2020版高考英语新创新一轮复习北师大版讲义：必修3Unit9Wheels

Unit 9 Wheels




一、课前基础自查

(一)分类记单词——省时高效

Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．cyclist n．　　 　　　骑自行车的人
2．motorist n. 驾驶汽车的人
3．pedestrian n. 行人
4．chip n. 集成电路片，硅片
5．ambassador n. 大使
6．interpreter n. 译员，口译者
7．southeast n. 东南，东南方
8．jam n. 阻塞，拥挤
9．traffic jam 交通阻塞，塞车
10．minibus n. 小巴
11．plus prep. 加，加上
12．solar adj. 太阳的，太阳光的
13．ferry n. 渡船
14．per adj. 每，每一
15．non­smoking adj. 禁止吸烟的
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．therefore adv. 所以，因此
2．arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留
3.thief n．　　　　　　贼，小偷
4．insert vt. 插入，嵌入
5．platform n. 站台，月台
6．gentle adj. 和善的，温和的
7．fierce_adj. 凶狠的，凶恶的
8．vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量
9．schedule_n. 时间表；进度表
10．timetable n. 时间表
11．foolish adj. 愚蠢的
12．hostess_n. 女主人
13．crossing n. 交叉路口，人行横道
14．content_n. 容纳的东西；目录
15．amount_n. 数量
16．physical adj. 身体的；物质的
17．figure_n. 数字，数目
18．engine n. 发动机，引擎
19．whichever pron. 无论哪个
20．damage_ vt.&n. 损害，损失
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．convenient adj.方便的，便利的→convenience n．方便，便利
2．argue vi.争辩，争吵→argument n．理由；依据；争论，争辩
3．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的→sense n．感觉
4．responsibility n．负责，责任，职责→responsible adj.负责的→response n．反应
5．impression n．印象，感觉→impress vt.给某人留下深刻印象，使铭记→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的；感人的
6．reliable adj.可靠的→rely vi.依靠，依赖
7．appreciate vt.欣赏；感谢→appreciation n．感激，评价
8．addicted adj.沉溺于……的→addict vi. & n．使沉溺，使上瘾；瘾君子→addiction n．瘾，沉溺，癖好→addictive adj.上瘾的
9．occupy vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等)；担任→occupation n．职业
10．suit vt.适合→suitable adj.适合的
11．hopeful adj.(人)抱有希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地→hope vt.希望
12．benefit vi.& n．得益；好处→beneficial adj.有好处的
13．actually adv.实际地，真实地→actual adj.实际的
[语境活用]
1．Tom's parents are worried that he is addicted to the computer games which are addictive to children.(addict)
2．He has a decent occupation and occupies an important position in the company.(occupy)
3．Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help so our software must be reliable.(rely)
4．My house is in a convenient place — near the station; please come to me at your earliest convenience.(convenient)
5．Do you ever argue with your family about which TV programme to watch？Last night, my parents and I had a huge argument,_and I was really upset about it.(argue)
6．As we all know, fresh air is beneficial to our health and the new park benefits us all, so we should keep it clean.(benefit)
7．So charming are the sights of Jiuzhaigou that they leave a deep impression on visitors from home and abroad. To tell you the truth, I am deeply impressed by its beautiful scenery.(impress)
8．We'll be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.(responsible)
(二)练中记短语——记牢用活

写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.fed_up　　　　　　　不愉快的，厌烦的
2．work_out 做运动，锻炼身体；制订出
3．thanks_to 由于，因为
4．pull_up (车辆)停止，停车
5．pull_out (火车)驶离车站，出站
6．so_far 迄今为止
7．take_place 发生；举行
8．go_up 上升
9．take_part_in 参加
10．take_action 采取行动
11．rely_on 依赖，依靠
12．be_addicted_to 沉溺于
13．on_average 通常；平均
14．compared_to 与……相比
15．be_related_to 与……有关
1.On_average,_I spend 100 yuan on books each month.
2．So_far I haven't had any success. However, I'll keep trying.
3．Many people are expecting their income to go_up soon in order to make ends meet.
4．The driver had to pull_up his taxi when he saw the traffic light turned red.
5．When you began to work, you might work_out a practical scheme.
6．Mary told me straight out that she was fed_up and wanted to leave.
7．Now that you are grown­up, you should not rely_on your parents.
8．The talk is scheduled to take_place tomorrow morning at eight o'clock.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本

教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.
无论人们在哪里骑完一段路程，他们就把那辆自行车放在那里，以便别人能够使用。
wherever在句中引导地点状语从句。
无论他走到哪里，总有许多“粉丝”等着见他。
Wherever_he_goes,_there are crowds of fans waiting to see him.
2.How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out, tired and angry?
有多少次我们是在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校的？
过去分词或形容词(短语)作状语。
又惊又怕，汤姆从房间里跑了出去。
Surprised_and_afraid,_Tom ran out of the room.
3.But anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs of the motor car.
但是比起汽车的实际代价，恼怒和紧张还是微不足道的。
compared to ... 在句中作状语，意为“与……相比”。
和美国文化相比，中国文化有着更为悠久的历史。
Compared_to_American_culture,_Chinese culture has a longer history.
4.In conclusion, on the one hand Ludford is an attractive town with good shops and many places of interest. On the other hand, the local governments need to do something to control the traffic which passes through the town.
总之，一方面，路孚德是一个有着优良商店和众多名胜的迷人小镇。另一方面，当地政府有必要采取措施来控制途经镇区的车辆。
on (the) one hand ... on the other (hand) ...“一方面……另一方面……”。
(2014·四川高考书面表达)一方面，我坚信会在考试中做得很好；另一方面，虽然不难，我仍感觉有点紧张。
On_(the)_one_hand,_I have strong belief that I will do well in the exam; on_the_other_hand,_I feel a bit nervous, though it's not difficult.
5.Before 1908, when Ford's cars became available to the public, it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.
1908年福特汽车问世以前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。
“It was ...who/that ...”为强调句型。
(2015·湖南高考书面表达)结果，是他的鼓励促成了我的成功。
As a result, it_was_his_encouragement_that_led to my success.


