2021届高考一轮复习梳理点拨学案：人教版必修3Unit5Canada_“TheTrueNorth”

Unit 5  Canada—“The True North”基础自主检测 阅读识记Ⅰ.英译汉1.quiz n. 测验；问答比赛2.minister n. 大臣；部长3.harbour n. 海港4.eagle n. 鹰5.urban adj. 城市的；市镇的6.frost n. 霜；霜冻Ⅱ.汉译英1.Canadian n. 加拿大人　adj. 加拿大的；加拿大人的2.continent n. 洲；大陆3.baggage n. 行李4.eastward adv. 向东　adj. 向东的；朝东的5.mist n. 薄雾6.dawn n. 黎明；拂晓；破晓高频应用1.chat vi.& n. 聊天；闲聊2.scenery n. 景色；风景3.measure vi.& vt. 测量；衡量；判定　n. 计量制；计量单位；措施4.aboard prep.& adv. 在(船、飞机、火车或公共汽车)上；上(船、飞机、火车等)5.within prep. 在……之内6.border n. 边界；国界；边沿　vt.& vi. 与……接壤；接近7.topic n. 话题8.downtown adj. 市区的　adv. 在市区；往市区9.approximately adv. 接近；大约10.nearby adv. 在附近　adj. 附近的；邻近的拓展变形1.surround (vt.) 包围；围绕→surroundings (n.) (复数)周围的事物；环境→surrounding (adj.) 周围的2.slight (adj.) 轻微的；微小的→slightly (adv.) 稍稍；轻微地3.mix (vt.& vi.) 混合；调配→mixture (n.) 混合(物)；混合状态4.wealthy (adj.) 富有的→wealth (n.) 财富5.distance (n.) 距离；远方→distant (adj.) 远的；远方的6.broad (adj.) 宽阔的；广泛的→broaden (v.) 增长；扩大；(使)变宽7.tradition (n.) 传统；风俗→traditional (adj.) 传统的→traditionally (adv.) 传统地8.terrify (vt.) 使恐怖；恐吓→terrified (adj.) 恐惧的；受惊吓的→terrifying (adj.) 令人恐惧的→terror (n.) 恐惧→terrible (adj.) 可怕的；危害极大的9.pleased (adj.) 欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的→please (v.) 使满意；使愉快→pleasure (n.) 高兴；愉快；快乐10.impress (vt.) 使印象深刻；使铭记→impressive (adj.) 给人深刻印象的；感人的→impression (n.) 印象 1.“景色，风景”集合①scenery n. 风景，景色；舞台布景②scene n. 景色；(戏剧的)一场③sight n. 风景，名胜；视力④view n. 景色；视野，视域⑤outlook n. 景色；前景2.“说”法种种①chat vi.& n. 聊天；闲聊②whisper v. 小声说；耳语③speak v. 说；演讲；发言④inform vt. 通知；告知⑤announce vt. 宣告⑥declare vt. 宣布；声明⑦claim vt. 声称；要求⑧broadcast vt. 广播3.“­y”后缀常见形容词①wealth→wealthy 富有的②thirst→thirsty 渴的；渴望的③taste→tasty 美味的④sleep→sleepy 困的⑤guilt→guilty 内疚的；有罪的⑥health→healthy 健康的⑦salt→salty 咸的⑧hill→hilly 多山的 一 动词＋介/副词1.be surrounded by/with 被……包围2.settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于3.dream about/of 梦想……二 动词＋名词＋介词4.catch sight of 看见；瞥见5.have a gift for 有……天赋三 介词＋名词6.in the distance 在远处7.at dawn 在黎明；在拂晓四 其他8.rather than 与其；不愿9.manage to do 设法做10.in charge of 负责11.as far as 远到；直到；至于1.“v.＋down”短语集锦①settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于②pass down 传下来；传递③bring down 使降低④break down 分解；垮掉⑤cut down 削减；砍倒⑥burn down 烧毁2.“be＋过去分词＋with”结构一览①be surrounded with 被……包围②be impressed with 给……留下深刻印象③be equipped with 配备有……④be crowded with 挤满……⑤be covered with 被……覆盖 1.序数词＋最高级It is the second largest country (第二大国) in the world. (教材P33)2.rather than “与其，不愿”，连接并列部分Rather than take the aeroplane all the way (不愿一路乘飞机), they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada. (教材P34)3.独立主格结构It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring (一些树高达) over 90 metres.(教材P34)4.比较级＋any other ...  “比任何一个都……”Canada has more fresh water than any other country (淡水要比任何其他国家都多) in the world. (教材P34)5.not ... until ...  “直到……才……”They were not leaving for Montreal until later (晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔), so they went on a tour of the city.(教材P38)6.as far as ...  “直到……；远到……”It's too bad you can't go as far as (你不能一直走至) Ottawa, Canada's capital. (教材P38)单句语法填空1.         the way to the station, he chatted          their trip.答案：On; about2.         (go) eastward, you will pass mountains and thousands  of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities.答案：Going3.People say it is Canada's most beautiful city,          (surround) by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.答案：surrounded4.Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and          (sail) in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada's most popular cities to live         .答案：sailing; in5.The girls were surprised at the fact          ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.答案：that6.It has one－third of the world's total fresh water, and much of          is in the Great Lakes.答案：it7.There was frost on the ground,          (confirm) that fall had arrived in Canada.答案：confirming8.         dinner at a restaurant called the Pink Pearl, the cousins chatted with Lin Fei,          had moved to Canada many years earlier.答案：Over; who9.There were signs and ads in French, but some of          had English words in smaller letters.答案：them10.They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and          (visit) artists in their workplaces beside the water.答案：visiting 考点步步冲关1 surround　vt. 包围；围绕People say it is Canada's most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.