2021届人教版一轮复习学案：选修8Unit1　Alandofdiversity

选修8Unit 1　A land of diversity单词拓展1.majority　　　　n.大多数;大半major vi.专修;主攻 adj.主要的 2.occur  vi.发生;出现occurrence n.发生的事 3.hire  vt.& n.租用;雇用4.elect  vt.选择;选举某人election n.当选;选举5.indicate  vt.指出;表明;暗示indication n.迹象 6.applicant  n.申请人apply v.申请;使用;应用application n.申请 7.customs  n.海关;关税custom n.风俗;习惯customer n.顾客,客户8.apparent  adj.显而易见的apparently adv.显而易见地 9.slip  vi.滑动;滑行 n.滑动;滑倒slipper n.拖鞋 10.reform  v.& n.改革;改造reformer n.改革者;革新者 11.means  n.手段;方法12.grasp  vt.& n.抓住;掌握13.nowhere adv.无处;到处都无14.authority n.权威;权力15.percentage  n.百分比;百分率16.boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣短语记忆1.take in　　　　　　包括;吸收2.a great/good many 许多;很多3.team up with 与……合作或一起工作4.make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等5.by means of... 用……办法;借助……6.keep up 维持;坚持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)7.live on 继续存在;继续生存8.back to back 背靠背9.mark out 用线画出范围;标出……界线10.apply for 申请;请示得到句型整理1.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.这就是今天超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。2.However,it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而,很可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。1.means n.[C]方法;手段(单复数同形)归纳拓展①by means of 用……办法;借助……②by all means 当然可以;一定;务必;尽一切办法③by this means 通过这种方式④by any means 无论如何⑤by no means 决不;一点都不(位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装)高考运用:完成句子①But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will,perhaps,be able to find 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(其他适应的办法).(2019江苏,阅读理解D) ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(尽一切办法),we should take immediate action to protect our environment. ③　　　　　　　　(绝不)should we give in to difficulty. ④Millions of Chinese rely on bicycles as their important　　　　　　　　　　　　(交通方式). 答案:①other means of adapting　②By all means　③By no means　④means of transportation词语辨析:means表示“方法、手段、工具”,常与介词by搭配。method指做某事的具体步骤或程序,也指系统的、抽象的原理,常与介词with搭配。way是最通用的词,本意是“通路”,引申作“方式、方法”讲,含义很广。常与介词in搭配。approach也有“方法,步骤,途径”的意思。它侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式,常与介词to搭配。I like her approach to the problem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。All possible means have been tried.所有可行的方法都试过了。Mr.Su adopted a new method of teaching.苏老师采用了一种新的教学方法。Animals communicate in various ways.动物用各种不同的方式交流。means用作“方式,方法”讲时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。若every/each/one/a means作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。2.majority n.大多数;大半归纳拓展①the majority of...大多数的……②major in 主修③in the majority 占多数高考运用:完成句子①For example,if you look at the audience at a classical concert,　　　　 　　　　(绝大多数) is over the age of fifty. ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(大多数的) them take an online language test before starting their programme. ③Young people 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(占了多数) at the meeting. 答案:①the majority　②The majority of　③were in the majority①当a/the majority of作主语时,谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。②当the majority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数都可以。3.occur vi.发生;出现归纳拓展①It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事② 高考运用:完成句子①A great decline in young work force is likely to 　　　　(发生) in China,for instance.(2019江苏卷) ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(我突然想起) to visit my parents. ③It suddenly 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(他突然想到) that he had left his keys in the office. 答案:①occur　②It occurred to me　③occurred to him写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式①It struck me that I should visit my parents.②It occurred to me that I should visit my parents.①表达“发生”之意时,occur与happen可以互换;另外occur,happen,take place,break out等表示“发生;爆发”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态或进行时态。②occur结构中主语不能是人,而是想到的事情或it。4.take in包括;吸收;理解;欺骗;收留归纳拓展①take apart拆开;剖析②take on 呈现;开始雇用;与……较量③take up 占去,占据;开始从事④take away 拿走;消除(病痛等)⑤take down 记下来;拆掉⑥take over接管;接替高考运用:语法填空①Next time you take a walk,no matter where it is,take 　　　　 all the sights,sounds and sensations.(2019天津,阅读理解D) ②Vera Wang,Alexander Wang,Jason Wu are taking　　　　Galliano,Albaz,Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales.(2019全国Ⅲ,阅读理解B) ③Peter will take 　　　　 his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month. 答案:①in　②on　③up5.team up with与……合作或一起工作归纳拓展①catch up with赶上②put up with忍受③end up with以……结束④come up with想出高考运用:完成句子①Why don’t you 　　　　 　　　　(与……合作) Helen for the next part? ②They had encouraged Mac to carry on,and they would 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(赶上) him soon.(2019浙江卷) ③I cannot 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(忍受) such hot weather any longer. ④The meeting 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (以……结束) an encouraging song. 答案:①team up with　②catch up with　③put up with　④ended up with6.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.这就是今天超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。归纳拓展①That/ This is/was why...那/这就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)②That/ This is/was because...那/这是因为……(because从句表示原因)③The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导,而不用because)高考运用:语法填空①Not everyone acts the same in response to events,and that is 　　　　 what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.(2019北京,七选五) ②Tom came late for the meeting.That was 　　　　 he was ill. ③The reason 　　　　 the students favor the first one 　　　　 　　　　 they can carry it with them wherever they go. 答案:①why　②because　③why;is that写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式①Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting.②Owing to the fact that Tom was ill,he was late for the meeting.