2021届高考一轮复习梳理点拨学案：人教版必修1Unit3Traveljournal

Unit 3  Travel journal

基础自主检测

1.­able形容词后缀

①reliable    可信赖的；可靠的

②adjustable   可调节的

③fashionable    时尚的；时髦的

④reasonable    合理的

⑤adaptable    适合的；可适

应的

2.fore­前缀表“预见的；前部的”

①forecast n．& v．预测；预报

②foresee v．预见；预知

③foretell v．预言；预测

④forehead n．前额

⑤foreword n．前言；序

⑥foresight n．先见之明；远见

3.位置反义词小结

①on→beneath

②over→under

③above→below

4.与“性格”有关的形容词

①stubborn    固执的

②easy­going    随和的

③outgoing    外向的

④gentle    温和的

⑤optimistic    乐观的

⑥outspoken    坦率的

5.表“缺点”的名词

①weakness  弱点；缺点

②shortcoming  短处；缺点

③disadvantage  劣势；缺点

④defect  缺陷；缺点

一 动词＋介/副词

1.dream about/of 梦想

2.graduate from 毕业于……

3.care about 关心；忧虑；惦念

4.give in 投降；屈服；让步

5.feel like 想要；感觉像……

6.put up 张贴；搭建；安置

二 动词(短语)＋名词

7.change one's mind 改变主意

8.make up one's mind 下决心；决定

三 动词＋形容词＋介词

9.get sb.interested in 使某人对……感兴趣

10.be fond of 喜爱；喜欢

四 其他

11.ever since 自从；自……以后

12.as usual 照常；像往常一样

13.at midnight 在午夜

1.mind 相关短语

①change one's mind 改变主意

②make up one's mind 下决心；决定

③keep/bear ... in mind 牢记……

④fix one's mind upon/on 把注意力集中在……

⑤read one's mind 看懂某人的心思

2.“be＋adj.＋of”短语

①be fond of 喜欢；喜爱

②be tired of 对……厌倦

③be afraid of 害怕……

④be aware of 意识到；知道

⑤be proud of 为……自豪

⑥be sure of 确信……

1.ever since与现在完成时连用

Ever since middle school (从上中学那时起), my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.(教材P18)

2.强调句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分

It was my sister who (是我姐姐) first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.(教材P18)

3.insist(坚持要求)＋that从句(从句中谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略)

Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip (她坚持要求组织这次旅行) properly.(教材P18)

4.主语＋be＋adj.＋to do (动词不定式的主动形式表达被动含义)

When I told her the air would be hard to breathe (空气将会使人呼吸困难) and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.(教材P18)

5.once作连词，意为“一旦……就……”

Once she had made up her mind (一旦她下了决心), nothing can change it.(教材P18)

6.can hardly/not wait to do sth. “迫不及待做某事”

We can hardly wait to see (迫不及待地想见到) them！(教材P22)

单句语法填空

1.Wang Wei soon got them         (interest) in cycling too.

答案：interested

2.After          (graduate) from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.

答案：graduating

3.She gave me a          (determine) look—the kind that said she would not change her mind.

答案：determined

4.We found a large atlas with good maps          showed details of world geography.

答案：that/which

5.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys,          (travel) across western Yunnan Province.

答案：travelling

6.Along the way children          (dress) in long wool coats stopped to look at us.

答案：dressed

7.In the late afternoon we found it was so cold          our water bottles froze.

答案：that

8.At one point we were so high that we found ourselves         (cycle) through clouds.

答案：cycling

9.At midnight the sky became clearer and the stars grew         (bright).

答案：brighter

10.We will reach Dali in Yunnan Province soon,          our cousins Dao Wei and Yu Hang will join us.

答案：where

考点步步冲关

1prefer　vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)

Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train？(P17)

你更喜欢哪种交通方式：公共汽车还是火车？(1)prefer sth. to sth. 与……相比更喜欢……

prefer (sb./sth.) to do sth. 更喜欢(某人/某物)做某事

prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事

(2)

(3)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物

have a preference for 对……偏爱

[名师点津]　(1)prefer的过去式、过去分词是preferred，现在分词是preferring，相似变化的单词有refer (提及，谈及)和infer (推断，推理)。

(2)prefer不用于进行时。

(3)prefer相当于like better，所以prefer不可与比较级连用。

即时练1

单句语法填空

①I'm quite satisfied, and I prefer renting such an apartment          buying one.

②I prefer          (exercise) at home, and it seems that I am always going on a diet.

答案：①to　②exercising/to exercise

一句多译

她更喜欢和我们一起去而不愿独自留下。

③                                   (prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)

④                                   (prefer doing sth. to doing sth.)

⑤                                   (would rather do sth. than do sth.)

⑥                                   (would do sth. rather than do sth.)

