2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习重大版讲义：必修4Unit2StoriesontheWheel

Unit 2　Stories on the Wheel



一、单词——

写 得 准
用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.stand vt.　　忍受
2.exclaim vi. 呼喊，惊叫，大声叫
3.approach n. 接近；方法；途径
　　　vi./vt. 接近，靠近
4.scream vi. 尖叫
5.recommend vt. 推荐；介绍
6.moreover adv. 而且；此外
7.civil adj. 公民的；民间的；文职的
8.board vt.上(船、车或飞机)→aboard prep.在……上 adv.在飞机上；在船上；在火车上
9.nervously adv.焦急地；提心吊胆地→nervous adj.焦急的；紧张的
10.tighten vt.绷紧，拉紧，勒紧→tight_adj.紧的；绷紧的
11.disappointment n．失望；沮丧；令人失望的人或事物→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointed adj.失望的→disappointing adj.令人失望的；扫兴的
12.permit vi./vt.允许，许可n.许可证→permission n．准许，许可，批准
13.applicant n．申请人→apply vi./vt.申请；涂，敷；应用，适用→application n．应用，运用；申请；涂抹，外敷
14.insure vt.给……保险；确保，保证→insurance n．保险；保险费
15.convenient adj.方便的；合宜的→convenience n．方便，便利；舒适→conveniently adv.便利地；方便地
16.adjust vi./vt.校准；调整→adjustment n．调整→adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的
1.Tom was very nervous (nerve) when he stood on the platform for the first time.
2.We recommend that you take out travel insurance(insure) on all holidays.
3.The desks and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students.The adjustment is not difficult to make.(adjust)
4.The fans were all disappointed at the disappointing news that their team was defeated.They expressed their disappointment in it.(disappoint)
5.Sara’s father would not permit her to drive alone even though she had got her driving permit.Without her father’s permission,_she had to go out by bus or on a bike.(permit)
6.You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient;_that is, at his convenience.His house is conveniently near the bus stop.(convenient)
7.The knot is tight enough; you can’t tighten it any longer.(tight)
⇩
1.“大喊、大叫”秀姿态
①scream　尖叫
②shout 大喊
③yell 大喊，大叫
④cry out 大声呼喊
⑤call out 大声叫唤
2.­ant结尾名词大集合
①applicant申请人
②accountant 会计
③assistant 助手
④immigrant 移民，侨民
⑤merchant 商人
⑥peasant 农民
3.归纳“递进关系”词语
①moreover　此外；而且
②besides 此外；而且；还有
③furthermore 此外；而且
④what’s more 而且，另外
4.结识“形似意远”四兄弟
①board n．　板；牌子；木板
vt. 上(船、车或飞机)
②aboard adv. 在船(或飞机、车)上；上船(或飞机、车)
③broad adj. 宽阔的，辽阔的
④abroad adv. 到国外，在国外

二、短语——

写 得 准
用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)
1.pull_into　　进站
2.retreat_into 退入
3.in_jail 在狱中服刑
4.fortify_oneself_against_sth./sb. 加强；增强
5.get_off 入睡；出发
6.put_the_blame_on 归咎于……
7.as_a_result 结果；因此
8.on_condition_that 如果；在……条件下
9.in_advance 预先；事先
10.day_and_night 日日夜夜
11.from_time_to_time 有时；不时
12.in_a_low_voice 低声地；小声地
13.dig_out 挖成；挖出
14.by_means_of 用，依靠
15.in_search_of 寻找；搜寻
1.If you are sleepy and want to get_off,_ say so, and you’ll go.
2.He has been ill for a long time; as_a_result,_his heart is slightly damaged.
3. If you would like to come, please tell me in_advance,_and we’ll wait for you at the school gate.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
4.You may use this computer, on_condition_that you are able to use it properly so as not to damage it.
5.You can improve your study by_means_of hard work.


⇩
1.速记“v.＋into”短语
①pull into 进站
②break into闯入，破门而入
③change/turn into 变成
④run into 偶然碰到
⑤look into 调查；查看
⑥burst into 闯入，进入
2.as短语大放送
①as a result 结果，因此
②as a rule 通常
③as a whole 作为一个整体
④as a matter of fact 事实上
⑤as a result of 由于
3.晒晒day短语
①day and night日日夜夜
②some day (将来)总有一天
③to this day 至今
④the other day 不久前的一天
⑤day after day 日复一日