二、课堂重点深化



1．benefit vi.& n．得益；有益于；好处
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①As we all know, books are the source of knowledge, from which I benefit a lot.
②In fact, music education is beneficial (benefit) and important for all students.
句型转换
③I hope this holiday will be beneficial to you.
→I hope this holiday will be of benefit to you.
完成句子
④As everyone knows, sports are_beneficial_to building up our bodies.
众所周知，体育活动对强身健体有益。
　[系统归纳]
(1)benefit sb.　　　　　　　　　使某人受益
benefit from/by ... 从……中受益
(2)be of (great) benefit (to ...) (对)……(大)有裨益
for the benefit of ... 为了……的利益
get benefit from ... 从……中受益
(3)beneficial adj. 有益的；受益的
be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤A stay in the country will be beneficial for his health.for→to
佳句时时写
⑥(2013·天津高考书面表达)如果我有幸当选，我将尽最大努力为同学们和俱乐部的利益服务。
If_I_am_lucky_enough_to_be_elected,_I_will_make_every_effort_to_serve_for_the_benefit_of_students_and_our_club.
2．convenient adj.方便的，便利的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①You may send me an answer at your earliest convenience.
②I buy this apartment for convenience (convenient), for it is very convenient for me to_take (take) the subway.
一句多译
如果你方便的话，应该多进行户外运动。
③If it_is_convenient_for_you,_you should do more outdoor exercise.(convenient)
④If it_is_at_your_convenience,_you should do more outdoor exercise.(convenience)
　[系统归纳]
(1)It is convenient for sb.to do sth.
做某事对某人来说方便　
(2)convenience n. [U]便利，方便；
[C]方便好用的东西
for convenience 为了方便起见
为了某人方便
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候，
在合适的时候
　[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
⑤The most convenient parking is off Church Street. 近处的；近便的
佳句时时写
⑥(2015·陕西高考书面表达)如果你感兴趣，请在你方便的时候将申请邮件发送到陈老师的邮箱：chenlaoshi@aef.com。
If_you_are_interested,_please_send_an_application_email_at_your_earliest_convenience_to_Ms_Chen_at_chenlaoshi@aef.com.
3．argue vi.争辩，争吵vt.坚决主张，提出理由证明；说服，劝说
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①As far as I know, they argue for the right to vote.
②I argue that every one of us (should)_try (try) our best to help those in need.
③He argued against smoking and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.
④When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument (argue)．
完成句子
⑤He was unhappy because many people argued_against_his_plan (反对他的计划)．
⑥It is beyond_argument (无可争论) that there are still millions of people leading a hard life with hunger and coldness.
　[系统归纳]
(1)argue with sb. about/over sth.
就某事与某人争论　　　 　
argue that ... 主张/认为……
argue for/against ... 为赞成/反对……而辩论
argue sb.into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
argue sb.out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事
(2)argument n. 争论，辩论；论据，论点，理由
have an argument
beyond argument 　　　 无可争论
　[重点强化]
易错对处处防
⑦He argued the waiter about the check.argued后加with
佳句时时写
⑧(2015·江苏高考书面表达)一些人主张应该多注意我们拥堵的道路交通。
Some_people_argued_that_more_attention_should_be_paid_to_our_heavy_road_traffic.
4．appreciate vt.欣赏，鉴赏；感激，感谢；理解，体会
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I'd appreciate your writing (write) me back as soon as possible.
②I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
③Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) for helping me find the lost suitcase.
　[系统归纳]
(1)appreciate sth.　　　　　 　 欣赏某物；感谢某事
appreciate (sb./sb.'s) doing sth.　 感谢(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 如果……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④I would appreciate if you could deliver the goods to me immediately.appreciate后加it
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·陕西高考书面表达)如果你能给我这样一次机会来展示我的能力，我将不胜感激。
I_really_appreciate_it_if_you_could_give_me_such_an_opportunity_to_show_my_talent.
[名师指津]　appreciate表示“感激”时，后面要跟动词­ing形式作宾语，而且后面的宾语一般是事情或it，不跟sb.。appreciate sb.意为“重视，赏识某人”，如果表示“感激某人”用thank sb.。
5．amount n．数量，数目；总额vi.合计，共计
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Proper amounts of childcare do (do) good to grandparents.
②A good amount of sleep every night is (be) also important for your health.
③The total sales of the company didn't amount to more than a million dollars.
④This type of TV has been sold in large/small amounts.
　[系统归纳]
(1)a large/small amount of＋不可数名词　　　大/少量的(作主语时谓语用单数)
large/small amounts of＋不可数名词
大/少量的(作主语时谓语用复数)
in large amounts 大量地
(2)amount to 合计；共计；等同于
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Every year large amounts of water has been wasted in our daily life. has→have
佳句时时写
⑥(2014·广东高考书面表达)这些钱是她所有的积蓄。她可以省下这么多钱，因为她的生活很简单。
The_money_was_all_her_savings.She_could_save_such_a_large_amount_of_money_because_she_lived_a_very_simple_life.
6．addicted adj.沉溺于……的；上瘾的
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending (send) and receiving messages.
②Her son addicted himself to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.
③I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I find it quite addictive (addict)．
句式升级
④He was addicted to playing the violin and didn't notice a thief walk into his house.(用现在分词作状语)
→Addicting_himself_to_playing_the_violin,_he_didn't_notice_a_thief_walk_into_his_house.
　[系统归纳]
(1)be/become/get addicted to
对……上瘾，沉溺于……(to是介词)
(2)addict vt. 使沉溺，沉溺于
　n. 有瘾的人；入迷的人
addict oneself to 沉溺于……
(3)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的，使……入迷的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤She has been addicting herself to drink since she broke up with her boyfriend.drink→drinking
佳句时时写
⑥(2018·北京高考书面表达)一旦参与其中，他们立刻就沉迷于迷人的茶文化。
Once_involved_in_it,_they_were_addicted_to_the_charming_tea_culture_right_now.
7．admit vt.承认，供认；准许……入内；准许……加入；可容纳
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①You have to admit the performance to_be (be) wonderful.
②The young man had to admit driving/having_driven (drive) without a driving permit.
③The young man tried to enter a nightclub, but was refused admission_(admit)．
一句多译
他承认违反了交通规则。
④He_admitted_breaking_the_traffic_rules.(admit doing)
⑤He_admitted_having_broken_the_traffic_rules.(admit having done)
⑥He_admitted_that_he_had_broken_the_traffic_rules.(admit that)
　[系统归纳]
(1)admit doing/having done/that ... 承认做过……
admit ... to be ...　　　　 承认……是……
admit sb./sth.into/to 允许某人/某物进入
(2)be admitted as 作为……被接受
be admitted to/into 加入；进入；被……录取
(3)admission n. 准许进入；承认
　[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
⑦The dining hall to be completed next month can admit 1,000 students. 容纳
佳句时时写
⑧(2014·四川高考书面表达)考试结果可能会正如所预料得那样，我被我最喜爱的大学录取的梦想将会成为现实。
The_exams_are_likely_to_work_out_as_expected_and_my_dream_to_be_admitted_to_my_favorite_university_will_come_true.
8．occupy vt.居住；占用，使用；占领；使忙碌，使从事
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I have been so occupied with work that I haven't had time for social activities.
②The areas under occupation (occupy) contained major industrial areas.
句型转换
She is occupied in looking after three children at home, so she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.
③Occupied in looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.
④Occupying herself in looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.
　[系统归纳]
(1)occupy sb./oneself with sth./in doing sth.
使某人忙于某事
sb.be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 某人忙于某事
(2)occupation n. 占领；职业
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑤Occupying in writing his paper, he didn't notice that it's time to have lunch.Occupying后加himself或Occupying→Occupied
佳句时时写
⑥(2014·四川高考书面表达)一般来说，进入高三的那一刻，我们就忙于复习和准备高考，这被认为是一个至关重要的时期。
Generally_speaking,_we_are_occupied_in_reviewing_and_preparing_for_the_College_Entrance_Examination_the_moment_we_enter_senior_three,_which_is_considered_a_vital_period.