答案：③She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind alone.　④She preferred going with us to staying behind alone.　⑤She would rather go with us than stay behind alone.　⑥She would go with us rather than stay behind alone.

2 determine　vt.确定；决定；(使)下定决心

She gave me a  determined look—the kind that said she would not change her mind.(P18)

她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。

(1)determine on/upon决定

determine to do sth. 决定做某事

determine ＋从句 决定……

(2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的

be determined to do sth.决心做某事

be determined that ... 决心……

(3)determination n. 决心

[名师点津]　(1)高考中常把determined to do sth. 作状语的用法作为考查点，有类似用法的还有lost in, caught in, absorbed in等。

(2)be determined (not) to do sth.表示状态，是可延续的，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，而determine to do sth.表示动作，不能与表时间段的状语连用。如：

He determined to do it for a long time.(×)

He was determined to do it for a long time.(√)

类似用法的单词还有

即时练2

单句语法填空

①         (determine) to give up smoking, he threw away his remaining cigarettes.

②He fought the illness with          (determine)．

答案：①Determined　②determination

一句多译

他想到了妈妈的期望，决定不撒谎。

③He thought of his mother's hope, and                               . (宾语从句)

④He thought of his mother's hope, and                               . (不定式作宾语)

答案：③determined that/was determined that he would not tell a lie　④was determined not to tell a lie

care for 喜欢；照顾

take care 当心

take care of 照料；处理

with care 小心地

[名师点津]　care about意为“介意；在乎”；care for 意为“喜欢；照顾”，两者意义不同，不要混淆。

即时练1

单句语法填空

①I don't care          the price, so long as the car is in good condition.

②He was very grateful to the nurses who had cared          him.

③He handled the instrument          care for fear that it should be damaged.

答案：①about　②for　③with

change one's mind 改变主意

记住……

call/bring ...  to mind回忆起……

fix one's mind on/upon ... 将注意力集中于……

read one's mind看出某人的心思

[名师点津]　make up one's mind短语中的mind与change one's mind中的mind的形式要随one's的单复数变化而变化。

即时练2

单句写作

①威廉的两本书帮助本杰明下定决心成为一名画家。

Williams' two books helped Benjamin to                to be a painter.

②他接了一个电话后，在最后时刻改变了主意。

He                after a phone call at the last minute.

③在网络上，我们能够迅速地、轻易地找到细节，查看事实，而不需要记住它们。

On the Internet, we can quickly and easily locate the details, and check facts, without                                                                .

④周围这么吵闹，这个男孩根本不能将注意力集中在他正在做的事情上。

With so much noise around, the boy could not                             at all.

答案：①make up his mind　②changed his mind　③keeping them in mind　④fix his mind on/upon what he was doing

give in to sb./sth. 向某人/某事投降、让步

give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事

give away 赠送；泄露

give back 归还；恢复

give off 放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)

give out 分发；公布，宣布；(食物、燃料、电力等)用光；精疲力竭

give way to ...  给……让路；对……让步

give rise to 产生；引起

[名师点津]　give in “屈服；投降；让步；上交”。当“屈服”讲时，如果接宾语，后面常接介词to，表示向某人/物屈服。

即时练3

用give相关短语的适当形式填空

①We will never             ， whatever they might do or say about our plan.

②Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance, but her trembling voice          her         .

③The rotting bananas are              a bad smell, so you'd better throw them away.

④I know smoking is bad for health, but I simply can't          it         .

⑤After two days our food             ， and we had to return.

答案：①give in　②gave; away　③giving off　④give; up　⑤gave out

即时练1

单句语法填空

①(2016·天津高考)I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing, but she refused to give up and insisted she          (go)．

②I might fail, but anyhow I insist          doing it. I never lose heart.

答案：①(should) go　②on/upon

单句写作

③这位女士坚持说她没有做错事并坚决要求应该得到恰当的对待。

The lady insisted that she                              and that she              properly.

答案：had done nothing wrong; (should) be treated

the air would be hard to breathe是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中the air是breathe的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：

①表语是表性质的形容词

②主语是to do的逻辑宾语

(1)常用形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。

(2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。

即时练2

单句语法填空

①(2017·江苏高考)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative explanations are hard          (find)．

②Many bad habits can be especially difficult          (cure)．

答案：①to find　②to cure

单句写作——句式升级

③汤姆不容易取悦。(please)

④汤姆很难相处。

⑤用as a result连接句③和④

答案：③Tom is not easy to please.　④Tom is hard/difficult to get along with.　⑤Tom is not easy to please; as a result, he is hard/difficult to get along with.