三、句式——

背 原 句
明 句 式
学 仿 写
1.The girl insisted that he join them.
那个女孩坚持要他加入他们。
insist that ...(should) do sth.“坚持主张/坚决要求做某事”。当insist that ...表示“坚持说”时，用陈述语气。
于芳坚持说她累了，愿意留下来过夜，但我坚持要她马上走。
Yu Fang insisted that she was_tired and was willing to stay the night but I insisted that she_(should)_go_at_once.
2.Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face, as if fortifying himself against still another disappointment.
文戈不再看什么，只是绷紧了脸，好像在强迫自己面对另一次失望的到来。
as if省略句，as if意为“好像”，在句中作状语。
坐在我对面的那个男士微笑着，像是在回忆一些愉快的往事。
The man sitting opposite me smiled, as_if_remembering something pleasant in the past.
3....I could, with such a ticket, go to the east coast and stop at many places on the way so long as the trip was not longer than a month.
……只要旅行不超过一个月，凭那一张票，我能去东部海岸，并且能在途中许多地方停靠。
as/so long as为从属连词，意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
只要我们不失去信心，继续努力，就一定能克服困难，实现目标。
As/So_long_as_we_don’t_lose_heart and keep on trying, we are sure to get over difficulties, and achieve our aims.




第一板块核心单词归纳集释
1．stand vt.忍受，经受
[经典例句]　Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today.It has really stood the test of time.
莎士比亚的作品今天依旧受欢迎，它真的已经经受了时间的检验。
(can’t) stand/tolerate/bear/put up with (sb.) doing sth.(不能)忍受/容忍(某人)做某事
stand up 站起来
stand up for 支持；拥护
①I can’t stand you speaking (speak) to your mother in such a rude manner.
我不容许你用这种无礼的方式跟你母亲说话。
②As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to stand_up_for the legal rights of our own in the election.
作为我们国家的公民，在选举中维护我们自己的法定权利是我们的责任和义务。
2．approach n．接近；靠近；途径；方法；通道vt./vi.接近；靠近；接洽；要求
[经典例句]　She hadn’t heard his approach and jumped as the door opened.
她没有听见他走近的声音，所以门开时吓了一跳。
(1)at the approach of　　　　　　 在快到……的时候
make approaches to sb. 设法接近某人
approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法
(2)approach sb.for/about sth. 向某人要求某事
approach sb.about (doing) sth. 与某人商量(做)某事
be approaching 快到了
①With the Qixi festival approaching (approach), many shops are selling Valentine’s Day items to satisfy the needs of young lovers.
随着七夕节的临近，许多商店出售情人节物品以满足年轻情侣的需求。
②At_the_approach_of the rain and the wind, the swallows are busy.
在风雨来临之际，燕子们很是繁忙。
③We have_made_approaches_to them in the hope of establishing a business relationship.
我们已设法接近他们，希望建立业务关系。
[熟词生义]　读句子猜含义
④Before trying to solve the puzzle, let us consider the best way to approach it.着手处理
[联想发散]　(1)表示“做……的方法”的表达还有：
the way to do/of (doing) sth.; the means of (doing) sth.; the method of (doing) sth.。
(2)表示“……来临”的表达有：be approaching, be drawing near, be around the corner。
3．convenient adj.方便的；合宜的
[高考佳句]　Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be emailing each other, for we will have developed more convenient electronic communication tools by then.(2018·江苏高考单选)
在2025年我们有希望不用再互相发电子邮件了，因为到那时我们将已经研制出更方便的电子交流工具了。
(1)It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 某人做某事方便
be convenient for/to sb. 对某人来说方便
(2)convenience n. 方便；便利的事物
for convenience 为了方便
at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
①If it’s_convenient_for/to you, let’s meet at 8：30 outside the school gate.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
如果你方便的话，让我们八点半在学校门口见面。
②We bought this house for_convenience；it’s near the school.
我们买这所房子是为了方便，它离学校很近。
③I would be very grateful if you could inform me of your decisions at your earliest convenience.
如能尽早告知你的决定，我将不胜感激。
[名师指津]　convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。
[语境串记]　It’s a great convenience to live here.At my convenience, I can visit some of my favorite museums.Shopping is convenient to/for my wife.It is convenient for my son to go to school, for his school is only two blocks away.If Sunday is convenient to/for you, be sure to come to get together.
住在这里真方便。我可以抽空去参观我所钟爱的几家博物馆。我妻子购物很方便。我儿子上学也很方便，因为距学校只有两个街区的距离。要是你周日有空，一定要来聚一聚。
4．adjust vi./vt.校准；调整；使适合
[高考佳句]　Actually, only by getting moving and constantly adjusting the plan can we achieve our final goal.(2016·6月浙江高考书面表达)
实际上，只有通过行动和不断调整计划我们才可以实现我们的最终目标。
(1)adjust ...to ....　　　 调整……以适应……
adjust to (doing) sth. 适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to 使自己适应于……
(2)adjustment n. 调整，调节，适应
make an adjustment 做出调整
①However, I think that you will quickly adjust_to them although the weather and the food are different from yours.(2018·北京高考书面表达)
然而，虽然天气、食物与你们的有所不同，我相信你会很快适应的。
②Some schools will have to make adjustments (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015·江苏高考单选)
一些学校将必须做出调整以便和国家足球改革保持一致。

Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)
1．“The moment is coming soon，” he thought to himself, waiting nervously (nervous)．
2．WeChat is convenient to use nowadays, but I stick to text messaging for its great convenience.(convenient)
3．The woman couldn’t stand having (have) nothing to do all day long.
4．According to the school rules, students are not permitted to_eat (eat) foods in the classroom.
5．The doctor strongly recommended limiting (limit) the amount of fat in my diet.
6．To her great disappointment (disappoint), she failed again in the driving test.
7．He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited (limit) education in his childhood.
8．Clearly, if you are spending more than your income, you’ll need to tighten (tight) your belt.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．approach点点记
(1)介词填空
①The approach of the job interview is making Linda nervous.
②We need to try other approaches to solving the problem.
③I have approached the manager about/for taking a day off next week.
(2)一句多译
随着高考的来临，有些学生感到越来越焦虑。
④With the College Entrance Examination approaching,_some students are getting more and more anxious.
⑤With the College Entrance Examination around_the_corner,_some students are getting more and more anxious.
⑥With the College Entrance Examination drawing_near,_some students are getting more and more anxious.
⑦As the College Entrance Examination is_approaching,_some students are getting more and more anxious.
2．adjust万花筒
(1)单句语法填空
①My parents had trouble adjusting to living (live) in an apartment.
②He will have to make major adjustments to his thinking if he is to survive in office.
③Mr.Brown has some difficulty (in) adjusting to the new climate.
④These desks and chairs are adjustable (adjust) according to the height of any child.
(2)补全句子
在高中时迈克的妈妈为他做了几乎所有的事情，这让他难以适应大学第一年的生活。
⑤Mike’s mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school, which_made_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_to the first­year college life.(定语从句)
⑥Mike’s mother did almost everything for him when he was in high school, making_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_to the first­year college life.(现在分词作结果状语)
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
根据语境选出stand的词性和词义
(A)vi.站起来　　　(B)vi.矗立　　　(C)vt.忍受；承担
(D)n.货摊 (E)n.看台
1．Mumbet’s tombstone (墓碑) still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried.__B__
2．The girl twisted her ankle, and couldn’t stand up.__A__
3．I can’t stand your bad manners any longer.__C__
4．At the gate of the park, an old man set up a stand selling cooked sausages.__D__
5．To watch the football game, many fans were squeezed up in one corner of the stand of the stadium.__E__

第二板块短语句型归纳集释
1．get off入睡；出发；下(车)
[教材原句]　I told her that if she didn’t have a new guy and if she’d take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and I’d get off and come home.
我告诉她，如果她没有找到新的伴侣，如果她愿意让我回去，她应该在树上系一条黄手帕，我就下车回家。
get across　　　　　 讲清楚；讲明白
get over 克服
get through 使接通(电话)；完成；经历
get hold of 抓住，得到
get down to 开始认真做
①Emails are efficient and convenient, but the best way to get_across_a message is still to talk it out in person.
电子邮件虽然高效便利，但是传递信息的最好的办法还是亲自把它说出来。
②As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can get_hold_of concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.
作为一名草根歌手，她阅读一切能够得到的关于音乐的东西，并且抓住每个机会提升自己。
③After Christmas I’m going to get_down_to hunting for a job seriously.
圣诞节后，我打算开始认真地找工作。
2．in advance预先；事先
[高考佳句]　To catch the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.(2015·北京高考单选)
为了赶上早班飞机，我们提前订了出租车并且起得很早。
ahead of time/schedule　　 提前
in advance of 在……前面，超过
make advances 取得进步
①When told my rules in advance of the class, some of students were not happy.
当学生们上课前被告知我的规定时，他们中有些人不高兴。
②You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead_of_time/schedule.
你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。
3．As I was living in a city on the west coast, I could, with such a ticket, go to the east coast and stop at many places on the way so_long_as the trip was not longer than a month.
因为我住在西部海岸的一个城市，只要旅行不超过一个月，凭那一张票，我能去东部海岸，并且能在途中许多地方停靠。
(1)so/as long as为从属连词，意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
①You won’t find paper cutting difficult so/as_long_as you keep practicing it.(2015·北京高考单选)
只要你不断练习，你就不会觉得剪纸很难。
(2)as long as还可以作为形容词比较结构，意为“和……一样长”。
②Put them together and you’ll find this ruler is as_long_as that one.
把它们放在一起，你会发现这把尺子和那把一样长。
[名师指津]　as long as 和so long as表示“只要”时没有区别，可以替换。as long as表示“与……一样长”时，多用于肯定句；否定句多用so long as。
as well as　　　　　 与……一样好； 也；和
as good as 与……一样好；几乎
as far as 远到……；就……而言；至于
③The father as well as his three children goes (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
在冬天的每个周日下午，这位父亲和他的三个孩子都去结冰的河面上滑冰。