1．work out锻炼身体，做运动；解决，解答；计算出；产生结果，发展；制订出
　[自主体验]
写出下列句中work out的含义
①The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning. 锻炼身体
②Neither the teacher nor his students know how to work out the problem. 解决，解答
③The area can be easily worked out if you know the length and the width. 计算出
④The research centre worked out a new plan and decided to carry it out immediately.制订出
⑤You can't predict everything. Often things don't work out as you expect. 产生结果
单句语法填空
⑥Scientists are still working on inventing methods of reaching outer space.
⑦He has been out of work for two months and he was desperate for a job.
　[系统归纳]
work on　　　　　　 从事……，继续……
work at 从事/致力于……
out of work 失业
at work 在工作中
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑧We'd better discuss everything in detail before we work on a plan.on→out
佳句时时写
⑨(2016·江苏高考书面表达)如果我们能制定一些让人们遵守的参与规则，事情就会好转。
Things_will_turn_for_the_better_if_we_can_work_out_some_participation_rules_for_people_to_obey.
[名师指津]　work out作“解决；制订出”讲时，是及物动词短语，可以接宾语；作“锻炼；产生结果”时，为不及物动词短语，没有被动形式。
2．rely on依赖，依靠；指望
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time.
②Many people now would rely on surfing (surf) the Internet rather than read newspaper for news.
③Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children, which makes the children rely on their parents badly.
句型转换
We rely on his finishing the work today.
④We rely on him to finish the work today.
⑤We rely on it that he will finish the work today.
　[系统归纳]
rely on/upon sb./sth.　　　　　 依靠某人/某物
rely on/upon sb.to do/doing sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事
rely on/upon sb.for sth. 因某事依赖某人
rely on/upon it that ... 相信……；指望……
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥You can rely on that he can do you a favor.on后加_it
佳句时时写
⑦(2016·江苏高考书面表达)其次，这类投票并不取决于竞争对手的优势，而是取决于他们拥有多少社交网络资源。
Secondly,_voting_of_this_kind_does_not_rely_on_the_strong_points_of_the_competitors,_but_rather_on_how_many_social­networking_resources_they_have.
3．pull up (车辆)停止，停车；拔出；提高，改进；责怪
　[系统归纳]
pull down　　 拉下(遮帘、帘子等)；拆毁，拆掉(建筑物)
pull off (费力气)脱掉(衣服)
pull out (火车)驶离车站，出站
pull through 渡过难关，摆脱危险
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(介、副词填空)
①Everyone was very concerned whether he would pull through or not.
②The father saw the train his son was on pull out,_with his eyes full of tears.
③Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down_has remained controversial; people are still looking for other possible solutions.
④We soon pulled up by the house and I told her what it was like here.
佳句时时写
⑤(2015·福建高考书面表达)我们应该努力通过学习提高自己，为将来做好准备。
We_should_take_pains_to_pull_up_ourselves_through_learning_and_get_prepared_for_the_future.
4．强调句型
　[教材原句]　Before 1908, when Ford's cars became available to the public, it_was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.
　[自主体验]
①You are waiting at a wrong place.It_is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.
你等错地方了，长途公共汽车是在旅馆接游客的。
②Was_it because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry?
是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？
③What_was_it_that prevented him from coming in time?
是什么使得他没及时来到？
④It_was_not_until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environmental protection.
直到河里所有的鱼都死光了，他们才意识到环保是多么重要。
　[归纳点拨]

用法规则
(1)强调句式的构成：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who ...，当被强调的部分为主语时，句子的谓语动词与被强调的主语保持一致。
(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who ...?
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that/who ...?
(4)对“not ...until ...”进行强调时，应使用句型“It is/was not until ...that ...”。当not until ...置于句首时，句子要用倒装。
注意事项
(1)强调句型通常用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，不能强调谓语。对句子的谓语动词强调时用“do/does/did＋动词原形”。
(2)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：把it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，句子完整，则为强调句。

　[佳句背诵]
①(精彩开头句)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)I know it is one of Chinese traditional art forms — paper­cutting that you are interested in.So I invite you to attend an exhibition of it.
②(增分要点句)(2016·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)I have already finished my application and resume.But this is the first time that I have written an application and the personal resume, so I don't know what it is that I should pay attention to.
③(增分要点句)(2014·辽宁高考满分作文)It is your contributions that certainly make the event a huge success.



Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She has a large English vocabulary (词汇量) at command.
2．A man has been arrested (逮捕) in connection with the robbery.
3．Therefore (因此), I am responsible for myself and for everyone else.
4．The police acknowledged that three police vehicles were damaged (损害)．
5．The task will be finished ahead of schedule (进度表) if nothing prevents.
6．Bill was doing a lot of physical (身体的) exercise to build up his strength.
7．I wondered whether he had already known the contents (内容) of my telegram.
8．Every time I try to start the engine (发动机), there's a strange knocking sound.
9．He took a small key from his pocket and slowly inserted (插入) it into the lock.
10．It is difficult to quantify an exact figure (数字) as firms are unwilling to declare their losses.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We are always arguing with each other about money.
2．These athletes work out at the gym for two hours every day.
3．Our football team decided to admit him to_be (be) one of the members.
4．We really appreciate your coming (come) to attend our wedding ceremony.
5．Many towns have camping places for the convenience (convenient) of tourists.
6．They are not my children, but I still feel_responsible (responsibility) for them.
7．It's best to buy vegetables in large amounts because they are cheaper now.
8．Parents must represent the risk of getting addicted to the Internet to their children.
9．With these kind neighbors' help, the poor family managed to pull through the starvation.
10．Another beneficial (benefit) aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．I'll visit you next weekend if it is convenient to you. to→for
2．Some patients actual got worse after receiving the treatment. actual→actually
3．At that time, small amounts of land was used for keeping animals. was→were
4．I appreciate given the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
given前加being
5．The bus that pulled through outside the bus station would soon take them downtown.
through→up
6．I feel that I have benefited greatly to her wisdom. to→from
7．Addicting to Chinese culture, he decided to learn Chinese in a night school. Addicting→Addicted或Addicting后加himself
8．You can rely on that it will rain this weekend. on后加it
9．Exhausting, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. Exhausting→Exhausted
10．It was not until he came back which we got the news. which→that
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Will it_be_convenient_for_you to chat with me on the Internet tonight?
你今晚方便和我网上聊天吗？
2．He went to bed, cold_and_hungry.
他又冷又饿地上床睡觉了。
3．It_was_not_until_last_Friday_that he finished reading the book.
直到上周五他才看完这本书。
4．Wherever_he_goes,_he can accommodate himself to new circumstances.
无论走到哪里，他都能适应新环境。
5．I_would_appreciate_it_if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
如果你能就如何解决这些问题给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。


本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“交通”子话题相对应

一、话题语素积累多一点

子话题——交通

(一)浅易词汇温一温
①line　　　②travel　　　③traveler　　 ④car
⑤rule ⑥truck ⑦traffic ⑧carriage
⑨subway ⑩aircraft ⑪flight ⑫helicopter
⑬service ⑭price ⑮passenger ⑯railway
⑰popular ⑱wide ⑲arrive ⑳safety

(二)生疏词汇记一记
①distance n．　　距离　　　 ②catch vt.　　　　 赶上
③guarantee vt. 保证 ④develop vt. 开发；进步
⑤popularity n. 普及，流行 ⑥benefit n. 利益，好处
⑦monthly adj. 每月的 ⑧available adj. 可获得的
⑨impact n. 影响 ⑩convenient adj. 方便的
⑪highway n. 公路 ⑫comfortable adj. 舒适的
⑬consumption n. 消费；消耗 ⑭reasonable adj. 合理的
⑮offer vt. 提供 ⑯first­class adj. 一流的
⑰transport n. 运输 ⑱crash n. 撞车；碰撞
⑲vehicle n. 车辆

(三)常用词块忆一忆
①make a reservation　　　　　 预定
②pay for 为……付钱
③car sharing 拼车
④make a big trip to 做一次到……大旅行
⑤have access to 接近……
⑥high­speed transport 高速运输
⑦the global traffic volume 全球交通量
⑧traffic congestion 交通拥堵
⑨account for (在数量、比例上)占
⑩traffic jam 交通堵塞
⑪take the CRH train 乘坐高铁
⑫run at high speed 高速运行
⑬on schedule 按时
⑭through many channels 通过许多渠道
⑮have a good journey 旅途愉快
⑯express train 特快列车
⑰parking lot 停车场
⑱traffic signal/light 交通信号灯

(四)写作佳句背一背
①It takes me about 15 minutes to walk there but 5 minutes by bus.
②Many people would choose to take a taxi instead of walking or riding a bike.
③With the improvement of people's living conditions, more and more families have their own cars.
④It's high time we chose another better means of transport.
二、话题书面表达亮一点


假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想来中国旅行，他写信向你了解他到北京后乘坐何种交通工具旅行比较适宜。请你给他写封回信，建议他乘坐高铁。建议理由：
1．便捷、准点；
2．舒适、安全；
3．购票方便、价格适宜。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：中国高铁 CRH (China Railway High­speed)；
自助售票机 self­service ticket machine
Dear Peter，
I'm expecting you to come to China.__________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　

[写作4步走]

