2020高考英语新增分方案大一轮复习外研新课改省份专用讲义：写作第一讲词汇营造亮点4角度

要想作文得高分，首先要让作文的亮点飞。如果作文没有一点萤萤亮点，那作文只能在基础等级徘徊。如何营造些许亮点，本部分从两大方面词汇、句式、18个角度给予细化讲解。

第一讲  词汇营造亮点4角度

扮亮词汇(一)　特别的爱给特别的你——名词

名词属于实词，名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称，名词同时也分为专有名词和普通名词。名词用得好更能出众脱俗，让阅卷老师眼前一亮。

名词的种类：

[典题1]　(一般词)Now we have a chance to develop a greater understanding of each other.

(高级词)Now we have an opportunity to develop a greater understanding of each other.

现在我们有一个好机会，可以大大增进对彼此的了解。

[典题2]　(一般词)There are four basic choices; they are described briefly below.

(高级词)There are four basic alternatives; they are described briefly below.

有四个基本的选择，简述如下。

高中阶段常见的名词及名词短语类写作高级词汇

[专题过关训练]

先用所给的词补全句子，然后对该词进行升级

1．因此，我没有足够的时间去锻炼。

As_a_result,_I don't have enough time to take exercise.(result)

→As_a_consequence,_I don't have enough time to take exercise.

2．所有学校都设有音乐和舞蹈课。

All the schools have music and dancing classes as_parts_of_the_course.(course)

→All the schools have music and dancing classes as_parts_of_the_curriculum.

3．他们称他们期望这次会议会对国家的未来产生显著影响。

They say they expect the meeting to have_a_marked_effect_on_the_future of_the_country.(effect)

→They say they expect the meeting to have_a_marked_impact/influence_on_the_future_of_the_country.

4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)最重要的是，老人通常是最先品尝桌上食物的人，因为他们在中国受到很好的尊重。

Most importantly, old_people_are_usually_the_first_to_taste the food served on the table because they are well respected in China.(old people)

→Most importantly, the_old/the_elderly/the_aged/senior_citizens_are_usually_the_first_to_taste the food served on the table because they are well respected in China.

5．(2018·天津高考书面表达)因此，我认为这不仅是你展示自己才华的黄金机会，同时也可以为我们提供建议。

Therefore, I think not_only_will_it_be_a_golden_chance_for_you_to_show_your great_talent,_but_also_you_can_offer_us_advice.(chance, advice)

→Therefore, I think not_only_will_it_be_a_golden_opportunity_for_you_to_show_your great_talent,_but_also_you_can_offer_us_guidance.

6．在这类职业中，只有20%的岗位是由女性担任的。

Only_20_percent_of_jobs_in_the_careers are held by women.(career)

→Only_20_percent_of_jobs_in_the_professions are held by women.

7．激励这些年轻人的不是对成就的渴望，而是对失败的恐惧。

These_young_people_are_motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure.(young people)

→These_youngsters/youths/adolescents_are_motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure.

8．我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。

We will be exploring different_ways_to_gather_information.(way)

→We will be exploring different_approaches_to_gathering_information.

扮亮词汇(二)　炫酷亮闪你的眼——动词(短语)

动词根据其后是否能跟宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb)，缩写形式分别为vt.和vi.。

[典题1]　(一般词)He likes playing football, which is his favourite.

(高级词)He is fond of playing football, which is his favourite.

他喜欢踢足球，这是他最喜欢的运动。

[典题2]　(一般词)As for me, I believe that the number of tourists should be limited for the following reasons.

(高级词)As for me, I'm firmly convinced that the number of tourists should be limited for the following reasons.

