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2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习外研全国版讲义：选修7Module3Literature
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(一)课前自主学习
Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．appetite n． 胃口；食欲
2．mourn v. 悼念，哀悼，为……哀痛
3．naughty adj. 淘气的；调皮的
4．orphan n. 孤儿
5．wedding n．[纵联1] 婚礼
6．cast n. 演员阵容，全体演员
7．chapter n. 章节
8．sparrow n. 麻雀
9．nutrition n. 营养(作用)；滋养
10．welfare n. 幸福，福祉；健康
11．compass n. 指南针，罗盘
12．corporation n. 公司，企业
13．navy n. 海军
14．paperwork n. 资料，文件
15．fountain n. 喷泉；喷水池
16．bunch n. 一束，一串
17．mistress n．[纵联2] 女主人
18．ambassador n. 大使
19．lantern n. 灯笼，提灯
20．pedestrian n. 行人
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．support n. 支撑物
2．seize v．[纵联3] 抓住
3．hang v. 绞死；吊死
4．drag v. 拖；拉；硬拽
5．whisper v．[纵联4] 低声地说；耳语
6．repay v. 报答；回报
7．smog n. 烟雾
8．swallow v. 吞下；咽下(食物或饮料)
9．choke v. (使)窒息，(使)噎住，(使)呼吸困难
10．attain v．[纵联5] 获得，达到
11．escape_v. 逃跑
12．feed v. 喂养；为……提供食品
13．reward n． [纵联6] 酬谢；奖赏；赏金
14．scream_v. 尖叫；高声喊叫
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说adj.新奇的
2．scene n．场景；场面→scenery n．风景，景色(总称)
3．cruel adj.冷酷的→cruelty n．残酷；冷酷
4．eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerness_n．热切；渴望
5．serve v．端上(饭菜等)→service n．服务；服侍
6．desperate adj.绝望的→desperation n．绝望→desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地
7．healthy adj.健康的→health_n．健康→unhealthy adj.不健康的
8．intend v．打算→intention_n．打算；目的；意图→intentional_adj.故意的
9．illegally adv.违法地；非法地→illegal adj.违法的；非法的→(反义词)legal adj.合法的→legally adv.合法地
10．distribute v．分发，分配，分送→distribution n．分配，分布
11．starvation n．挨饿，饿死→starve v．(使)挨饿，(使)饿死
12．concern n．关心，担心v.影响到；涉及→concerned adj.关心的，担心的；有关的→concerning prep.关于
13．accumulate v．积累→accumulation n．积累，积聚 [纵联7]
14．accomplish v．完成(任务等)，取得(成功)→accomplishment n．成就；完成
纵联1.“结婚”有好词
①wedding n．婚礼 ②marry v．结婚
③marriage n．婚姻 ④bride n．新娘
⑤bridegroom n．新郎 ⑥diamond ring钻戒
⑦gold necklace金项链 ⑧banquet n．宴席
纵联2.“女性”词缀“ess”半边天
①mistress n．女主人 ②hostess n．女主人
③actress n．女演员 ④waitress n．女服务员
⑤stewardess n．女管家；空姐 ⑥princess n．公主
纵联3.一起来“抓”
①seize v．抓住 ②catch v．抓住，捉住
③grasp v．抓住，控制 ④grab v．攫取，霸占
⑤capture v．俘获，夺得 ⑥arrest v．逮捕；拘留
纵联4.七嘴八舌有话“说”
①whisper v．低声地说 ②say v．说，讲；告诉
③tell vt.告诉；讲述 ④talk vi.交谈，讲话
⑤speak vt.说；讲 ⑥address vt.演说；向……讲话
⑦communicate v．沟通；交流 ⑧retell vt.复述，重讲
纵联5.词根“tain”荟萃
①attain v．得到；获得 ②obtain v．获得；赢得
③contain v．包含；容纳 ④maintain v．维持；继续
⑤sustain v．维持；继续 ⑥retain v．保持；持有
纵联6.开心记词“奖”多多
①reward n．奖赏；奖品 ②award n．奖品；奖励
③prize n．奖品；奖赏 ④bonus n．奖金；红利
⑤scholarship n．奖学金
纵联7.动词后缀“ate”多积累
①accumulate积累 ②accelerate(使)加快
③advocate提倡，主张 ④allocate分配
⑤appreciate欣赏；感激 ⑥concentrate集中
单元话题——文学与艺术
子话题1 文学体裁
①fiction n．小说 ②myth n．神话
③fable n．寓言 ④legend n．传说
⑤autobiography n．自传 ⑥episode n．逸事
⑦essay n．随笔 ⑧criticism n．评论
⑨prose n．散文 ⑩poetry n．诗(总称)
⑪fairy tale 童话 ⑫lyric n．抒情诗
子话题2 影视戏曲
①studio n．录音棚；工作室 ②theatre n．剧院；戏剧
③drama n．戏剧 ④comedy n．喜剧
⑤tragedy n．悲剧 ⑥copyright n．版权
⑦criticism n．批判主义 ⑧Peking opera京剧
子话题3 文学人物
①playwright n．剧作家 ②critic n．批评家
③director n．导演 ④crew n．剧组
⑤character n．人物；角色 ⑥cast n．全体演员
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)It's an amazing accomplishment❶ and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations❷， and other social organizations.
①accomplishment在本单元中的同根动词是：accomplish，其同义词为：achievement
②写出corporation在句中的含义：公司。该词的形近词：cooperation意为：合作；协作
2．(2015·江苏高考任务型阅读)News of immediate reward ❶ will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene❷ without actual involvement.
①选择reward在句中的含义：__C__
A．红利 B．奖学金 C．报酬
②写出scene在句中的含义：场景
高考采撷(二) 写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2018·北京高考书面表达)这所大学以其专门为国际学生设立的语言和文化课程而闻名。我相信你在那儿的体验会有益的。(intend, reward)
The_university_is_known_for_its_language_and_culture_courses_intended_for_international_students.I_believe_you_will_have_a_rewarding_experience_there.