第一步：句写对——给词写句

take the CRH train, develop, popular, line, convenient, travel, wide, comfortable, run at high speed, arrive, on schedule, guarantee, safety, traveler, through many channels, price, reasonable, offer, first­class, service, passenger, have a good journey　　
1．你最好坐高铁去。
You'd_better_take_the_CRH_train._
2．现在在中国它已得到了很好的发展并且很受欢迎。
It_has_been_well_developed_and_becomes_popular_in_China_nowadays.
3．它有很多不同的线路。
It_has_lots_of_different_lines.
4．旅行对你来说很方便。
It_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel.
5．中国高铁宽敞、舒适且高速运行。
The_CRH_trains_are_wide,_comfortable_and_run_at_high_speed.
6．它们按时到达并能保证旅客的安全。
They_arrive_on_schedule_and_guarantee_the_safety_of_travelers.
7．通过许多渠道买票很容易。
To_get_tickets_through_many_channels_is_easy._
8．票价合理。
Prices_of_tickets_are_reasonable._
9．它为乘客提供一流的服务。
It_offers_first­class_services_to_passengers._
10．我相信你将会有一次愉快的旅行。
I_am_sure_you_will_have_a_good_journey.

第二步：量写够——语句扩充
11．在第1句前加入时间状语从句“当你到达北京时”。
When_you_arrive_in_Beijing,_you'd_better_take_the_CRH_train.
12．在第4句中加入地点状语从句“无论你想去哪里”。
It_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_wherever_you_want_to_go.
13．在第7句中加入列举的事项“例如通过电话、互联网或自助售票机”。
To_get_tickets_through_many_channels,_such_as_by_telephone,_through_the_Internet,_or_on_the_self­service_ticket_machine_is_easy.

第三步：语写美——词句升格
14．用which引导的定语从句合并第2句与第11句。
When_you_arrive_in_Beijing,_you'd_better_take_the_CRH_train,_which_has_been_well_developed_and_becomes_popular_in_China_nowadays.
15．把第13句改为it作形式主语。
It_is_easy_to_get_tickets_through_many_channels,_such_as_by_telephone,_through_the_Internet,_or_on_the_self­service_ticket_machine.
16．用词汇enjoy替换第10句中have，然后用并列连词and合并第9句与第10句。
It_offers_first­class_services_to_passengers_and_I_am_sure_you_will_enjoy_a_good_journey.

第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用so， besides等词汇连句成文。
Dear_Peter，
I'm_expecting_you_to_come_to_China._When_you_arrive_in_Beijing,_you'd_better_take_the_CRH_train,_which_has_been_well_developed_and_becomes_popular_in_China_nowadays.
It_has_lots_of_different_lines,_so_it_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_wherever_you_want_to_go._The_CRH_trains_are_wide,_comfortable_and_run_at_high_speed._They_arrive_on_schedule_and_guarantee_the_safety_of_travelers._It_is_easy_to_get_tickets_through_many_channels,_such_as_by_telephone,_through_the_Internet,_or_on_the_self­service_ticket_machine._Besides,_prices_of_tickets_are_reasonable._It_offers_first­class_services_to_passengers_and_I_am_sure_you_will_enjoy_a_good_journey.
Yours，
Li_Hua



Ⅰ.根据提示填空
The amount of time that people spend on travel is 1.1 hours per person per day in all societies. The average ❶distance (distant) traveled is 7,400 miles (12,000 km) per year. In total, the world population travels more than 16.6 trillion miles (23 trillion km) per year, 53% of which is by car, 26% by bus, 9% by rail, 9% by ❷high­speed_transport (高速运输) such as airplanes, and 3% by bicycle, boat and other means.
It is estimated (估计) that, due to developments in high­speed public transport, travel time will drop to only 12 minutes per person per day by 2050. Of ❸the_global_traffic_volume (全球交通量), 35% will be by car, 20% by bus, 41% by high­speed transport, and 4% by rail.
At present, ❹traffic_congestion (交通拥堵) has a huge negative economic and environmental ❺impact (影响) across the world. Road congestion in the UK costs the UK economy ￡15 billion a year. It costs the US ＄100 billion a year. In Seattle, Washington for instance, a ❻driver (司机) spends an average (平均) of 59 hours caught in traffic each year. In the greater Seattle area there are more cars than people; each household makes an average of 10 motorcar trips a day. According to Sierra Club，“American cars and trucks ❼account_for (占) 20 percent of the world's petroleum ❽consumption (consume)．”
The US has the most ❾highways (highway), but European roads are busier. In Europe, cars travel more than 600 miles (1,000 km) per road per year, compared to an average of 500 km per road in the US. The world's worst traffic_jam (交通堵塞) usually occurs during the summer on the road from Paris to Toulouse, France.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
popularity， benefit， monthly， service， available， make a reservation， pay for， car sharing， make a big trip to， have access to
Car sharing is another way to drive green that's gaining in ❶popularity,_especially in urban areas. People who may not drive every day but still want a car to run errands (差事) or drive on weekends benefit most from ❷car_sharing. Car sharing is usually run by a ❸service like Zipcar, though there are non­profit and informal car sharing services. Members pay a monthly fee and ❹have_access_to an entire fleet of cars when they need one. The cars are parked in fixed spots around the city, so members only need to ❺make_a_reservation,_and then go to the pick­up spot.
Car sharing has major environmental ❻benefits because it lessens the number of cars on the road. Members don't drive just because they have a car. They plan trips, and if they don't need a car, they don't use one. Still, a car is ❼available to them if they need to ❽make_a_big_trip_to the grocery store, pick someone up at the airport or if they want to go to the beach for the day. Members also benefit by having access to a car without any of the headaches of ownership. They usually don't have to ❾pay_for gas, insurance or maintenance (保养)，and the monthly membership fee is less than a typical car payment. So if you really want to go green but aren't ready to totally give up a car yet, car sharing may be the way to go.



