2020版高考英语新创新一轮复习北师大版讲义：必修3Unit8Adventure

Unit 8 Adventure




一、课前基础自查

(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．safari n．　　　　　(尤指在东非或中非
的)游猎，探险旅行
2．raft n. 木排，木筏
3．white­water rafting 激流漂流
4．horizon n. 地平线
5．bungee jumping n. 蹦极
6．snowboarding n. 单板滑雪
7．snowrafting n. 动力雪橇滑降
8．the Antarctic 南极地区_
9．sledge n. 雪车，雪橇
10．Norwegian adj. 挪威的
n. 挪威人
11．Arctic n. 北极，北极区
12．philosophy n. 哲学
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．adventure_ n. 奇遇，冒险的经历
2．major adj. 较重要的；较严重的
3.wild adj.　　　　野生的；狂热的
4．extra_adj. 特别的；额外的
5．altitude n. 高度，海拔
6．exactly adv. 确切地，精确地
7．risk vt. 冒……的危险
8．excitement n. 兴奋，激动
9．statement_ n. 陈述
10．quantity n. 量，数量
11．sadness n. 悲哀，忧伤
12．function vi. 运转；发挥作用
13．nationality n. 国籍
14．aim_n. 目标；目的
15．transport_ n. 运输，运送
16．disadvantage n. 不利，不利条件
17．staff n. 员工，全体工作人员
18．survival n. 幸存，残存
19．shelter n. 遮蔽，庇护所
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．limit n．边界；限度→limited adj.有限的
2．uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的→comfortable adj.舒服的→comfort n. & vt.安慰
3．accommodation n．住所，住处→accommodate vt.容纳
4．differ vi.不同于，有区别→difference n．不同之处→different adj.不同的
5．similarity n．相似性，类似性→similar adj.同样的；类似的→similarly adv.同样地；类似地
6．various adj.不同的，各种各样的→variety n．品种；种类；变化→vary vi.变化
7．equipment n．配备，设备→equip vt.装备，配置
8．preference n．较喜欢的东西，偏爱→prefer v．喜爱
9．amaze vt.使惊愕(惊奇)→amazed adj.惊愕的，吃惊的→amazing adj.令人惊异的→amazement n．吃惊，惊愕
10．confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n．混乱；困惑
11．wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的→wealth n．财富；富有
12．preparation n．准备，预备→prepare vt.准备；预备
13．cheerful adj.愉快的，高兴的→cheer n. & vt.欢呼
14．patience n．耐心；忍耐力→patient adj.耐心的n.病人→patiently adv.耐心地
15．observe vt.观察，观测→observation n．观察→observer n．观察者
16．ambition n．志向，抱负→ambitious adj.有远大志向的；有野心的
[语境活用]
1．He prefers to surf the Internet rather than do anything else because playing computer is his preference.(prefer)
2．Every family is busy preparing for the Spring Festival, for there are lots of preparations to do.(prepare)
3．Similarly,_we can see this report is similar to that one. The similarity between them suggests that one person wrote both.(similar)
4．It is an amazing discovery so we are amazed at it; to our amazement,_it is a disabled man who made the discovery.(amaze)
5．He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)
6．He's a good doctor. He always has patience with his patients and talks with them patiently.(patient)
7．From the appearance, we can not tell the differences between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. And as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people.(differ)
8．Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)
9．There are various goods in the supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety attracts many customers.(various)

(二)练中记短语——记牢用活

写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.right_now　　　　　　　 就在此刻
2．in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便
3．upside_down 颠倒地，倒置地
4．turn_up 出现，到场；调高声音
5．back_out 决定不履行(允诺的事)
6．get_across 使理解(某事)
7．in_turn 轮流
8．break_out (坏事)突然发生，爆发
9．put_..._into_prison 把……关进监狱
10．stand_by 坚持(某种说法)；袖手旁观
11．on_one's_way 在途中
12．break_down 损坏，不能运转；失败
13．run_out_of 用完，耗尽
14．carry_on 继续做某事
15．take_off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱掉；开始成功
1.Mr.Brown is a good coach because he can get_across the play.
2．It was a surprise that Richard turned_up on Christmas Eve with Tony.
3．Suddenly, he found that he had run_out_of salt and had to buy some.
4．First my car broke_down,_and then I lost my key. It never rains but it pours!
5．We took_off at 11：00 am and arrived in Venice at 1：30 pm.
6．After he left I just tried to carry_on as usual in spite of some difficulty.
7．A big fire broke_out in the hotel last night, but all the people were able to escape from it.
8．We are not prepared to stand_by and let them close our schools.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Why do you think people would want to go on this trip?
你认为人们为什么会想去进行这次旅行？
do you think为插入语，
结构：特殊疑问词＋do you think＋陈述语序？
你认为这本书中哪一部分最有趣？
Which part of this book do_you_think is the most interesting？
2.When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.
我第一次站在跳台上紧张得真想退缩下来，但是朋友们说服了我。
“so ... that”引导结果状语从句。
(2015·四川高考书面表达)每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。
Keeping a learning diary every day is so_important_that I would like to introduce it to you.
3.Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true.
虽然人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可写的关于中国的东西太离奇而不可信。
too ... to ...“太……而不能……”。
我们本打算旅游两天，但是太忙了，抽不出时间。
We had intended to take a two­day trip, but we were_too_busy_to_afford it.
4.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.
接下来极地冬日的极夜时期到来了。
全部倒装句。
(2015·上海高考书面表达)在图画中，三个学生围坐在桌子周围，桌子上有三本书。
In the picture, around the table with three books on it sit_three_students.
5.The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.
接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走不便。
have difficulty (in) doing sth.“在做某事方面有困难”。
大卫用汉语表达自己的想法有些困难，但通过肢体语言我理解了他的意思。
David had_some_difficulty_(in)_expressing_himself in Chinese, but I understood him by body language.