就我而言，我坚定地认为游客的数量应得到限制，理由如下。

高中阶段常见的动词及动词短语类写作高级词汇

[专题过关训练]

Ⅰ.选用方框中的短语替换下列句中加黑部分

put up with， consist of， be devoted to， make use of， fix one's eyes upon

1．The little boy looked at the picture on the wall.fixed_his_eyes_upon

2．The small group has six people.consists_of

3．She was afraid she couldn't bear the pain.put_up_with

4．All his life was given to the Party's educational cause.was_devoted_to

5．We will use her vast experience.make_use_of

Ⅱ.请用高级词汇替换下列句中加黑部分

1．(2018·6月浙江高考写作)I will be grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.give_me_a_kind_consideration

2．(2016·北京高考书面表达)Our class thought of the idea to make better use of used materials.came_up_with

3．(2015·湖南高考书面表达)At the same time, I decided to study harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things.made_up_my_mind

4．We'll try our best to develop the traditional friendship between us.promote

5．Would you please help me to turn down the radio？do_me_a_favor

6．Developing very quickly, the Internet causes the breakdown of face­to­face communication.gives_rise_to

7．When you are bored with the people sometimes, you'd better find a quiet place, listening to some classical music.fed_up_with

8．So far as I know, everyone of them wants to be a model student.intends_to

Ⅲ.用所给动词的高级词汇补全句子

1．几天前我在你的店铺买了一部手机。

I purchased_a_cellphone_at_your_store the other day.(buy)

2．更糟的是，暴力电子游戏可能导致进攻性行为，这比暴力电影更有害。

What's worse, violent video games can_lead_to/result_in_aggressive_behaviours,_which is more harmful than violent movies.(cause)

3．所有的游客都被要求不能在公园内乱扔垃圾。

All the visitors were_requested_not_to_throw_litter_about in the park.(ask)

4．或许我们能想到解决这个问题的更好的办法。

Maybe we can_come_up_with_a_better_solution_to_the_problem.(think of)

5．我们将全力以赴赶超发达的工业国家。

We'll_spare_no_effort_to_catch_up_with the developed industrial countries.(try one's best)

6．我们应该尝试彻底解决这个问题。

We should_make_an_attempt/attempt_to_thoroughly_solve_this_problem.(try)

扮亮词汇(三)　浓妆淡抹总相宜——形容词(短语)

形容词是很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。形容词是描述人或事物的特征、性质、属性及状态的一种开放性词类。形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词。

[典题1]　(一般词)Sports are helpful to building our bodies.

(高级词)Sports are beneficial to building our bodies.

体育运动有益于增强我们的体质。

[典题2]　(一般词)He is an excellent scientist, who has made a great contribution to our country.

(高级词)He is an outstanding scientist, who has made a great contribution to our country.

他是一位杰出的科学家，对我们国家做出了巨大贡献。

高中阶段常见的形容词及形容词短语类写作高级词汇

 [专题过关训练]

Ⅰ.请用高级词汇替换下列句中加黑部分

1．(2018·天津高考书面表达)The training schedule, apart from regular training, includes joining in various activities, such as participating in some national competitions.a_variety_of

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I am very glad to know you are interested in Tang poems.more_than_delighted

3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I should be free any time after school next week.available

4．In the coming three years, our school life will be difficult.challenging

5．Developing a good habit is also very important.of_great_importance/significance

6．I was excited when I heard the good news.thrilled

7．She is energetic, clever and lively.intelligent

8．To our great glad, not only are our classes lively and attractive, but our school life is also rich and colorful.delighted,_appealing,_abundant

Ⅱ.用所给形容词的高级词汇补全句子

1．我的同桌是一个动人的、文雅的女孩。

My deskmate is a_charming/attractive_and_elegant_girl.(beautiful)

2．我的薪水不够维持一家的生活。

My salary is_not_adequate_to_support_my_family.(enough)

3．改变这种情形需要每个人付出很大的努力。

Changing this situation requires_enormous_effort on the part of everyone.(large)

4．她是一位辛勤的老师，她工作非常勤奋。

She is a_diligent_teacher and she is_diligent_in_her_work.(hard­working)

5．所获得的经验对我们有很大价值。

The experience gained will_be_of_great_value_to_us.(valuable)

6．我的手机非常有用。

My mobile phone is_of_great_benefit.(useful)

7．由于夜里休息不好，课堂上我总是感到筋疲力尽。

Not sleeping well, I always feel_exhausted in class.(tired)

8．学好英语对你未来就业至关重要。

Learning English well is_significant/vital_to_your_future_employment.(important)

扮亮词汇(四)　不想太低调，副词及其他词放大招

大众化的词汇、平庸的表达已使长时间工作的阅卷老师产生了视觉疲劳。写作时恰当得体地使用高中学过的、别人可能想不到的高级词汇，会给阅卷老师耳目一新的感觉，从而可以提高文章的得分档次。

[典题1]　(一般词)If there is anything I can do for you, I would be very glad to help.