2．(2014·重庆高考写作)然而，在我看来，我们沉迷于玩智能手机是不明智的，因为我们可能会忽略生活中其他重要的事情，如友谊和体育锻炼。(concern)
However,_as_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it_is_not_wise_for_us_to_be_addicted_to_playing_with_smartphones_because_we_may_ignore_other_important_things_in_life,_such_as_friendship_and_taking_physical_exercise.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．serve vt.端上(饭菜等)；供应；为服务；vi.服役，供职
[辨清] 写出下列句中serve的含义
①Your order will be served right away.端上
②Every young man in China is responsible to serve in the army.服役
③This restaurant serves plain food, but it is delicious.供应
④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA)．供职
[记牢]
(1)serve as 充当；担任
serve sb.(with) sth.＝ serve sth.to sb. 拿/用某物招待/款待某人
(2)service n. 服务；接待；效劳
at your service 愿意为您效劳
server n. 服务器；服务人员
[练通]
单句语法填空
⑤If you need my help, let me know. I'm always at your service (serve)．
⑥If a computer network's main server (serve)breaks down, the entire system would become useless.
句型转换
⑦The students served some apples to the invited experts.
→The students served the invited experts with some apples.
[用准] serve表示“服务于某人，为……服务”时为及物动词，其后直接加宾语，构成短语serve sb.。
[写美] 补全句子
⑧(2015·湖北高考写作)从这次经历中我学到了质疑是帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。
From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve_as_a_bridge_that_helps
_us_to_seek_the_truth.
2．eager adj.热切的，渴望的
[记牢]
(1)be eager to do sth. 渴望/热心做某事
be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物
be eager that ... 渴望……
(2)eagerness n. 热心，渴望
eagerly adv. 急切地；渴望地；热心地
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Each week I eagerly (eager) counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there.
②I wasn't able to hide my eagerness (eager) when I asked，“What do you wish me to do now？”
单句改错
③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.eager后加to
补全句子
④Believe it or not, he or she is on your side and is_eager_to_see_you_do_well.
信不信由你，他或她是支持你的，并且渴望看到你干得好。
[写美] 翻译句子
⑤(2015·重庆高考写作)我急切地盼望得到关于你们活动的更多的信息。
I'm_eager_for_more_information_about_your_activity.
[联想] 表示“渴望/盼望做某事”表达还有：be anxious to do sth.; be desperate to do sth.; long to do sth.; desire to do sth.; look forward to doing sth.; be keen to do sth.; be thirsty to do sth.等。
3．hang v．绞死；吊死；悬挂
[记牢]
hang up 挂断(电话)
hang out/around/about 闲荡；逗留
hang on (打电话时)别挂断；坚持
hang on to 抓紧；保留，不放弃
[练通] 用适当的介、副词填空
①It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
②Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up before I could answer the phone.
③In the afternoon, she is going to hang out/around/about with her friends and buy some CDs.
[用准]
hang
意义
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
绞死，吊死
hanged
hanged
hanging
悬挂，垂下
hung
hung
hanging
[写美] 补全句子
④正如我上一次告诉你的，我在这里交了三个好朋友。午饭时间和放学后我们一起去闲逛。
As I told you last time, I made three new friends here. We_hang_out_together_during
_lunch_and_after_school.
4．reward n．酬谢；奖赏；赏金 v．酬谢；奖赏
[记牢]
(1)be rewarded for 因……而得到回报
be rewarded with 得到……回报/奖赏
(2)offer/give sb. a reward for ... 因某事给某人报酬/回报
in reward＝as a reward 作为报答
(3)rewarding adj. 值得的；有益的；有意义的
[练通] 单句语法填空
①In Roland Fryer's research, some students did better than the others because they were rewarded for reading some books.
②(2016·北京高考)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.
③When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding (reward)．
④The police are offering reward of $50,000 for information leading to the arrest of the murderer.
⑤I don't expect anything in reward and I did it because I enjoyed it.
[用准] reward 指纯粹的“报酬，回报”这一概念时，是不可数名词；指具体的“奖赏，奖金”时是可数名词。
[写美] 补全句子
⑥(2015·四川高考书面表达)在帖子中，你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这正是我想要的。
In your post, you mentioned that you_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_which is just what I want.
5．intend v．打算，想要，计划
[记牢]
(1)intend doing/to do sth. 打算/想要做某事
be intended to do sth. 目的是做……
be intended for 为……打算(或设计)的
(2)intention n. 意图，目的，打算
[练通]
单句语法填空
①The chair was intended for you, but she took it away.
②My early intention (intend) of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature.
补全句子
③I intended_to_catch_the early train, but I didn't get up in time.
我本想赶早一点的火车，可是我起晚了。
[写美] 补全句子
④(2015·北京高考书面表达)我打算参加龙舟训练营。我想知道你是否想和我一起参加。
I intend_to_join_a Dragon Boat Training Camp. I wonder if you'd like to go with me.
[联想] 表示“打算做某事”的表达还有：be going to do sth.; be about to do sth.; plan to do sth.; mean to do sth.; aim to do sth.等。
[词汇过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Seized (抓住) by the policeman, the thief was afraid of being punished.
2．The judge declared that the criminal would be hanged (绞死) at once.
3．The police dragged_(拖；拉) the escaped prisoner out of the cave.
4．My mother's hands are so rough (粗糙的) that she does so much for the family.
5．Don't worry. The hard work that you do now will be repaid(回报) later in life.
6．Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed (吞下)．
7．India attained(获得) independence in 1947, after a long struggle.
8．Yesterday morning, our school gave us a practice of escaping (逃跑) from an earthquake.
9．If you arrive at noon, you will see the feeding(喂养) of animals.