一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心

Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits (beneficial) as other sports, so perhaps we should all give it a try.
2．(2018·江苏高考)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e­mailing each other, for we will have developed more convenient (convenience) electronic communication tools by then.
3．(2018·天津高考)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
4．(2014·江苏高考)I can't meet you on Sunday. I'll be otherwise occupied (occupy)．
5．(2014·浙江高考)Joe is proud and stubborn, never admitting (admit) he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.
6．(2014·陕西高考)To work out the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
7．(2010·广东高考)Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is_appreciation (appreciate).
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(选用appreciate, occupy, argument, be addicted to, thanks to, admit填空)
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Lindsey's husband was totally astonished by the unexpected visit. “I don't think we would have randomly invited him over but we __55__ it and the gifts.”____________
2．(2016·江苏高考)I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt listened patiently, but then he finally smiled and said, “You don't have a personal plan for growth, do you？”
“No, ” I __43__.
“You know，” Kurt said simply，“growth is not an automatic process.”
And that's when it hit me. I wasn't doing anything on purpose to make myself better.____________
3．(2015·安徽高考)__40__ modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and cheap.____________
4．(2015·安徽高考)Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem. We are __47__ buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones.____________
5．(2014·安徽高考)Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I managed to catch a taxi to my accommodation and settle in. Next morning, I took another taxi to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs. Later I went to a caf to have lunch, but all the tables were__42__. Then I heard a friendly voice saying，“You can share my table.”____________
6．(2011·广东高考)It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The __1__is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by learning situations that are designed for the average children.____________
答案：1.appreciate　2.admitted　3.Thanks to　4.addicted to
5．occupied　6.argument

二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度

新高考下的命题新视角：我国近十年来交通基础设施的发展取得了举世瞩目的成就，与“交通”相关的话题成为高考命题的热点内容之一，该话题主要包括交通工具、交通规则以及常见的交通问题等内容。通过阅读此类话题的文章，考生不仅可以了解与交通相关的知识，还可以培养热爱生活、健康向上的思想。建议考生平时多关注与此类话题相关的一些材料。

[话题感悟]

学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加黑词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
(2017·天津高考阅读C)This month, Germany's transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles (自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver's role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi­autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property (财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car's maker is responsible if there is a crash.
“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving，” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability (法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all，” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’， people expect driverless cars，” Merat says. “You know — no driver.”
Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human operation.
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government­provided driverless vehicles are being launched.
That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here，” says Calo.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。随着无人驾驶车辆的逐步推广，无人驾驶车辆出现事故时的责任认定成为一个难题。德国交通部长提出了第一套自主驾驶车辆的交通法规，并就此提出了自己的主张。
46．What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A place where cars often break down.
B．A case where passing a law is impossible.
C．An area where no driving is permitted.
D．A situation where drivers' role is not clear.
解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据下文“the grey area between ... the driverless future”对“死亡谷”的解释，可知这里的“死亡谷”指的是：半自动驾驶与完全无人驾驶的汽车之间的灰色地带(界线不明、难以界定的领域)，故应指驾驶员的角色不明朗的情景，D项描述与之吻合。
47．The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to ________.
A．stop people from breaking traffic rules
B．help promote fully automatic driving
C．protect drivers of all ages and races
D．prevent serious property damage
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段提到德国交通部长希望的三件事以及第四段说交通道路法规中关于自主驾驶车辆的这种变化将会允许完全自主驾驶的车辆投入使用(permit fully automatic driving)可知，选B。
48．What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?
A．It should get the attention of insurance companies.
B．It should be the main concern of law makers.
C．It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.
D．It should involve no human responsibility.
解析：选D　推理判断题。题干询问消费者(乘客)对于无人驾驶汽车的看法，在谈到谁应承担无人驾驶车辆的责任时，第七段说，当你说无人驾驶车辆的时候，人们以为是没有司机，从这些信息可以推断出，消费者在这种情况下会觉得没有为无人驾驶车辆的安全问题负责的人，故选D。
49．Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in ________.
A．Singapore　　　　　　 B．the UK
C．the US D．Germany
解析：选C　细节理解题。在谈到无人驾驶车辆在各国的前景时，最后两段谈到在英国和新加坡，由政府提供的无人驾驶车辆正在投入使用，但是在美国这种情况就会很糟糕(go down poorly in the US)，在这里，认为政府会接管无人驾驶车辆，把它们作为对公众有益的事物，这是完全行不通的(would get absolutely nowhere)，由此推断，作者觉得这种无人驾驶车辆在美国看不到光明的发展前景。
50．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?
B．Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough
C．Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed!
D．Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents
解析：选A　标题归纳题。全文把德国交通部长的提议作为引入，讲述了无人驾驶车辆的法律责任的认定，无人驾驶车辆在遇到车祸时首先应该保障的是车辆还是乘客的安全等问题，因此选A。

学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
词义猜测题解题技巧
(1)根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测；
(2)根据同位关系进行猜测；
(3)根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测；
(4)根据转折或对比关系进行猜测。
如上文第46题，根据下文“the grey area between ... the driverless future”对“死亡谷”的解释，可知这里的“死亡谷”指的是：半自动驾驶与完全无人驾驶的汽车之间的灰色地带(界线不明、难以界定的领域)，故应指驾驶员的角色不明朗的情景，D项描述与之吻合。利用“根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测”可轻松解题。



Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·名校原创预测卷三)
A tale of two dynasties
The exhibition The Civilizations of Qin and Han celebrates the glory of the Qin and Han dynasties in terms of politics, economics, art and culture. More than 300 artworks from 30 museums and institutions across the country are on show.
Time: 9 am－5 pm, through Nov. 30 (closed on Mondays)
Place: National Museum of China
Ticket: Free
Digital exhibition at Palace Museum
To celebrate the Palace Museum's 92nd anniversary, the exhibition, Discovering the Hall of Mental Cultivation: A Digital Experience, opens at Duanmen Digital Gallery. Visitors can enter the Hall of Mental Cultivation and view precious relics (遗迹) using advanced technologies, such as AI and VR, as well as voice and image recognition.
Time: 9 am－4 pm, through Nov. 30 (Mondays closed)
Place: Palace Museum
Ticket: Free (Online booking is needed before entry. Upper limit of daily booking is 700)
German new media art
The rise of new media art is attracting more people to museums these days. Arrested Time, an ongoing exhibition at Today Art Museum, is showing the development of Germany's new media art with six representative artists of different ages.
Time: 10 am－6 pm, through Nov. 12 (closed on Mondays)
Place: Today Art Museum
Ticket: 20 yuan
Expressing Belarus' beauty and soul
The peaceful landscape of Belarus and the artists of this country are little known to most Chinese people. An exhibition of 57 paintings of the Republic of Belarus is now being held in Beijing.
Time: 9 am－5 pm, through Dec. 17 (closed on Mondays)
Place: National Art Museum of China
Ticket: Free
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了在北京可以参观的几个展览。
1．Where should you go if you have great interest in history?
A．Palace Museum.
B．Today Art Museum.
C．National Museum of China.
D．National Art Museum of China.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据A tale of two dynasties部分中的“The exhibition The Civilizations of Qin and Han celebrates the glory of the Qin and Han dynasties in terms of politics, economics, art and culture”可知，The Civilizations of Qin and Han这一展览呈现的是秦朝和汉朝时期政治、经济、艺术和文化方面的辉煌成就。故对历史感兴趣的人可以来参观这一展览，其展出地是National Museum of China。故选C。
2．Which activity may be attractive to painting lovers?
A．German new media art.
B．A tale of two dynasties.
C．Expressing Belarus' beauty and soul.
D．Digital exhibition at Palace Museum.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Expressing Belarus' beauty and soul部分中的“An exhibition of 57 paintings of the Republic of Belarus is now being held in Beijing”可知，该展览中会展出57幅白俄罗斯的绘画作品，因此它对绘画爱好者会有一定的吸引力。故选C。
3．What do the four activities have in common?
A．They all set a number limit to daily visits.
B．They are all inaccessible on Mondays.
C．They all require pre­booking online.
D．They all charge no admission fees.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文中的“closed on Mondays”、“Mondays closed”、“closed on Mondays”和“closed on Mondays”可知，这四个展览在周一均不对外开放，也就是说人们在周一是不能参观这四个展览的。故选B。
4．What type of writing is this passage?
A．A news report. B．An official report.
C．An art show review. D．An exhibition guide.
解析：选D　推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了在北京举办的几个展览的时间、地点、票价等信息，故本文应是一个展览手册。故选D。
B
(2019·名校原创预测卷四)Georgina, known as Georgie, will turn 16 later this week and organized the party with two friends.Her mother said they had originally looked at the option of booking a nightclub, but decided the ￡1,000 fee was too steep. She said, “It seemed that realistically the only place Georgina could have her party was at home.”
Georgie Hobday's parents had grown­ups to be in charge, a proper guest list, and a ban on alcohol. So they thought they had her 16th birthday party under control.Unfortunately, it was advertised on Facebook.
Around 400 uninvited guests stormed into the family's townhouse in Brighton on Saturday and gatecrashed (擅自参加) the event.They violently forced their way past the adults on duty, breaking light bulbs, knocking over plants and tearing up the garden.Twelve police cars had to be called in to send them on their way.The troublemakers were the Facebook Republican Army, a group who look for teenage parties to crash through social networking sites.
Yesterday Georgie's mother, Sylvia Meli, said to the newspaper reporter, “It was an absolute horror show.The garden has been ruined and the grass is just mud.I'll never have a party for my daughter here again.I think Facebook is a major cause, as well as texting.”
A gatecrasher said this is just the kind of party they like to gatecrash. They're in their late teens and early 20s and they are quite intimidating.When they turn up at a teenage party they know that no one will dare to say anything to them so they can do what they want.Once they've found a party they put the word out through texts and news spreads fast.
A Sussex police spokesman said, “There was a sea of people, and it was difficult to move, which was a major safety problem that required a lot of police time and resources.” Mrs Meli added, “I do understand at that age they have nowhere to go because they couldn't go to clubs.But invading (蜂拥而入) someone else's party and wasting police time and money is not the answer.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。即将16岁的Georgie在家里举办了生日聚会，但“脸书共和军”在她生日当天不请自来，不仅破坏了她的生日聚会，而且把她家弄得乱七八糟。
5．What made Georgie's parents give up holding the party at a nightclub?
A．The high cost. B．The limited time.
C．The safety problem. D．The noisy atmosphere.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her mother said they had originally looked at the option of booking a nightclub, but decided the ￡1,000 fee was too steep”可知，Georgie的父母原打算预订一家夜总会为她举办16岁生日聚会，但是他们觉得1 000英镑的费用太贵，最终决定在家里给她举办生日聚会。故选A。
6．What can we know about Georgie's mother?
A．She arranged the party with Georgie.
B．She has disadvantaged backgrounds.
C．She regretted holding the party at home.
D．She throws a birthday party for Georgie yearly.
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It was an absolute horror show.The garden has been ruined and the grass is just mud.I'll never have a party for my daughter here again”可知，Georgie的妈妈认为这完全是个恐怖秀，她再也不在家里为女儿举办聚会了。由此可推知，Georgie的妈妈很后悔在家里为女儿举办生日聚会。故选C。
7．What does the underlined word “intimidating” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Ambitious. B．Frightening.
C．Thoughtless. D．Curious.