二、课堂重点深化



1．differ vi.不同于，有区别
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.
②I differ with him on that point where the bridge will be built, though he may be right.
③I knew it was the difference (different) between life and death.
完成句子
④Even though we completely_differ_from_each_other_in_character,_we are still great friends.
虽然我们在性格上完全不同，但我们仍然是很好的朋友。
⑤Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a low­carbon life can we make_a_difference.
只有我们知道在日常生活中做什么，过低碳生活，我们才能有所影响。

　[系统归纳]
(1)differ from ... in ...　 　 　 在……方面与……不同
differ with sb. 与某人意见不同
(2)different adj. 不同的，有差异的
be different from ... 不同于……
(3)difference n. 差异，差别
make a/no difference 有/无影响
tell the difference between A and B　指出A与B的不同
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥English differs in Chinese in this respect, so we must pay more attention to it.第一个in→from
佳句时时写
⑦(2015·湖南高考书面表达)从我个人的经验中我认识到几个赞美之词对有些人会产生很大的影响。
From_my_own_experience,_I_learn_that_several_words_of_praise_can_make_a_great_difference_to_someone.
2．risk vt.冒……的危险n.冒险；危险；风险
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①A rescue worker risked his life saving (save) two tourists trapped in the mountains for two days.
②He was determined to do it even at the risk of being_laughed (laugh) at.
完成句子
③Whoever you are, don't take/run_the_risk_of_doing_a_job like that.
无论你是谁，都不要冒险做那样一份工作。
④The captain was not willing to risk_taking_his_ship through the straits in such bad weather.
船长不愿意在这样恶劣的天气里冒险将船驶过海峡。
　[系统归纳]
(1)risk (doing) sth.　　 　　 冒险(做)某事
(2)at the risk of (doing) sth. 冒着(做)某事的风险
take/run the risk of (doing) sth.
冒……的危险；冒险做某事
take/run a risk/risks 冒险
at risk 处境危险；遭受危险
at all risks/at any risk 无论冒什么风险，无论如何
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤We've been advised not to risk travel in these conditions.travel→traveling
佳句时时写
⑥The passer­by saved the boy's life at the risk of losing his own life.
→The passer­by risked his own life saving the boy's life.
3．confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①His writing is so confusing (confuse) that it's difficult to make out what he is trying to express.
②She got shocked and confused (confuse) — smoke was pouring from the kitchen.
完成句子
③I always confuse_you_with_your_sister — you look so alike.
我总是把你和你妹妹搞混——你们太像了。
④He looked at me in_confusion and did not answer the question.
他困惑地看着我，没有回答问题。
　[系统归纳]
(1)confuse A with/and B　　 将A和B混淆
(2)confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的
be/get confused 被弄糊涂
confusing adj. 令人迷惑的
(3)confusion n. 混乱；困惑
in confusion 困惑地，困窘地；乱七八糟，处于混乱状态
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤They asked me so many questions that I got confusing.confusing→confused
佳句时时写
⑥(2018·江苏高考书面表达)比如，有很多的参考书，我从中进行选择的时候常感到困惑。
For_example,_there_are_plenty_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from.
4．preparation n．准备，预备
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I prepare to_graduate (graduate) from Sanford H．Calhoun High School in Merrick.
②The best preparation (prepare) for tomorrow is doing your best today.
完成句子
③The teacher is_preparing_the_reviewing_quiz,_while the students are_preparing_for it.
老师正在准备复习测试题，而学生正在为测试做准备。
④These materials are useful to review in_preparation_for the final exam.
这些材料对复习准备期末考试很有帮助。
⑤If you are selected in this position, you must prepare_to_travel on business frequently.
如果你被录取，你必须准备经常出差。
⑥Mrs.White is busy making_preparations_for her daughter's wedding.
怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做准备。
　[系统归纳]
为(做)某事做准备
(be) in preparation　 在准备中
(2)prepare vt. 预备；筹备；调制；为……做准备
　 vi. 准备；预备；做准备
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
prepare (sb.) for sth. (使某人)为某事做准备
(3)prepared adj. 有准备的，事先准备好的
愿意做某事；为(做)某事做好准备
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑦We will have to collect new material in preparation to the experiment. 第二个to→for
佳句时时写
⑧(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)首先，依据我们的传统，你应该早点到达以便于你能帮助主人准备晚餐，那不仅有意义而且有趣。
To_begin_with,_according_to_our_tradition,_you_are_supposed_to_arrive_early_so_that_you_can_help_the_host_prepare_the_dinner,_which_is_not_only_meaningful_but_also_interesting.
5．aim n．目标，目的；瞄准vi.& vt.瞄准；对准；针对；(朝某方向)努力
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中aim的含义
①They're aiming at training everybody by the end of the year. (朝某方向)努力
②Before the hunter could take aim, the deer jumped out of sight. 瞄准
③Our aim is to make the students' speech comprehensible. 目标，目的
④This anti­smoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers. 针对
单句语法填空
⑤I'm aiming to_finish (finish) all tasks before the summer holidays.
⑥They will start their project, aiming at helping (help) the poor children to be educated in the west of China.
完成句子
⑦She visited the school with_the_aim_of learning more advanced teaching experience.
她参观学校的目的是学习更多先进的教学经验。
⑧Slowly he raised his bow and began to take_aim_at the bird standing in the tree in the distance.
慢慢地他举起弓，开始瞄准那只站在远处树上的鸟。
　[系统归纳]
(1)take aim at　　　　　　 向……瞄准
with the aim of 以……为目标；旨在……
(2)aim sth. at sb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物
aim at doing sth./aim to do sth.
意欲、企图、旨在做某事
be aimed at 目的是；旨在
(3)aimless adj. 无目的的
aimlessly adv. 无目标地
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑨This competition is aiming at improving the relationship between teachers and students.aiming→aimed
佳句时时写
⑩(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我写信邀请你加入我们学校的乒乓球队，目的是培养我们的兴趣，提高我们的技术。
I_am_writing_to_invite_you_to_join_the_table_tennis_team_in_our_school,_aiming_at_developing_our_interests_and_improving_our_skills.
6．observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中observe的含义
①It is necessary that traffic rules should be worked out and strictly observed. 遵守
②Radar is able to observe human behavior. 观察
③Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country？ 庆祝
单句语法填空
④She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite side of the way.
⑤According to observers (observe), the plane exploded shortly after take­off.
⑥In hospital she'll be under observation (observe) all the time.
翻译句子
⑦当我们庆祝节日的时候，我们也必须遵守交通规则。
When_we_observe_festivals,_we_must_also_observe_the_traffic_rules.
　[系统归纳]
(1)observe sb.do/doing sth.　 看到某人做了/正在做某事
observe sth.done 看到某事被做
observe a rule 遵守规则
observe the law 遵守法律
(2)observer n. 观察者
observation n. 观察；观察力；观测
under observation 在观察中，在监视中
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑧The murderer was observed quarrel with his neighbour in the park the other day.observed后加to
佳句时时写
⑨(2015·江苏高考书面表达)遵守交通规则是我们每个人的职责，这样我们的社会才能井然有序。
It_is_everybody's_duty_to_observe_the_traffic_rules_to_keep_our_society_in_order.
[名师指津]　observe作“观察；注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v.­ing形式作宾语补足语；但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。
7．limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；边界；限度
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①There is a limit to one's life, but no limit to serving (serve) the people.
②We must limit the expenses to what we can afford.
完成句子
③Within_the_limits_of legal rights, people are free to do as they please.
在法律权限范围内，人们可以自由地做他们高兴做的事。
④We must set_a_limit_to the expense of the trip.
我们必须为此次旅游费用定一个限额。
⑤Our life has_a_limit,_but knowledge is without_limit.
生命有限，知识无涯。