10．Sooner or later you will be rewarded(奖赏) for your positive attitude towards your work.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We must devote our time to study so that we may be of service (serve) to our country.
2．Only when I grow up do I realize that the blame was intended to_prevent(prevent) me from making the same mistake again.
3．When I am in trouble, she gives me a hand without any rewards (reward)．
4．After the performance, I'm eager to_show(show) you around some places.
5．If you want to have a healthy (health) body, please do more sports and eat a balanced diet.
6．The man was caught by the police because he entered the country illegally (illegal)．
7．Many people suffered from the effects of poor nutrition and even starvation (starve) because of a lack of food.
8．He was away from home for two years and we are concerned_(concern) about his safety.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．这门课程是为那些希望提高他们的组织技能的学生开设的。(intend)
The course is_intended_for_students_who wish to improve their organizational skills.
2．据报道，为了追回被盗的石雕，将悬赏一笔2万美元的奖金。(reward)
It is reported that a_reward_of_$20,000_will_be_offered_for the return of the stolen sculpture.
3．队长渴望所有工人都按时上班。(eager)
The group leader is_eager_that_all the workers should come in time.
4．抱歉，这个星期天我无法和你一起闲逛。(hang)
I'm sorry, and I can't_hang_out_with_you this Sunday.
5．他决定要到偏远地区当两年老师。(serve)
He is determined to_serve_as_a_teacher_in the remote area for two years.
(一)课前自主学习
1．in_a_...voice 用……声音(说)，……声地
2．a_huge/large_amount_of 大量的
3．bring_sth._to_the_attention_of_sb.
使某人关注某事
4．be_cruel_to 对……残忍
5．pick_out [串记1] 挑选出，辨认出
6．let_go_of 放开，放弃
7．escape_from [串记2] 从……逃离
8．in_astonishment [串记3] 惊讶地，吃惊地
9．suffer_from 遭受
10．put_up 张贴(通知，海报)，搭建，建造
11．no_sooner_...than 刚一……就
[同根短语串记]
串记1.“动词＋out”短语荟萃
①pick out挑选出；辨认出 ②give out分发；用尽；疲惫
③find out查明；弄清楚 ④break out突发；爆发
⑤burst out突发；爆发 ⑥bring out出版；生产
⑦work out解决；锻炼 ⑧hand out分发；拿出
⑨figure out算出；理解 ⑩try out试用；试验
串记2.“v.＋from”短语万花筒
①escape from从……逃离 ②suffer from遭受
③benefit from从……中获益 ④date from始于……
⑤result from起因于 ⑥infer from从……推断
串记3.“in＋抽象名词”短语集锦
①in astonishment惊讶地 ②in secret秘密地
③in silence默默地 ④in peace和平地
⑤in surprise惊讶地 ⑥in trouble在危险等的处境中
1．at meal times 在吃饭时
2．need washing 需要洗
3．stare at 凝视，盯着看
4．be desperate with 因……而绝望
5．whisper to each other 窃窃私语
6．rise from the table 从桌旁站起来
7．hit him on the head 敲他的头
8．make a lot of money 赚了很多钱
9．in great excitement 十分激动地
10．over the next 25 years 在接下来的25年里
1．When they had cleaned their bowls in this way, they would sit staring at the pot with eager eyes, as if they wanted to eat it.
当他们以这种方式清洁好他们的碗后，他们便会坐着，用渴望的眼神盯着那口锅，好像要把它吃掉一样。
2．Not_until_at_least_thirty_seconds_had_passed,_was the man able to speak.
至少过了三十秒钟，这个人才说出话来。
3．No_sooner_had_the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.
孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。
4．Only_then_did_Oliver understand his situation.
只有在那时奥利弗才明白自己的处境。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 完形中的短语(补全句子)
1．(2017·江苏高考完形填空)However, one day, in the music class that was part of his school's standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it easy to pick_out (辨认出；分辨出) tunes.
2．(2011·重庆高考完形填空)“John! Help” he shouted in_a_trembling_voice (用颤抖的声音), with the tiller still in his hands.
高考采撷(二) 写作中的句式
1．(2013·湖北高考写作)I didn't realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways until then. (用not until位于句首引起的部分倒装句升级)
→Not_until_then_did_I_realize_words_could_be_powerful_in_both_positive_and_negative_ways.
2．(2015·湖南高考写作)Before the whole class, he said, “If you put your heart into your lessons, you can make great progress.”(用倒装句和间接引语升级)
→He_said_before_the_whole_class_that_only_if_we_put_our_heart_into_our_lessons_could_we_make_great_progress.
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
a huge/large amount of大量的
[记牢]
(1)“a huge/large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数
(2)“huge/large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数
[练通] 单句语法填空
①A good amount of sleep every night is (be) important for your health.
②Large amounts of water are_needed_(need) for cooling purpose.
[写美] 翻译句子
③(2018·江苏高考书面表达)例如，有大量的参考书可选择，我常常感到困惑。
For_example,_there_are_huge_amounts_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from.
[联想] 常见的数量修饰词汇分类：
(1)many, a good/great many, a good/large number of等修饰可数名词复数；
(2)much, a good/great deal of, a large/huge amount of, large/huge amounts of等修饰不可数名词；
(3)a lot of, lots of, a quantity of, quantities of, plenty of等既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词。
[句式集释]
No sooner ...than ...引导时间状语从句
[教材原句] No_sooner_had the boy spoken these words_than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)No_sooner_had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
莫言刚一登上舞台，观众就发出雷鸣般的掌声。
(2)Hardly_had_Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharply, “Don't be so mean，” pointing a finger of warning at her.