(P34)人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。(1)surround sb./sth. with sb./sth. 使某人/物包围某人/物surround yourself with sb./sth. 和某人/物在一起；与某人/物为伍be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围(2)surrounding adj. 周围的(3)surroundings n. 环境[名师点津]　(1)surroundings指周围具体的、物质性的环境，而environment指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。The boy grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a happy home environment.这个男孩成长的周边环境很漂亮，但家庭环境不幸福。(2)常用复数的名词还有：earnings 薪水；greetings 问候语；findings 研究结果；belongings 所有物；possessions 财产。 即时练1单句语法填空①         (surround) by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.②The          (surround) villages have been absorbed by the growing city.③Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful          (surround)．④Surrounding yourself          people who'll provide you with support can be very beneficial.答案：①Surrounded　②surrounding　③surroundings　④with单句写作——句式升级⑤远处那栋被许多大树环绕的高楼是我爸爸公司的所在地。a．普通表达：The tall building                    is home to my father's company. The tall building                  a great many big trees.b．高级表达：                                                       (分词作定语)c．高级表达：                                                      (定语从句)答案：a.in the distance; is surrounded by　b．The tall building surrounded by a great many big trees in the distance is home to my father's company.　c．The tall building which is surrounded by a great many big trees in the distance is home to my father's company. 2 confirm　vt.证实；证明；批准 ... there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada. (P38)……地面上覆盖了一层霜，表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事confirm a contract 确认合同confirm sth./that/whether ... 证实……It has been confirmed that ... 已经被证实…… 即时练2单句写作①在面试的前一天，发一封确认面试时间的电子邮件。When the interview is one day away, send an e－mail to                 of the appointment.②最新的证据让我坚信他是诚实的。The latest evidence                  his honesty.③已经确定会议将于下个星期召开。                               the meeting will take place next week.答案：①confirm the time　②confirmed me in　③It has been confirmed that 3 distance　n．距离；远方；遥远；疏远       　　v．与……保持距离；与……疏远,In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.(P38)远处，她们可以看到湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。(1)in the distance 在远处at/from a distance 从远处；离一段距离at a distance of ... 在……的距离within walking distance 步行即可到达；步行距离之内keep sb. at a distance 对……冷淡；与……疏远；和某人保持距离(2)distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的[名师点津]　提问距离多远时，如果用distance，则疑问词用what。 即时练3单句语法填空①In my opinion, the picture looks better          a distance.②         is the distance between Philadelphia and Chicago?答案：①from　②What单句改错③Although Tom lives far away from his family, they don't feel distance. ④We spotted them waving to us at distance of two hundred metres. ⑤The boy who is standing in distance has a gift for writing. 答案：③distance→distant　④at后加a　⑤in后加the 4  impress　vt.使印象深刻；使铭记Describe two or three things that impressed you most and your feelings when you experienced them.(P39)描绘两三件给你留下深刻印象的事情和你经历它们时的感觉。(1)impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事；使某人明白某事的重要性impress sb. with sth. 给某人留下深刻印象be impressed by/with 对……印象深刻(2)impression n. 印象；感想make/leave/give an impression on/upon sb. 给某人留下印象have/get the impression that ... 有……的印象(3)impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 即时练4单句语法填空①Even so, she impressed the world          her courage and strong desire to succeed.②What          (impress) me most was that whenever he appeared in front of others he often wore a big smile.③Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leaves me a deep          (impress)．④The new teacher made  a good impression          the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.⑤She was very          (impress) in the interview.答案：①with　②impressed　③impression　④on　⑤impressive单句写作——句式升级⑥a.普通表达：                                           (美景给我留下深刻印象) and forgot to go back home in time.b．高级表达：                                ， I forgot to go back home in time. (把a句升级为分词作状语)答案：a.I was impressed by the beautiful scenery　b．Impressed by the beautiful scenery 1settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于教材原句That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.(P34)那天下午表姐妹俩才登上火车落了座。(1)settle in/into 适应/习惯新的工作环境/新情况/新家/新学校等settle down to (doing) sth. 开始(做)某事；静下心来(做)某事settle a problem/an argument/a dispute 解决问题/争议/争论(2)settlement n. 