(高级词)If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.

如果有什么我能为你做的，我将非常乐意帮忙。

[典题2]　(一般词)He comes to our room for a chat sometimes.

(高级词)He comes to our room for a chat once in a while/occasionally.

他偶尔来我们房中闲谈。

高中阶段常见的副词及其他写作高级词汇

[专题过关训练]

Ⅰ.请用高级词汇替换下列句子中的加黑部分

1．(2018·浙江高考写作)And I treasure this as a good chance to broaden my perspective and improve my spoken English.as_well_as

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)In fact, I am very fond of Tang poems.Actually

3．A few days ago, I went out and I almost had an accident.The_other_day

4．You must have noticed how tired he sometimes looks.occasionally/once_in_a_while

5．The most of the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.majority

6．As high school students, we should be neatly dressed at school.are_supposed_to

Ⅱ.用所给词的高级词汇补全句子

1．我们的人口在增长，因此我们需要更多的食物。

We have a growing population and therefore_we_need_more_food.(so)

2．抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。

Seize the chance, otherwise/or_else_you'll_regret_it.(or)

3．这次比赛不仅职业运动员可以参加，而且业余运动员也可以参加。

The tournament is open to amateurs_as_well_as_professionals.(and)

4．第三，你们说如果我提前付费的话就可以给我打折。

Thirdly, you say that there is a discount suppose/supposing_(that)_I_pay_in_advance.(if)

5．我喜欢踢足球，也喜欢游泳。

I like playing football and I_enjoy_swimming_as_well.(too)

Ⅲ.请用高级词汇升格下面的考生作文

假定你是中学生李华，家住泉州。你的英国笔友Jason来信谈到了他的家乡伦敦，并希望了解你的家乡泉州的情况。请你用英文给他写一封回信。内容包括：

1．自然情况：地理位置优越、气候风景宜人等；

2．发展成就：经济发展迅速、城市高楼林立等；

3．存在问题：交通拥堵现象、空气污染问题等；

4．对泉州发展的看法：内容由考生自己拟定。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：高层建筑 high­rise building

[考生作文]

Dear Jason，

I'm ①very happy to hear from you and know about your beautiful home city London.Now I'd like to tell you something about my hometown Quanzhou.

Quanzhou is a beautiful place for people to live in.Its economy has been developing ②fast during the past ten years.New bridges and roads have been ③built, with high­rise buildings standing in many parts of the city.④More and more schools and hospitals are ⑤useful for the native people.It is developing into a modern and ⑥beautiful city.⑦But there are still some problems, such as heavy traffic in rush hours and ⑧serious air pollution, which have a bad ⑨effect on people's daily life.⑩I think Quanzhou should develop healthily and scientifically, so that we could have a better hometown in the future.

Yours，

Li Hua

[升格作文]

Dear Jason，

I'm ①more_than happy to hear from you and know about your beautiful home city London.Now I'd like to tell you something about my hometown Quanzhou.

Quanzhou is a beautiful place for people to live in.Its economy has been developing ②rapidly during the past ten years.New bridges and roads have been ③set_up,_with high­rise buildings standing in many parts of the city.④An_increasing_number_of schools and hospitals are ⑤available for the native people.It is developing into a modern and ⑥attractive/charming city.⑦However,_there are still some problems, such as heavy traffic in rush hours and ⑧severe air pollution, which have a bad ⑨influence/impact on people's daily life.⑩In_my_opinion/As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_Quanzhou should develop healthily and scientifically, so that we could have a better hometown in the future.

Yours，

Li Hua