萨布丽娜的话音刚落，艾伯特就很尖刻地说：“别那么小气”。并冲她伸出一根手指表示警告。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)no sooner ... than ...表示“刚一……就……”
(2)hardly/scarcely ... when ...表示“刚一……就……；一……就”
注意事项
当 no sooner, hardly或scarcely位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，且主句常用过去完成时，后面的than/when从句中常用一般过去时。
[背写作佳句]
(1)No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. (要点句)
(2)Hardly had we arrived there when we divided this activity into three parts.(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.选词填空
a huge/large amount of， serve as， be eager to， pick out， let go of， hang out， show concern for， suffer from， put up， be intended for
1．First of all, in public places we should show_concern_for the old.
2．Some film stars wear masks when going out in order not to be picked_out.
3．You cannot hang_out with negative people and expect to live a positive life.
4．The course is_intended_for those with a background in personal management.
5．There are two small rooms in the house, the smaller of which serves_as a kitchen.
6．The man opened a shop and then he put_up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.
7．When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let_go_of your hate.
8．Everybody is_eager_to_be a successful person in his life but not all people can always succeed.
9．Students should have to do a_huge/large_amount_of homework both at home and at school.
10．I'm sorry to hear that you are suffering_from heavy pressure and anxieties from College Entrance Examination.
Ⅱ.根据提示补全或翻译句子
1．他一完成讲话学生就开始欢呼起来。(no sooner ...than ...)
No_sooner_had_he_finished_his_speech_than the students started cheering.
2．只有当他为他的粗鲁行为道歉后我才会跟他说话。(“only＋状语”位于句首的倒装句)
Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will_I_speak_to_him again.
3．直到母亲回来，男孩才开始准备他的功课。(not until置于句首的部分倒装句)
Not_until_his_mother_came_back_did the boy begin to prepare his lessons.
4．他作了一个冗长无聊的演讲，结果只能证明他的愚蠢。(only to do作结果状语)
He made a long boring speech only_to_show_his_foolishness.
5．老师对待我像对待她自己的孩子一样。(as if)
The_teacher_treats_me_as_if_I_were_her_own_child.
Ⅲ.分步写作
根据下列提示，写一篇关于马克·吐温及其作品《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的评论。
1．马克·吐温(Mark Twain)，美国作家，出生于密西西比河(the Mississippi River)畔小城。
2．代表作(masterpiece)之一《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》(The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn)。这部小说讲述了白人小孩Huckleberry Finn从家中逃走，和黑奴吉姆在密西西比河流浪的故事。《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》在美国文学史上是一部经典的小说。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点
本文要求写一篇文学评论，人称主要是第三人称，时态主要是一般现在时和一般过去时。根据题目和要求，本文包括以下三个要点：要点1简要介绍马克·吐温(美国作家，出生地)；要点2介绍其代表作《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》及其故事梗概；要点3评论这部作品(地位)。
要点1：马克·吐温是一位杰出的美国作家。他在密西西比河畔小城长大。(extraordinary)
Mark_Twain_was_an_extraordinary_American_writer.He_grew_up_in_a_small_town_on_the_banks_of_the_Mississippi_River.
要点2－①：他的代表作之一是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。这部小说讲述了哈克贝利·费恩从家中逃走，在密西西比河流浪的故事。
One_of_his_masterpieces_is_The_Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn.The_novel_tells_of_Huckleberry_Finn_running_away_from_home_and_wandering_down_the_Mississippi_River.
要点2－②：不久他结识了一位黑人奴隶吉姆。(acquaintance, slave)
Soon_he_makes_the_acquaintance_of_a_black_slave,_Jim.
要点2－③：哈克贝利·费恩遇见的人物涵盖了社会各个阶层，因此这部小说生动地反映了当时的社会。(cover all walks of life)
With_the_people_Huckleberry_Finn_meets_covering_all_walks_of_life,_the_novel_vividly_reflects_the_society_at_that_time.
要点3：《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》在美国文学上是一部经典的小说。
The_Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn_is_a_classic_novel_in_American_literature.
第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼
为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行适当拓展或者升级，用更高级表达，使表达更亮眼。要点1可以使用同位语形式进行升级；要点2－①使用which引导的非限制性定语从句进行升级；要点2－②后添加if引导的虚拟语气，说明如果没有遇见吉姆的结果；要点3可增加状语“从许多方面来考虑”并用过去分词作状语表达。
升级要点1：马克·吐温，杰出美国作家，在密西西比河畔的一座小城长大。(同位语)
Mark_Twain,_an_extraordinary_American_writer,_grew_up_in_a_small_town_on_the_banks_of_the_Mississippi_River.
升级要点2－①：他的代表作之一是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，讲述了哈克贝利·费恩从家中逃走，在密西西比河流浪的故事。(用which引导非限制性定语从句)
One_of_his_masterpieces_is_The_Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn，which_tells_of_Huckleberry_Finn_running_away_from_home_and_wandering_down_the_Mississippi_River.
补充要点2－②：如果他没有遇见吉姆，也就没有后来的这些事了。(用if引导的虚拟语气)
If_he_hadn't_met_Jim,_there_could_never_have_been_such_things_later_on.
拓展要点3：从许多方面来考虑，《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》在美国文学上是一部经典的小说。(过去分词作状语)
Considered_in_many_aspects,_The_Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn_is_a_classic_novel_in_American_literature.
第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡
文学评论一般先简短介绍作者，再介绍被评论的书刊，最后再给出对这本书的评价。这一类的文章一般不需要太多的衔接，关键在于理清要点的先后顺序，注意要点间的衔接、连贯。
Mark Twain, an extraordinary American writer, grew up in a small town on the banks of the Mississippi River.One of his masterpieces is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which tells of Huckleberry Finn running away from home and wandering down the Mississippi River.Soon he makes the acquaintance of a black slave, Jim.If he hadn't met Jim, there could never have been such things later on.With the people Huckleberry Finn meets covering all walks of life, the novel vividly reflects the society at that time.
Considered in many aspects, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a classic novel in American literature.
