
I had only been at the __5__ for about a week when I met Dave Pitman, from Liverpool in the north of England. We discovered that we both played tennis, and __6__ to meet up one afternoon for a __7__．
I went to the sports hall at the time we’d agreed, and went into the __8__ rooms. Dave was already there, and immediately I could see that he wasn’t very __9__. He was searching __10__ for something inside his bag. He __11__ me as I walked in. “I’ve forgotten my __12__，” he said. “You haven’t got any, have you？”
Unfortunately, I had no idea __13__ he was talking about. In a panic I thought: Tennis balls? Shorts? Trainers? What? But I said, “Sorry？” Dave __14__， “Have you got any spare kecks with you？”
Of course, I could easily have asked him what the __15__ meant, but I was too __16__ and didn’t want to offend(冒犯) him. Finally, Dave saw the __17__ on my face, and said, “You know—kecks. Shorts.”
Then I __18__ and luckily, I did have some spare shorts in my bag. I lent them to him. We played, and he won. Then we went to get a __19__. The woman at the canteen asked me what I wanted. “I’d like a Black Vanilla, please，” I said.(Where I come from, that’s cola and ice cream.) “What on earth is that？” said the woman. I knew __20__ how she felt.
【解题导语】　进入大学后，“我”接触到了来自全国各地的人；在刚与这些人交流的时候，由于语言表达的差异，“我”感到非常不适应。后来，“我”认识到了这种差异，并努力去适应它。
1．A.immediately　 B．suddenly
C．easily D．probably
B　解析：根据语境可知，“我”一直的生活范围是个海边小镇，当进入大学后，“我”突然发现自己被扔进一群来自全国各地的同龄人中。故选B。
2．A.children B．colleagues
C．people D．players
C　解析：根据空后的“of my age”可知，这里表示与“我”同龄的人。故选C。
3．A.accents B．reliefs
C．surprises D．summaries
A　解析：根据空后的“I had only ever heard on TV”可知，这里指人们说话的口音。故选A。
4．A.spoken B．learned
C．used D．heard
D　解析：根据空前的“using words”和语境可知，人们有时使用“我”之前并没有听过的单词。故选D。
5．A.university B．field
C．company D．library
A　解析：根据第一段中的“University was a new experience for me.”可知，“我”到大学大约一周后遇到了Dave Pitman。故选A。
6．A.were made B．arranged
C．were asked D．attempted
B　解析：根据空前的“we both played tennis”和下文中的“we’d agreed”可知，我们两个都打网球，于是我们就安排了一个下午见面，来进行一场比赛。故选B。
7．A.dinner B．party
C．game D．bet
C　解析：参见上题解析。
8．A.dining B．resting
C．waiting D．changing
D　解析：根据下文Dave找短裤可知，“我”在约定的时间到达体育馆，走进了更衣室。changing room意为“更衣室”。故选D。
9．A.cheerful B．positive
C．nervous D．shy
A　解析：根据语境可知，Dave忘记了自己的物品，因此“我”立刻就发现他不是很高兴。故选A。
10．A.unfortunately B．deliberately
C．desperately D．quickly
C　解析：根据语境可知，Dave在急切地寻找自己的物品。C项意为“拼命地”，符合语境，故选C。
11．A.looked forward to B．looked up at
C．looked around for D．looked up to
B　解析：根据空前一句“He was searching ______ for something inside his bag.”以及空后一句可知，当“我”走进更衣室的时候，Dave正在找东西；“我”进来的时候，他抬头看“我”，想问“我”借东西。A项意为“盼望”；B项意为“抬头看”；C项意为“到处寻找”；D项意为“钦佩，尊敬”。故选B。
12．A.kecks B．shorts
C．trainers D．trousers
A　解析：根据下文中的“Have you got any spare kecks with you？”可知，这里指的是“kecks”。故选A。
13．A.who B．what
C．which D．whom
B　解析：根据语境可知，“我”不知道Dave说的是什么。故选B。
14．A.noted B．added
C．predicted D．repeated
D　解析：根据语境及空前的“Sorry？”可知，“我”没有听懂他的话，于是他又重复了一遍。故选D。
15．A.sentence B．phrase
C．idiom D．word