　[系统归纳]
(1)limit ... to ...　　　　　 把……限定在……范围内
(2)set a limit to/on ... 对……规定限度
within the limits of ... 在……范围内
within limits 在一定范围内；有限度地
without limit 无限地
(3)limited adj. 有限的
be limited to sth. 受限制于某物
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥The teaching of history should not be limited in dates and figures.in→to
佳句时时写
⑦(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)文章的长度应限制在四百词左右。
The_length_of_the_article_should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so.



1．take off起飞；脱下(衣服)；开始成功；休假；匆匆离去
　[系统归纳]
take over　　　　 接任，接管，接收；取得主导地位
take in 吸收，理解；受骗；接待
take up 拿起；占据；对……有兴趣；开始从事
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(介、副词填空)
①Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.
②She got a cold as soon as she took off her coat when she got home from work.
③Our factory will take on twenty more workers next month to increase output.
④When Mr Green retired, his son took over the business from him.
⑤I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time.
佳句时时写
⑥(2014·江西高考书面表达)课堂上理解老师所讲内容以及课下复习所学知识很重要。
It_is_important_to_take_in_what_the_teachers_say_in_class_and_review_what_you_learnt_after_class.
2．get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(马路、河等)
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We must get across to the public the simple fact that drugs are dangerous.
②It's time that I got down to thinking (think) about my future.
③After that, he knew he could get through any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.
　[系统归纳]
get across to (sb.)/get sth.across to (sb.)
　　　　　　　　 被传达/理解；把……讲清楚
get away from 逃离；远离；避开
get down to (doing) 开始认真处理/对待，开始(做)
get through 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完；通过
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④As a teacher, I always get across the students the simple fact that taking notes in class is necessary.across_后加to
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)你能在6月28日之前完成文章吗？
Could_you_get_through_your_article_before_June_28?
3．break down损坏，不能运转；(身体)垮掉；(谈判)失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除；分解
　[系统归纳]
break into　　　　　　 破门而入，强行闯入(后接宾语)；突然开始(哭、唱等)
break in 闯入；插话，打断
break away from 突然挣脱，摆脱
break out (坏事)突然发生，爆发
break up 结束；粉碎，破碎；解散
break through 取得突破；克服
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(介、副词填空)
①The next day, he broke into a house and stole a television and a video recorder.
②His health broke down under the pressure of work.
③Jim couldn't understand his parents and broke away from his family.
④Should another world war break out,_what would become of human beings?
⑤In order to get some money, the man broke_up that old machine and sold some parts.
⑥Scientists think they are beginning to break through in the fight against cancer.
佳句时时写
⑦(2018·浙江高考书面表达)我几乎就要垮掉的时候，父亲说，“别担心，儿子。我记得农场附近就有一条河。找到它我们就能回家了。”
I_was_almost_on_the_edge_of_breaking_down_when_my_father_said,_“Don't_worry,_my_son.I_remember_there_is_a_river_near_the_farm_house.Find_the_river_and_we_will_be_back_home.”
4．too ... to ...“太……而不能……”
　[教材原句]　Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marco's stories about China were too fantastic to be true.
　[自主体验]
①As far as I know, they are too_anxious_to_leave.
据我所知，他们急于离开。
②They are all too_satisfied_to_do this work.
他们都很乐意做这项工作。
③I couldn't_thank_you_too_much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
当我们不在家时，你对我儿子的帮助，我再怎样感谢你也不过分。
④Tom is too_young_to_go_to_school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.
＝Tom is not_old_enough_to_go_to_school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.
＝Tom is so_young_that_he_can't_go_to_school. Therefore, his mother takes care of him at home.
汤姆太小了，不能去上学。因此，他妈妈在家照看他。
　[归纳点拨]
(1)“too ... to ...”结构中，若too后接glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing, ready, easy等表示心情、情绪的形容词时，表示肯定意义，too相当于very。
(2)“too ... to”结构之前带有but, only, all, never, not时，强调肯定，译作“非常……；十分……；实在……；真是太……”等。
(3)“too ... to ...”结构可以与“not enough ... to ...”或“so ... that ...”结构相互转换。
(4)“can't ... too ...”表示“无论怎样……也不过分”。
　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2014·福建高考满分作文)The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.Worse still, I took many falls off the bike.
②(增分要点句)You can't be too careful to drive.After all, life is valuable.
5．have difficulty (in) doing sth.
　[教材原句]　The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having_great_difficulty_walking.
　[自主体验]
①Homeless people often have_difficulty_finding_a_job because they have no home addresses.
无家可归的人通常很难找到工作，因为他们没有家庭住址。
②(2015·北京高考)—Did you have_difficulty_finding Ann's house?
—Not really.She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
——你找到安的家有困难吗？
——不是很难。她给了我们很清楚的指引，我们很容易就找到了。
③(2018·天津高考)If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have_no_trouble_answering these questions.
如果你的意识足够敏锐，你就能毫不费力地回答这些问题。
　[归纳点拨]
(1)have difficulty (in) doing sth.表示“在做某事方面有困难或麻烦”，difficulty前有时可用some, much, great, little, no等词来修饰。
(2)其他相关句式：
have trouble/bother/problems/a hard time (in) doing sth.做某事有困难　　
have difficulty/trouble/problems with sth. 在某事上有困难
　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·浙江高考满分作文)First, I can speak English fluently, so I have no difficulty communicating with native speakers.
②(增分要点句)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)You can turn to me whenever you have trouble in understanding Tang poems.



Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Your work has improved in quantity (数量) and quality this term.
2．There were so many people that the company put on extra (额外的) buses.
3．The brave soldier risked (冒……的危险) his life to save the drowning boy.
4．Upon reaching this level, temperature no longer increases with altitude (高度)．
5．Saunder's lawyer made a brief statement (陈述) to the press outside the court.
6．Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function (运转) normally.
7．Judging from what he has said, the company will reduce the staff (员工)．
8．The two Frenchmen went through strange adventures (奇遇) in the African forests.
9．They are now facing a major (较重要的) problem how they finish the work on time.
10．The government is taking measures to turn the school into a good shelter (庇护所) for all the students.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．How will you use the limited (limit) time you have?
2．Changing schools did make a difference (differ) to my life.
3．He stopped in confusion (confuse) as everyone turned to look at him.
4．When I passed his house, I observed him playing (play) in his yard.
5．The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the upcoming Christmas party.
6．He got well­prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.
7．You can't imagine the difficulty he had passing (pass) the exam.
8．It took a long time to get across to the workers the way the system worked.
9．As the plane was ready to take off,_all the passengers fastened their seat belts.
10．She went to London with the aim of finding a job.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．The thief was observed open the window and run away. observed后加to
2．People differ from each other on their reaction to this problem. on→in
3．Confusing by the question, the boy turned to his teacher for further explanation. Confusing→Confused
4．I had the greatest difficulty with persuading him. with→in或去掉with
5．This activity is aiming at improving the students' ability of listening and speaking. aiming→aimed
6．I'm going to get down to study English this term. study→studying
7．As a matter of fact, there is a limit on what one person can tolerate. on→to
8．They are running out oil and the plane has to land on the field. out后加of
9．We invited her to dinner but she didn't turn on, which made us worried. on→up
10．A big fire broke down in the hotel last night, but all the people managed to escape from it.down→out
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Tom is studying_in_preparation_for the next examination.
汤姆正在学习，为下次考试做准备。
2．Only in this way can Internet voting make_a_real_difference.
只有用这种方式，互联网投票才能真正有意义。
3．They were determined to get there even at_the_risk_of_their_lives.
即使要冒生命危险，他们也决心要到那里去。
4．I'm too_happy_to_be_invited to your birthday party.
我非常高兴能被邀请参加你的生日聚会。
5．Go and ask the teacher for help if you have_difficulty/problems/trouble_
with_your_English.
假如你的英语有困难就去找老师帮忙。


本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自我”中的“冒险活动”子话题相对应

一、话题语素积累多一点

子话题——冒险活动

(一)浅易词汇温一温
①partner　　　②guide　　　 ③speak　　　④history
⑤passport ⑥insurance ⑦suitcase ⑧baggage
⑨travel tour ⑪region ⑫activity
⑬adventurer ⑭climber ⑮journey ⑯voyage

(二)生疏词汇记一记
①recruit vt.　　 招募　　　 ②recommend vt.　 推荐
③custom n. 习俗 ④culture n. 文化
⑤fluently adv. 流利地 ⑥tie vt. 系
⑦reserve vt. 预订 ⑧destination n. 目的地，终点
⑨danger n. 危险 ⑩exciting adj. 兴奋的
⑪freely adv. 自由地 ⑫fearlessness n. 无惧
⑬expedition n. 远征 ⑭outing n. 郊游，远足

(三)常用词块忆一忆
①along the Silk Road　　 　 沿着丝绸之路
②look for 寻找
③do much research 做大量研究
④every place of interest 每处名胜古迹
⑤jumping ability 弹跳力
⑥10­foot­wide abyss 10英尺宽的深渊
⑦at the edge of 在……边缘
⑧extreme sports 极限运动
⑨slow down 减慢
⑩on their boards 在滑板上
⑪do tricks 做花样
⑫sidewalk surfing 人行道冲浪
⑬make the sport popular 使运动流行
⑭bungee jumping 蹦极
⑮look forward to 盼望
⑯set out/off 出发
⑰book a room 预订房间
⑱put up 提供食宿
⑲check in 登记入住
⑳a dream trip 梦想之旅

(四)写作佳句背一背
①We'd like to ask your travel agency to arrange for us to take a two days' trip.
②As for the hotel, we hope that it's comfortable and provides some delicious local food.
③Some people like to choose group tour, while others prefer self­driving travel.
④With the improvement of people's living standard in recent years, they tend to choose to travel in their spare time.
二、话题书面表达亮一点
假定你是新华高级中学学生李华，在网上得知澳大利亚籍中学生David想来中国沿古代丝绸之路游览，他向网友征集旅伴兼向导。你有兴趣做他的旅伴兼向导，请给David写一封自荐信。内容要点如下：
1．自我介绍；
2．你的优势；
3．希望能成为David的旅伴兼向导。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　

[写作4步走]

第一步：句写对——给词写句

post, travel, recruit, tour partner, tour guide, recommend, along the Silk Road, do much research, every place of interest, include, history, custom, culture, speak, fluently, look for, look forward to, reply　　
1．我已从你的帖子里获悉。
I've_learned_from_your_post.
2．你想旅行并正在招募一位旅伴兼向导。
You_want_to_travel_and_are_recruiting_a_tour_partner_and_tour_guide._
3．我给你写信来推荐我自己。
I'm_writing_to_you_to_recommend_myself.
4．我是李华，我一直在旅行并一直想沿丝绸之路旅行。
I'm_Li_Hua._I_have_been_travelling_and_always_want_to_travel_along_the_Silk_Road.
5．我做了许多研究。
I've_done_much_research.
6．我对沿途的每个城镇和名胜古迹都十分了解。
I_know_much_about_every_town,_every_city_and_every_place_of_interest_along_the_road.
7．包括它们的历史、风俗和文化。
They_include_their_history,_customs_and_culture.
8．我能流利地说英语。
I_can_speak_English_fluently.
9．我相信我是对的人。
I_believe_that_I'm_the_right_person._
10．你正在寻找那个人。
You're_looking_for_the_person.
11．盼望着你的回复。
Looking_forward_to_your_reply.