(一)课前自主学习
Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意
1．appetite n． 胃口；食欲
2．mourn v. 悼念，哀悼，为……哀痛
3．naughty adj. 淘气的；调皮的
4．orphan n. 孤儿
5．wedding n．[纵联1] 婚礼
6．cast n. 演员阵容，全体演员
7．chapter n. 章节
8．sparrow n. 麻雀
9．nutrition n. 营养(作用)；滋养
10．welfare n. 幸福，福祉；健康
11．compass n. 指南针，罗盘
12．corporation n. 公司，企业
13．navy n. 海军
14．paperwork n. 资料，文件
15．fountain n. 喷泉；喷水池
16．bunch n. 一束，一串
17．mistress n．[纵联2] 女主人
18．ambassador n. 大使
19．lantern n. 灯笼，提灯
20．pedestrian n. 行人
Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形
1．support n. 支撑物
2．seize v．[纵联3] 抓住
3．hang v. 绞死；吊死
4．drag v. 拖；拉；硬拽
5．whisper v．[纵联4] 低声地说；耳语
6．repay v. 报答；回报
7．smog n. 烟雾
8．swallow v. 吞下；咽下(食物或饮料)
9．choke v. (使)窒息，(使)噎住，(使)呼吸困难
10．attain v．[纵联5] 获得，达到
11．escape_v. 逃跑
12．feed v. 喂养；为……提供食品
13．reward n． [纵联6] 酬谢；奖赏；赏金
14．scream_v. 尖叫；高声喊叫
Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变
1．novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说adj.新奇的
2．scene n．场景；场面→scenery n．风景，景色(总称)
3．cruel adj.冷酷的→cruelty n．残酷；冷酷
4．eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerness_n．热切；渴望
5．serve v．端上(饭菜等)→service n．服务；服侍
6．desperate adj.绝望的→desperation n．绝望→desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地
7．healthy adj.健康的→health_n．健康→unhealthy adj.不健康的
8．intend v．打算→intention_n．打算；目的；意图→intentional_adj.故意的
9．illegally adv.违法地；非法地→illegal adj.违法的；非法的→(反义词)legal adj.合法的→legally adv.合法地
10．distribute v．分发，分配，分送→distribution n．分配，分布
11．starvation n．挨饿，饿死→starve v．(使)挨饿，(使)饿死
12．concern n．关心，担心v.影响到；涉及→concerned adj.关心的，担心的；有关的→concerning prep.关于
13．accumulate v．积累→accumulation n．积累，积聚 [纵联7]
14．accomplish v．完成(任务等)，取得(成功)→accomplishment n．成就；完成
纵联1.“结婚”有好词
①wedding n．婚礼 ②marry v．结婚
③marriage n．婚姻 ④bride n．新娘
⑤bridegroom n．新郎 ⑥diamond ring钻戒
⑦gold necklace金项链 ⑧banquet n．宴席
纵联2.“女性”词缀“ess”半边天
①mistress n．女主人 ②hostess n．女主人
③actress n．女演员 ④waitress n．女服务员
⑤stewardess n．女管家；空姐 ⑥princess n．公主
纵联3.一起来“抓”
①seize v．抓住 ②catch v．抓住，捉住
③grasp v．抓住，控制 ④grab v．攫取，霸占
⑤capture v．俘获，夺得 ⑥arrest v．逮捕；拘留
纵联4.七嘴八舌有话“说”
①whisper v．低声地说 ②say v．说，讲；告诉
③tell vt.告诉；讲述 ④talk vi.交谈，讲话
⑤speak vt.说；讲 ⑥address vt.演说；向……讲话
⑦communicate v．沟通；交流 ⑧retell vt.复述，重讲
纵联5.词根“tain”荟萃
①attain v．得到；获得 ②obtain v．获得；赢得
③contain v．包含；容纳 ④maintain v．维持；继续
⑤sustain v．维持；继续 ⑥retain v．保持；持有
纵联6.开心记词“奖”多多
①reward n．奖赏；奖品 ②award n．奖品；奖励
③prize n．奖品；奖赏 ④bonus n．奖金；红利
⑤scholarship n．奖学金
纵联7.动词后缀“ate”多积累
①accumulate积累 ②accelerate(使)加快
③advocate提倡，主张 ④allocate分配
⑤appreciate欣赏；感激 ⑥concentrate集中
单元话题——文学与艺术
子话题1 文学体裁
①fiction n．小说 ②myth n．神话
③fable n．寓言 ④legend n．传说
⑤autobiography n．自传 ⑥episode n．逸事
⑦essay n．随笔 ⑧criticism n．评论
⑨prose n．散文 ⑩poetry n．诗(总称)
⑪fairy tale 童话 ⑫lyric n．抒情诗
子话题2 影视戏曲
①studio n．录音棚；工作室 ②theatre n．剧院；戏剧
③drama n．戏剧 ④comedy n．喜剧
⑤tragedy n．悲剧 ⑥copyright n．版权
⑦criticism n．批判主义 ⑧Peking opera京剧
子话题3 文学人物
①playwright n．剧作家 ②critic n．批评家
③director n．导演 ④crew n．剧组
⑤character n．人物；角色 ⑥cast n．全体演员
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 阅读中的词汇应用
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)It's an amazing accomplishment❶ and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations❷， and other social organizations.
①accomplishment在本单元中的同根动词是：accomplish，其同义词为：achievement
②写出corporation在句中的含义：公司。该词的形近词：cooperation意为：合作；协作
2．(2015·江苏高考任务型阅读)News of immediate reward ❶ will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene❷ without actual involvement.
①选择reward在句中的含义：__C__
A．红利 B．奖学金 C．报酬
②写出scene在句中的含义：场景
高考采撷(二) 写作中的词汇应用
(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)
1．(2018·北京高考书面表达)这所大学以其专门为国际学生设立的语言和文化课程而闻名。我相信你在那儿的体验会有益的。(intend, reward)
The_university_is_known_for_its_language_and_culture_courses_intended_for_international_students.I_believe_you_will_have_a_rewarding_experience_there.