解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“When they ...they know that no one will dare to say anything to them so they can do what they want”可知，参加聚会的不速之客认为当他们出现在青少年的聚会上时，这些青少年不敢对他们说什么，于是他们就可以为所欲为。由此可推断画线词的意思为“可怕的，令人害怕的”，与frightening的意思相近。故选B。
8．What's Mrs Meli's attitude towards the Facebook Republican Army?
A．Concerned. B．Supportive.
C．Doubtful. D．Negative.
解析：选D　观点态度题。根据最后一段的“But invading (蜂拥而入) someone else's party and wasting police time and money is not the answer”可知，Georgie的妈妈认为“脸书共和军”闯入别人的聚会的行为是在浪费警方的时间和金钱，是不可取的。由此可知，她对“脸书共和军”持否定的态度。故选D。
C
(2019·名校原创预测卷七)This school year, instead of registering in regular gym class, Erika Brann, a senior at Alan B. Shepard High School in Illinois in the US, applied to be a guider in the school's Power Physical Education program.
Special education programs are designed for students who suffer from development issues such as mental, physical or social disorders. Students of these programs are normally educated separately from other students, meaning they don't often get the chance to communicate with those from the “general education” group.
Erika explained why she wanted to be involved. “I wanted the chance to connect with special education students who don't really get the opportunity to really connect with general education students and I hope in the end the chance can also be their chance to improve themselves, which was the most important part，” she said, “people always like to define (给……下定义) someone by their abilities.” But, she added, friendships are not based on abilities.
Since she and her partner began working together, the two have become good friends. So good, in fact, that Erika recently asked him to the party. The invitation is evidence that the district's ongoing attempts to blur the divide between special­needs students and standard education kids are working, Power PE teacher Ashley Lythberg said.
Illinois' two other schools also offer the class, which invites general education students to work with kids registered in any special­needs program. Under the watchful eye of the guider Grace Betz, sophomore (二年级学生) Trevor Thompson ran the obstacle course (障碍赛跑道). Dan Hennigan, who also works part­time at the sports equipment store, said special­needs students “are in a silent and lonely setting”， adding, “we wanted our kids to be around their peers. Some may look different on the outside but they want to have friends. The hard part is that some of our students lack the social skills to start a conversation or meet a friend. But now, we're starting to see kids visiting each other after school. It's expanding more than we ever expected.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在美国的伊利诺伊州，一些学校的接受普通教育的学生通过一些特殊教育项目帮助有发展障碍的学生。
9．What can be inferred about the students of special education programs?
A．They mostly have language disorders.
B．They often enjoy one­to­one guidance.
C．They generally have limits to sociability.
D．They usually develop severe mental illness.
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Students of these programs are normally educated separately ... those from the ‘general education’ group”可知，参加这些特殊教育项目的学生接受教育时会和其他学生分开，这意味着他们通常缺乏同接受普通教育的学生交流的机会，由此可推断，他们的社交能力受限，故选C。
10. Why does Erika join the Power Physical Education program?
A．To develop her social abilities.
B．To help special education students.
C．To make more like­minded friends.
D．To change prejudice against friendships.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段Erika说的话可知，Erika想要参与进去的目的是想让这些接受特殊教育的学生能从中受益，即帮助这些接受特殊教育的学生，故选B。
11．Which word can best replace the underlined word “blur” in the fourth paragraph?
A．Strengthen. B．Widen.
C．Balance. D．Narrow.
解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第四段的内容可知，作者以Erika的经历为例说明了让接受普通教育的学生参与一些特殊教育项目来帮助有发展障碍的学生的好处，故画线词所在句指的是这种邀请证明了这个地区为了缩小特殊需要学生和接受普通教育的学生之间的差距所做的努力有了效果，blur本意为“(使)难以区分”，在此处指“缩小……的差距”，故选D。
12．What's Dan Hennigan's attitude towards the program?
A．Optimistic. B．Disapproving.
C．Cautious. D．Doubtful.
解析：选A　观点态度题。根据第五段中Dan Hennigan所说的话，尤其是“But now, we're starting to see kids visiting each other after school. It's expanding more than we ever expected”可知，他对于该项目是持乐观的态度，故选A。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2019·邯郸期中考试)Cycling is a good form of sports, here are some tips on how to do it safely and comfortably.
__1__. Pushing with the wrong part of the foot can raise your risk of developing a painful injury of the heel, says Rob Werstine, a sports physiotherapist (理疗师) and board member of the Canadian Physiotherapy Association. You should push with the ball of your foot, he says.
Put on clothes. While it's warm, wear layers of clothing, with clothing close to the body that breathes and outer layers that do not absorb water. __2__.
Be reasonable. __3__， don't sign up for a 50­kilometre ride. And while cycling is great for people who want to get into shape, if your doctor advises you not to do tiring exercise for people who want to get into shape, cycling shouldn't be your starting position, Werstine says. Walk to begin getting into shape and then graduate to cycling.
Fix the fit. If you develop lower back pain or numbness in your hands and fingers from cycling, it could because your bike isn't adjusted properly for your height. __4__， but if you have continuing problems, consider consulting a bike fit physiotherapist, Werstine says.
Be mindful. You have to pay attention on the roads to vehicles, other cyclists and pedestrians. __5__. Or do some reading about how to avoid dangerous cycling situations, bicyclesafe.com, for instance, listing 10 types of car­bike accidents and how to avoid them.
A．Watch your feet
B．Ask experts for help
C．Stop there and let others pass by first
D．Go for bright colors that help you be seen
E．If you are just starting out and aren't in good shape
F．Consider taking a cycling safety course to practise your skills
G．A good cycle shop can help you find the right height for the seat
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在骑行时更安全、更舒适的建议。
1．解析：选A　空格处所填内容是本段的主旨句。根据本段内容可知，本段主要是建议在骑车时要注意脚上用力的地方。A项体现了本段的中心，适合作本段的主旨句。故选A。
2．解析：选D　本段主要是建议在骑车时的穿着问题，和穿着有关的选项只有D。D项表示，在骑车时要穿亮色的衣服，这样其他人就容易看到你。故选D。
3．解析：选E　空格处前面提到，骑车的距离要合理；空格处后面提到，不要一下子骑50千米；E项表示，如果你只是才开始骑行、身体不是很好，承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
4．解析：选G　空格处前面提到，如果你因骑车而身体的某些部位出现疼痛、麻木，说明车座高度与你不协调；G项表示，骑车去购物能帮助你弄清楚车座的合适高度，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
5．解析：选F　空格处前面提到，在骑车时要注意路上的车辆、其他骑车的人和路人；F项表示，可以考虑参加一个骑车安全的课程以锻炼你的骑车技能，承接上文，符合语境。故选F。