第二步：量写够——语句扩充
12．添加书信常用开头语“你好吗？”
How_do_you_do?
13．在第2句中加上状语“在暑假期间沿着中国古代丝绸之路”。
You_want_to_travel_along_the_Ancient_Silk_Road_in_China_during_this_summer_holiday_and_are_recruiting_a_tour_partner_and_tour_guide.
14．在第4句中加入同位语“来自新华高级中学的一名学生”。
I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_High_School._I_have_been_travelling_and_always_want_to_travel_along_the_Silk_Road.
15．在第5句中加入时间状语“在我空闲的时间”。
I've_done_much_research_in_my_spare_time.

第三步：语写美——词句升格
16．用that引导的宾语从句合并第1句和第13句。
I've_learned_from_your_post_that_you_want_to_travel_along_the_Ancient_Silk_Road_in_China_during_this_summer_holiday_and_are_recruiting_a_tour_partner_and_tour_guide._
17．把第7句中的include改为非谓语动词短语，然后与第6句合并。
I_know_much_about_every_town,_every_city_and_every_place_of_interest_along_the_road,_including_their_history,_customs_and_culture._
18．用定语从句合并第9句与第10句。
I_believe_that_I'm_the_right_person_you're_looking_for.

第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用so， therefore， more importantly等词汇连句成文。
Dear_David，
How_do_you_do?_I've_learned_from_your_post_that_you_want_to_travel_along_the_Ancient_Silk_Road_in_China_during_this_summer_holiday_and_are_recruiting_a_tour_partner_and_tour_guide,_so_I'm_writing_to_you_to_recommend_myself.
I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_High_School._I_have_been_travelling_and_always_want_to_travel_along_the_Silk_Road._I've_done_much_research_in_my_spare_time._Therefore,_I_know_much_about_every_town,_every_city_and_every_place_of_interest_along_the_road,_including_their_history,_customs_and_culture._More_importantly,_I_can_speak_English_fluently.
I_believe_that_I'm_the_right_person_you're_looking_for._Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua



Ⅰ.根据提示填空
Exactly a decade has passed since a man called Oxygen first threw himself across America. Known for his ❶jumping_ability (弹跳力), Oxygen, a Czech, who jumped a nearly ❷10­foot­wide (10英尺宽的) abyss (深渊). Today, Petr Kops, 21, is wearing Oxygen's pants.“I did not know Oxygen personally, but my sister did，” Kops said.“I wear his trousers for good luck.”Minutes later, Kops was standing ❸at_the_edge_of (在……边缘) a 70­foot abyss called Broken Bones.
While it may seem suicidal (自杀的), jumping across a gap is actually an ❹extreme_sport (极限运动) that is gaining in popularity. Called rock jumping, or simply jumping, this ❺activity (active) is taking place in the Adrspach­Teplice Rocks, a remote nature reserve in the northeast part of the Czech Republic. Known for its 11 square miles of sandstone, the ❻region (regional) has been loved by lifelong rock ❼climbers (climb)．“The aim is to get to the top of as many towers as you can.” said Vladimir Prochazka, known as June Bug, a 59­year­old climber and a collector of Czech rock climbing histories.
Jumping is often the most possible way to get to the tower. In most cases, climbers jump with a rope ❽tied_(tie) around their waist. If they miss the landing — which is not uncommon — they will fall into the wall of the base tower.“Jumping requires ❾fearlessness (fearless)，” Prochazka said.“Broken or damaged bones are fairly common.” Still, there are those who prefer to experience by jumping without a rope. Among the most well­known of these adventurers (adventure) are Petr Prachtel and his wife, Zorka, who helped create the sport in the 1960s. They pioneered countless jumps, sometimes without the safety of a rope.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
extreme sports， slow down， on their boards， do tricks， danger， exciting， freely， sidewalk surfing， make the sport popular， bungee jumping
Some people say, “❶Extreme_sports are so dangerous. Why would anyone want to do them？” But the ❷danger is what makes them so ❸exciting. Keep reading to find out the most popular ones.
❹Bungee_jumping:_People on some South Pacific islands have been bungee jumping for hundreds of years. In 1979, some people bungee jumped off a bridge in England and ❺made_the_sport_popular around the world. Bungee jumping came to China in 1996.
Skateboarding: At first, this sport was called “❻sidewalk_surfing”. Skateboarders often jump high into the air, go down steps or slide (滑行) down rails ❼on_their_boards. They wear baggy trousers so they can move more ❽freely.
Skydiving: This is probably the scariest extreme sport. Skydivers jump out of airplanes about four kilometers up in the sky. They usually free fall for a while and then open a parachute to ❾slow_down for a safe landing.
Snowboarding：This became a Winter Olympic sport in 1998. People tied their feet to the board with special shoes. They don't use any ski sticks. Then they ride down hills, jump high and do_tricks.


一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心

Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2017·北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly (aimless) down the tree­lined street, not knowing where she was heading.
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Skilled workers also combine various (variety) hardwoods and metal to create special designs.
3．(2016·天津高考)I hate it when she calls me at work — I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.
4．(2016·浙江高考)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from that in the UK.
5．(2016·江苏高考)Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
6．(2014·天津高考)We won't start the work until all the preparations_(prepare) have been made.
7．(2014·天津高考)The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用take off, confuse, risk, observe, limit, run out of, different填空)
1．(2018·天津高考)From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and encouraged them. I helped them to see themselves __35__， and they built themselves into winners.____________
2．(2015·天津高考)My fiancé (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our funds were __16__， and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.____________
3．(2011·北京高考)Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the half of it! When I first started attending the practice sessions, I didn't even know the rules of the game, much less what I was doing. Sometimes I'd get __45__ and take a shot at the wrong direction — which made me feel really stupid.____________
4．(2011·安徽高考)Along the way, I realized that I had __49__ résumés (简历). Seeing this, the man stopped at his business partner's office to make me fifteen more copies.____________
5．(2010·重庆高考)When my grandson, Sam, was born, my heart was filled with joy. I had been sitting in a wheelchair for 20 years before then, and I have been seriously ill many times. So I wondered if I would have the time to tell Sam what I had __39__.____________
6．(2010·北京高考)Mrs. Neidl's motto that year was, “Try it. We can always paint over it later！”I began to take __45__. I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing — only things to be improved upon. ____________
7．(2009·陕西高考)He took big bites, and then a huge smile came across his face.“People are just like apples！They are all different, but once you __39__ the outside, they're pretty much the same on the inside.”____________
答案：1.differently　2.limited　3.confused　4.run out of　5.observed　6.risks　7.take off