2．(2014·重庆高考写作)然而，在我看来，我们沉迷于玩智能手机是不明智的，因为我们可能会忽略生活中其他重要的事情，如友谊和体育锻炼。(concern)
However,_as_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it_is_not_wise_for_us_to_be_addicted_to_playing_with_smartphones_because_we_may_ignore_other_important_things_in_life,_such_as_friendship_and_taking_physical_exercise.
(二)课堂重点释疑
1．serve vt.端上(饭菜等)；供应；为服务；vi.服役，供职
[辨清] 写出下列句中serve的含义
①Your order will be served right away.端上
②Every young man in China is responsible to serve in the army.服役
③This restaurant serves plain food, but it is delicious.供应
④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA)．供职
[记牢]
(1)serve as 充当；担任
serve sb.(with) sth.＝ serve sth.to sb. 拿/用某物招待/款待某人
(2)service n. 服务；接待；效劳
at your service 愿意为您效劳
server n. 服务器；服务人员
[练通]
单句语法填空
⑤If you need my help, let me know. I'm always at your service (serve)．
⑥If a computer network's main server (serve)breaks down, the entire system would become useless.
句型转换
⑦The students served some apples to the invited experts.
→The students served the invited experts with some apples.
[用准] serve表示“服务于某人，为……服务”时为及物动词，其后直接加宾语，构成短语serve sb.。
[写美] 补全句子
⑧(2015·湖北高考写作)从这次经历中我学到了质疑是帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。
From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve_as_a_bridge_that_helps
_us_to_seek_the_truth.
2．eager adj.热切的，渴望的
[记牢]
(1)be eager to do sth. 渴望/热心做某事
be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物
be eager that ... 渴望……
(2)eagerness n. 热心，渴望
eagerly adv. 急切地；渴望地；热心地
[练通]
单句语法填空
①Each week I eagerly (eager) counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there.
②I wasn't able to hide my eagerness (eager) when I asked，“What do you wish me to do now？”
单句改错
③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.eager后加to
补全句子
④Believe it or not, he or she is on your side and is_eager_to_see_you_do_well.
信不信由你，他或她是支持你的，并且渴望看到你干得好。
[写美] 翻译句子
⑤(2015·重庆高考写作)我急切地盼望得到关于你们活动的更多的信息。
I'm_eager_for_more_information_about_your_activity.
[联想] 表示“渴望/盼望做某事”表达还有：be anxious to do sth.; be desperate to do sth.; long to do sth.; desire to do sth.; look forward to doing sth.; be keen to do sth.; be thirsty to do sth.等。
3．hang v．绞死；吊死；悬挂
[记牢]
hang up 挂断(电话)
hang out/around/about 闲荡；逗留
hang on (打电话时)别挂断；坚持
hang on to 抓紧；保留，不放弃
[练通] 用适当的介、副词填空
①It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
②Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up before I could answer the phone.
③In the afternoon, she is going to hang out/around/about with her friends and buy some CDs.
[用准]
hang
意义
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
绞死，吊死
hanged
hanged
hanging
悬挂，垂下
hung
hung
hanging
[写美] 补全句子
④正如我上一次告诉你的，我在这里交了三个好朋友。午饭时间和放学后我们一起去闲逛。
As I told you last time, I made three new friends here. We_hang_out_together_during
_lunch_and_after_school.
4．reward n．酬谢；奖赏；赏金 v．酬谢；奖赏
[记牢]
(1)be rewarded for 因……而得到回报
be rewarded with 得到……回报/奖赏
(2)offer/give sb. a reward for ... 因某事给某人报酬/回报
in reward＝as a reward 作为报答
(3)rewarding adj. 值得的；有益的；有意义的
[练通] 单句语法填空
①In Roland Fryer's research, some students did better than the others because they were rewarded for reading some books.
②(2016·北京高考)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.
③When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding (reward)．
④The police are offering reward of $50,000 for information leading to the arrest of the murderer.
⑤I don't expect anything in reward and I did it because I enjoyed it.
[用准] reward 指纯粹的“报酬，回报”这一概念时，是不可数名词；指具体的“奖赏，奖金”时是可数名词。
[写美] 补全句子
⑥(2015·四川高考书面表达)在帖子中，你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这正是我想要的。
In your post, you mentioned that you_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_which is just what I want.
5．intend v．打算，想要，计划
[记牢]
(1)intend doing/to do sth. 打算/想要做某事
be intended to do sth. 目的是做……
be intended for 为……打算(或设计)的
(2)intention n. 意图，目的，打算
[练通]
单句语法填空
①The chair was intended for you, but she took it away.
②My early intention (intend) of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature.
补全句子
③I intended_to_catch_the early train, but I didn't get up in time.
我本想赶早一点的火车，可是我起晚了。
[写美] 补全句子
④(2015·北京高考书面表达)我打算参加龙舟训练营。我想知道你是否想和我一起参加。
I intend_to_join_a Dragon Boat Training Camp. I wonder if you'd like to go with me.
[联想] 表示“打算做某事”的表达还有：be going to do sth.; be about to do sth.; plan to do sth.; mean to do sth.; aim to do sth.等。
[词汇过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Seized (抓住) by the policeman, the thief was afraid of being punished.
2．The judge declared that the criminal would be hanged (绞死) at once.
3．The police dragged_(拖；拉) the escaped prisoner out of the cave.
4．My mother's hands are so rough (粗糙的) that she does so much for the family.
5．Don't worry. The hard work that you do now will be repaid(回报) later in life.
6．Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed (吞下)．
7．India attained(获得) independence in 1947, after a long struggle.
8．Yesterday morning, our school gave us a practice of escaping (逃跑) from an earthquake.
9．If you arrive at noon, you will see the feeding(喂养) of animals.
10．Sooner or later you will be rewarded(奖赏) for your positive attitude towards your work.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We must devote our time to study so that we may be of service (serve) to our country.
