2021届人教版一轮复习学案：必修5Unit3　Lifeinthefuture

Unit 3　Life in the future单词拓展1.lack　　　　　　v.& n.缺乏;没有lacking adj.缺少的2.tolerate  vt.容忍;忍受tolerance n.忍受tolerant adj.宽容的3.instant  n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;立刻的instantly adv.立即;立刻4.surroundings  n.周围的事物surrounding adj.周围的surround vt.环绕;包围5.impression  n.印象;感想impress v.使留下印象impressive adj.给人以深刻印象的6.constant adj.连续不断的constantly adv.不断地7.previous adj.早先的previously adv.在以前;先前8.uncertain  adj.不确切的uncertainly adv.犹豫地;迟疑地uncertainty n.犹豫;无把握9.guide  n.& vt.指导;导游;指引guidance n.指引10.adjustment n.调整;调节adjust vt.调整;调节单词拓展11.press　　　　v.& n.按;压;新闻pressure n.压力12.optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的optimism n.乐观主义13.settlement  n.定居;解决settle v.解决;定居settler n.移民14.representative n.代表,典型人物represent v.代表15.switch  n.& vt.开关;转换16.recycle vt.回收利用短语记忆1.take up　　　　　　　拿起;接受2.lose sight of... 看不见……3.speed up 加速4.be back on one’s feet (困境后)恢复5.sweep up 打扫;横扫6.slide into 溜进……7.be similar to... 与……相似8.be greedy for... 对……贪婪句型整理1.Hit by a lack of fresh air,my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。2.Exhausted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了,悄悄地爬上床很快就睡着了。1.lack vi.& vt.缺乏;没有n.缺乏;短缺的东西归纳拓展①lack(for) sth.缺少……②for lack of 因缺少……③(a) lack of ……方面的短缺④be lacking in 缺乏(某种品质或技能)高考运用:完成句子①Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declining,six are stable,one is increasing,and nine 　　　　(缺少) enough data.(2019全国Ⅰ,语法填空) ②The leaves turned yellow 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(因为缺少) light. ③Although she is rich in knowledge,she 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(缺少) practical experience. 答案:①lack　②for lack of　③is lacking inlack作名词时常与介词of连用;作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态),也可作不及物动词用;形容词lacking常与in连用。2.tolerate vt.容忍;忍受归纳拓展①tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事②stand (sb.) doing sth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事③bear sb.doing sth.忍受/容忍某人做某事④put up with忍受,容忍高考运用:完成句子①Those who know to 　　　　(容忍) others can naturally lead a happy life. ②I can’t stand people 　　　　(打断) me all the time. 答案:①tolerate　②interrupting3.instant adj.立即的,立刻的n.瞬间;片刻归纳拓展①in an instant 立刻,瞬间(instantly)②for an instant 一瞬间在英语中表示“一……就……”的用法有:①the instant (that)...=instantly+从句②the moment/the minute/the second+从句③“hardly...when...”和“no sooner...than...”结构高考运用:完成句子①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(立刻) her mood changed. ②The shocked boy froze 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(一会儿,片刻),then fled. ③　　　　 　　　　(一……就) I saw him,I knew he was the man the police were looking for. 答案:①In an instant　②for an instant　③The instant写作联想:高考运用③其他表达方式Instantly/The moment/The minute/As soon as I saw him,I knew he was the man the police were looking for.4.take up拿起;占去(时间或空间);开始从事;开始处理;继续高考运用:完成句子①He will 　　　　 　　　　(开始从事) his post as the head of the civil courts at the end of next month. ②I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to 　　　　 　　　　(占用) too much of your time. ③She 　　　　 　　　　(拿起) the receiver and began to dial the number. ④The teacher 　　　　 　　　　(继续) the lesson where he left off last week. 答案:①take up　②take up　③took up　④took up5.lose sight of...看不见……归纳拓展①catch sight of望见;看到②come into sight进入视野③in sight在视线内④out of sight看不见;在视野之外⑤at the sight of一看见……⑥at first sight乍一看;第一眼看到高考运用:完成句子①Light pollution causes us to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(看不见) our true place in the universe. ②After three years of efforts,the end is finally 　　　　 　　　　(在视线内) for Jon. ③After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were 　　　　 　　　　 　　(看不见).(2019浙江卷) 答案:①lose sight of　②in sight　③out of sight6.speed up加速归纳拓展①at high/low/full/top speed以高/低/全/最高速②at a speed of...以……的速度③pick up speed逐渐加速高考运用:完成句子①They are broadening the bridge to 　　　　　　　　(加速) the flow of traffic. ②The car was driving 　　　　　　　　(以……的速度)sixty miles per hour. 答案:①speed up　②at a speed of7.Hit by a lack of fresh air,my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。本句中的hit是过去分词,Hit by a lack of fresh air是过去分词短语作状语,表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句:Because my head was hit...。归纳拓展①过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等,表示被动或完成;②过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致;③过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。高考运用:完成句子①　　　　(被抚养) in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becoming a football star.(表示原因) ②　　　　(被看) from the top of the castle,the park looks very beautiful.(表示条件) ③The students rushed into the classroom,　　　　(被跟随) by their teacher.(表示伴随)　 答案:①Raised　②Seen　③followed8.Exhausted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了,悄悄地爬上床很快就睡着了。exhausted adj.“筋疲力尽的,疲惫不堪的”,在此处作状语,表示原因。归纳拓展形容词(短语)和分词(短语)作状语的语法功能:①表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。②表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句。③表示让步,相当于一个让步状语从句。④表示方式,相当于一个副词或介词短语。⑤表示伴随,相当于一个并列句。高考运用:完成句子①　　　　 　　　　(严重受伤),some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once. ②He had tried to coax(哄) the dog to him but,　　　　(害怕的),it had run off.(2019全国Ⅱ,完形填空) ③　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(尽管没必要),he came here last night. 答案:①Seriously injured　②frightened　③Though not necessary