二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度

新高考下的命题新视角：随着人们的旅游活动越来越普遍和频繁，“冒险活动”成为高考常考的一个热点话题。高考通过对此话题进行设题考查，是为了达到培养考生热爱生活、健康向上的目的。在平时的话题练习中，考生应多聚焦与冒险活动相关的一些素材。

[话题感悟]

学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加黑词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
(2016·全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding — undoubtedly first­rate photo­journalism — if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian­built three­master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well­researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott's last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchant­navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。1914年到1916年间，一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难，其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰块箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。
13．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?
A．They were made last week.
B．They showed undersea sceneries.
C．They were found by a cameraman.
D．They recorded a disastrous adventure.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句可知，这些照片记录了一次灾难性的冒险，故选D项。
14．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?
A．Frank Hurley.　　　　　 B．Ernest Shackleton.
C．Robert Falcon Scott. D．Caroline Alexander.
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比Robert Falcon Scott船长先前的探险更大的收获，该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断Robert Falcon Scott是最先到达南极的人，故选C项。
15．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?
A．Artistic creation. B．Scientific research.
C．Money making. D．Treasure hunting.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知这个作家在她的小说The Endurance中说，在那时，探险就已经是纯商业活动(a thoroughly commercial effort)了，因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱(money making)，故选C项。

学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
细节理解技法(3)——先读题，后读文
做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，因此考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。细节的直接辨认不要求考生对客观的事实做出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息，同时还要求考生记住重要的细节，在必要的时候(做出判断、推论或结论的时候)，能准确而迅速地将它们回忆起来。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“先题后文查读法”，即先读题，后读文。先从问题中抓住关键性词语，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。如上文第13题，根据题干关键信息词What和the photos，可以回到文章利用跳读的方法在文中查找含有关键信息的第二段第二句，根据此句内容，很快确定答案为D项。



Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·名校原创预测卷八)Armed with cameras and a truck, Jonathan Irish and Stefanie Payne went on a journey they called “The Greatest American Road Trip” as a nod to the National Park Service's 100th anniversary.
Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve
Location: Alaska
“We knew from day one that Gates of the Arctic was going to be one of the greatest challenges to do，” Payne says. “It's incredibly remote and lacks supportive infrastructure (基础设施). There are no established roads in the park. We only saw two souls during our 82­mile float down the Noatak River.”
Isle Royale National Park
Location: Michigan
“Visiting Isle Royal feels like an adventure from the very beginning，” Payne says. “To get there you have to cross Lake Superior by ferry or seaplane, and as soon as you land, with mainland Michigan gone from your sight, you get the sense that you're truly isolated (使隔离) from the outside world.”
North Cascades National Park
Location: Washington
North Cascades may be relatively unknown, but for Payne it was like coming home. “Washington is my home state, so I know this park well，” she explains. There she found the beauty she fell in love with in the past: “walls of trees; rocky, mountainous peaks; waterfalls for days; and blue lakes.”
National Park of American Samoa
Location: American Samoa
Later this year, the couple will visit the National Park of American Samoa. “It's hard to imagine that one of the national parks is closer to Australia than it is to the mainland United States，” says Payne. She thinks that its tropical terrain (地形) will be a welcome break after so much time on the road.
语篇解读：本文为应用文，介绍了Jonathan Irish和Stefanie Payne已经和将要参观的美国国家公园。
1．Why did Jonathan Irish and Stefanie Payne plan “The Greatest American Road Trip”？
A．To broaden their mind with adventures.
B．To enrich their knowledge about American parks.
C．To finish a task assigned by the National Park Service.
D．To celebrate the National Park Service's 100th anniversary.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“as a nod to the National Park Service's 100th anniversary”可知，Jonathan Irish和Stefanie Payne规划“最伟大的美国公路之旅”的目的是庆祝(美国)国家公园管理局成立一百周年。故选D。
2．What does the author say about Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve?
A．It may be hard to get to and explore.
B．It is the remotest national park in America.
C．Its beauty is far beyond visitors' imagination.
D．Its most famous attraction is the Noatak River.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve部分中的“It's incredibly remote and lacks supportive infrastructure (基础设施). There are no established roads in the park”可知，该公园非常偏远，缺乏支持性基础设施，而且公园中没有建好的道路。由此可推知，该公园可能是很难到达和探索的。故选A。
3．In what way is the National Park of American Samoa special?
A．It can only be accessed by plane.
B．It is the least visited national park.
C．It's already been visited by the couple.
D．It's located beyond the American mainland.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It's hard to imagine that one of the national parks is closer to Australia than it is to the mainland United States”可知，National Park of American Samoa坐落在离澳大利亚而不是美国大陆更近的地方，即National Park of American Samoa坐落在远离美国大陆的地方，故选D。
B
(2019·名校原创预测卷五)Recently I accepted a challenge to join Naasih, a motivational speaker, on a voyage through India designed to revitalize (使恢复生机) my spirit.After too many hours, Naasih and I arrived in the slum (贫民窟) just as the sun was breaking across the smoggy Delhi sky.It seemed as if the small houses extended for miles, an ocean of tin roofs and laundry lines.
Finally, Naasih stopped and turned to me.“Give me your bag，” he said.I handed it to him.I had promised to follow his directions, and in return, I was hoping to find whatever I thought was missing from my life.“I'll meet you back here at sunset，” Naasih said and walked away.
I began to walk through the streets.No one paid too much attention to the tall, hairless man walking among them.My throat was dry, my stomach turning over with hunger.And then I saw a small house and I knocked softly on the door.
A young, skinny man, no older than 25, came to answer it.As I soon found out, the man is named Sankar and he was a Lakers fan.I also learned that he was a recently graduated university student who had left his family to go after a dream of success in the big city.Instead, he had found work in the back of a restaurant.
After lunch, Sankar took me to play basketball with a group of children in a trash­filled field down the road.The sun was beginning to fall as the laughter of the basket games echoed (发出回声) across the slum.I had been so caught up in my day with Sankar.I had started the morning in fear and exhaustion, but I was ending the day connected to something much larger.
After the game, Sankar and I walked to Rata Road.There stood Naasih.He said, “You're shining, Leon.” I had been knocked entirely out of my comfort zone, and I felt that wild burst of life that had been missing from my own.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者Leon在贫民窟中一天的体验和经历让他找回了曾经迷失的自我的故事。
4．Why did the author come to Sankar's home?
A．To play a game with him.
B．To respond to Naasih's request.
C．To relieve his hunger and thirst.
D．To learn how disadvantaged people live.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My throat was dry, my stomach turning over with hunger.And then I saw a small house and I knocked”可知，在作者口渴、饥饿的情况下他看到了一个小房子，然后去敲了门。由此可知，作者之所以来到Sankar的家，是因为他想找些吃的和喝的来缓解自己饥饿、口渴的状态。故选C。
5．What can we learn about Sankar?
A．He doesn't live as he dreams.
B．He finds a good job in the city.
C．He studies cooking in university.
D．He has great talent for basketball.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“he was a recently graduated university student who had left ...in the back of a restaurant”可知，Sankar最近刚大学毕业，他远离家乡去大城市追求成功的梦想，然而却找到了在餐馆后厨帮忙的工作，即他现在的生活并非是梦想中的生活。故选A。
6．What does Naasih mean by saying “You're shining, Leon”？
A．Leon is an inspiration to him.
B．Leon has changed his state of mind.
C．Leon is popular among the children.
D．Leon is good at connecting with others.
解析：选B　句意理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I had started the morning in fear and exhaustion, but I was ending the day connected to something much larger”及最后一段的最后一句可知，在贫民窟度过一天后，Leon悟到了一些新的东西，不仅走出了自己的舒适区，而且找到了一直迷失的自我。故Naasih的这句话意在说明Leon心态的变化，故选B。
7．What is the best title of the passage?
A．A Voyage for Finding the Self
B．The Power of Sport Games
C．The Pleasure from Indian Slums
D．A Chance to Make Acquaintances
解析：选A　标题归纳题。纵观全文尤其是第一段中的“on a voyage ...to revitalize (使恢复生机) my spirit”及最后一段中的“I felt that wild burst of life that had been missing from my own”可知，本文主要讲的是作者通过自己在印度贫民窟度过的一天找到了迷失的自我的故事。故A项“发现自我之旅”作本文标题最佳。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·名校原创预测卷三)Bear is a stray (流浪的) dog and he was found on the streets with several wounds and injuries.Bear spent his days in a shelter, but he __1__ a forever home.As the days grew longer and Bear was still __2__， Wonder Dog Rescue saw his potential and __3__ to find him a loving home. With their help, Bear __4__ to heal both physically and emotionally. Weeks passed, __5__， Bear didn't find his forever home __6__ Michelle and Jonathan Lo contacted Wonder Dog Rescue.