Ⅰ.基础点全练
1．单句语法填空
①As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has covered the land.
②This meeting room is a non­smoking area.I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.(2015·湖北高考多选)
③Don’t say it’s my fault.Don’t put the blame on me.
④The qualified voters elect their president by means of voting in the public election.
⑤To my anger, some students didn’t listen carefully, talking in a low voice.
⑥You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.
⑦He opened his mouth as if to_say (say) something.
⑧Liu Lei insisted that he merely did (do) what everybody would have done.
2．运用所学短语完成片段
Dennis always pretends to have good manners, but in class, he always talks to his partner ①in_a_low_voice (低声地)．He ②gets_off (入睡) early and gets up late.He has a negative attitude towards his study, and ③as_a_result (因此), his parents quarrel with each other ④from_time_to_time(不时地) because of him.They ⑤put_the_blame_on (归咎于……) each other.Contrary to him, his sister Mary always focuses her attention on her study.To finish her homework ⑥in_advance (提前), she always works hard ⑦day_and_night (日日夜夜)．Her parents really wish Dennis could learn from Mary.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．get相关短语多棱镜
介、副词填空
①I’m going to get down to studying English this term.
②It can take weeks to get over an illness like that.
③He said that we should get through the hard times together.
④Your paper wouldn’t get across if you used too many technical terms in it.
2．as ...as 相关短语万花筒
选词填空：as long as/as well as/as far as/as good as
①We can know more about the life of great people as_well_as history and cultures of other countries.
②As_far_as I am concerned, I am strongly against the plan.
③A distant relative is not as_good_as a near neighbour.
④You can go out to play as_long_as you stay in the backyard.


[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Adjusting (adjust) to living alone after the divorce was more difficult than he had expected.
2．The poor man behaved as if having_known (know) everything.
3．When it fits your convenience,_please go with me to see the house that has all modern conveniences.It is very convenient for our child to go to school.(convenient)
4．To tell you the truth, I cannot stand being_laughed (laugh) at.
5．The job market has changed and our approaches to finding(find) work must change as well.
6．Sometimes it’s hard for us to express our feelings by means of words.
7．It was not until I completed the form that I realized that half the questions were not relevant to me.
8．Eye doctors recommended that a child’s first eye exam (should)_be (be) at the age of six months.
9．With the help of the advanced (advance) technology, we can complete the task in advance.
10．She put the blame for the failure of their marriage on her husband.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Tom really can’t stand his son behave like that.behave→behaving
2．Some people may feel nervously before the plane takes off. nervously→nervous
3．She found it hard to adjust to work at night.work→working
4．I will appreciate it if you can e­mail the answers to me when it is convenient with you.with→to/for
5．So we can do this directly as long as we will have certain types of information.去掉will
6．Anyway, we’re here now, so let’s get down to do some work seriously.do→doing
Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
Good morning, everyone! Many students came to me in_search_of (寻找) some advice on how to learn in senior high school.Now, I’d like to share with you my learning methods.
①To begin with, I advise all of you to learn to study, because it is necessary for you to develop an effective method in_advance (提前)．Besides, developing a good attitude of learning can help you improve your learning efficiency.As_a_result (因此), you should be positive and learn to tolerate others by_means_of (用，依靠) getting along with others, which can make sure that you have a harmonious learning environment.Last but not least, you should take part in all kinds of sports frequently, for your physical health is equal to your mental health.②In a word, you will reap a harvest if you insist on doing so.
Thank you!
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分
(1)Besides → Moreover
(2)tolerate → stand
(3)make sure → insure
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用recommend的宾语从句改写句①
To_begin_with,_I_recommend_that_all_of_you_(should)_learn_to_study,_because_it_is_necessary_for_you_to_develop_an_effective_method_in_advance.
(2)用so long as 改写句②
In_a_word,_so_long_as_you_insist_on_doing_so,_you_will_reap_a_harvest.