解决；处理；协议；殖民reach/arrive at/come to a settlement 达成协议[名师点津]　settle in 表示刚到一个新的环境安顿下来，而settle down强调的是适应环境后安顿下来。 即时练1写出下列句中settle down的含义①Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter settle down, get married, and have kids.        ②He settled down to his studies after he came back.        ③The lecturer tried to settle the audience down.        答案：①安顿下来　②专心于　③使……平静下来单句语法填空④I've decided to settle          in Beijing.⑤It takes a few months to settle          life at college.⑥Before we settle down to          (discuss) other things, I've a question to ask you.⑦With a lot of difficult problems          (settle), the newly－elected president is having a hard time.⑧The manager and the workers have reached a          (settle) over new working conditions.答案：④down　⑤into　⑥discussing　⑦to settle　⑧settlement 2manage to do 设法做教材原句Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.(P34)那天一早，火车先是穿越落基山脉，她们总算看到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。manage on sth. 凑合着活下去；支撑manage it 能做到manage to do sth.设法做成某事 manage to do“设法做成某事”，不定式所表示的动作已经完成了，相当于succeed in doing sth.try to do“努力做某事”，不定式所表示的动作不一定完成 即时练2单句语法填空①One can always manage          (do) more things, no matter how full one's schedule is in life.②That's not a hard job. I'm sure I can manage          myself.答案：①to do　②it一句多译尽管他们遇到了那么多的困难，但仍尽力按时完成了艰苦的任务。③Though they met with so many difficulties, they managed                  on time.④Though they met with so many difficulties, they succeeded                 on time.答案：③to finish the hard task　④in finishing the hard task 3catch sight of 看见；发现教材原句Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.(P34)那天一早，火车先是穿越落基山脉，她们总算看到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。at first sight 初次见到时；乍看上去at the sight of 一看见……lose sight of 看不见(表动作)lose one's sight 失明out of sight 看不见(视野之外)(表状态)in/within sight 看得见；在视野内 即时练3单句写作①我看见她匆忙走开，但我并没有跟她讲话。I                      her hurrying away but I did not try to speak to her.②我们去看了一下房子，并对此房一见钟情。We  went to have a look at the house and we loved it                 .③贼一见到警察就逃跑了。                     the policemen, the thief ran away immediately.④肖失明后，他的妻子建议他申请一只导盲犬。When Shaw                   ， his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog.⑤父亲挥着手，直到再也看不见我们。My father waved until we were                 .答案：①caught sight of　②at first sight　③At the sight of　④lost his sight　⑤out of sight 1Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.(P34)翻译她们不想一路乘飞机，她们决定飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。(1)rather than而不是(连接平行结构)(2)other than不同于；除了or rather更确切地说more than 多于；不仅仅；非常 [名师点津]　(1)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。(2)would rather＋从句，从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟；用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。 即时练1单句语法填空①Rather than sit here waiting, I prefer          (go) to find out what on earth has happened.②They said the director, rather than the clerks,          (be) responsible for the incident.答案：①to go　②was单句写作③我宁愿乘一周的火车，也不愿坐飞机。                 travel by air, I prefer to travel by train for a week.④除了等待以外，我们没有其他办法。There was nothing we could do                  wait.⑤我在星期五深夜见到他，更确切地说是在星期六凌晨。I met him very late on Friday night,                early on Saturday morning.⑥他们宁愿去钓鱼，也不愿待在家里。They                  fishing                at home.⑦我宁愿你暂时先什么都不要做。I would rather you                      for the time being.答案：③Rather than　④other than　⑤or rather　⑥would rather go; than stay　⑦didn't do anything 2It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.(P34)翻译那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。此句中some measuring over 90 metres是独立主格结构。独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，而非句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况。其构成为：名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。 即时练2单句写作①树叶零零散散地落下，我一下子意识到秋天来临了。                                ， I suddenly notice autumn is coming.②在晚会结束后，没有公共汽车，我们不得不走回家。                        ， we had to walk home after the party was over.③独自一个人吃完饭后，菲利普径直走进图书馆。                              ， Philip walked straight into the library.④劫匪手里拿着刀闯进房间。A robber burst into the room,                   .⑤尽管风暴很可怕，但我们手里紧握着雨伞，继续前行。Terrible as the storm was,                        in our hands, we continued our way.