Michelle was still __7__ from the death of her previous dog, and __8__ if she was ready to open her heart up to another dog. “After meeting Bear, we made a __9__ to give Bear a chance to be a(n) __10__ of our family，” she says. “The first month at home, Bear was still __11__ of strangers and nervous around the house.We __12__ that he didn't make any eye contact.He had no __13__ of how to play with toys and would __14__ wake up to check if we were still here.”
Now, __15__ some care and patience, Bear is coming alive almost four months after his __16__.He smiles from ear to ear whenever the family goes for walks and __17__ to play with his favorite Chuckit ball.
“Bear is now making friends, with both dogs and humans! From living on the streets with fear and wondering why he didn't have a(n) __18__， Bear is now living life as a happy dog.My husband and I are __19__ at the fact that with simple acts of kindness, a dog's whole life __20__.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述流浪狗Bear在被Michelle和她的丈夫收养之后，心灵得到慢慢治愈的故事。作者通过这件事告诉我们：简单的善举可能给一个生命带来巨大的变化。
1．A.recognized　　　　　　 B．desired
C．resisted D．designed
解析：选B　根据下文中的“a forever home”、“find him a loving home”、“Bear didn't find his forever home”可知，此处指的是Bear渴望有一个永久的家。desire“渴望”，符合语境。recognize“认识”； resist“抵制”； design“设计”。
2．A.homeless B．helpless
C．lifeless D．tireless
解析：选A　根据下文中的“Bear didn't find his forever home”可知，此处指Bear仍然无家可归。homeless“无家可归的”，符合语境。helpless“无助的”； lifeless“无生机的”； tireless“不知疲倦的”。
3．A.managed B．demanded
C．expected D．offered
解析：选D　根据上文中的“Wonder Dog Rescue saw his potential”和下文中的“With their help”可知，Wonder Dog Rescue看到了Bear的潜能，愿意提供帮助，帮它找一个充满爱的家。offer表示“愿意(做某事)”，符合语境。manage“设法完成”； demand“要求”； expect“期待”。
4．A.learned B．pretended
C．continued D．failed
解析：选C　根据上文中提到的Bear在大街上被发现时身上有伤，在动物收容所度过了一段时间的内容可知，在Wonder Dog Rescue的帮助下，Bear的身心继续康复。continue“继续”，符合语境。pretend“假装”； fail“未能，未做”。
5．A.however B．anyway
C．meanwhile D．otherwise
解析：选A　几周过去了，但是Bear还未找到它永久的家，直到Michelle和Jonathan Lo联系了Wonder Dog Rescue。however“但是”，符合语境。anyway“不管怎样，反正”； meanwhile“与此同时”； otherwise“否则，不然”。
6．A.when B．unless
C．until D．though
解析：选C　参见上题解析。
7．A.heartbroken B．ashamed
C．annoyed D．regretful
解析：选A　根据下文中的“from the death of her previous dog”可知，Michelle之前养的狗死了，她肯定是很伤心的，故heartbroken“极度悲伤的，心碎的”，符合语境。ashamed“惭愧的，羞愧的”； annoyed“恼怒的，生气的”； regretful“后悔的，遗憾的”。
8．A.discussed B．consulted
C．questioned D．wondered
解析：选D　根据语境可知，此处指Michelle不知道自己是否已经准备好向另一只狗敞开心扉。wonder“(对某事)感到疑惑，想要知道”，符合语境。discuss“讨论”； consult“咨询”； question“质问”。
9．A.compromise B．difference
C．decision D．suggestion
解析：选C　根据下文中的“The first month at home”可知，Michelle已经收养了Bear。由此可推知，此处指在见到Bear之后，Michelle他们决定给Bear一个机会，使它成为他们家的一员。make a decision“作出决定”，符合语境。make a compromise“作出妥协”； make a difference“有影响”； make a suggestion“提出建议”。
10．A.part B．guest
C．inspiration D．pleasure
解析：选A　参见上题解析。part“成员，部分”； guest“客人”； inspiration“启发灵感的事物”； pleasure“乐事”。
11．A.sick B．fearful
C．tolerant D．forgetful
解析：选B　根据上文提到的Bear是条流浪狗及最后一段中的“with fear”可知，初到Michelle家时，Bear很害怕陌生人。fearful“担心的，害怕的”，符合语境。sick“厌烦的，厌倦的”； tolerant“容忍的，宽容的”； forgetful“疏忽的，不经心的”。
12．A.remembered B．admitted
C．supposed D．noticed
解析：选D　Michelle他们注意到，Bear不与人进行眼神交流。notice“注意到”，符合语境。remember“记得”； admit“承认”； suppose“推断，假设”。
13．A.awareness B．intention
C．memory D．opinion
解析：选A　Bear不知道怎么玩玩具，而且它还会经常醒来看Michelle他们是否还在(家)。awareness“知道，意识”，符合语境。intention“打算，计划”； memory“记忆”。
14．A.eventually B．casually
C．constantly D．sadly
解析：选C　参见上题解析。eventually“最后，终于”； casually“随意地”； constantly“经常地，持续不断地”； sadly“不幸地，令人遗憾地”。
15．A.regardless of B．thanks to
C．apart from D．but for
解析：选B　由于Michelle他们对Bear的关爱和耐心，现在，在Bear被收养大约4个月之后，它活跃起来了。thanks to“由于，多亏”，符合语境。regardless of“不管，不顾”； apart from“除……之外”； but for“要不是”。
16．A.recovery B．struggle
C．adventure D．adoption
解析：选D　参见上题解析。recovery“康复”； struggle“努力”； adventure“冒险”； adoption“收养”。
17．A.agrees B．prefers
C．refuses D．determines
解析：选B　每当Michelle一家出去散步时Bear都咧着嘴笑，而且它喜欢玩它最爱的Chuckit球。prefer“更喜欢”，符合语境。agree“同意”； refuse“拒绝”； determine“决定”。
18．A.family B．friend
C．company D．owner
解析：选A　上文中多次出现的“family”暗示此处表示Bear想知道它为什么没有一个家。family“家”，符合语境。company“公司”； owner“主人”。
19．A.amused B．skilful
C．amazed D．expert
解析：选C　令Michelle和她的丈夫感到惊讶的是，简单的善举就能使一只狗的一生发生转变。amazed“惊讶的”，符合语境。amused“逗笑的”； skilful“熟练的”； expert“内行的”。
20．A.turns back B．turns out
C．turns off D．turns around
解析：选D　参见上题解析。turn back“(使)折回”； turn out“结果为”； turn off“离开(道路)”； turn around“转变”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·名校原创预测卷八)Henry Bond was about ten years old when his father died. His mother found it difficult to support a large family, but still everything __1__ (leave) in her care. By good management, she managed __2__ (send) Henry to school and supply him, for the most part, __3__ books he needed.
At one time, however, Henry wanted a grammar book, and his mother couldn't afford it. He became very __4__ (worry), and went to bed with a heavy heart. On waking in the morning, he found that a deep snow had fallen, and the cold wind was blowing __5__ (fierce). Then an idea struck him.
He rose and ran to the house of __6__ neighbor, offering his service to clear a path around his house. The offer was accepted. __7__ (complete) this work and received his pay, he went to another place for the same purpose, and then to another, __8__ he earned enough to buy a grammar book.
When school began, Henry was ready to begin the lesson in his new book. From that time, Henry was always the first in all his __9__ (class). He knew no such word as “fail”， and always __10__ (succeed) in all he had tried. Having the will, he always found the way.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Henry Bond家境贫寒，一次，在母亲没钱为他买语法书的情况下，他通过自己的劳动赚钱买语法书来继续自己的学业。
1．was left　考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处指一切都留给她打理。此处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；everything与leave之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was left。
2．to send　考查非谓语动词。manage to do sth.是固定用法，意为“努力完成某事，成功做某事”。故填to send。
3．with　考查介词。此处指Henry的母亲给他提供大部分他需要的书。supply sb. with sth.＝supply sth. to sb.“给某人提供某物”，是固定搭配。
4．worried　考查形容词。他很发愁，心情沉重地去睡觉了。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，应用形容词，故填worried“担忧的，发愁的”。
5．fiercely　考查副词。应用副词修饰动词。fiercely“猛烈地”。
6．a　考查冠词。他起床，然后跑到一户邻居家，提出要帮他在房子周围清理出一条路。neighbor在文中第一次提到，此处表示泛指，且因neighbour的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
7．Having completed　考查非谓语动词。完成这项工作并得到应有的报酬后，Henry为同样的目的去了另一个地方。he与complete之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，且complete的动作发生在went之前，故用现在分词的完成式在句中作状语。
8．until　考查状语从句。此处指直到他赚到足够的钱来买语法书。until“直到……”，在此引导时间状语从句。
9．classes　考查名词复数。从那时起，Henry在他所有的课程里都是第一名。根据句中的“all”可知此处应用名词复数形式。
10．succeeded　考查时态。根据句中的“knew”“had tried”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填succeeded。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2019·名校原创预测卷二)Volunteering has a positive effect in our community. It is greatly benefit to us in several ways. First of all, volunteering can let us to learn more about society and gain valuable experience. Secondly, volunteering provides us with a good opportunity to put what we had learned to good use. I hope more and more students will active join the volunteer club of our school. Let's care for the old and disabled people around us by offer a helping hand. Let's clean the parks near their home. Let's go to nursing homes to bring love to people which are in need. Remember, we can make difference to society if we are willing to help others. So let's take actions.
答案：第一句：in→on
第二句：benefit→beneficial
第三句：去掉to
第四句：had→have
第五句：active→actively
第六句：offer→offering
第七句：their→our
第八句：which→who/that
第九句：difference前加a
第十句：actions→action