D　解析：根据语境可知，“我”当时很容易地问他“kecks”这个词的意思。故选D。
16．A.awkward B．skeptical
C．surprised D．sorry
A　解析：根据语境可知，“我”听不懂Dave所说的话，感到很不舒服。A项意为“不舒适的，尴尬的”。故选A。
17．A.guilt B．look
C．anxiety D．scare
B　解析：根据空后的“on my face”可知，Dave觉察到了“我”的神情，于是告诉“我”这个词的意思。故选B。
18．A.remembered B．translated
C．understood D．hesitated
C　解析：根据空后的“I did have some spare shorts in my bag”可知，“我”弄懂了“kecks”这个词的意思。故选C。
19．A.lesson B．drink
C．match D．ride
B　解析：根据下文中的“cola and ice cream”可知，我们在打完网球之后，去买饮料喝。故选B。
20．A.exactly B．hardly
C．primarily D．ambiguously
A　解析：根据上文中的“What on earth is that？”可知，那位女士非常迷茫，不知道“我”说的是什么饮料；结合上文内容可知，“我”刚好有过类似的经历，能确切地知道她的感受。A项意为“准确地”；B项意为“几乎不”；C项意为“主要地”；D项意为“含混不清地”。故选A。
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2020·潍坊高考模拟)I’m delight to welcome you to our Wildlife Club. You’ll be surprised that a various of plants and creatures are living here. Here are the most visited tourist sites.
One of the pleasant place is Holland Common. This has been public land for two hundred of years, and that you’ll find interesting is that the River Ouse has its source in the Common. There’s information board about the plants and animals and the Common is accessibly 24 hours a day. Then there is Holl Island which was noted for its great range of trees. It is open only from Friday to Sunday because it’s quite small, but if there were people around every day, many of the wildlife would keep away.
Have a good time here!
答案：
I’m to welcome you to our Wildlife Club. You’ll be surprised that a of plants and creatures are living here. Here are the most visited tourist sites.
One of the pleasant is Holland Common. This has been public land for two hundred years, and you’ll find interesting is that the River Ouse has its source in the Common. There’s information board about the plants and animals and the Common is 24 hours a day. Then there is Holl Island which noted for its great range of trees. It is open only from Friday to Sunday because it’s quite small, if there were people around every day, of the wildlife would keep away.
Have a good time here!
①delight改为delighted。此处形容主语I的感受，修饰人应该用­ed形式的形容词delighted，故将delight改为delighted。
②various改为variety。a variety of＝various，意为“各种各样的”，修饰名词plants，故将various改为variety。
③place改为places。“one of the＋可数名词复数”为固定搭配，表示“……之一”，故将place改为places。
④删除of。hundred, thousand, million等前有基数词限定时，不用介词of，故删除of。
⑤that改为what。分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少find的宾语，应用what来引导，故将that改为what。
⑥在information前加an。board意为“公告板”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个信息公告板”，应用不定冠词修饰，且information的发音以元音音素开头，故在information前加an。
⑦accessibly改为accessible。此处作系动词is的表语，表示主语的状态或特征，应用形容词，故将accessibly改为accessible。
⑧was改为is。根据语境和全文时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，故将was改为is。
⑨but改为and。前面提到“因为它很小，所以它只有星期五至星期日开放”，后面提到“如果每天都有人在附近的话，很多野生生物将会离开”。前后都表示限制开放时间的原因，所以两个分句之间应为顺承关系，并非转折关系，故将but改为and。
⑩many改为much。wildlife是不可数名词，不能用many修饰，应用much修饰，故将many改为much。