2．Only when I grow up do I realize that the blame was intended to_prevent(prevent) me from making the same mistake again.
3．When I am in trouble, she gives me a hand without any rewards (reward)．
4．After the performance, I'm eager to_show(show) you around some places.
5．If you want to have a healthy (health) body, please do more sports and eat a balanced diet.
6．The man was caught by the police because he entered the country illegally (illegal)．
7．Many people suffered from the effects of poor nutrition and even starvation (starve) because of a lack of food.
8．He was away from home for two years and we are concerned_(concern) about his safety.
Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子
1．这门课程是为那些希望提高他们的组织技能的学生开设的。(intend)
The course is_intended_for_students_who wish to improve their organizational skills.
2．据报道，为了追回被盗的石雕，将悬赏一笔2万美元的奖金。(reward)
It is reported that a_reward_of_$20,000_will_be_offered_for the return of the stolen sculpture.
3．队长渴望所有工人都按时上班。(eager)
The group leader is_eager_that_all the workers should come in time.
4．抱歉，这个星期天我无法和你一起闲逛。(hang)
I'm sorry, and I can't_hang_out_with_you this Sunday.
5．他决定要到偏远地区当两年老师。(serve)
He is determined to_serve_as_a_teacher_in the remote area for two years.
(一)课前自主学习
1．in_a_...voice 用……声音(说)，……声地
2．a_huge/large_amount_of 大量的
3．bring_sth._to_the_attention_of_sb.
使某人关注某事
4．be_cruel_to 对……残忍
5．pick_out [串记1] 挑选出，辨认出
6．let_go_of 放开，放弃
7．escape_from [串记2] 从……逃离
8．in_astonishment [串记3] 惊讶地，吃惊地
9．suffer_from 遭受
10．put_up 张贴(通知，海报)，搭建，建造
11．no_sooner_...than 刚一……就
[同根短语串记]
串记1.“动词＋out”短语荟萃
①pick out挑选出；辨认出 ②give out分发；用尽；疲惫
③find out查明；弄清楚 ④break out突发；爆发
⑤burst out突发；爆发 ⑥bring out出版；生产
⑦work out解决；锻炼 ⑧hand out分发；拿出
⑨figure out算出；理解 ⑩try out试用；试验
串记2.“v.＋from”短语万花筒
①escape from从……逃离 ②suffer from遭受
③benefit from从……中获益 ④date from始于……
⑤result from起因于 ⑥infer from从……推断
串记3.“in＋抽象名词”短语集锦
①in astonishment惊讶地 ②in secret秘密地
③in silence默默地 ④in peace和平地
⑤in surprise惊讶地 ⑥in trouble在危险等的处境中
1．at meal times 在吃饭时
2．need washing 需要洗
3．stare at 凝视，盯着看
4．be desperate with 因……而绝望
5．whisper to each other 窃窃私语
6．rise from the table 从桌旁站起来
7．hit him on the head 敲他的头
8．make a lot of money 赚了很多钱
9．in great excitement 十分激动地
10．over the next 25 years 在接下来的25年里
1．When they had cleaned their bowls in this way, they would sit staring at the pot with eager eyes, as if they wanted to eat it.
当他们以这种方式清洁好他们的碗后，他们便会坐着，用渴望的眼神盯着那口锅，好像要把它吃掉一样。
2．Not_until_at_least_thirty_seconds_had_passed,_was the man able to speak.
至少过了三十秒钟，这个人才说出话来。
3．No_sooner_had_the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.
孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。
4．Only_then_did_Oliver understand his situation.
只有在那时奥利弗才明白自己的处境。
[学考对接·活学活用]
高考采撷(一) 完形中的短语(补全句子)
1．(2017·江苏高考完形填空)However, one day, in the music class that was part of his school's standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it easy to pick_out (辨认出；分辨出) tunes.
2．(2011·重庆高考完形填空)“John! Help” he shouted in_a_trembling_voice (用颤抖的声音), with the tiller still in his hands.
高考采撷(二) 写作中的句式
1．(2013·湖北高考写作)I didn't realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways until then. (用not until位于句首引起的部分倒装句升级)
→Not_until_then_did_I_realize_words_could_be_powerful_in_both_positive_and_negative_ways.
2．(2015·湖南高考写作)Before the whole class, he said, “If you put your heart into your lessons, you can make great progress.”(用倒装句和间接引语升级)
→He_said_before_the_whole_class_that_only_if_we_put_our_heart_into_our_lessons_could_we_make_great_progress.
(二)课堂重点释疑
[短语集释]
a huge/large amount of大量的
[记牢]
(1)“a huge/large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数
(2)“huge/large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数
[练通] 单句语法填空
①A good amount of sleep every night is (be) important for your health.
②Large amounts of water are_needed_(need) for cooling purpose.
[写美] 翻译句子
③(2018·江苏高考书面表达)例如，有大量的参考书可选择，我常常感到困惑。
For_example,_there_are_huge_amounts_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from.
[联想] 常见的数量修饰词汇分类：
(1)many, a good/great many, a good/large number of等修饰可数名词复数；
(2)much, a good/great deal of, a large/huge amount of, large/huge amounts of等修饰不可数名词；
(3)a lot of, lots of, a quantity of, quantities of, plenty of等既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词。
[句式集释]
No sooner ...than ...引导时间状语从句
[教材原句] No_sooner_had the boy spoken these words_than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.
[悟拓展例句]
(1)No_sooner_had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
莫言刚一登上舞台，观众就发出雷鸣般的掌声。
(2)Hardly_had_Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharply, “Don't be so mean，” pointing a finger of warning at her.