(1)once用作连词时，意为“一旦……就……”，引导时间状语从句。从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

(2)once用作副词时，意为“曾经；一度；从前；一次”。

(3)once引导的从句中的主语若与主句主语一致，且从句的谓语动词是be的某种形式，则可将从句中的主语和be动词省略，构成省略句。

即时练3

单句写作

①一旦造成损失，这些农田要花费很多年才能恢复过来。

                              ， it will take many years for the farmland to recover.

②一旦发现，任何错误都必须加以改正。

              ， any mistake must be corrected.

③李华，曾经的一个好学生，现在却一直试图逃学。

Li Hua,               ， now is trying to escape school.

④他每周洗一次汽车。

He cleans his car               .

答案：①Once the damage is done　②Once (it is) found

③once a good student　④once a week

现在进行时表将来

英语中有少数动词(位移动词)或动词短语，如：go, come, start, leave, arrive, return, move, fly, take off等，其现在进行时可以表示将来。主要用来表示按计划、安排在近期将要发生的动作。

①Look, the plane full of food and clothes is taking off soon to help the victims in the earthquake.

看，满载着食品和衣服的飞机很快就要起飞去帮助在地震中受灾的人们。

②Please call the station to make sure when the earliest train is leaving.

请给车站打个电话确认最早一班火车什么时候离开。

现在进行时表示将来除使用位移动词外，也可使用某些非位移动词，如：do, buy, meet, have, play, finish, stay, publish等，此时句中一般要有表示将来的时间状语。

③At this time next year we  are having our holiday in Beijing.

明年的此刻我们正在北京度假呢。

即时练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The mid­term exam          (come), and everyone is trying hard to study.

答案：is coming

2．Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane          (take) off.

答案：is taking

3．I          (not go) out tonight; I         (stay) at home.

答案：am not going; am staying

4．Are you          (have) a meeting with Bill tonight?

答案：having

5．Lily          (walk) to school tomorrow.

答案：is walking

Ⅱ.单句写作

1．我下周日要离开华盛顿到纽约去了。

I              Washington for New York next Sunday.

答案：am leaving

2．穿上大衣，我马上带你下楼去看医生！

Put on your coat. I                down to the doctor!

答案：am taking you

3．所有的T恤都在半价销售，因为这家店下周要关门了。

All the T­shirts are sold at half price, because the shop              down next week.

答案：is closing

4．明年冬天我们去墨西哥度假。

We                our holiday in Mexico next winter.

答案：are taking

5．下周五我们将乘飞机去上海出席一个重要的会议。

We                                      to attend an important meeting.

答案：are flying to Shanghai next Friday

基础达标演练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)They needed to be aroused (激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news          bad.

答案：to

2．If you don't speak good English, you'll be          a big disadvantage when you try to get a job.

答案：at

3．We have made up our          (mind) to overcome this difficulty.

答案：minds

4．My husband and I insisted that our children          (be) old enough to make their beds.

答案：were

5．She is scheduled          (give) a speech tonight, hoping all of us will attend it.

答案：to give

6．I hold a positive attitude          online voting.

答案：towards/to

7．She left school three years ago and          (work) as a nurse ever since.

答案：has been working

8．This machine is very easy          (operate). Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

答案：to operate

9．Mr Black, who is a very          person, works as the president of a large international         . (organize)

答案：organized; organization

10．My brother          from Beijing University last year. He has been working in a famous company after         . (graduate)

答案：graduated; graduation

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．The government insisted that plans made to help those out of work.

答案：made前加(should) be

2．The man is very stubborn and difficult to get along well.

答案：well后加with

3．Having worked for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on the schedule.

答案：去掉the

4．He persuaded her to stop smoking but failed.

答案：persuaded→advised

5．Determining，Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around.

答案：Determining→Determined

Ⅲ.教材微写作

A．根据提示完成句子

1．苏珊一直梦想着到丽江旅游。(dream about)

答案：Susan had been dreaming about travelling to Lijiang.

2．她宁愿玛丽和她一起去。(prefer)

答案：She preferred Mary to go with her.

3．尽管玛丽很固执，苏珊还是决定去说服她一起去旅行。(stubborn; determine; persuade)

答案：Although Mary was stubborn, Susan determined to persuade her to travel together.

4．最终玛丽做出让步，并同意和苏珊一起去旅游。(finally; give in)

答案：Finally, Mary gave in and agreed to travel with Susan.

5．她们尽情地欣赏那儿的美景。(view)

答案：They enjoyed the wonderful view there to the fullest.

6．玛丽很激动，以至于夜里不能入睡。(stay awake)

答案：Mary was so excited that she stayed awake during the night.

B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范

答案：Susan had been dreaming about travelling to Lijiang and she preferred Mary to go with her. Although Mary was stubborn, Susan determined to persuade her to travel together. Finally, Mary gave in and agreed to travel with her. They enjoyed the wonderful view there to the fullest, which made Mary so excited that she stayed awake during the night.