答案：①Leaves falling here and there　②There being no bus　③His dinner eaten alone　④knife in hand　⑤umbrellas tightly held 同位语从句同位语从句(Appositive Clause)在句子中作某一抽象名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，解释和说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea, fact, news, hope, belief, thought, doubt, promise, suggestion, order, possibility等。1．通常用连词whether, that引导同位语从句， that无词义，也不作句子成分，不能省略，从句用陈述语序。①Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days.一些人认为：你可以用不到五天的时间横穿加拿大。②The student asked me the question whether the book was worth reading.那个学生问我这个问题：这本书是否值得一读。2．同位语从句还可以用疑问代词who, which, what和疑问副词when, where, why, how等引导。③The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。3．定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释。另外，that的功能不同。that引导同位语从句时，无词义，不作成分，但不能省略；而that引导定语从句时，可代指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。④The news that our team has won the game was true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(that引导的同位语从句解释说明news到底是一个什么消息)⑤The news (that) he told me yesterday was true.昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(that引导定语从句，修饰先行词news，在从句中作told的宾语) 即时练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The fact          I was found to have ADHD made my mother sad.答案：that2．The problem will appear          a different welfare system should be created.答案：whether3．I have the feeling          we will never know what a UFO means.答案：that4．We should consider the students' request          the school library provide more books on popular science.答案：that5．         is no possibility that he can be admitted into Tsinghua university this year.答案：ThereⅡ.单句改错1．Do you have any idea that is going on in the classroom? 答案：that→what2．Word came he had been admitted to the key university. 答案：came后加that3．There is no doubt whether he is equal to the task. 答案：whether→that4．We'll discuss the problem that the sports meeting will be held on time. 答案：that→whether5．He made a promise if anyone set him free he would make him very rich. 答案：promise后加that 基础达标演练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Not only her family but also her team          (impress) her deeply since she joined the team.答案：have impressed2．Fairly          (terrify) of being washed away, James was struggling to grab the edge of the boat.答案：terrified3．It was so nice of you to come to our aid. I don't think we could have managed          without you.答案：it4．The crowd          (surround) the injured boy fell back when the ambulance came.答案：surrounding5．He cannot have caught sight of his teacher          (enter) the classroom, for he was still chatting with his deskmate.答案：entering6．There are so many tall trees in the forest, some of them          (measure) 50 metres.答案：measuring7．The driver was just injured          (slight) in the accident, but his car was completely ruined.答案：slightly8．A cool rain was falling          (mix) with snow, causing heavy traffic.答案：mixed9．Modern science has given clear evidence          smoking can lead to many diseases.答案：that10．In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled          far as the local market.答案：asⅡ.单句改错1．Canada is second biggest country in the world and as you go eastwards, you will see mountains. 答案：second前加the2．During the Mid­Autumn Festival, it is tradition for Chinese to sit together and eat mooncakes and fruit, enjoying the full moon. 答案：tradition前加a3．The fact has worried many scientists when the earth is  becoming warmer and warmer these years. 答案：when→that4．I always prefer to start early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute. 答案：leaving→leave5．They finally settled down a discussion of the main issue. 答案：down后加toⅢ.教材微写作A．根据提示完成句子1．游览加拿大是我们的梦想。(动名词作主语)  答案：Visiting Canada had been our dream.2．我们决定坐飞机去而不开车。(rather than)  答案：We decided to take a plane rather than drive.3．我们在傍晚登上飞机。(aboard)  答案：We went aboard at dusk.4．黎明时，我们已经在加拿大上空。(dawn)  答案：At dawn, we were over Canada.5．从远处我们看到了许多湖泊、山脉。(sight; distance)  答案：We caught sight of many lakes and mountains from a distance.6．它们的美景给我们留下了深刻的印象。(impress)  答案：We were greatly impressed by their beauty.B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：Visiting Canada had been our dream. We decided to take a plane rather than drive, and went aboard at dusk. At dawn, we were over Canada, where we caught sight of many lakes and mountains from a distance. We were greatly impressed by their beauty.