萨布丽娜的话音刚落，艾伯特就很尖刻地说：“别那么小气”。并冲她伸出一根手指表示警告。
[析用法规则]
用法归纳
(1)no sooner ... than ...表示“刚一……就……”
(2)hardly/scarcely ... when ...表示“刚一……就……；一……就”
注意事项
当 no sooner, hardly或scarcely位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，且主句常用过去完成时，后面的than/when从句中常用一般过去时。
[背写作佳句]
(1)No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. (要点句)
(2)Hardly had we arrived there when we divided this activity into three parts.(要点句)
[词块、句式过关综合训练]
Ⅰ.选词填空
a huge/large amount of， serve as， be eager to， pick out， let go of， hang out， show concern for， suffer from， put up， be intended for
1．First of all, in public places we should show_concern_for the old.
2．Some film stars wear masks when going out in order not to be picked_out.
3．You cannot hang_out with negative people and expect to live a positive life.
4．The course is_intended_for those with a background in personal management.
5．There are two small rooms in the house, the smaller of which serves_as a kitchen.
6．The man opened a shop and then he put_up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.
7．When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let_go_of your hate.
8．Everybody is_eager_to_be a successful person in his life but not all people can always succeed.
9．Students should have to do a_huge/large_amount_of homework both at home and at school.
10．I'm sorry to hear that you are suffering_from heavy pressure and anxieties from College Entrance Examination.
Ⅱ.根据提示补全或翻译句子
1．他一完成讲话学生就开始欢呼起来。(no sooner ...than ...)
No_sooner_had_he_finished_his_speech_than the students started cheering.
2．只有当他为他的粗鲁行为道歉后我才会跟他说话。(“only＋状语”位于句首的倒装句)
Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will_I_speak_to_him again.
3．直到母亲回来，男孩才开始准备他的功课。(not until置于句首的部分倒装句)
Not_until_his_mother_came_back_did the boy begin to prepare his lessons.
4．他作了一个冗长无聊的演讲，结果只能证明他的愚蠢。(only to do作结果状语)
He made a long boring speech only_to_show_his_foolishness.
5．老师对待我像对待她自己的孩子一样。(as if)
The_teacher_treats_me_as_if_I_were_her_own_child.
Ⅲ.分步写作
根据下列提示，写一篇关于马克·吐温及其作品《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的评论。
1．马克·吐温(Mark Twain)，美国作家，出生于密西西比河(the Mississippi River)畔小城。
2．代表作(masterpiece)之一《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》(The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn)。这部小说讲述了白人小孩Huckleberry Finn从家中逃走，和黑奴吉姆在密西西比河流浪的故事。《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》在美国文学史上是一部经典的小说。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点
本文要求写一篇文学评论，人称主要是第三人称，时态主要是一般现在时和一般过去时。根据题目和要求，本文包括以下三个要点：要点1简要介绍马克·吐温(美国作家，出生地)；要点2介绍其代表作《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》及其故事梗概；要点3评论这部作品(地位)。
要点1：马克·吐温是一位杰出的美国作家。他在密西西比河畔小城长大。(extraordinary)
Mark_Twain_was_an_extraordinary_American_writer.He_grew_up_in_a_small_town_on_the_banks_of_the_Mississippi_River.
要点2－①：他的代表作之一是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。这部小说讲述了哈克贝利·费恩从家中逃走，在密西西比河流浪的故事。
One_of_his_masterpieces_is_The_Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn.The_novel_tells_of_Huckleberry_Finn_running_away_from_home_and_wandering_down_the_Mississippi_River.
要点2－②：不久他结识了一位黑人奴隶吉姆。(acquaintance, slave)
Soon_he_makes_the_acquaintance_of_a_black_slave,_Jim.
要点2－③：哈克贝利·费恩遇见的人物涵盖了社会各个阶层，因此这部小说生动地反映了当时的社会。(cover all walks of life)
With_the_people_Huckleberry_Finn_meets_covering_all_walks_of_life,_the_novel_vividly_reflects_the_society_at_that_time.
要点3：《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》在美国文学上是一部经典的小说。
The_Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn_is_a_classic_novel_in_American_literature.
第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼
为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行适当拓展或者升级，用更高级表达，使表达更亮眼。要点1可以使用同位语形式进行升级；要点2－①使用which引导的非限制性定语从句进行升级；要点2－②后添加if引导的虚拟语气，说明如果没有遇见吉姆的结果；要点3可增加状语“从许多方面来考虑”并用过去分词作状语表达。
升级要点1：马克·吐温，杰出美国作家，在密西西比河畔的一座小城长大。(同位语)
Mark_Twain,_an_extraordinary_American_writer,_grew_up_in_a_small_town_on_the_banks_of_the_Mississippi_River.
升级要点2－①：他的代表作之一是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，讲述了哈克贝利·费恩从家中逃走，在密西西比河流浪的故事。(用which引导非限制性定语从句)
One_of_his_masterpieces_is_The_Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn，which_tells_of_Huckleberry_Finn_running_away_from_home_and_wandering_down_the_Mississippi_River.
补充要点2－②：如果他没有遇见吉姆，也就没有后来的这些事了。(用if引导的虚拟语气)
If_he_hadn't_met_Jim,_there_could_never_have_been_such_things_later_on.
拓展要点3：从许多方面来考虑，《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》在美国文学上是一部经典的小说。(过去分词作状语)
Considered_in_many_aspects,_The_Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn_is_a_classic_novel_in_American_literature.
第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡
文学评论一般先简短介绍作者，再介绍被评论的书刊，最后再给出对这本书的评价。这一类的文章一般不需要太多的衔接，关键在于理清要点的先后顺序，注意要点间的衔接、连贯。
Mark Twain, an extraordinary American writer, grew up in a small town on the banks of the Mississippi River.One of his masterpieces is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which tells of Huckleberry Finn running away from home and wandering down the Mississippi River.Soon he makes the acquaintance of a black slave, Jim.If he hadn't met Jim, there could never have been such things later on.With the people Huckleberry Finn meets covering all walks of life, the novel vividly reflects the society at that time.
Considered in many aspects, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a classic novel in American literature.
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